CN102487771A - Heading stage high-temperature resistance identifying method for rice variety - Google Patents
Heading stage high-temperature resistance identifying method for rice variety Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a heading period high-temperature resistance identifying method for a rice variety. The method comprises the following steps of: selecting the rice variety for heading period high-temperature resistance identification as a rice sample to be identified; planting the rice sample to be identified before a perennial high-temperature period, and performing short illumination treatment on the rice sample to be identified, so that the rice sample to be identified is relatively consistently headed to receive natural high temperature at the perennial high-temperature period; and identifying the heading period high-temperature resistance of the rice variety. Based on the growth law of rice and the principle that the growth period of the rice is advanced by artificially shaded short illumination treatment, the rice sample to be identified is relatively consistently headed to receive natural high temperature at the target high-temperature season, and identification of the heading period high-temperature resistance of multiple test varieties is ensured, so that a reference is provided for breeding of good varieties, reliable guarantee is provided for stability of the bred varieties in production and application, and the method has significance for national food safety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to belong to agricultural biological technical field, particularly, relate to a kind of rice varieties heat-resisting quantity at heading stage authentication method.
Background technology
The growing process of paddy rice can be divided into vegetative growth phase and two periods of reproductive stage.Begin to ear differentiation from seed germination, grow this period root, stem, leaf are called vegetative growth phase; Ear differentiation is to heading, and this, children's ear stem leaf was grown simultaneously in period, is to nourish and grow and reproductive growth is gone forward side by side period; Bloom after the heading and pollinate and seed grouting, solid, be called reproductive stage; Have between the different growth stage interknit, the relation of mutual restriction.The paddy rice reproductive stage comprises jointing-booting stage, full heading time and grouting productive phase.Jointing-booting stage is meant that ear differentiation begins generally to need about one month till grow fringe; Full heading time is meant that spike of rice is retracted in the stem sheath of top and blooms Qi Sui during this period of time, general 5-7 days; The productive phase of being in the milk, be meant the period that arrives the grain maturation after spike of rice is bloomed, and can be divided into milk ripe stage, ripening stage and full ripening stage again.
China's Rice Production regular meeting often runs into fringe phase high temperature, causes ripening rate to decline to a great extent, and causes to drop in production over a large area.Because it is the most responsive to temperature that rice growth has certain preference temperature scope, particularly heading flowering period.Be higher than 32 ℃ if run into average daily temperature in the fringe phase, a day maximum temperature is higher than 35 ℃ hot weather, and paddy rice heading flowering will be affected; Cause development of floral organs incomplete; Pollen development is bad, and vigor descends, paddy rice bloom loose powder with pollen tube extension be obstructed; Cause the bad formation unfilled gtains of to be fertilized or to be fertilized, thereby cause rice yield and quality to descend.
Having the sensitivity differences to fringe phase high temperature between different rice varieties, select the strong rice varieties of fringe phase heat-resisting ability, is a cost-effective approach that ensures Rice Production safety.Because the reaction of the light temperature of kind is different, the kind planting area is different; Same kind is everlasting and summer of different year or same time different regions is run into high temperature at heading stage, in the production normal because different cultivars to heading stage high temperature susceptibility difference cause loss in various degree.And if large-area applications causes inestimable loss through the megathermal climate test regular meeting of reality later on again on producing, cause great harm for national food safety, the peasant is caused great economic loss.Still do not have at present the controlled method of a kind of economy and facility in same place contemporaneity identify the method for rice varieties fringe phase heat-resisting ability in enormous quantities, it is very necessary therefore the heat-resisting quantity at heading stage of rice varieties being identified and being invented the controlled reliable method of a kind of economy and facility.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the present invention will solve is: the problem to above-mentioned existence provides a kind of rice varieties heat-resisting quantity at heading stage authentication method that can utilize natural conditions to identify rice varieties heat-resisting quantity at heading stage.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopted is: a kind of rice varieties heat-resisting quantity at heading stage authentication method is provided, comprises the steps: step 1: select the rice varieties conduct high, that have the authorization potentiality of proterties degree of stability to carry out the paddy rice sample to be identified that heading stage, heat-resisting quantity was identified; Step 2: because paddy rice is a short day crop; Therefore artificial shading short-day is handled has facilitation to the paddy rice heading; The promotion rate of light to growth period duration of rice lacked in photosensitivity, response to temperature and the combination of basic nutrition growth property according to rice growth has; Throughout the year planting paddy rice sample to be identified before the megathermal period, then paddy rice sample to be identified is lacked light treatment, make paddy rice sample to be identified megathermal period throughout the year consistent relatively ear accept natural high-temperature; Step 3:, identify the heat-resisting quantity at heading stage of carrying out the rice varieties that heat-resisting quantity is identified at heading stage according to the spike of rice sterile grain rate of paddy rice sample to be identified after its grouting solid (complete ripeness).
