CN106900197A - A kind of sustainable synthesis improvement method of marine solonchak ecological circulation - Google Patents
A kind of sustainable synthesis improvement method of marine solonchak ecological circulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106900197A CN106900197A CN201710118190.0A CN201710118190A CN106900197A CN 106900197 A CN106900197 A CN 106900197A CN 201710118190 A CN201710118190 A CN 201710118190A CN 106900197 A CN106900197 A CN 106900197A
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- earthworm
- water drenching
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- earthworm bed
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/0332—Earthworms
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of sustainable synthesis improvement method of marine solonchak ecological circulation, comprise the following steps：1) underdrainage system is built；2) unwrapping wire is pinpointed, plant pit is excavated, nursery stock is planted；3) nursery stock is in the ranks spaced laying earthworm bed per two neighboring, introduces a fine variety earthworm；4) new earthworm bed is in the ranks laid in earthworm bed in the ranks adjacent；5) transfer earthworm bed part earthworm harvests the remaining earthworm on earthworm bed to the new earthworm bed newly completed；6) long-term cropping on the bed of the earthworm containing wormcast after earthworm is harvested；Repeat step 4), 5), 6).Vermiculture, ecologic planting are introduced alkaline land improving by the present invention, it is possible to increase alkaline land improving effect and land utilization ratio；Ecologic planting is carried out in situ using vermiculture metabolin, realizes that ecological circulation is sustainable；Multi-purpose water, economizes on resources, cost-effective；Improve nursery stock resistance and increment, using water wisely expense and artificial, saving nursery stock maintenance cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to alkaline land improving and vegetation construction field, can be held more particularly, to a kind of marine solonchak ecological circulation
Continuous synthesis improvement method.
Background technology
Marine solonchak greening is the greening most scabrous problem of industry.Mainly there are 2 kinds of modes at present, one is put with farmland soil
Change, which construction is simple, instant effect, but farmland is depend on for existence basic of China, it is necessary to be protected by, and destruction farmland pair
Ecosystem destruction is serious；Another not soil removal and replacement original soil improvement：Xu Suxia has been invented " makes the side of the saline and alkaline quick desalination of Coastal beach
Method " (CN101878684A), is turned over by excavating irrigation canals and ditches, machinery, plants rye grass or sesbania and smash also its plant stalk
Salt tolerant deciduous species is planted after the cultivate soil of field carries out alkaline land improving；Liu Taixiang has invented a kind of " water-saving salt marsh atural object
Reason-chemistry-ecology synthesis improvement and vegetation construction technique " (CN1765531), the method is changed without planting soil, protects arable land
No longer it is destroyed；Bao Xuefeng has invented a kind of " heavy saline improvement and method of comprehensive utilization in strand " (CN101045237), leads to
Cross excavation pond, shoveling and build field, field sets confession, gutter, and raised fields carries out proportion of crop planting, and pond carries out aquaculture；Yang Yong
Profit etc. has invented " a kind of comprehensive improving method for coastal saline soil " (CN102577687A), by the work technology of hidden pipe salt discharge, improves
Technology and the microbial-bacterial fertilizer improvement of soil physics structure are integrated；Zhang Zhengquan has invented one kind, and " saline and alkaline beach is comprehensive fast
Fast administering method " (CN101715664A), by the soaked field desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, repeatedly turns over before and after soaked field, and water inlet, draining are strictly separated,
Making salinity in short period reduces, and to sum up marine solonchak original soil modification method is that greenery patches is slotted mostly at present, and water drenching is dug in underground
French drain fills stone or blind pipe, paver or stalk drenching layer, and the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching or plantation halophytes are poured using flood after backfill original soil,
This mode is cumbersome, high cost, slowly effect, and wastes a large amount of freshwater resources, and ecological circulation is not sustainable.Therefore, how
On marine solonchak complete planting technique realize ecological circulation it is sustainable be a very urgent research direction.
