CN107006158A - Rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation and preparation method and application on a kind of promotion cadmium pollution soil - Google Patents
Rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation and preparation method and application on a kind of promotion cadmium pollution soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN107006158A CN107006158A CN201710203121.XA CN201710203121A CN107006158A CN 107006158 A CN107006158 A CN 107006158A CN 201710203121 A CN201710203121 A CN 201710203121A CN 107006158 A CN107006158 A CN 107006158A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
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Abstract
Promote rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation and preparation method and application on cadmium pollution soil this application discloses a kind of, the matrix includes matrix upper strata and matrix lower floor；The composition on matrix upper strata is as follows：55 parts 65 parts the rice straw matrix granules that become thoroughly decomposed, 10 parts of 20 parts of rice straw long fibres, 5 parts of 10 parts of animal wastes of becoming thoroughly decomposed, 5 parts of 10 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers, 0.5 part of 1 part of plant rhizosphere bacterial manure, 1 part of 3 parts of degradable macromolecule are adhered agent；The composition of matrix lower floor is as follows：85 parts 95 parts the rice straw matrix granules that become thoroughly decomposed, 3 parts of 5 parts of sustained release agents embedding soil chelating agents, 0.5 part of 1 part of soil dusty yeast, 1 part of 3 parts of degradable macromolecule are adhered agent.The survival rate of this composite interstitial substance rehabilitation plant is higher, the speed of growth is faster longer with life span, so as to improve the efficiency of phytoremediation.
Description
Technical field
The application belongs to technical field of soil remediation, specifically, is related to phytoremediation on a kind of promotion cadmium pollution soil
Rice straw composite interstitial substance and preparation method and application.
Background technology
China is large agricultural country, possesses abundant rice pest insects, the distribution of domestic paddy rice is also than wide.China's stalk etc.
Agricultural organic waste annual output has also reached more than 800,000,000 tons, and wherein rice straw just accounts for 27.5%, and the annual production of rice husk also reaches
To more than 3,600 ten thousand tons, and abundant rice straw resource is very low in the utilization rate of China.Most of straw are in field or place
Returning to the field is incinerated, the serious waste of resource is not only caused, and brings very serious environmental pollution and social economy etc.
Problem.The recycling for having carried out a series of activities to inquire into and realize rice straw both at home and abroad at present, is opened using rice straw
Send out feed, biomass energy (biogas), biomaterial, direct chopping and returning etc..But these Land use systems are more or less present
The problems such as cost is high, unstable, technology is not mature enough, the utilization of resources of rice straw is also limit to a certain extent.Therefore, open up
The approach of rice straw comprehensive utilization of resources is opened up, it is extremely important and anxious at present to explore inexpensive, the efficient and environmentally friendly Land use systems of stalk
Urgent problem.Prepare organic plant life matrix using rice straw, be easy to get with raw material, low cost, environmental protection and resource circulation utilization it is excellent
Gesture, is the effective means that stalk resource is utilized, has broad application prospects.Rice straw is natural reproducible organic-biological money
Source, is preferably to plant green material and carrier without soil rich in degradable cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin etc..It is sharp both at home and abroad at present
Acted on the plant life of stalk, have been developed for the soilless culture substrate and seedling medium of a series of commercialization.But conduct
Gardening, agricultural production and urban afforestation purposes, the organic culture substrate based on stalk due to its physico-chemical property deficient in stability, and
And may have the harm of residual agriculture, heavy metal and other harmful substances, its promotion and application also receives certain restriction.Therefore,
It is to solve the organic waste resources effective utilizations such as stalk further to explore the function and application field for planting raw matrix based on stalk
Effective way.
With the swift and violent but extensive development of China's industrial or agricultural, the large area territory including farmland is by heavy metal-polluted
Dye, wherein cadmium (Cd) is one of main soil pollution heavy metal, and the harm to environment and people is quite big.For Cd contaminated soils
Reparation, also carried out a series of research and control both at home and abroad.Wherein plant ecological reparation be considered as low cost and
The preferable administration way of environmental protection.But growth and the vegetation of plant are detrimental under the conditions of the Difficult site of heavy-metal contaminated soil
Rapid Cover.Therefore, how effectively to improve plant land occupation condition so as to meet demand of plant growth and rapid Cover is also mesh
The main Research Requirements of preceding plant restoration of the ecosystem.Traditional method is mainly soil moved in improve the original, applies soil conditioner and screens high resistance to inverse
Property or enriching plant etc., but these work all can be extremely limited and cause in actual applications environment secondary pollution and
Destruction.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the problem of the application is directed to above-mentioned promotes phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil there is provided a kind of
Rice straw composite interstitial substance and preparation method and application, the matrix is the composite plant growing matrix developed based on rice straw,
Growth ability and situation for optimizing rehabilitation plant on cadmium pollution soil, improve the biological effectiveness of cadmium in soil to promote
The efficiency of phytoremediation.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, answered this application discloses a kind of rice straw for promoting phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil
Matrix is closed, the matrix includes being provided with matrix lower floor below matrix upper strata, the matrix upper strata；
The matrix upper strata is made up of according to mass parts following components：55 parts -65 parts rice straw matrix granules that become thoroughly decomposed, 10 parts -
20 parts of rice straw long fibres, 5 parts -10 parts animal wastes of becoming thoroughly decomposed, 5 parts of -10 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers, 0.5 part of -1 part of plant rhizosphere
Bacterial manure, 1 part of -3 parts of degradable macromolecule are adhered agent；
The matrix lower floor is made up of according to mass parts following components：85 parts -95 parts rice straw matrix granules that become thoroughly decomposed, 3 part -5
Part sustained release agent embedding soil chelating agent, 0.5 part of -1 part of soil dusty yeast, 1 part of -3 parts of degradable macromolecule are adhered agent.
Further, the composite interstitial substance is into 45cm × 100cm strips, and thickness is 8-15cm, the matrix upper strata
Thickness is 5-10cm；The thickness of matrix lower floor is 3-5cm.
Further, one layer of Seed Layer is provided with the matrix upper strata, Seed Layer, which is prepared by the following method, to be obtained：Will
Seed is stirred after adding liquid condition paper pulp, then paper pulp tiling is dried into Seed Layer；Seed Layer is arranged at matrix
In upper strata and at matrix top of the upper layer 2cm.
Further, the animal wastes of becoming thoroughly decomposed are from one kind in chicken manure or cow dung, the choosing of degradable macromolecule binding agent
With one kind in amylan or rice bran viscose glue.