Rice varieties heat-resisting quantity at heading stage authentication method of the present invention is handled paddy rice sample to be identified through artificial shading short-day; Utilize artificial shading short-day to handle the principle that promotes that growth period duration of rice shifts to an earlier date; Select suitable sowing time and light temperature processing time; Make to supply booting stage, heading stage and the pustulation period of examination material all to be in the 7-8 megathermal period month, and according to the spike of rice ripening rate that supplies the examination material or spike of rice sterile grain rate (ghost rate) difference heat-resisting quantity at clear and definite its at corresponding heading stage.Because paddy rice sample to be identified is eared under the summer high temperature condition; Therefore can utilize the high temperature under the natural conditions that the paddy rice sample fringe phase to be identified is caused the solid influence in various degree of fertilization, the sterile grain rate of each kind of counting is the strong rice varieties of index screening heading stage heat-resisting quantity with full ripening stage.
The cardinal principle of rice varieties heat-resisting quantity at heading stage authentication method is:
1, paddy rice is a short day crop, has photosensitivity, promptly at the photo stage of paddy rice, requires the sunshine below 12 hours.Within the specific limits, the sunshine time is short more, and interlunation is long more, and the photo stage time is just short more, and full heading time also just more early.This patent is handled mensuration kind photosensitivity technology to the artificial shading short-day of rice varieties and is applied in the heat-resisting quantity evaluation at heading stage; Promptly handle supplying the examination material to carry out artificial shading short-day; Confession examination material is concentrated on relatively is easy to receive the target of temperatures involved to ear season; Thereby examination supplies the sterile grain rate of examination material in full ripening stage, identifies fringe phase heat-resisting quantity.
2, utilize rice varieties children fringe to grow and the spike of rice pollination is solid and grouting to the difference that requires of temperature.
3, utilize the heading time difference of rice varieties master fringe and tillering tassel.
4, paddy fields territory summer high temperature frequently occurs, thereby can utilize the 7-8 month summer high temperature in the natural environment to realize identifying the required high temperature at heading stage of rice varieties season, thereby identifies the fringe phase heat-resisting quantity of paddy rice sample; Growing environment is actual near producing, and does not need valuable instrument and equipment, and operability and controllability are strong; Can supply has a try, and to test material more; Appraisal cost is low, and good reliability has improved evaluation reliability and efficient greatly; To the stable high yield of new varieties with apply and be significant energy-conservation, low consumption, efficient.
The present invention utilizes above-mentioned principle, through the rice varieties of supply identifying is lacked light treatment, impel paddy rice sample to be identified the target high temperature season consistent relatively ear accept natural high-temperature, guarantee the fringe phase heat-resisting quantity of more a plurality of kinds is identified and compared.
In order to obtain paddy rice sample to be identified at the actual megathermal period temperature data that is experienced at heading stage, in step 2, begin from short light treatment, paddy rice sample to be identified is carried out field temperature tracking and measuring record; Particularly; Field laying temperature recorder at plantation paddy rice sample to be identified; And for referencial use with local meteorological data, paddy rice sample to be identified is carried out field temperature tracking and measuring record, thereby as the important parameter of estimating paddy rice sample heat-resisting quantity at heading stage to be identified.
Preferably, in step 2, planted paddy rice sample to be identified in preceding 70 to 80 days in megathermal period arriving throughout the year; , paddy rice sample to be identified lacks light treatment after planting back 20 days; Short light treatment 15 to 18 days;, paddy rice sample jointing-booting stage to be identified stops after beginning; Can make paddy rice sample to be identified booting stage, heading stage and pustulation period all be in the megathermal period of the 7-8 month like this, thereby can more accurately draw the heat-resisting quantity at heading stage of paddy rice sample to be identified.
