CN105850622B - A kind of high temperature leads to the identification method of rice grain infertility - Google Patents
A kind of high temperature leads to the identification method of rice grain infertility Download PDFInfo
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- CN105850622B CN105850622B CN201610278884.6A CN201610278884A CN105850622B CN 105850622 B CN105850622 B CN 105850622B CN 201610278884 A CN201610278884 A CN 201610278884A CN 105850622 B CN105850622 B CN 105850622B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses the identification methods that a kind of high temperature leads to rice grain infertility, including：Growth cabinet humidity is 70%-75%, and the mean daily temperature of high-temperature process is 33.0 DEG C；The daily mean temperature of control treatment is 27.0 DEG C；Rice uses potted plant growth；Selection same period heading is bloomed plant；Using the relatively strong identification of indicator as high temperature resistant kind of high temperature：The average grain husk flower setting percentage of listed tassel blossom is high temperature setting percentage during growth cabinet high-temperature process, and the average setting percentage of the clever flower of single tassel blossom is control setting percentage under growth cabinet controlled temperature.The present invention uses growth cabinet, establishes reasonable temperature identification of indicator, by certain cultivation management measure, screen different thermo-tolerance rice varieties, cultivar identification is provided for rice Climatic regionalization caused by reply climate warming and heat evil evaluates providing method, provides technical support for rice varieties rational deployment and Climatic regionalization damage control.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the identification sides that Rice Cropping technical field more particularly to a kind of high temperature lead to rice grain infertility
Method.
Background technique
Rice is one of important cereal crops in China, and stabilization of rice cultivated area and yield have a very important significance.
Global warming causes crop production season high temperature to take place frequently, more the adding of Rice cropping systems and mode cause rice anthesis with
High temperature season meet and breeding technique progress crop varieties type mostly and updating decision, the high-temperature stability of crop varieties is unknown, high
Warm evil leads to China's cereal crops underproduction, it has also become serious one of the Main Factors for restricting the stable high yield of China cereal crops.
It is influenced by for example extreme high temperature of extreme climate, the stability of Rice Production is caused to decline, increases in grain production increased risk, also directly
Affect the growth of peasant income and the social stability in rural area.To adapt to Rice cropping systems variation, with breeding technique progress, closely
In decades, rice Variety comprehensive rises to 800 or so from more than original 300, and rice varieties are more, updating decision, to kind
High-temperature stability lack research again, usually occur rice large area in production and caused setting percentage decline existing by the influence of high temperature
As causing the not high shakiness of China's rice yield.Because Climatic regionalization loses hundred million kilograms of paddy 100-150, Chongqing City's high temperature in 2002
The combination of the semilate rice such as two line system is endangered, is caused tens of thousands of one seasons of mu, rice Severe Reduction even has no harvest；Yangtze river basin rice region water in 2003
Rice heading season of flowers encounters high temperature, and up to ten million hectare semilate rice setting percentages is caused to decline, and influences serious field setting percentage only 30%,
Also cause national rice be averaged per unit area yield than 2002 decline 2.1%.Southwestern rice region semilate rice encounters high temperature to solid influence every year, makes
Decline at setting percentage.It needs by suitably identifying the featured rice varieties of facility, large area, certain administrative skill and rationally
High temperature identification of indicator establish rice varieties high temperature resistant identification method, provide and answer for layout, the stabilization of rice yield of rice varieties
With support.(1) the problem of identifying facility.Many units are all desirable to set about coping with high temperature from kind, establish kind high temperature resistant mirror
Determine method, but the facility identified mismatches.If any use covered plastic greenhouse, the temperature and humidity in greenhouse is very high, illumination not
Such as natural light, there is certain limitation to the kind identified；Some uses illumination box, due to funds etc., cabinet body
Product is small, can only once place kind 1-2 of identification, be difficult large area and identify rice varieties resistant to high temperature；Some is using certainly
The heating device of system, including glasshouse, pond, water circulation system, automatic temperature control system, heating refrigerating plant；Present apparatus energy
Enough round-the-clock practical growing states in simulated rice crop field, but this device is influenced by ambient temperature, is difficult setting standard
Identification temperature index；Some uses fringe layer heating device, theoretically has certain reference function, but too extensive, does not match
A series of management measure is difficult to identify the upper really kind resistant to high temperature of production.(2) identification of indicator problem.High temperature identification refers to
Temperature index of the heading forward position before more than 30 years, i.e. daily mean temperature >=29 DEG C and >=30 DEG C；Daily maximum temperature >=32 DEG C and >=
35℃.But temperature increases in recent years, and rice has certain adaptability to high temperature, high temperature research temperature originally with present meteorology
Temperature and breeding level are incompatible.It can be found everywhere in temperature of the summer rice growth period higher than 35 degree, but to paddy growth
It influences little.(3) rice cultivation management method resistant to high temperature.