The invention also discloses a kind of preparation method of the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on promotion cadmium pollution soil, bag
Include following steps：
Step 1, pretreatment of raw material：Rice straw is crushed and is classified, become thoroughly decomposed rice straw matrix granule and rice is prepared
Stalk long fibre；
Step 2, preparation matrix upper strata mixture：Following components is weighed according to mass parts：55 parts -65 parts rice straw matrix of becoming thoroughly decomposed
Particle, 10 parts of -20 parts of rice straw long fibres, 5 parts -10 parts animal wastes of becoming thoroughly decomposed, 5 parts of -10 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers, 0.5 part -1
Part plant rhizosphere bacterial manure, 1 part of -3 parts of degradable macromolecule are adhered agent；Load weighted each component is well mixed, it is standby；
Step 3, preparation matrix lower floor mixture：Prepare sustained release agent embedding soil chelating agent；Weighed according to mass parts following
Component：85 parts -95 parts the rice straw matrix granules that become thoroughly decomposed, 3 parts of -5 parts of sustained release agents embedding soil chelating agents, 0.5 part of -1 part of soil yeast
Powder, 1 part of -3 parts of degradable macromolecule are adhered agent；Load weighted each component is well mixed, it is standby；
Step 4, pressing mold shaping：Matrix lower floor mixture is put into forming machine and suppressed, 3-5 centimeters of base is pressed into
Matter lower floor；Matrix upper strata mixture is put into forming machine and suppressed, 5-10 centimeters of matrix upper strata is pressed into；By in matrix
Stacking is placed in matrix lower floor, prepares the rice straw composite interstitial substance for promoting phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil.
Further, Seed Layer is prepared after step 3, and the Seed Layer, which is prepared by the following method, to be obtained：By seed
Stirred after adding liquid condition paper pulp, then paper pulp tiling is dried to Seed Layer；Seed Layer is arranged at matrix upper strata
At interior and close matrix top of the upper layer 2cm.
Further, pretreatment of raw material in step 1 is concretely comprised the following steps：
The crushing and classification of step 1.1, rice straw：Dried rice straw is collected, is crushed with stalk crasher
Processing, is sieved automatically to the stalk particle after broken with the screen cloth of 5 mesh；Stalk particle below 5 mesh is used as straw decomposing
Raw material；Stalk particles more than 5 mesh is rice straw long fibre；
The preparation of step 1.2, the rice straw matrix granule that becomes thoroughly decomposed：According to stalk fermentation bacterium：Brown sugar：Water=1:10:150 ratio
After mixing, activation 2-3 days is carried out under 30-40 DEG C of temperature conditionss, the stalk fermentation microbial inoculum of activation is prepared；The stalk of activation
Fermenting agent is with water according to volume ratio 1:100-150 ratio is diluted, and prepares the stalk bacterium solution after activation dilution；It is living
Change the stalk bacterium solution after dilution with stalk particle according to mass ratio 1：600-1:800 ratio is carried out and mixed, mixed process
Need to mix when spraying bacterium solution, then stacked in ventilation warehouse lid plastic cloth, carry out spontaneous fermentation, turning was carried out per 2-3 days,
After 1 week, detection temperature reaches 60-70 DEG C, and fermentation is completed, and continues to stack 2-3 days, and temperature drop obtains rotten to less than 35 DEG C, that is,
Ripe rice straw matrix granule, is dried, standby.
Further, in step 3 sustained release agent embedding soil chelating agent preparation be specially：With concentration 20-30mg/mL's
Chitosan mixes crosslinking, the 10% poly- second of cross-linking system again with 2-4 times of volume in equal volume with 0.1-0.5mol/L soil chelating agent
Enolate solution is coated, and sustained release agent embedding soil chelating agent is prepared after drying.
Further, the pressure of the forming machine in step 4 is 150~200kg/cm2, the animal wastes of becoming thoroughly decomposed select chicken
One kind in excrement or cow dung, degradable macromolecule binding agent is from one kind in amylan or rice bran viscose glue.
The invention also discloses a kind of application method of the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on promotion cadmium pollution soil, bag
Include following steps：
Step 1, prepartion of land：Carry out smooth to the soil for repairing place and remove weeds；
Step 2, substrate block laying：The rice straw of phytoremediation on promotion cadmium pollution soil described in claim 1 is combined
Matrix be laid on it is smooth after soil on；For acclive landform, it is necessary to the rice of phytoremediation on promotion cadmium pollution soil
Straw composite interstitial substance nylon wire reinforcement, and stamp a plastic rivet in corner and be fixed；
Step 3, enriching plant are planted and managed and protected：The rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil is promoted to lay
Bi Hou, fully waters, and after the rice straw composite interstitial substance material water suction balance 12-24h for promoting phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil, is promoting
Enter on the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil directly to transplant cadmium enriching plant seedling, plant or directly spread
Kind；For there is the rice straw composite interstitial substance for promoting phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil of Seed Layer, then only need to etc. to plant in Seed Layer
Son germination, the actual climatic condition of rhizosphere waters manage and protect 1-3 times weekly, keeps promoting the rice straw of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil
2 centimeters of composite interstitial substance surface is moist.
Compared with prior art, the application can be obtained including following technique effect：
1) rice straw composite interstitial substance can be grown for plant under the conditions of cadmium pollution soil Difficult site provide one it is relatively good
Good liquid manure microhabitat, the survival rate of rehabilitation plant is higher, the speed of growth is faster longer with life span, is repaiied so as to improve plant
Multiple efficiency.
2) rice straw composite interstitial substance is by the way of layering assembling, and matrix upper strata is mainly become thoroughly decomposed rice straw shell and sustained release Chang Weifei
Mixed in proportion with plant rhizosphere bacterial manure, to provide based on carrier and the nutritional support of plant growth；Matrix lower floor is mainly corruption
Ripe rice straw is mixed in proportion with sustained release embedding chelating agent, cadmium tolerance microbial inoculum, with improved soil property and the biology of raising Cadmium in Soil
Based on validity；With more preferable specific aim and plasticity.
3) it can be dried using rice straw composite interstitial substance and be compressed into block or strip, be easy to preserve, pack, transport and field
Install and use in place；
4) component of matrix is all the biomaterial of degradation material, does not result in the material after secondary pollution, and degraded
Material can play a part of soil improvement；
5) this it is compound plant raw matrix can industrialize, standardized production；Production material abundance and cheap, Ke Yihe
Reason control cost；
6) utilization for agricultural biomass discarded objects such as rice straws (shell) provides new use approach, brings economic value
And ecological benefits.
Certainly, implementing any product of the application must be not necessarily required to while reaching all the above technique effect.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing further understanding of the present application, constitutes the part of the application, this Shen
Schematic description and description please is used to explain the application, does not constitute the improper restriction to the application.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is that the application promotes the compound structural representation for planting raw matrix of the rice straw of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil.
In figure, 1. matrix upper stratas, 2. matrix lower floors, 3. Seed Layers.
Embodiment
Describe presently filed embodiment in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, thereby to the application how application technology hand
Section can fully understand and implement according to this to solve technical problem and reach the implementation process of technology effect.
The present invention provides a kind of rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on promotion cadmium pollution soil, as shown in figure 1, the matrix
Including matrix upper strata 1, the lower section of matrix upper strata 1, which is provided with matrix lower floor 2, the matrix upper strata 1, is provided with one layer of seed
Layer 3.