For the end product that can identify with reference to rice varieties heat-resisting quantity at heading stage quantitatively; So that the paddy rice that heat-resisting quantity is strong is as the stable high yield rice varieties; In step 3, paddy rice sample to be identified (is being spent) behind its complete ripeness examination spike of rice sterile grain rate eventually back more than 20 days; At last; With the heat-resisting quantity at heading stage of paddy rice sample to be identified be divided into by force, in, weak three types; The heat-resisting quantity at heading stage of the paddy rice sample to be identified of all spike of rice sterile grain rate≤20% is strong; Have at least fringe spike of rice sterile grain rate＞20% and≤during the heat-resisting quantity at heading stage of 60% paddy rice sample to be identified is, a little less than the heat-resisting quantity at heading stage that has the paddy rice sample to be identified of fringe spike of rice sterile grain rate＞60% at least is.
Preferably, in step 2, be planted in the land for growing field crops to paddy rice sample to be identified; Apply to the short light treatment of artificial shading to the arch shed structure of green house of vegetables, build the high 160cm of canopy, wide 540cm; Length is confirmed short day processing canopy of length (length can reach more than the 1000cm) according to material quantity needs to be identified; Require to cover processing with gobo according to short light treatment, therefore paddy rice sample to be identified is carrying out near in the actual Rice Production planting environment, makes the experimental enviroment of embodiment of the present invention more approach to produce actual; Increased confession examination material quantity again, saved the basin alms bowl, test effect is more accurate, efficient is higher.
Processing method during the short-and-medium light treatment of this patent: began in about 20 days to handle from paddy rice sample plantation to be identified (transplanting) back; 16 coverings every afternoon gobo; 8 of the next mornings open gobo; Make paddy rice sample to be identified only accept 8 hours sunshine every day, after jointing-booting stage begins, stop.Short-day processing to paddy rice sample to be identified generally need make paddy rice sample to be identified accept 8 to 10 hours sunshine; Concrete sunshine time point can generally select 8 o'clock to 16 o'clock bigger time periods of intensity of sunshine to lack light treatment according to the actual arrangement of working condition.
Further, in step 1, when selecting paddy rice sample to be identified, select corresponding heading stage heat-resisting quantity for strong, in, weak three contrast rice varieties (or material); In step 2, in plantation paddy rice sample to be identified, plantation contrast rice varieties (or material) under identical planting conditions; In step 3; Investigate the spike of rice sterile grain rate of paddy rice sample to be identified and contrast rice varieties (or material) in heading grouting back; Paddy rice sample to be identified and contrast rice varieties (or material) are compared; The spike of rice sterile grain rate of guaranteeing last examination can reflect the heat-resisting quantity at heading stage of rice varieties, and does not receive the influence of other natural causes.
Compared with prior art; Rice varieties heat-resisting quantity at heading stage authentication method provided by the invention utilizes the paddy growth rule; Utilize artificial shading short-day to handle the principle that promotes that growth period duration of rice shifts to an earlier date; Impel paddy rice sample to be identified at the consistent consistent relatively natural high-temperature of acceptance of earing of target high temperature season, supply booting stage, heading stage and the pustulation period of examination material all to be in the 7-8 megathermal period month under the natural conditions, guarantee the fringe phase heat-resisting quantity of more kind is identified; Thereby reference is provided for the seed selection of improved seeds; And reliable assurance is provided for the yield stability of improved variety in production application, thus make that can access heat-resisting quantity at heading stage rice varieties good, stable high yield after the embodiment of the present invention carries out popularizing planting, significant to national food safety.
Embodiment
Embodiment: rice varieties heat-resisting quantity at the heading stage authentication method in the present embodiment comprises the steps:
Step 1: paddy rice choice of sample to be identified.Selection is carried out the rice varieties of heat-resisting quantity evaluation at heading stage as paddy rice sample to be identified; Stable according to proterties, heat-resisting quantity strong, have condition such as authorization potentiality confirms, and 3 rice varieties (or material) conduct of choosing a little less than heat-resisting quantity was respectively by force, neutralize heading stage contrasts the paddy rice sample.
Step 2: utilizing paddy rice is the facilitation that short day crop and the processing of artificial shading short-day are eared to paddy rice, plants paddy rice sample to be identified and contrasts paddy rice sample, every mu of seeding quantity 10kg in 70-80 days before the megathermal period throughout the year; Cultivate short strong seedling, 20 days length of time rice seedlings grow transplanted, all three clumps of every article; Every clump of 5-6 originally; Density 30-30cm, line space 33cm adopts the high-yield culture technique cultivation.