There is the facility of identification not in the identification method of existing rice grain infertility, temperature and humidity is very high, illumination is not so good as certainly
Right light, illumination box box volume is small, is difficult large area and identifies rice varieties resistant to high temperature, is influenced by ambient temperature
Greatly；Identification of indicator continues to use the temperature index before more than 30 years, incompatible with present meteorological temperature and breeding level；There is presently no
A whole set of identifies cultivation management method for rice varieties high temperature resistant.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide the identification methods that a kind of high temperature leads to rice grain infertility, become for global climate
Warm, phenomena such as Rice Cropping season and method transformation, variety type is more, kind heat-resistant quality is unknown, Rice Production is commonly encountered out
It spends solid period high temperature that seed setting rate is caused to decline, leads to the rice underproduction.However, rice anthesis Climatic regionalization causes seed
The facility that the identification method of infertility has identification is not complete, and identification is affected by the external environment big.Identification of indicator continues to use temperature many years ago
Index is spent, it is incompatible with present meteorological temperature and kind thermal level.There is presently no a whole set of to be directed to the resistance to height of rice varieties
The problems such as temperature identification cultivation management method.
The invention is realized in this way a kind of high temperature leads to the identification method of rice grain infertility, the high temperature leads to water
The identification method of rice seed infertility includes the following steps：
Step 1, growth cabinet humidity are 70%-75%, and the temperature of high-temperature process is 7：00-9：00 is 32.5 DEG C, 9：
00-14：00 is 38 DEG C, 14：00-16：00 be 36.5 DEG C, 16：00- next day 7：00 is 31.0 DEG C, and mean daily temperature is 33.0 DEG C；
The temperature design of control treatment is 7：00-9：00 is 26.5 DEG C, 9：00-14：00 is 32 DEG C, 14：00-16：00 for 30.5 DEG C,
16：00- next day 7：00 is 25 DEG C, and daily mean temperature is 27.0 DEG C.
Step 2, Rice Cropping use potting, rice seed soaking, vernalization, transplanted using dry rice seedling rice shoot, after 20-25 days to
In special high temperature planting pot；Plantation growth consistent rice shoot 2 clumps, this double plantation；
Step 3, tiller consistency treatment guarantee that same period heading is bloomed：：Effective tillering latter stage is using the side for manually removing tiller
Method, 6 big tillers of the same size of every clump of reservation ensure that rice difference stem tiller tassel blossom is eared simultaneously and bloom；Single fringe is listed：It opens
Florescence moves into heading more neat pot rice growth cabinet high-temperature process 3 days, and pot rice moves into the people of high-temperature process
Before work climate box, be listed record high-temperature process fringe, cuts off the grain husk flower opened, it is ensured that duration of flowering is met with high temperature；At high temperature
After reason, the spike length degree bloomed in high-temperature process period is measured downwards from fringe top, and plant is put into the artificial of control CKT
Climate box.Single fringe is listed mainly to guarantee that the fringe can be in full heading time positive value high temperature.
Step 4, using the relatively strong identification of indicator as high temperature resistant kind of high temperature：During growth cabinet high-temperature process
The average grain husk flower setting percentage of listed tassel blossom is high temperature setting percentage, and the grain husk flower of single tassel blossom is flat under growth cabinet controlled temperature
Equal setting percentage is control setting percentage.Use high temperature relative setting rate as identification of indicator can eliminate rice varieties between seed setting rate it is poor
It is different.
Further, the growth cabinet surrounding uses ultrawhite tempered glass, and the temperature difference range is ± 0.5 DEG C in climate box,
Illumination is extraneous natural lighting, guarantees that growth cabinet illumination is consistent with natural lighting, and qualification result is more acurrate, more real in production
With.
Further, the high temperature causes the temperature index of the identification method of rice grain infertility for maximum temperature for three days on end
At >=38 DEG C, daily high-temperature duration >=5 hour continue 3 days.It is consistent with the high ambient temperature duration.
Further, the every basin dress uniform dry ground 10kg of sieving of the planting pot, ensures rice plant normal growth.
Further, described using high temperature relative setting rate as major diagnostic and graded index, calculation formula is：High-temperature-phase is to knot
Real rate (HRFR)=high temperature setting percentage/control (CKT) setting percentage × 100%.