The composite interstitial substance is dried and is compressed into 45cm × 100cm strips, thickness about 15cm, its mesostroma upper strata 1 thickness 5-
10cm, the thickness 3-5cm of matrix lower floor 2.One layer of Seed Layer 3 can also be increased at the 2cm on matrix upper strata 1 as needed.In use,
Only need to composite interstitial substance being placed on reparation place and fully apply after water, transplant rehabilitation plant or treat the germination of Seed Layer 3, carry out day
Often manage and protect.
Wherein, matrix upper strata 1 is made up of according to mass parts following components：55 parts -65 parts become thoroughly decomposed rice straw matrix granule, 10
Part -20 parts of rice straw long fibres, 5 parts -10 parts animal wastes of becoming thoroughly decomposed, 5 parts of -10 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers, 0.5 part of -1 part of plant roots
Border bacterial manure, 1 part of -3 parts of degradable macromolecule are adhered agent.Matrix upper strata 1 is to provide based on carrier and the nutritional support of plant growth；
Wherein, the rice straw matrix granule that becomes thoroughly decomposed primarily serves grappling plant and provides organic fertilizer, optimization plant rhizosphere environment
Effect；Using the stalk fibre after stalk pulverizing processing more than 5 mesh as stalk long fibre, main function increases upper strata plant base
The porosity of matter, water conservation and ventilation beneficial to overlayer matrix, so that the more conducively growth of plant.Animal wastes of becoming thoroughly decomposed are mainly to plant
Thing growth provides the depot fertilizer and trace element of high-quality；Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is mainly that plant growth is supplied active fertilizer.While by
It is higher in the carbon-nitrogen ratio for the rice straw matrix granule that becomes thoroughly decomposed, it is unfavorable for the development growth of root system of plant, therefore become thoroughly decomposed animal wastes and nitrogen
Phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer can play a part of adjusting matrix carbon-nitrogen ratio.Ratio combination of several materials in the range of this substantially can be with
Ensure regulation matrix carbon-nitrogen ratio between 30-45, be conducive to the synergy of root system of plant and rhizosphere microorganism to promote plant life
Long development.Plant rhizosphere bacterial manure is the composite bacterial fertilizer based on actinomyces and bacillus, and one side actinomyces primarily serve suppression
Rhizosphere processed is harmful to miscellaneous bacteria, and another aspect bacillus is beneficial to the acquisition for accelerating rhizosphere nutrition composition.Degradable macromolecule is adhered agent
Amylan or rice bran viscose glue can be selected, primarily to it is compressing to promote matrix components degree of adhesion to be easy to.
Matrix lower floor 2 according to mass parts by following components constitute 85 parts -95 parts rice straw matrix granules that become thoroughly decomposed, 3 parts -5 parts delay
Release agent embedding soil chelating agent, 0.5 part of -1 part of soil dusty yeast, 1 part of -3 parts of degradable macromolecule and be adhered agent.Matrix lower floor 2 with
Based on improved soil property and the biological effectiveness of raising Cadmium in Soil.
Wherein, the effect of sustained release agent embedding soil chelating agent is the biologically effective for promoting Cadmium in Soil by being sustained chelating agent
Property；The effect of soil dusty yeast is the effect that the gas permeability of soil is improved to chesson, and the breeding of its bacterial strain can produce a large amount of antibiosis
Element, has killing action to germ in soil, can not only ensure root system of plant healthy growth, moreover it is possible to promote connecing for root system and soil
Touch, so as to improve the absorption to soil Cd.Degradable macromolecule binding agent can select amylan or rice bran viscose glue, mainly be
Promotion matrix components degree of adhesion is easy to compressing.
Seed Layer 3 is that the seed paper that is prepared from after vegetable seeds is dried uniformly is bonded by paper pulp, specifically, by seed plus
Stirred after entering liquid condition paper pulp, then paper pulp tiling is dried to Seed Layer 3.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on promotion cadmium pollution soil, including
Following steps：
Step 1, pretreatment of raw material：
The crushing and classification of step 1.1, rice straw：Dried rice straw is collected, is first broken in stalk crasher
Broken processing, is then sieved automatically to the stalk particle after crushing with the screen cloth of 5 mesh；Stalk particle below 5 mesh is used as straw
The raw material that stalk becomes thoroughly decomposed, this granularity matrix granule less than normal is easily become thoroughly decomposed, and the growth of plant is more conducive to after becoming thoroughly decomposed, and is more held
Degradable entrance soil, improves the content of organic matter of soil；Stalk particle more than 5 mesh, as the long fibre of rice straw in base
Matter blanket upper strata is used, and main function increases the porosity of overlayer matrix, water conservation and ventilation beneficial to overlayer matrix, so as to be more conducive to
The growth of plant；
The preparation of step 1.2, the rice straw matrix granule that becomes thoroughly decomposed：
Commercially available stalk fermentation bacterium (such as stover ferment agent of Zhengzhou agriculture Citroen zx bio tech ltd) is according to microbial inoculum：It is red
Sugar：Water=1:10:After 150 ratio mixing, activation 2-3 days is carried out at 30-40 DEG C.The stalk fermentation microbial inoculum of activation and water according to
Volume ratio 1:100-150 ratio is diluted.Stalk bacterium solution after activation dilution is with stalk particle according to mass ratio 1：600-
1:800 ratio is carried out and mixed, and mixed process needs to mix when spraying bacterium solution, then in ventilation warehouse lid plastic cloth heap
Put, carry out spontaneous fermentation, turning was carried out per 2-3 days, after 1 week, detection temperature reaches 60-70 DEG C, and fermentation is completed.Continue to stack 2-
3 days, temperature drop obtained become thoroughly decomposed rice straw matrix granule, drying for standby to less than 35 DEG C.
Step 2, the mixture of preparation matrix upper strata 1：Following components is weighed according to mass parts：55 parts -65 parts rice straw bases that become thoroughly decomposed
Matter particle, 10 parts of -20 parts of rice straw long fibres, 5 parts -10 parts animal wastes of becoming thoroughly decomposed, 5 parts of -10 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers, 0.5 part -
1 part of plant rhizosphere bacterial manure, 1 part of -3 parts of degradable macromolecule are adhered agent；Load weighted each component is well mixed, it is standby；
Wherein, if water conservation and the ventilatory effect effect that rice straw long fibre ratio is played less than 10% is not notable, and it is high
If 20% matrix void space can be caused excessive, preservation capacity of water and fertility can be deteriorated.