Earthworm improvement salt-soda soil is retrieved, " one kind improves salt-soda soil application process using earthworm "
(CN104335731A) it is to combine turn over, apply fertilizer etc. directly to deliver earthworm on salt-soda soil and carry out alkaline land improving simultaneously recovery section
Earthworm；" a kind of synthesis improvement method of alkaline land soil " (CN102301848B) is application media to be combined on salt-soda soil and is turned over
The directly dispensing earthworm such as cultivated carries out alkaline land improving；" a kind of utilization earthworm set supports the method for improving gardens comprehensive benefit "
(CN104335798A) what is proposed is a kind of method by vermiculture in plant in the ranks to improve gardens comprehensive benefit；" sylvan life
Influence of the breeding earthworm to alkaline land soil and seedling growth " is tried by carrying out salt-soda soil raising earthworms in forest in forest land
Test, study it to slight alkaline land (total salt 1.4, pH8.4) soil improvement and the influence of seedling growth, to sum up current vermiculture
Application patented technology on salt-soda soil is still delivered merely earthworm or carries out raising earthworms in forest, to be formed salt-soda soil and be changed
Good, vegetation construction, vermiculture with the sustainable system of the ecological circulation that ecologic planting is combined Patents, more without in strand
Carry out the Patents of application on solonchak.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the present invention is directed to propose a kind of sustainable synthesis improvement method of marine solonchak ecological circulation, to solve
Existing marine solonchak is difficult to vermiculture and is difficult to the problems such as being improved to marine solonchak；There is provided one kind can save
Cost, ecological circulation sustainably improve the marine solonchak synthesis improvement method of reclamation of saline soil effect and land utilization ratio.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
A kind of sustainable synthesis improvement method of marine solonchak ecological circulation, comprises the following steps：
1) it is smooth to intend improvement plot, underdrainage system is built according to marine solonchak property；
2) unwrapping wire is pinpointed, plant pit is excavated, nursery stock is planted；
3) nursery stock is in the ranks spaced laying earthworm bed per two neighboring, introduces a fine variety earthworm；
4) new earthworm bed is in the ranks laid in earthworm bed in the ranks adjacent；
5) transfer earthworm bed part earthworm harvests the remaining earthworm on earthworm bed to the new earthworm bed newly completed；
6) long-term cropping on the bed of the earthworm containing wormcast after earthworm is harvested；
Repeat step 4), 5), 6).
Preferably, earthworm bed or new earthworm bed are returned after the dry branches and fallen leaves of the nursery stock of plantation and crop is crushed.
Step 1) in when building underdrainage system according to marine solonchak property, the quality of comprehensive marine solonchak, unit weight,
The factors such as the degree of mineralization of ground water, underground water buried depth.Step 3) in interval laying earthworm bed be conducive to earthworm harvest and vermiculture
With ecologic planting alternately, spacing distance is depending on line space, generally 1.5~3 meters.
Further, step 6) in plantation crop for cereal crops, industrial crops, insutrial crop, forage crop,
One or more in medicinal crop；Preferably, the industrial crops be oil crops, vegetable crop, hobby crop in one
Plant or various.
In step 1) in when building underdrainage system, dig main water drenching ditch, main water drenching french drain, branch water drenching ditch and branch water drenching blind
Laying stone nitre in ditch, main water drenching french drain and branch water drenching french drain, forms latticed drainage system；
Preferably, the main water drenching ditch at intervals of 18m~22m, the branch water drenching ditch is vertical with the main water drenching ditch, institute
State branch water drenching ditch at intervals of 1.5m~3m；
Preferably, in step 1) in build underdrainage system comprise the following steps that：At interval of 20m, laterally digging one is wide
The main water drenching ditch of 50cm, depth 80cm；A 30cm wide suitable for reading, lower mouth 20cm wide, deep 30cm are dug downwards at main water drenching bottom of trench center
Main water drenching french drain；To net stone nitre is filled in main water drenching french drain, original soil is also become owner of in water drenching ditch；The main water drenching ditch for having dug is handed over
90 degree of fork, at interval of 2m, then digs 50cm wide, the branch water drenching ditch of deep 60cm；A 20cm suitable for reading is dug downwards in branch water drenching bottom of trench, under
Mouth 15cm, the branch water drenching french drain of deep 20cm；To net stone nitre is filled in branch water drenching french drain, original soil is also entered in branch water drenching ditch.
Further, step 2) in excavate plant pit excavate on branch water drenching ditch；
Preferably, distance between rows and hills is 3m*3m.
Further, step 2) in plantation nursery stock when mix conditioner and organic fertilizer；
Preferably, the ratio that mixes of conditioner and organic fertilizer and cave soil is 1：10 volume ratios.
Further, step 3) in laying earthworm bed and step 4) in laying new earthworm bed material used be fowl and animal excrement
And the plant and animal residues such as crop material；Laying earthworm bed position in the ranks, is spaced in nursery stock.
Further, the width of earthworm bedside degree and new earthworm bedside degree with nursery stock line space is identical, highly for 15~
30cm。
Further, step 3) and 5) in, earthworm introduces a fine variety density and is 0.4~0.6kg/m3。
Further, step 3) and 5) in introduce a fine variety earthworm after, earthworm bed and new earthworm bed humidity controls 35%~
55%.
Further, in step 3) in earthworm bed and step 4) in be equipped with fine-spraying belt on new earthworm bed；
Preferably, during temperature >=35 DEG C, weeds or straw are added a cover on earthworm bed；
Preferably, the thickness of weeds or straw is 3~5cm.