Further, 3 ranks are arranged in the rice varieties patience criteria for classifying, rice varieties patience, and high temperature is relatively strong
Rate >=75% is heat resistant type kind；55%≤high temperature relative setting rate < 75% is intermediate variety；55% < high-temperature-phase is to knot
Real rate is intolerant to heat type kind.
High temperature provided by the invention leads to the identification method of rice grain infertility, using this temperature mould of growth cabinet
Formula, it is close with the temperature change of natural environment, qualification result with naturally unanimously；It takes place frequently for high temperature during China's Rice Flowering,
Rice grain infertility, setting percentage is caused to decline, yield reduction, quality variation, using reasonable warm by growth cabinet, foundation
It spends identification of indicator, by certain cultivation management measure, screens different thermo-tolerance rice varieties, be reply climate warming to drawing
The rice Climatic regionalization risen provides cultivar identification and heat evil evaluates providing method.For rice varieties rational deployment and Climatic regionalization calamity
Evil prevention and control provide technical support.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the identification method flow chart that high temperature provided in an embodiment of the present invention leads to rice grain infertility.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Application principle of the invention is explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, the high temperature of the embodiment of the present invention causes the identification method of rice grain infertility to include the following steps：
S101：Growth cabinet humidity is 70%-75%, and the temperature of high-temperature process is 7：00-9：00 is 32.5 DEG C, 9：
00-14：00 is 38 DEG C, 14：00-16：00 be 36.5 DEG C, 16：00- next day 7：00 is 31.0 DEG C, and mean daily temperature is 33.0 DEG C；
The temperature design of control treatment is 7：00-9：00 is 26.5 DEG C, 9：00-14：00 is 32 DEG C, 14：00-16：00 for 30.5 DEG C,
16：00- next day 7：00 is 25 DEG C, and daily mean temperature is 27.0 DEG C；
S102：Rice Cropping uses potting, the generally long 22cm of planting pot, wide 20cm, 22 centimetres high, soaks according to a conventional method
Kind, vernalization, using dry rice seedling rice shoot, transplanting is into special high temperature planting pot after 20-25 days；The every basin dress sieving of planting pot is uniform
Dry ground 10kg, plantation growth consistent rice shoot 2 clumps, this double plantation；
S103：Tiller consistency treatment guarantees that same period heading is bloomed：：Effective tillering latter stage uses the method for manually removing tiller,
6 big tillers of the same size of every clump of reservation ensure that rice difference stem tiller tassel blossom is eared simultaneously and bloom；Single fringe is listed：It blooms
Phase moves into heading more neat pot rice growth cabinet high-temperature process 3 days, and pot rice moves into the artificial of high-temperature process
Before climate box, be listed record high-temperature process fringe, cuts off the grain husk flower opened, it is ensured that duration of flowering is met with high temperature；High-temperature process
After, measure the spike length degree bloomed in high-temperature process period downwards from fringe top, and plant is put into the artificial gas of control CKT
Wait case.Single fringe is listed mainly to guarantee that the fringe can be in full heading time positive value high temperature；
S104：Using the relatively strong identification of indicator as high temperature resistant kind of high temperature：It is hung during growth cabinet high-temperature process
The average grain husk flower setting percentage of board tassel blossom is high temperature setting percentage, and the grain husk flower of single tassel blossom is averaged under growth cabinet controlled temperature
Setting percentage is control setting percentage；
S105：The rice varieties patience criteria for classifying, rice varieties patience 3 ranks of setting, high temperature relative setting rate >=
75% is heat resistant type kind；55%≤high temperature relative setting rate < 75% is intermediate variety；55% < high temperature relative setting rate
For intolerant to heat type kind.
Application principle of the invention is further described combined with specific embodiments below.
1, identification apparatus.2 square metres or more of growth cabinet be it is intelligent, surrounding use ultrawhite tempered glass, maintain
Illumination is consistent with extraneous natural lighting, has the wet function of automatic temperature changing control, and the temperature difference range is ± 0.5 DEG C in climate box, meets examination
Test requirement.Humidity is 70%-75% in climate box during processing, and illumination is extraneous natural lighting.
2, temperature index.When maximum temperature >=38 DEG C or mean temperature >=33 DEG C for three days on end, daily high-temperature duration >=
5 hours, continue 3 days.
3, high temperature is arranged.Growth cabinet humidity is 70%-75%, and the temperature of high-temperature process is 7：00-9：00 is 32.5
℃,9：00-14：00 is 38 DEG C, 14：00-16：00 be 36.5 DEG C, 16：00- next day 7：00 is 31.0 DEG C, and mean daily temperature is
33.0℃.The temperature design of control treatment is 7：00-9：00 is 26.5 DEG C, 9：00-14：00 is 32 DEG C, 14：00-16：00 is
30.5℃,16：00- next day 7：00 is 25 DEG C, and daily mean temperature is 27.0 DEG C.