Step 3, the mixture of preparation matrix lower floor 2：
Prepare sustained release agent embedding soil chelating agent：Chitosan and 0.1-0.5mol/L soil chelas with concentration 20-30mg/mL
Mixture (such as citric acid, EDTA) mixing crosslinking in equal volume, cross-linking system is carried out with 10% poly-vinyl alcohol solution of 2-4 times of volume again
The chelating agent sustained release agent of polyethylene cladding, as sustained release agent embedding soil chelating agent are prepared after cladding, drying；
Following components is weighed according to mass percent：85%-95% becomes thoroughly decomposed rice straw matrix granule, 3%-5% sustained release agent bags
Soil chelating agent is buried, 0.5%-1% soil dusty yeast, 1%-3% degradable macromolecules are adhered agent；Load weighted each component is entered
Row is well mixed, standby；
Step 4, the mixture of matrix lower floor 2 is put into forming machine and suppressed, be pressed into 3-5 centimeters of matrix lower floor 2；
The mixture of matrix upper strata 1 is put into forming machine and suppressed, 5-10 centimeters of matrix upper strata 1 is pressed into；Matrix upper strata 1 is folded
It is placed in matrix lower floor 2, prepares the rice straw composite interstitial substance for promoting phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil；After being so layering
The substrate block or blanket of an entirety are formed, shape and size can be selected as needed.It is recommended that 15 centimeters of integral thickness.
Step 5, preparation Seed Layer 3：Stirred after seed is added into liquid condition paper pulp, then paper pulp tiling is dry
It is dry into " seed paper ", as Seed Layer 3, if necessary to addition Seed Layer, matrix upper strata 1 is suppressed in two times, then needed in base
The mixture of matter upper strata 1 is put into seed paper when being pressed into 3-5 centimeters thick, and then re-compacted 2 centimeters of matrix upper strata 1 is remaining
Mixture.
Wherein, 1, the thickness of overlayer matrix mixing compression is about 5-10 centimeters, and this thickness can ensure plant not substantially
By being the mode since seed or the transplanted healthy growth in matrix, without being arrived soil in early growth or planting stage
The influence of earth heavy metal or other poor environments.Influence whether that root system of plant is contacted with the sufficient of soil if blocked up, shadow
Ring enrichment of the plant to heavy metal-polluted soil Cd, can cause if excessively thin root system of plant too early by heavy metal-polluted soil Cd or other
The influence of undesirable element, and influence plant growth and Cd accumulation abilities.
2nd, the effect of sustained release agent embedding chelating agent is the biological effectiveness for promoting Cadmium in Soil by being sustained chelating agent.Soil ferment
The effect of female powder is the effect that the gas permeability of soil is improved to chesson, and the breeding of its bacterial strain can produce a large amount of antibiotic, to soil
Middle germ has killing action, can not only ensure root system of plant healthy growth, moreover it is possible to promote contact of the root system with soil, so as to carry
The high absorption to soil Cd.Degradable macromolecule binding agent, such as amylan, rice bran viscose glue, primarily to promoting matrix components
Degree of adhesion is easy to compressing；3rd, about 3-5 centimeters of the thickness of matrix lower floor after mixing is compressed, root system of plant will not enter in the early stage
Enter underlying substrate, matrix each component can enter upper soll layer after moisture is absorbed, play chesson, improve edaphon bacterium
Group, improves the biological effectiveness of soil heavy metal cadmium.
4th, Seed Layer can not only fix seed, be easily installed and transport；It can also allow what seed distribution ratio was manually sowed seeds
Mode is more uniformly distributed, and for plant, homoepitaxial and planting be advantageously in matrix.Seed Layer is as 2 centimeters of matrix upper strata thickness
Position, so both can guarantee that the covering and protection to Seed Layer, and be also avoided that Seed Layer buried too deep to be unfavorable for germinating growth.
The present invention also provides a kind of application method of the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on promotion cadmium pollution soil, including
Following steps：
Step 1, prepartion of land：Carry out smooth to the soil for repairing place and remove weeds；
Step 2, substrate block laying：The rice straw of phytoremediation on promotion cadmium pollution soil described in claim 1 is combined
Matrix be laid on it is smooth after soil on；For acclive landform, it is necessary to the rice of phytoremediation on promotion cadmium pollution soil
Straw composite interstitial substance nylon wire reinforcement, and stamp a plastic rivet in corner and be fixed；
Step 3, enriching plant are planted and managed and protected：The rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil is promoted to lay
Bi Hou, fully waters, and after the rice straw composite interstitial substance material water suction balance 12-24h for promoting phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil, is promoting
Enter on the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil directly to transplant cadmium enriching plant seedling, plant or directly spread
Kind；For there is the rice straw composite interstitial substance for promoting phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil of Seed Layer, then only need to etc. to plant in Seed Layer
Son germination, the actual climatic condition of rhizosphere waters manage and protect 1-3 times weekly, keeps promoting the rice straw of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil
2 centimeters of composite interstitial substance surface is moist.Embodiment 1
The rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on a kind of promotion cadmium pollution soil, as shown in figure 1, the matrix is included in matrix
Layer 1, the lower section of matrix upper strata 1, which is provided with matrix lower floor 2, the matrix upper strata 1, is provided with one layer of Seed Layer 3.
The composite interstitial substance is dried and is compressed into 45cm × 100cm strips, thickness 15cm, its mesostroma upper strata 1 thickness 10cm, base
Thickness 5cm under matter, increases by one layer of Seed Layer 3 at the 2cm on matrix upper strata 1.
Wherein, matrix upper strata 1 become thoroughly decomposed by 65 parts rice straw matrix granule, 14.5 parts of rice straw long fibre, 10 parts become thoroughly decomposed dynamic
Thing excrement (chicken manure or cow dung), 8 parts of sustained release Chang Weifei, 0.5 part of plant rhizosphere bacterial manure, 2 parts of degradable macromolecules be adhered agent by than
Example mixing；
Matrix lower floor 2 is 93.2 parts of rice straw matrix granules that become thoroughly decomposed, 4 parts of sustained release agent embedding soil chelating agents, 0.8 part of cadmium tolerance
Microbial inoculum and 2 parts of degradable macromolecules are adhered agent and mixed in proportion, with improved soil property and the biological effectiveness of raising Cadmium in Soil
Based on.
Seed Layer 3 is that the seed paper being prepared from after vegetable seeds is dried uniformly is bonded by paper pulp.
The preparation method of the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil is promoted to comprise the following steps：
Step 1, pretreatment of raw material：
The crushing and classification of step 1.1, rice straw：Dried rice straw is collected, is first broken in stalk crasher
Broken processing, is then sieved automatically to the stalk particle after crushing with the screen cloth of 5 mesh；Stalk particle below 5 mesh is used as straw
The raw material that stalk becomes thoroughly decomposed；Stalk particles more than 5 mesh, is used as rice straw long fibre on substrate blanket upper strata；
The preparation of step 1.2, the rice straw matrix granule that becomes thoroughly decomposed：
Commercially available stalk fermentation bacterium (such as stover ferment agent of Zhengzhou agriculture Citroen zx bio tech ltd) is according to microbial inoculum：It is red
Sugar：Water=1:10:After 150 ratio mixing, activation 2 days is carried out at 35 DEG C.The stalk fermentation microbial inoculum of activation is with water according to volume
Than 1:125 ratio is diluted.Stalk bacterium solution after activation dilution is with stalk particle according to mass ratio 1：700 ratio is carried out
Equal and mixing, mixed process needs to mix when spraying bacterium solution, is then stacked in ventilation warehouse lid plastic cloth, progress nature hair
Ferment, carries out turning in every 2 days, after 1 week, and detection temperature reaches 65 DEG C, and fermentation is completed.Continue stack 2 days, temperature drop to 35 DEG C with
Under, that is, obtain become thoroughly decomposed rice straw matrix granule, drying for standby.