The present invention is had the advantage that with innovative point：
1) vermiculture, ecologic planting, are introduced into alkaline land improving, alkaline land improving effect and land utilization ratio is improved；
2) ecologic planting, is carried out in situ using vermiculture metabolin (wormcast), green organic cereal crops, warp is harvested
Ji crop (oil crops, vegetable crop, hobby crop), insutrial crop, forage crop, medicinal crop etc., realize ecological
Circulation is sustainable；
3), multi-purpose water, not only for alkaline land improving but also for vermiculture, nursery stock maintenance, ecologic planting etc., saves money
It is source, cost-effective；
4) nursery stock resistance and increment, using water wisely expense and artificial, saving nursery stock maintenance cost, are improved.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the sustainable synthesis improvement method of marine solonchak ecological circulation of the present invention is spaced breeding earthworm
Figure；
Fig. 2 is that the sustainable synthesis improvement method interval of marine solonchak ecological circulation of the present invention cultivates and containing after harvesting earthworm
There is the upper long-term cropping of earthworm bed of wormcast, and the tree of non-cultivating earthworm in the ranks carries out the structural representation of the cultivation of earthworm in Fig. 1
Figure.
Specific embodiment
In addition to being defined, technical term used has universal with those skilled in the art of the invention in following examples
The identical meanings of understanding.Test reagent used in following examples, unless otherwise specified, is routine biochemistry reagent；It is described
Experimental technique, unless otherwise specified, is conventional method.
The present invention is described in detail with reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing.
Example be located at the 5th article of Tianjin production area adjacent to prot Hailin ecological park A areas ground, the square meter of area 4800, soil is barged-in fill,
Soil property is shown in Table 1.
The Harbor barged-in fill soil property of table 1
1) underdrainage system is built：Intending improvement plot, the master that a 50cm wide, depth 80cm are laterally dug at interval of 20m
Water drenching ditch；A 30cm wide suitable for reading, lower mouth 20cm wide, the deep main water drenching french drains of 30cm are dug downwards at main water drenching bottom of trench center；To master
The net stone nitre of filling, original soil is also become owner of in water drenching ditch in water drenching french drain；The main water drenching ditch for having dug intersects 90 degree, at interval of
3m, then 50cm wide is dug, the branch water drenching ditch of deep 60cm；A 20cm suitable for reading, lower mouth 15cm, deep 20cm are dug downwards in branch water drenching bottom of trench
Branch water drenching french drain；To net stone nitre is filled in branch water drenching french drain, original soil is also entered in branch water drenching ditch.2) unwrapping wire, distance between rows and hills are pinpointed
It is 3m*3m；Plant pit is excavated, cave depth 60cm, cave soil puddles volume ratio conditioner 10%, organic fertilizer 10%, plants American elm, such as Fig. 1
It is shown.3) two line spacings laying earthworm bed, introduces a fine variety earthworm, lays fine-spraying belt, and earthworm bed material used is cow dung, width and seedling
The identical 3m of width of lumber yard spacing, is highly 15~30cm, by 0.5kg/m3Amount introduce earthworm peace No. 2 adults, fine-spraying belt
Tiling earthworm bed on, timing spray water, earthworm bed humid control 35%~55%, when temperature is too high (>=35 DEG C), earthworm bed
On add a cover 3~5cm weeds or straw etc..4) original earthworm bed is adjacent in the ranks after 1 year in the ranks lays new earthworm bed；5) from former earthworm
Bed introduces a fine variety earthworm to new earthworm bed, introduces a fine variety density for 0.5kg/m3, lay fine-spraying belt；Harvest the former upper residue earthworm of earthworm bed, dress
Box is sold, for angling bait etc.；6) the upper Planting Medicago sativa of earthworm bed after earthworm is harvested, as shown in Figure 2；Repeat step 4), 5),
6).Clover is used to feed chicken and duck after harvesting or earthworm bed or new earthworm bed is returned after crushing.
Example is proved：Constructed underdrainage system, vermiculture combination ecologic planting be after 2 years, soil salt content by
More than 1.3% is down to less than 0.3%, refers to table 2, and the plant percent planted is more than 95% and well-grown；Sylvan life agriculture
Vermiculture harvests 7000 kilograms of earthworm on industry discarded object；Institute's Planting Medicago sativa is harvested 3 times for 1 year on earthworm metabolin, harvests dry
Matter total amount is 1500 kilograms；In addition this technique is improved the soil using water wisely 20% than traditional desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, and realizing ecological, environmental protective, circulation can hold
It is continuous, improve reclamation of salinep-alkali soil effect and utilization rate.
