CN104041368A - Method for fast detecting cooling capacity needed by peaches - Google Patents
Method for fast detecting cooling capacity needed by peaches Download PDFInfo
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- CN104041368A CN104041368A CN201410264421.5A CN201410264421A CN104041368A CN 104041368 A CN104041368 A CN 104041368A CN 201410264421 A CN201410264421 A CN 201410264421A CN 104041368 A CN104041368 A CN 104041368A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of plant planting and culturing, in particular to a method for fast detecting the cooling capacity needed by peaches. The method comprises the steps of picking peach branches in the same year every 4-5 days after peach leaves fall, wherein the branches are 20-30cm long, and flower buds and leaf buds on each branch are not less than 20 respectively; inserting the branches into water by 2-3cm indoors, shearing the lower parts of the peach branches every 3 days to expose fresh color, and changing water every 3 days, so tops of the leaf buds are exposed by 50% and the tops of the flower buds bloom by 50% which represent that the self cooling capacity of the flower buds and leaf buds are met. According to the method conditions, the abloom rate and the germination rate can be counted by only 15 days, after 15 days, the germination rate and abloom rate of the peach branches can be fully counted to determine the needed cooling capacity which represents the needed cooling capacity and meets detection conditions, and time is saved by of 7-13 days compared with the time (21-28 days) of the traditional method; in addition, conditions of the traditional method are numerous and the condition change is hard to control, while the detection conditions of the method are simple and are simple and convenient to operate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting and culture technique field, is a kind of method of Fast Measurement peach chilling requirement specifically.
Background technology
Peach is finished the chilling requirement that low temperature cumulant that natural dormancy period reaches is peach, and peach chilling requirement originates from as peach the regional inherent characteristic that cools has conclusive impact to the introducing and planting of southern peach.
Chilling requirement refers to number while meeting the required effective low temperature of deciduous fruit tree natural dormancy, and number represents when entering after dormancy that required 0～7.2 ℃ (not comprising 0 ℃) accumulates low temperature conventionally; Understand the chilling requirement of kind, the energy accurate instruction heating-up time, if low temperature does not meet, even if be suitable for the temperature and humidity condition that germinates and bloom to peach, can not normally germinate, show withered bud, bloom irregular (duration long), fruit-setting rate be low, and then affect output.How the chilling requirement of Fast Measurement peach has very important theory and practice meaning to peach cultivation.
Existing peach chilling requirement assay method comprises following several mode:
Zhang Yubin is in the branch water seaoning in Gansu: start annual December 30,80cm long shoot bar is selected at interval for 5 days, put into 12～18 ℃ of indoor wide-mouth bottle room temperatures, natural lighting, gets examination material 7 times, within every three days, changes water once, base portion cuts off 0.5～1cm, expose new stubble, spraying maintains branch humidity and fresh, within 30 days, adjusts afterwards poor its leaf bud germination rate.
Wang Lirong is in the method for Yang Ling: select 5～10, field branch, length 30～40cm, fetching to insert in indoor water tank does not have 3 days to change water once, indoor conditions: 22～28 ℃, light/dark=16/18h, intensity of illumination 3000Lx, within every two days, change water once, a little exposes new stubble within every 3 days, to cut off base portion, cuts off base portion 2～3mm at every turn, adds up the rudiment situation of blooming after 3 weeks.
Shen Yuanyue is in Beijing method, from mid-November to late Febuary next year, every sampling in 9～10 days once, in growth case, cultivate, each every kind is got 12, branch, long 20～25cm, branch base portion 2cm inserts in water, 20 ± 0.5 ℃ of day-night constant temperatures, light/dark=12/12h, intensity of illumination 2000Lx, relative moisture 50-70%, changed water once every 2 days, cut off base portion a little, expose new stubble, statistics germination rate after 4 weeks.
Gao Zhihong is in Nanjing method: late November, to early Febuary, is got time sample for 7 days, 12, healthy and strong branch, 20～25cm, branch inserts in 2cm water, puts into culturing room, culturing room's condition: 20 ± 0.5 ℃ of diurnal temperatures, light/dark=12/12h, intensity of illumination 2000Lx, relative moisture 50～70%, water is changed once in 3 days in interval, base portion cuts off a little, exposes new stubble, statistics branch germination rate after 4 weeks.
Above method for measuring, various condition disunities, problem is mainly in sampling position, the time, number of samples, on the indoor conditions of water planting and timing statistics, all each is different, does not have certain unification.There is no certain standard, the method obtaining is all that under local condition, north and south is also inconsistent.For south cultivation peach, must meet its chilling requirement could normally yield positive results, and existing chilling requirement assay method is generally spent under certain conditions needs three weeks or surrounding and just measured result, has time-consuming problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to measure long, the time-consuming problem of required time for conventional method peach chilling requirement, a kind of method of Fast Measurement peach chilling requirement is provided.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of method of Fast Measurement peach chilling requirement, after peach fallen leaves, every 4～5 days, adopt 3～5 of peach current-year branches, long 20～the 30cm of branch, on each peach kind branch, bud leaf bud is respectively no less than 20, branch is 2～3cm in indoor insertion water, every 3 days, cut a peach branch bottom and expose new stubble, every three days, change water cleaning once, 23～25 ℃ of indoor temperature daytimes, 15～17 ℃ of evenings, time is white/black=14/10h, humidity 60～70%, branch intensity of illumination 2500LX, with leaf bud dew top 50% and bud top, burst forth 50% and represent that its bud and leaf bud meet himself chilling requirement, the chilling requirement model being aided with is again added up the chilling requirement of peach, and then determines the chilling requirement of peach.