Step 2, the mixture of preparation matrix upper strata 1：Become thoroughly decomposed rice straw matrix granule, rice straw are weighed according to above-mentioned mass percent
Stalk long fibre, animal wastes of becoming thoroughly decomposed, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, plant rhizosphere bacterial manure, degradable macromolecule are adhered agent；Will be load weighted
Each component is well mixed, standby；
Step 3, the mixture of preparation matrix lower floor 2：
Prepare sustained release agent embedding soil chelating agent：Chitosan and 0.3mol/L soil chelating agents with concentration 25mg/mL etc.
Volume mixture is crosslinked, and cross-linking system is coated with 10% (mass concentration) poly-vinyl alcohol solution of 3 times of volumes again, after drying
Prepare the chelating agent sustained release agent of polyethylene cladding；
According to mass percent weigh the rice straw matrix granule that becomes thoroughly decomposed, sustained release agent embedding soil chelating agent, soil dusty yeast, can
Degraded macromolecular is adhered agent；Load weighted each component is well mixed, it is standby；
Step 4, preparation Seed Layer 3：Stirred after seed is added into liquid condition paper pulp, then paper pulp tiling is dry
It is dry into " seed paper ", as Seed Layer 3.
Step 5, the mixture of matrix lower floor 2 is put into forming machine and suppressed, be pressed into 5 centimeters of matrix lower floor 2；
Matrix upper strata 1 is put into seed paper when being pressed into 8 centimeters of thickness, then re-compacted 2 centimeters of matrix upper strata 1；By matrix upper strata 1
Overlay in matrix lower floor 2, prepare the rice straw composite interstitial substance for promoting phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil；So it is layering
The substrate block or blanket of an entirety are formed afterwards, and shape and size can be selected as needed.It is recommended that about 15 centimeters of integral thickness.
The application method of the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil is promoted to comprise the following steps：
Step 1, prepartion of land：Carry out smooth to the soil for repairing place and remove weeds；
Step 2, substrate block laying：The rice straw of phytoremediation on promotion cadmium pollution soil described in claim 1 is combined
Matrix be laid on it is smooth after soil on；For acclive landform, it is necessary to the rice of phytoremediation on promotion cadmium pollution soil
Straw composite interstitial substance nylon wire reinforcement, and stamp a plastic rivet in corner and be fixed；
Step 3, enriching plant are planted and managed and protected：The rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil is promoted to lay
Bi Hou, fully waters, and after the rice straw composite interstitial substance material water suction balance 12-24h for promoting phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil, is promoting
Enter on the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil directly to transplant cadmium enriching plant seedling, plant or directly spread
Kind；For there is the rice straw composite interstitial substance for promoting phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil of Seed Layer, then only need to etc. to plant in Seed Layer
Son germination, the actual climatic condition of rhizosphere waters manage and protect 1-3 times weekly, keeps promoting the rice straw of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil
2 centimeters of composite interstitial substance surface is moist.
Embodiment 2
The rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on a kind of promotion cadmium pollution soil, as shown in figure 1, the matrix is included in matrix
Layer 1, the lower section of matrix upper strata 1, which is provided with matrix lower floor 2, the matrix upper strata 1, is provided with one layer of Seed Layer 3.
The composite interstitial substance is dried and is compressed into 45cm × 100cm strips, thickness 8cm, its mesostroma upper strata 1 thickness 5cm, matrix
Lower thickness 3cm.
Wherein, matrix upper strata 1 is made up of according to mass parts following components：55 parts of the rice straw matrix granules that become thoroughly decomposed, 20 parts of rice straws
Stalk long fibre, 10 parts of animal wastes of becoming thoroughly decomposed, 10 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers, 1 part of plant rhizosphere bacterial manure, 3 parts of degradable macromolecules are sticked
Even agent.Matrix upper strata 1 is to provide based on carrier and the nutritional support of plant growth；
Matrix lower floor 2 constitutes 85 parts of rice straw matrix granules that become thoroughly decomposed, 5 parts of sustained release agent bags according to mass percent by following components
Bury soil chelating agent, 1 part of soil dusty yeast, 3 parts of degradable macromolecules and be adhered agent.
Seed Layer 3 is that the seed paper that is prepared from after vegetable seeds is dried uniformly is bonded by paper pulp, specifically, by seed plus
Stirred after entering liquid condition paper pulp, then paper pulp tiling is dried to Seed Layer 3.
Promote the preparation method of the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil, comprise the following steps：
Step 1, pretreatment of raw material：
The crushing and classification of step 1.1, rice straw：Dried rice straw is collected, is first broken in stalk crasher
Broken processing, is then sieved automatically to the stalk particle after crushing with the screen cloth of 5 mesh；Stalk particle below 5 mesh is used as straw
The raw material that stalk becomes thoroughly decomposed；Stalk particles more than 5 mesh, is used as rice straw long fibre on substrate blanket upper strata；
The preparation of step 1.2, the rice straw matrix granule that becomes thoroughly decomposed：
Commercially available stalk fermentation bacterium (such as stover ferment agent of Zhengzhou agriculture Citroen zx bio tech ltd) is according to microbial inoculum：It is red
Sugar：Water=1:10:After 150 ratio mixing, activation 3 days is carried out at 30 DEG C.The stalk fermentation microbial inoculum of activation is with water according to volume
Than 1:100 ratio is diluted.Stalk bacterium solution after activation dilution is with stalk particle according to mass ratio 1:800 ratio is carried out
Equal and mixing, mixed process needs to mix when spraying bacterium solution, is then stacked in ventilation warehouse lid plastic cloth, progress nature hair
Ferment, carries out turning in every 2 days, after 1 week, and detection temperature reaches 70 DEG C, and fermentation is completed.Continue stack 2 days, temperature drop to 35 DEG C with
Under, that is, obtain become thoroughly decomposed rice straw matrix granule, drying for standby.
Step 2, the mixture of preparation matrix upper strata 1：Become thoroughly decomposed rice straw matrix granule, rice straw are weighed according to above-mentioned mass percent
Stalk long fibre, animal wastes of becoming thoroughly decomposed, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, plant rhizosphere bacterial manure, degradable macromolecule are adhered agent；Will be load weighted
Each component is well mixed, standby；
Step 3, the mixture of preparation matrix lower floor 2：
Prepare sustained release agent embedding soil chelating agent：Chitosan and 0.5mol/L soil chelating agents with concentration 20mg/mL etc.