Total salt and pH after the soil improvement of table 2
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in essence of the invention
Within god and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of sustainable synthesis improvement method of marine solonchak ecological circulation, it is characterised in that：
Comprise the following steps：
1) it is smooth to intend improvement plot, underdrainage system is built according to marine solonchak property；
2) unwrapping wire is pinpointed, plant pit is excavated, nursery stock is planted；
3) nursery stock is in the ranks spaced laying earthworm bed per two neighboring, introduces a fine variety earthworm；
4) new earthworm bed is in the ranks laid in earthworm bed in the ranks adjacent；
5) transfer earthworm bed part earthworm harvests the remaining earthworm on earthworm bed to the new earthworm bed newly completed；
6) long-term cropping on the bed of the earthworm containing wormcast after earthworm is harvested；
Repeat step 4), 5), 6)；
Preferably, earthworm bed or new earthworm bed are returned after the dry branches and fallen leaves of the nursery stock of plantation and crop is crushed.
2. the sustainable synthesis improvement method of marine solonchak ecological circulation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 6)
The crop of middle plantation is one or more in cereal crops, industrial crops, insutrial crop, forage crop, medicinal crop；
Preferably, the industrial crops are one or more in oil crops, vegetable crop, hobby crop.
3. the sustainable synthesis improvement method of marine solonchak ecological circulation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step
1) when building underdrainage system in, main water drenching ditch, main water drenching french drain, branch water drenching ditch and branch water drenching french drain, main water drenching french drain are dug
And laying stone nitre in branch water drenching french drain, form latticed drainage system；
Preferably, the main water drenching ditch at intervals of 18m~22m, the branch water drenching ditch is vertical with the main water drenching ditch, the branch
Water drenching ditch at intervals of 1.5m~3m；
Preferably, in step 1) in build underdrainage system comprise the following steps that：Laterally dug at interval of 20m 50cm wide,
The main water drenching ditch of deep 80cm；A 30cm wide suitable for reading, lower mouth 20cm wide, the deep main water drenchings of 30cm are dug downwards at main water drenching bottom of trench center
French drain；To net stone nitre is filled in main water drenching french drain, original soil is also become owner of in water drenching ditch；The main water drenching ditch for having dug intersects 90
Degree, at interval of 2m, then digs 50cm wide, the branch water drenching ditch of deep 60cm；A 20cm suitable for reading, lower mouth are dug downwards in branch water drenching bottom of trench
The branch water drenching french drain of 15cm, deep 20cm；To net stone nitre is filled in branch water drenching french drain, original soil is also entered in branch water drenching ditch.
4. the sustainable synthesis improvement method of marine solonchak ecological circulation according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Step 2)
Middle excavation plant pit is excavated on branch water drenching ditch；Preferably, distance between rows and hills is 3m*3m.
5. the sustainable synthesis improvement method of marine solonchak ecological circulation according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Step 2)
Conditioner and organic fertilizer are mixed during middle plantation nursery stock；
Preferably, the ratio that mixes of conditioner and organic fertilizer and cave soil is 1：10 volume ratios.
6. the sustainable synthesis improvement method of marine solonchak ecological circulation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 3)
Middle laying earthworm bed and step 4) in laying new earthworm bed material used be the plant and animal residuess such as fowl and animal excrement and crop material；
Laying earthworm bed position in the ranks, is spaced in nursery stock.
7. the sustainable synthesis improvement method of marine solonchak ecological circulation according to claim any one of 1-6, its feature exists
In：The width of earthworm bedside degree and new earthworm bedside degree with nursery stock line space is identical, is highly 15~30cm.
8. the sustainable synthesis improvement method of marine solonchak ecological circulation according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：Step 3)
And 5) in, earthworm introduces a fine variety density and is 0.4~0.6kg/m3。
9. the sustainable synthesis improvement method of marine solonchak ecological circulation according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：Step 3)
And 5) in introduce a fine variety earthworm after, earthworm bed and new earthworm bed humidity are controlled 35%~55%.
10. the sustainable synthesis improvement method of marine solonchak ecological circulation according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：In step
It is rapid 3) in earthworm bed and step 4) in be equipped with fine-spraying belt on new earthworm bed；
Preferably, during temperature >=35 DEG C, weeds or straw are added a cover on earthworm bed；
Preferably, the thickness of weeds or straw is 3~5cm.
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| CN107980535A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-05-04 | 山东胜景旅游发展有限公司 | A kind of method afforested on salt-soda soil |
| CN109221016A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-18 | 苏丛 | A kind of method and earthworm separator of hayashishita three-dimensional culture earthworm |
| CN109348765A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-02-19 | 泓森林业有限公司 | A method of timbered soil is improved using earthworm |
| CN112020927A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-04 | 盐城工学院 | Method for improving soil structure of coastal saline soil |
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| CN109221016A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-18 | 苏丛 | A kind of method and earthworm separator of hayashishita three-dimensional culture earthworm |
| CN109348765A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-02-19 | 泓森林业有限公司 | A method of timbered soil is improved using earthworm |
| CN112020927A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-04 | 盐城工学院 | Method for improving soil structure of coastal saline soil |
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