Plantation (transplantings) back 20 days to paddy rice sample to be identified with contrast the paddy rice sample and lack light treatment; Be to cover gobo 16 of every afternoons; 8 of the next mornings open gobo, make paddy rice sample to be identified only accept 8 hours sunshine every day, handled 15-18 days; Stop after waiting to supply the identification of species jointing-booting stage to begin, make paddy rice sample to be identified long-term megathermal period consistent relatively ear accept natural high-temperature.
Handling beginning from short light, place the DSR-THEXT temp. and humidity recorder of ZOGLAB company in the field, is foundation with recorder record temperature, for referencial use with local meteorological data.
In the present embodiment; Supplying the examination material directly to be seeded in the land for growing field crops; Apply to artificial shading to the arch shed structure of green house of vegetables and handled in short day, build the high 160cm of canopy, wide 540cm; Length can reach short day processing canopy of 1000cm above (can confirm its length according to confession expert evidence quantity), covers according to test requirements document with gobo and handles.
Step 3:, identify the heat-resisting quantity at heading stage of carrying out the rice varieties that heat-resisting quantity is identified at heading stage according to paddy rice sample to be identified and the spike of rice sterile grain rate of contrast paddy rice sample after its grouting solid (complete ripeness).
At first after supplying the expert evidence complete ripeness, examine or check the sterile grain rate of each material to be identified.Then to the discriminating of rice varieties fringe phase heat-resisting quantity.With each paddy rice sample megathermal period heading sterile grain rate to be identified is index; Carry out comparing between kind and of the comparison of each kind with contrast paddy rice sample; With each identification of species fringe phase heat-resisting quantity and lower temperature resistance be divided into respectively by force, in, weak three types, all spike of rice sterile grain rates≤20% is strong, have at least fringe sterile grain rate＞20% and≤60% do; A little less than having at least a fringe sterile grain rate＞60% to be, and combine moisture recorder data and local meteorological condition to carry out analysis-by-synthesis.
Claims (10)
1. rice varieties heat-resisting quantity at a heading stage authentication method is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step 1: select the rice varieties conduct high, that have the authorization potentiality of proterties degree of stability to carry out the paddy rice sample to be identified that heading stage, heat-resisting quantity was identified;
Step 2: handle facilitation to the paddy rice heading according to artificial shading short-day; Before the megathermal period throughout the year, plant paddy rice sample to be identified; Then paddy rice sample to be identified is lacked light treatment, make paddy rice sample to be identified long-term megathermal period consistent relatively ear accept natural high-temperature;
Step 3:, identify the heat-resisting quantity at heading stage of rice varieties according to the spike of rice sterile grain rate of paddy rice sample to be identified after its grouting is solid.
2. rice varieties heat-resisting quantity at heading stage authentication method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step 2, begin from short light treatment, paddy rice sample to be identified is carried out field temperature tracking and measuring record.
3. rice varieties heat-resisting quantity at heading stage authentication method according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: in step 2; Field laying temperature recorder at plantation paddy rice sample to be identified; And for referencial use with local meteorological data, paddy rice sample to be identified is carried out field temperature tracking and measuring record.
4. according to each described rice varieties heat-resisting quantity at heading stage authentication method in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: in step 2, planted paddy rice sample to be identified in preceding 70 to 80 days in megathermal period arriving throughout the year.
5. according to each described rice varieties heat-resisting quantity at heading stage authentication method in the claim 1 to 4; It is characterized in that: in step 2; Paddy rice sample to be identified is planted after back 20 days and is lacked light treatment; Short light treatment 15 to 18 days stops after paddy rice sample jointing-booting stage to be identified begins.
6. according to each described rice varieties heat-resisting quantity at heading stage authentication method in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: in step 3, paddy rice sample to be identified is examined or check the spike of rice sterile grain rate behind its complete ripeness.
7. according to each described rice varieties heat-resisting quantity at heading stage authentication method in the claim 1 to 6; It is characterized in that: in step 3; With the heat-resisting quantity at heading stage of paddy rice sample to be identified be divided into by force, in, weak three types; The heat-resisting quantity at heading stage of the paddy rice sample to be identified of all spike of rice sterile grain rate≤20% of expert evidence is strong; Have at least fringe spike of rice sterile grain rate＞20% and≤during the heat-resisting quantity at heading stage of 60% paddy rice sample to be identified is, a little less than the heat-resisting quantity at heading stage that has the paddy rice sample to be identified of fringe spike of rice sterile grain rate＞60% at least is.