Volume mixture is crosslinked, and 10% poly-vinyl alcohol solution of the cross-linking system again with 2 times of volumes is coated, and poly- second is prepared after drying
The chelating agent sustained release agent of alkene cladding；
According to mass percent weigh the rice straw matrix granule that becomes thoroughly decomposed, sustained release agent embedding soil chelating agent, soil dusty yeast, can
Degraded macromolecular is adhered agent；Load weighted each component is well mixed, it is standby；
Step 4, preparation Seed Layer 3：Stirred after seed is added into liquid condition paper pulp, then paper pulp tiling is dry
It is dry into " seed paper ", as Seed Layer 3.
Step 5, the mixture of matrix lower floor 2 is put into forming machine and suppressed, be pressed into 3 centimeters of matrix lower floor 2；
Matrix upper strata 1 is put into seed paper when being pressed into 3 centimeters of thickness, then re-compacted 2 centimeters of matrix upper strata 1；By matrix upper strata 1
Overlay in matrix lower floor 2, prepare the rice straw composite interstitial substance for promoting phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil；So it is layering
The substrate block or blanket of an entirety are formed afterwards, and shape and size can be selected as needed.It is recommended that about 15 centimeters of integral thickness.
Promote the application method of the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil, comprise the following steps：
Step 1, prepartion of land：Carry out smooth to the soil for repairing place and remove weeds；
Step 2, substrate block laying：The rice straw of phytoremediation on promotion cadmium pollution soil described in claim 1 is combined
Matrix be laid on it is smooth after soil on；For acclive landform, it is necessary to the rice of phytoremediation on promotion cadmium pollution soil
Straw composite interstitial substance nylon wire reinforcement, and stamp a plastic rivet in corner and be fixed；
Step 3, enriching plant are planted and managed and protected：The rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil is promoted to lay
Bi Hou, fully waters, and after the rice straw composite interstitial substance material water suction balance 12-24h for promoting phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil, is promoting
Enter on the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil directly to transplant cadmium enriching plant seedling, plant or directly spread
Kind；For there is the rice straw composite interstitial substance for promoting phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil of Seed Layer, then only need to etc. to plant in Seed Layer
Son germination, the actual climatic condition of rhizosphere waters manage and protect 1-3 times weekly, keeps promoting the rice straw of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil
2 centimeters of composite interstitial substance surface is moist.
Embodiment 3
The rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on a kind of promotion cadmium pollution soil, as shown in figure 1, the matrix is included in matrix
Layer 1, the lower section of matrix upper strata 1 is provided with matrix lower floor 2.
The composite interstitial substance, which is dried, is compressed into 45cm × 100cm strips, thickness about 12cm, its mesostroma upper strata 1 thickness 8cm,
Thickness 4cm under matrix.
Wherein, matrix upper strata 1 is made up of according to mass parts following components：60 parts of the rice straw matrix granules that become thoroughly decomposed, 10 parts of rice straws
Stalk long fibre, 5 parts of animal wastes of becoming thoroughly decomposed, 5 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers, 0.5 part of plant rhizosphere bacterial manure, 1 part of degradable macromolecule are sticked
Even agent.Matrix upper strata 1 is to provide based on carrier and the nutritional support of plant growth；
Matrix lower floor 2 constitutes 95 parts of rice straw matrix granules that become thoroughly decomposed, 3 parts of sustained release agents by following components according to mass parts and embeds soil
Earth chelating agent, 0.5 part of soil dusty yeast, 1 part of degradable macromolecule are adhered agent.
Promote the preparation method of the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil, comprise the following steps：
Step 1, pretreatment of raw material：
The crushing and classification of step 1.1, rice straw：Dried rice straw is collected, is first broken in stalk crasher
Broken processing, is then sieved automatically to the stalk particle after crushing with the screen cloth of 5 mesh；Stalk particle below 5 mesh is used as straw
The raw material that stalk becomes thoroughly decomposed；Stalk particles more than 5 mesh, is used as rice straw long fibre on substrate blanket upper strata；
The preparation of step 1.2, the rice straw matrix granule that becomes thoroughly decomposed：
Commercially available stalk fermentation bacterium (such as stover ferment agent of Zhengzhou agriculture Citroen zx bio tech ltd) is according to microbial inoculum：It is red
Sugar：Water=1:10:After 150 ratio mixing, activation 3 days is carried out at 40 DEG C.The stalk fermentation microbial inoculum of activation is with water according to volume
Than 1:150 ratio is diluted.Stalk bacterium solution after activation dilution is with stalk particle according to mass ratio 1：600 ratio is carried out
Equal and mixing, mixed process needs to mix when spraying bacterium solution, is then stacked in ventilation warehouse lid plastic cloth, progress nature hair
Ferment, carries out turning in every 3 days, after 1 week, and detection temperature reaches 60 DEG C, and fermentation is completed.Continue stack 3 days, temperature drop to 35 DEG C with
Under, that is, obtain become thoroughly decomposed rice straw matrix granule, drying for standby.
Step 2, the mixture of preparation matrix upper strata 1：Become thoroughly decomposed rice straw matrix granule, rice straw are weighed according to above-mentioned mass percent
Stalk long fibre, animal wastes of becoming thoroughly decomposed, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, plant rhizosphere bacterial manure, degradable macromolecule are adhered agent；Will be load weighted
Each component is well mixed, standby；
Step 3, the mixture of preparation matrix lower floor 2：
Prepare sustained release agent embedding soil chelating agent：Chitosan and 0.1mol/L soil chelating agents with concentration 30mg/mL etc.
Volume mixture is crosslinked, and 10% poly-vinyl alcohol solution of the cross-linking system again with 4 times of volumes is coated, and poly- second is prepared after drying
The chelating agent sustained release agent of alkene cladding；
According to mass percent weigh the rice straw matrix granule that becomes thoroughly decomposed, sustained release agent embedding soil chelating agent, soil dusty yeast, can
Degraded macromolecular is adhered agent；Load weighted each component is well mixed, it is standby；
Step 4, the mixture of matrix lower floor 2 is put into forming machine and suppressed, be pressed into 4 centimeters of matrix lower floor 2；Will
The mixture of matrix upper strata 1 is put into forming machine and suppressed, and is pressed into 8 centimeters of matrix lower floor 2；Matrix upper strata 1 is overlayed
In matrix lower floor 2, the rice straw composite interstitial substance for promoting phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil is prepared；Formed after being so layering
The substrate block or blanket of one entirety, shape and size can be selected as needed.