Chilling requirement model generally has 7.2 ℃ of models, this model be in peach 1 year at 7.2 ℃ the hourage of experience be its chilling requirement numerical value; 0-7.2 ℃ of model, this model is that in 1 year, to need the hourage through 0-7.2 ℃ be its chilling requirement numerical value to peach; Utah model, this model is that a kind of low temperature conversion coefficient that American Richardson uses at Utah, USA represents required chilling requirement numerical value, conversion coefficient table is as follows, in 1.5 ℃ of peach below-2.4 ℃ of temperature, through low temperature, within 1 hour, be only equivalent to the low temperature conversion coefficient 0.5C.U under the model of Utah, all the other by that analogy, add up the chilling requirement of peach, model selection Utah model, and then determine the chilling requirement of peach.
Compared with prior art, useful technique effect of the present invention is:
(1) in the inventive method condition, only need just can add up flowering rate and germination rate in 15 days, within 15 days, just can add up afterwards peach branch germination rate and flowering rate completely and determine the chilling requirement that its chilling requirement represents to meet mensuration, than conventional method required (21～28 days), save 7～13 day time; In addition, conventional process conditions is numerous, the variation of restive various conditions, and the inventive method condition determination is simple, easy and simple to handle.
(2) the present invention only needs just can add up completely afterwards for 15 days peach branch germination rate and flowering rate and comes Quick Measuring to make its chilling requirement, thereby condition is unified on processing in the method for measuring peach chilling requirement, and time and the target that has reached energy-saving and environmental protecting have been saved on this basis.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, those of ordinary skills, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of Fast Measurement peach chilling requirement, after peach fallen leaves, every 4 days, adopt 3 of peach current-year branches, the long 20cm of branch, on each peach kind branch, bud leaf bud is each 20, branch is 2cm in indoor insertion water, every 3 days, cut a peach branch bottom and expose new stubble, every three days, change water cleaning once, 23 ℃ of indoor temperature daytimes, 15 ℃ of evenings, time is white/black=14/10h, humidity 60%, branch intensity of illumination 2500LX, bursts forth 50% with leaf bud dew top 50% and bud top and represents that its bud and leaf bud meet himself chilling requirement.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of Fast Measurement peach chilling requirement, after peach fallen leaves, every 5 days, adopt 4 of peach current-year branches, the long 25cm of branch, on each peach kind branch, bud leaf bud is each 21, branch is 3cm in indoor insertion water, every 3 days, cut a peach branch bottom and expose new stubble, every three days, change water cleaning once, 24 ℃ of indoor temperature daytimes, 16 ℃ of evenings, time is white/black=14/10h, humidity 65%, branch intensity of illumination 2500LX, bursts forth 50% with leaf bud dew top 50% and bud top and represents that its bud and leaf bud meet himself chilling requirement
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of Fast Measurement peach chilling requirement, after peach fallen leaves, every 5 days, adopt 5 of peach current-year branches, the long 30cm of branch, on each peach kind branch, bud leaf bud is each 22, branch is 3cm in indoor insertion water, every 3 days, cut a peach branch bottom and expose new stubble, every three days, change water cleaning once, 25 ℃ of indoor temperature daytimes, 17 ℃ of evenings, time is white/black=14/10h, humidity 70%, branch intensity of illumination 2500LX, bursts forth 50% with leaf bud dew top 50% and bud top and represents that its bud and leaf bud meet himself chilling requirement
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the method for Fast Measurement peach chilling requirement, it is characterized in that, after peach fallen leaves, every 4～5 days, adopt 3～5 of peach current-year branches, long 20～the 30cm of branch, on each peach kind branch, bud leaf bud is respectively no less than 20, branch is 2～3cm in indoor insertion water, every 3 days, cut a peach branch bottom and expose new stubble, every three days, change water cleaning once, 23～25 ℃ of indoor temperature daytimes, 15～17 ℃ of evenings, time is white/black=14/10h, humidity 60～70%, branch intensity of illumination 2500LX, with leaf bud dew top 50% and bud top, burst forth 50% and represent that its bud and leaf bud meet himself chilling requirement, the chilling requirement model being aided with is again added up the chilling requirement of peach, and then determines the chilling requirement of peach.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107027605A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-08-11 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | A kind of method of half live body culture assay cherry chilling requirement |
| CN110622847A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2019-12-31 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Branch culture device for measuring cooling capacity required by peaches |
| CN111487291A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-08-04 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for efficiently evaluating cooling capacity required by peach blossom buds based on electronic nose detection technology |
| CN112067746A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-12-11 | 广西特色作物研究院 | Method for measuring cold demand of peaches by living body |
| CN112913497A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-06-08 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for measuring cooling capacity required by peach blossom buds under facility conditions |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107027605A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-08-11 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | A kind of method of half live body culture assay cherry chilling requirement |
| CN110622847A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2019-12-31 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Branch culture device for measuring cooling capacity required by peaches |
| CN110622847B (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2022-01-28 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Branch culture device for measuring cooling capacity required by peaches |
| CN111487291A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-08-04 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for efficiently evaluating cooling capacity required by peach blossom buds based on electronic nose detection technology |
| CN111487291B (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2022-11-29 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for efficiently evaluating cooling capacity required by peach blossom buds based on electronic nose detection technology |
| CN112067746A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-12-11 | 广西特色作物研究院 | Method for measuring cold demand of peaches by living body |
| CN112913497A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-06-08 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for measuring cooling capacity required by peach blossom buds under facility conditions |
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Application publication date: 20140917 |