8. according to each described rice varieties heat-resisting quantity at heading stage authentication method in the claim 1 to 7; It is characterized in that: in step 2, be planted in the land for growing field crops to paddy rice sample to be identified, apply to the short light treatment of artificial shading to the arch shed structure of green house of vegetables; Build the high 160cm of canopy; Wide 540cm, length is confirmed short day processing canopy of length to require to cover processing with gobo according to short light treatment according to material quantity needs to be identified.
9. according to each described rice varieties heat-resisting quantity at heading stage authentication method in the claim 1 to 8; It is characterized in that: in step 2; 16 coverings every afternoon gobo; 8 of the next mornings open gobo, make paddy rice sample to be identified only accept 8 hours sunshine every day, after jointing-booting stage begins, stop.
10. according to each described rice varieties heat-resisting quantity at heading stage authentication method in the claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that: in step 1, when selecting paddy rice sample to be identified, select corresponding contrast rice varieties;
In step 2, in plantation paddy rice sample to be identified, plantation contrast rice varieties under identical planting conditions;
In step 3, investigate the spike of rice sterile grain rate of contrast rice varieties in heading grouting back, paddy rice sample to be identified and contrast rice varieties are compared.
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| CN103329764A (en) * | 2013-04-06 | 2013-10-02 | 李尚喜 | Short light sunshine control measure for flowering phases of sunny sides of fruit trees |
| CN103782858A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-05-14 | 宜春学院 | System for authenticating rice high-temperature seed setting performance through artificial warming |
| CN103814763A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-05-28 | 宜春学院 | Method and device for authenticating high-temperature fecundity of rice through artificial temperature rise under open conditions |
| CN103918516A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-07-16 | 宜春学院 | Method for identifying high temperature resistance of rice during heading period |
| CN105145214A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-12-16 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Paddy rice heatproof breed ear period selecting method |
| CN103828666B (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2016-02-24 | 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 | The field identification method of rice varieties heat-resisting quantity in flowering stage |
| CN105359815A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-03-02 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Method for identifying cold resistance of cotton in germination period |
| CN105532394A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-05-04 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Method for screening rice heat-resisting variety by using white root number in seedling stage |
| CN105794508A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-07-27 | 江西农业大学 | Simple method for quickly screening out cold-tolerance rice varieties |
| CN105850622A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-08-17 | 中国水稻研究所 | Identification method for rice grain sterility caused by high temperatures |
| CN106212136A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-14 | 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 | A kind of rice varieties top soil ability authentication method |
| CN106386216A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-02-15 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Heat resistance identification method of new wheat varieties and special temperature control shed |
| CN107047160A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-08-18 | 湖南省水稻研究所 | A kind of authentication method of high temperature resistant paddy rice and its application in breeding |
| CN111802192A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-23 | 江西农业大学 | Quantification method for evaluating heat resistance of rice germplasms with different genotypes in grouting period |
| CN112369322A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-19 | 安徽荃银高科种业股份有限公司 | Method for identifying high-quality rice variety in high-temperature period by using alkali elimination value |
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| CN103782858A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-05-14 | 宜春学院 | System for authenticating rice high-temperature seed setting performance through artificial warming |
| CN103814763A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-05-28 | 宜春学院 | Method and device for authenticating high-temperature fecundity of rice through artificial temperature rise under open conditions |
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| CN105794508B (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2019-11-15 | 江西农业大学 | A kind of simple and easy method of quick screening cold resistance rice varieties |
| CN105850622B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2018-11-27 | 中国水稻研究所 | A kind of high temperature leads to the identification method of rice grain infertility |
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| CN111802192B (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2022-04-12 | 江西农业大学 | Quantification method for evaluating heat resistance of rice germplasms with different genotypes in grouting period |
| CN112369322A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-19 | 安徽荃银高科种业股份有限公司 | Method for identifying high-quality rice variety in high-temperature period by using alkali elimination value |
| CN112369322B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2023-10-03 | 安徽荃银高科种业股份有限公司 | Method for identifying high-quality rice variety in high temperature period by using alkali extinction value |
| CN115053771A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-16 | 福建省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Identification method for rice grain sterility caused by high temperature |
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