The application method of the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil is promoted to comprise the following steps：
Step 1, prepartion of land：Carry out smooth to the soil for repairing place and remove weeds；
Step 2, substrate block laying：The rice straw of phytoremediation on promotion cadmium pollution soil described in claim 1 is combined
Matrix be laid on it is smooth after soil on；For acclive landform, it is necessary to the rice of phytoremediation on promotion cadmium pollution soil
Straw composite interstitial substance nylon wire reinforcement, and stamp a plastic rivet in corner and be fixed；
Step 3, enriching plant are planted and managed and protected：The rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil is promoted to lay
Bi Hou, fully waters, and after the rice straw composite interstitial substance material water suction balance 12-24h for promoting phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil, is promoting
Enter on the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil directly to transplant cadmium enriching plant seedling, plant or directly spread
Kind；For there is the rice straw composite interstitial substance for promoting phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil of Seed Layer, then only need to etc. to plant in Seed Layer
Son germination, the actual climatic condition of rhizosphere waters manage and protect 1-3 times weekly, keeps promoting the rice straw of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil
2 centimeters of composite interstitial substance surface is moist.
The present invention can heavy-metal contaminated soil region using without soil plant raw matrix to support, grappling plant and be plant
Growth provides water, fertilizer, air and heat and rhizospheric environment condition relatively stable, coordinate to promote plant growth and vegetation quickly to cover
Lid.
The composite interstitial substance of the present invention possesses following feature：One is that can play a part of nutrition cultivation matrix, but because
Food chain is not entered again high not as cultivation matrix requirements；Two be that degradable can will not bring the secondary dirt of environment
Contaminate and rehabilitating soil can be improved；Three be the requirement of low cost.The plant life matrix prepared by carrier of stalk should just have
These standby features.In addition, being promoted with the raw matrix of stalk plant covered with the function beneficial to preserving soil moisture fertilizer conservation and raising Rhizosphere ecosystem
Enter the physical absorption to Cd；The degraded of stalk can increase the organic matter of soil, it is possible to increase soil Cd biological effectiveness, promote
Biotransport and absorption of the plant to Cd；And the characteristics of for Cd contaminated soils, changed by straw substrate carrier and soil
Good dose, soil nutrient agent, slow-release material, the modularization of degradable high polymer material and vegetable seeds etc. rationally assemble, can be with
Greatly promote composite interstitial substance plant come into force fruit and soil improvement action.
Cd contaminated soil remediation effects are as follows：
Red three-coloured amaranth conventional seedbed system is carried out first on peat soil, after emerging 15-20 days, red three-coloured amaranth reaches 3 leaf phases, selection length
Gesture is homogeneous to be transplanted in the experiment flowerpot of each treatment group as test material.The cadmium pollution processing of soil has：0mg/kg,5mg/
Kg and 50mg/kg, every kind of cadmium pollution processing is divided into using the matrix of this patent design and without matrix again, and one has at 6 groups of experiments
Reason group (Cd0, Cd0+ matrix, Cd5, Cd5+ matrix, Cd50 and Cd50+ matrix), each handles 5 bar shaped flowerpot (length, width and height chis
Very little 57cm × 18cm × 15cm), native 10Kg and 5 plant of plant is filled per basin.After processing 45 days, collection above-ground plant parts and underground part
Divide, and pedotheque is analyzed.Result of the test is as follows：
Growth indexes and accumulation ability under the conditions of the red three-coloured amaranth of table 1 is throughout managed
Note：Different lowercase letter indication differences reach 5% level of signifiance in same row.
Test result indicates that：Under cadmium pollution stress conditions, the use of this patent design matrix can improve red three-coloured amaranth
Survival rate, and Cd stress concentration is higher, and the effect of matrix is more obvious；Under same cadmium pollution level, the use of matrix can
The biomass for remarkably promoting red three-coloured amaranth improves 20%-60%.Under same cadmium pollution level, the use of matrix also improves red amaranth
Dish aerial part and root system illustrate effect of the cadmium content with biological effectiveness by matrix in soil to the enriching quantity of cadmium
It is increased.In general, biomass of the plant that the use of matrix is not only improved under Cd stress, and improve Cadmium in Soil
Biological effectiveness so as to promoting enriching quantity of the plant Unit Weight to cadmium of knowing clearly, it is therefore shown that this patent design matrix is energy
Enough promote red three-coloured amaranth to the tolerance and removal ability of Cadmium in Soil.
Some vocabulary have such as been used to censure special component or method among specification and claim.Art technology
Personnel are, it is to be appreciated that different regions may call same composition with different nouns.This specification and claims are not
In the way of the difference of title is used as differentiation composition.As the "comprising" of the specification in the whole text and claim mentioned in is
One open language, therefore " include but be not limited to " should be construed to." substantially " refer in receivable error range, this area
Technical staff can solve the technical problem in the range of certain error, basically reach the technique effect.Specification is follow-up
It is described as implementing the better embodiment of the application, so the description is for the purpose of the rule for illustrating the application, not
To limit scope of the present application.The protection domain of the application is worked as to be defined depending on the appended claims person of defining.
It should also be noted that, term " comprising ", "comprising" or its any other variant are intended to nonexcludability
Comprising, so that commodity or system including a series of key elements not only include those key elements, but also including without clear and definite
Other key elements listed, or also include for this commodity or the intrinsic key element of system.In the feelings of not more limitations
Under condition, the key element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that in the commodity or system including the key element also
There is other identical element.
Some preferred embodiments of invention have shown and described in described above, but as previously described, it should be understood that invention is not
Form disclosed herein is confined to, the exclusion to other embodiment is not to be taken as, and available for various other combinations, modification
And environment, and can be carried out in invention contemplated scope described herein by the technology or knowledge of above-mentioned teaching or association area
Change., then all should be in the appended power of invention and the change and change that those skilled in the art are carried out do not depart from the spirit and scope of invention
In the protection domain that profit is required.
Claims (10)
1. the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on a kind of promotion cadmium pollution soil, it is characterised in that the matrix is included in matrix
Matrix lower floor (2) is provided with below layer (1), the matrix upper strata (1)；
The matrix upper strata (1) is made up of according to mass parts following components：55 parts -65 parts rice straw matrix granules that become thoroughly decomposed, 10 part -20
Part rice straw long fibre, 5 parts -10 parts animal wastes of becoming thoroughly decomposed, 5 parts of -10 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers, 0.5 part of -1 part of plant rhizosphere bacterium
Fertilizer, 1 part of -3 parts of degradable macromolecule are adhered agent；
The matrix lower floor (2) is made up of according to mass parts following components：85 parts -95 parts rice straw matrix granules that become thoroughly decomposed, 3 parts -5 parts
Sustained release agent embedding soil chelating agent, 0.5 part of -1 part of soil dusty yeast, 1 part of -3 parts of degradable macromolecule are adhered agent.
2. the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on promotion cadmium pollution soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that should
Composite interstitial substance is into 45cm × 100cm strips, and thickness is 8-15cm, and the thickness of the matrix upper strata (1) is 5-10cm；Matrix
The thickness of lower floor (2) is 3-5cm.