4, implantation methods.Rice Cropping uses potting, the generally long 22cm of planting pot, wide 20cm, 22 centimetres high, routinely side
Method seed soaking, vernalization, using dry rice seedling rice shoot, transplanting is into special high temperature planting pot after 20-25 days；The every basin dress sieving of planting pot
Uniform dry ground 10kg, plantation growth consistent rice shoot 2 clumps, this double plantation；
5, the same period heading bloom plant selection.(1) tiller consistency treatment：Effective tillering latter stage is using the side for manually removing tiller
Method, 6 big tillers of the same size of every clump of reservation, it is therefore an objective to keep the tassel full heading time retained relatively uniform；(2) single fringe is hung
Board：Florescence (tassel extracts pulvinus 2-5cm long out), the more neat pot rice that will ear move into growth cabinet high-temperature process 3
It, before pot rice moves into the growth cabinet of high-temperature process, be listed record high-temperature process fringe, cuts off the grain husk flower opened.It is high
Warm after treatment measures downwards the spike length degree bloomed in high-temperature process period from fringe top, and plant is put into controlled temperature
(CKT) growth cabinet.6, using the relatively strong identification of indicator as high temperature resistant kind of high temperature：Growth cabinet high-temperature process
The average grain husk flower setting percentage of period listed tassel blossom is high temperature setting percentage, the clever flower of single tassel blossom under growth cabinet controlled temperature
Average setting percentage be control setting percentage.Using high temperature relative setting rate as major diagnostic and graded index, calculation formula is：High temperature
Relative setting rate (HRFR)=high temperature setting percentage/control (CKT) setting percentage × 100%.
7, the rice varieties patience criteria for classifying.3 ranks are arranged in rice varieties patience, and high temperature relative setting rate >=75% is
Heat resistant type kind；55%≤high temperature relative setting rate < 75% is intermediate variety；55% < high temperature relative setting rate be intolerant to
Heat type kind.
Application effect of the invention is explained in detail combined with specific embodiments below.
Example：
Rice varieties high temperature identifies (test site within 2013：China Paddy Rice Inst Fuyang proving ground)
1. experimental cultivar：40
2, growth cabinet 4.3.6 square metres of intelligent growth cabinet 4,2 high-temperature process, at 2 controls
Reason.Surrounding uses ultrawhite tempered glass, maintains illumination consistent with extraneous natural lighting, has the wet function of automatic temperature changing control, weather
The temperature difference range is ± 0.5 DEG C in case, Pass Test requirement.Humidity is 70%-75% in climate box during processing, and illumination is the external world
Natural lighting.
3, time temperature and humidity is arranged
| Growth cabinet | Mean temperature (DEG C) | 7-9(℃) | 9-14(℃) | 14-16(℃) | 16-7(℃) | Relative humidity (%) |
| 1(CKT) | 27.0 | 28.5 | 32 | 28.5 | 25 | 70-75 |
| 2 | 33.0 | 34.5 | 38 | 34.5 | 31 | 70-75 |
4, seedling.Using plate seedling raising, seedling disk 58cm*28cm, each kind broadcasts 6g, and every disk broadcasts 5 kinds, leaching on May 26
Kind, 28 vernalization in May, sowing on May 29, sowing on June 22
5, it plants.Test is using the high 22cm of planting pot, wide 20cm, 22 centimetres high, every basin dress sieving uniform soil 6kg.Every basin
Plantation growth consistent rice shoot 2 clumps.Each kind plants 6 basins, amounts to basin number：40*6=240 basin
6, tiller is handled.Effective tillering latter stage, every clump retained 6 big point of the same size using the method for manually removing tiller
Tiller, it is therefore an objective to keep the tassel full heading time retained relatively uniform；
7, high-temperature process.Florescence will be grown on the rice strain of outdoor neat and consistent (50% tassel blossom, other are in the ear)
In in 8 points of immigration growth cabinets in morning, subtracting the grain husk flower opened before immigration, 3 basins move into high-temperature processing case, and 3 basins are placed on pair
According to case, after processing 3 days, when high-temperature cabinet processing is taken out, length of blooming in high-temperature process period is measured downwards from fringe top, and be listed
The whole potted plants of high-temperature cabinet processing are put back to control case by record.