3. the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on promotion cadmium pollution soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State in matrix upper strata (1) and be provided with one layer of Seed Layer (3), Seed Layer (3), which is prepared by the following method, to be obtained：Seed is added into liquid
Stirred after body state paper pulp, then paper pulp tiling is dried to Seed Layer (3)；Seed Layer (3) is arranged at matrix upper strata
(1) in and at 2cm at the top of matrix upper strata (1).
4. the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on promotion cadmium pollution soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Animal wastes of becoming thoroughly decomposed are stated from one kind in chicken manure or cow dung, degradable macromolecule binding agent is from amylan or rice bran viscose glue
One kind.
5. it is a kind of promote cadmium pollution soil on phytoremediation rice straw composite interstitial substance preparation method, it is characterised in that including with
Lower step：
Step 1, pretreatment of raw material：Rice straw is crushed and is classified, become thoroughly decomposed rice straw matrix granule and rice straw is prepared
Long fibre；
Step 2, preparation matrix upper strata (1) mixture：Following components is weighed according to mass parts：55 parts -65 parts rice straw matrix of becoming thoroughly decomposed
Particle, 10 parts of -20 parts of rice straw long fibres, 5 parts -10 parts animal wastes of becoming thoroughly decomposed, 5 parts of -10 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers, 0.5 part -1
Part plant rhizosphere bacterial manure, 1 part of -3 parts of degradable macromolecule are adhered agent；Load weighted each component is well mixed, it is standby；
Step 3, preparation matrix lower floor (2) mixture：Prepare sustained release agent embedding soil chelating agent；Weighed according to mass parts with the following group
Point：85 parts -95 parts rice straw matrix granules that become thoroughly decomposed, 3 parts of -5 parts of sustained release agents embedding soil chelating agents, 0.5 part of -1 part of soil dusty yeast,
1 part of -3 parts of degradable macromolecule is adhered agent；Load weighted each component is well mixed, it is standby；
Step 4, pressing mold shaping：Matrix lower floor (2) mixture is put into forming machine and suppressed, 3-5 centimeters of base is pressed into
Matter lower floor (2)；Matrix upper strata (1) mixture is put into forming machine and suppressed, 5-10 centimeters of matrix upper strata is pressed into
(1)；Matrix upper strata (1) is overlayed in matrix lower floor (2), prepares and promotes the rice straw of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil to answer
Close matrix.
6. the preparation method of the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on promotion cadmium pollution soil according to claim 5, its
It is characterised by, Seed Layer (3) is prepared after step 3, and the Seed Layer (3), which is prepared by the following method, to be obtained：By seed plus
Stirred after entering liquid condition paper pulp, then paper pulp tiling is dried to Seed Layer (3)；Seed Layer (3) is arranged at matrix
In upper strata (1) and at 2cm at the top of matrix upper strata (1).
7. the preparation method for promoting the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil according to claim 5 or 6,
Characterized in that, pretreatment of raw material in step 1 is concretely comprised the following steps：
The crushing and classification of step 1.1, rice straw：Dried rice straw is collected, broken processing is carried out with stalk crasher,
Stalk particle after broken is sieved automatically with the screen cloth of 5 mesh；Stalk particle below 5 mesh as straw decomposing original
Material；Stalk particles more than 5 mesh is rice straw long fibre；
The preparation of step 1.2, the rice straw matrix granule that becomes thoroughly decomposed：
According to stalk fermentation bacterium：Brown sugar：Water=1:10:After 150 ratio mixing, activated under 30-40 DEG C of temperature conditionss
2-3 days, prepare the stalk fermentation microbial inoculum of activation；The stalk fermentation microbial inoculum of activation is with water according to volume ratio 1:100-150's
Ratio is diluted, and prepares the stalk bacterium solution after activation dilution；Stalk bacterium solution and stalk particle after activation dilution according to
Mass ratio 1：600-1:800 ratio is carried out and mixed, and mixed process needs to mix when spraying bacterium solution, then in ventilation storehouse
Storehouse lid plastic cloth is stacked, and carries out spontaneous fermentation, turning is carried out per 2-3 days, after 1 week, detection temperature reaches 60-70 DEG C, has fermented
Into continuation is stacked 2-3 days, and temperature drop obtains the rice straw matrix granule that becomes thoroughly decomposed to less than 35 DEG C, dries, standby.
8. the preparation method for promoting the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil according to claim 5 or 6,
Characterized in that, the preparation of the sustained release agent embedding soil chelating agent in step 3 is specially：With concentration 20-30mg/mL chitosan
Crosslinking is mixed in equal volume with 0.1-0.5mol/L soil chelating agent, and 10% polyvinyl alcohol of the cross-linking system again with 2-4 times of volume is molten
Liquid is coated, and sustained release agent embedding soil chelating agent is prepared after drying.
9. the preparation method for promoting the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil according to claim 5 or 6,
Characterized in that, the pressure of the forming machine in the step 4 is 150~200kg/cm2, the animal wastes of becoming thoroughly decomposed select chicken manure
Or one kind in cow dung, degradable macromolecule binding agent is from one kind in amylan or rice bran viscose glue.
10. it is a kind of promote cadmium pollution soil on phytoremediation rice straw composite interstitial substance application method, it is characterised in that including with
Lower step：
Step 1, prepartion of land：Carry out smooth to the soil for repairing place and remove weeds；
Step 2, substrate block laying：By the rice straw composite interstitial substance for promoting phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil described in claim 1
Be laid on it is smooth after soil on；For acclive landform, it is necessary to answer the rice straw for promoting phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil
Matrix nylon wire reinforcement is closed, and a plastic rivet is stamped in corner and is fixed；
Step 3, enriching plant are planted and managed and protected：The rice straw composite interstitial substance laying of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil is promoted to finish
Afterwards, fully water, after the rice straw composite interstitial substance material water suction balance 12-24h for promoting phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil, promoting
Cadmium enriching plant seedling, plant are directly transplanted on cadmium pollution soil on the rice straw composite interstitial substance of phytoremediation or is directly sowed seeds；
For there is the rice straw composite interstitial substance for promoting phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil of Seed Layer, then the seed in Seed Layer such as only need to and send out
Bud, the actual climatic condition of rhizosphere, waters manage and protect 1-3 times weekly, keeps promoting the rice straw of phytoremediation on cadmium pollution soil to be combined
2 centimeters of stromal surface is moist.
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| CN108323356A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-07-27 | 肖免 | The degradable rice seedling nursing disc of multifunctional biomass and preparation method |
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| CN108377881A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-08-10 | 北京三聚绿能科技有限公司 | Seedling medium and by its pot for growing seedlings obtained |
| CN108323356A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-07-27 | 肖免 | The degradable rice seedling nursing disc of multifunctional biomass and preparation method |
| CN108934919A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-12-07 | 北京三聚绿能科技有限公司 | A kind of nutrient matrix and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111727846A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-02 | 施可得园艺有限公司 | Decomposed pine bark and preparation method thereof |
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