8, the identification of indicator of high temperature resistant kind.Setting percentage is investigated, control every clump takes 3-5 listed tassels, and high temperature every clump takes
3-5 listed tassels.The average grain husk flower setting percentage of listed tassel blossom is high temperature setting percentage, people during growth cabinet high-temperature process
The average setting percentage of the grain husk flower of single tassel blossom is control setting percentage under work climate box controlled temperature.Based on high temperature relative setting rate
It identifies and graded index, calculation formula is：High temperature relative setting rate (HRFR)=high temperature setting percentage/control (CKT) setting percentage
× 100%.
9,40 rice varieties heat-resisting quantity qualification results
High temperature relative setting rate >=75% heat resistant type kind 7；55%≤high temperature relative setting rate < 75% is osculant
Kind 14；55% < high temperature relative setting rate is intolerant to heat type kind 19.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (1)
1. the identification method that a kind of high temperature leads to rice grain infertility, which is characterized in that the high temperature causes rice grain sterile
Identification method include the following steps：
Step 1, growth cabinet humidity are 70%-75%, and the temperature of high-temperature process is 7：00-9：00 is 32.5 DEG C, 9：00-
14：00 is 38 DEG C, 14：00-16：00 be 36.5 DEG C, 16：00- next day 7：00 is 31.0 DEG C, and mean daily temperature is 33.0 DEG C；It is right
Temperature design according to processing is 7：00-9：00 is 26.5 DEG C, 9：00-14：00 is 32 DEG C, 14：00-16：00 is 30.5 DEG C, 16：
00- next day 7：00 is 25 DEG C, and daily mean temperature is 27.0 DEG C；
Step 2, Rice Cropping use potting, and rice seed soaking, vernalization are transplanted after 20-25 days to special using dry rice seedling rice shoot
High temperature planting pot in；Plantation growth consistent rice shoot 2 clumps, this double plantation；
Step 3, tiller consistency treatment guarantee that same period heading is bloomed：Effective tillering latter stage uses the method for manually removing tiller, often
Clump retains 6 big tillers of the same size；Single fringe is listed：The pot rice immigration growth cabinet that florescence will ear more neat
High-temperature process 3 days, before pot rice moves into the growth cabinet of high-temperature process, be listed record high-temperature process fringe, cuts off and has opened
Grain husk flower；After high-temperature process, the spike length degree bloomed in high-temperature process period is measured downwards from fringe top, and plant is put into
The growth cabinet of controlled temperature；
Step 4, using high temperature relative setting rate as the identification of indicator of high temperature resistant kind：It is hung during growth cabinet high-temperature process
The average grain husk flower setting percentage of board tassel blossom is high temperature setting percentage, and the grain husk flower of single tassel blossom is averaged under growth cabinet controlled temperature
Setting percentage is control setting percentage；Using high temperature relative setting rate as major diagnostic and graded index, calculation formula is：High-temperature-phase is to knot
Real rate=high temperature setting percentage/control setting percentage × 100%；
3 ranks are arranged in the rice varieties patience criteria for classifying, rice varieties patience, and high temperature relative setting rate >=75% is resistance to
Heat type kind；55%≤high temperature relative setting rate < 75% is intermediate variety；55% < high temperature relative setting rate is thermo-labile
Type kind；
The growth cabinet surrounding uses ultrawhite tempered glass, and the temperature difference range is ± 0.5 DEG C in climate box, humidity 70%-
75%, illumination is extraneous natural lighting；
The high temperature cause the identification method of rice grain infertility temperature index be for three days on end maximum temperature >=38 DEG C when or it is flat
Equal temperature >=33 DEG C, daily high-temperature duration >=5 hour continue 3 days；
The uniform dry ground 10kg of the every basin dress sieving of planting pot.
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| CN107047160B (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2020-03-27 | 湖南省水稻研究所 | Identification method of high-temperature-resistant rice and application of high-temperature-resistant rice in breeding |
| CN110338012A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2019-10-18 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | A method of rice heat resistance is identified using auto temperature controlled system |
| CN110378589B (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2023-08-25 | 长江大学 | Identification method for rice high-temperature induced maturity tolerance |
| CN112161916A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-01 | 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 | Identification and evaluation method of high-temperature drought-resistant rice variety |
| CN113728828A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-12-03 | 袁隆平农业高科技股份有限公司 | Method for identifying heat resistance and cold resistance of rice |
| CN115053771A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-16 | 福建省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Identification method for rice grain sterility caused by high temperature |
| CN115399208A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-11-29 | 西南大学 | Method for identifying heat resistance of rice in flowering phase at high temperature region |
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