CN106868874A - 纺织品用包覆无卤阻燃剂及制备方法 - Google Patents
纺织品用包覆无卤阻燃剂及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明纺织品用包覆无卤阻燃剂及制备方法,由数均分子量1000~2000的端羟基化合物100~150份、三羟甲基丙烷或丙三醇10~30份、多异氰酸酯化合物50~180份、溶剂50~100 份、催化剂0.05‑0.5份,在80~90℃反应4.0~6.0小时后,降温到20~40℃,加入聚磷酸铵50‑100份进行聚合反应2.0‑3.0小时制得,不仅解决聚磷酸铵易吸湿降解问题,而且使用范围也可应用于水性体系,并有效提升阻燃剂的耐寒性能,纺织品手感柔软。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及的是纺织品后整理技术,是一种纺织品用无卤阻燃剂及制备方法。
背景技术
聚磷酸铵属于无卤环保阻燃剂,具有价廉、高效、无卤环保等优点,但存在吸湿问题,为解决此问题普遍采用对聚磷酸铵进行包覆的方法。
目前市面包覆型聚磷酸铵阻燃剂种类很多,但包覆原料种类不同会导致包覆后的聚磷酸铵阻燃剂的应用性能产生差别。此外,目前市面多数包覆聚磷酸铵阻燃剂仅适用于溶剂型胶粘剂的添加使用。
中国专利CN 103215818B《用于纺织品的阻燃涂层胶及其制备方法》其采用原料三聚氰胺与聚磷酸铵在球磨机中球磨,使聚磷酸铵表面包覆三聚氰胺,然后加入丙酮、甲苯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、三苯基甲烷三异氰酸酯、二环已基碳二亚胺、三羟甲基乙烷反应制得微胶囊化聚磷酸铵阻燃剂。而后其将以上阻燃剂复配溶剂型涂层胶、环状磷酸酯、三氧化二锑制成阻燃涂层胶,用于纯棉帆布涂层,织物具有阻燃效果。其首先将三聚氰胺与聚磷酸铵使用球磨机球磨,使得聚磷酸铵表面包覆上一层三聚氰胺膜,其采用物理方法将聚磷酸铵与三聚氰胺共混,因此在结合牢度并不理想。其次,其复配制成阻燃涂层胶所使用原料三氧化二锑、溶剂型涂层胶不环保,其制备的微胶囊化聚磷酸铵阻燃剂仅应用于溶剂体系。而且经其涂层胶整理的棉帆布不具备除阻燃性能以外的其他性能。
中国专利CN103252200B《微胶囊化聚磷酸铵阻燃剂及其制备方法》其采用原料三聚氰胺与聚磷酸铵在球磨机中球磨,使聚磷酸铵表面包覆三聚氰胺,然后加入丙酮、甲苯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、三苯基甲烷三异氰酸酯、二环已基碳二亚胺、三羟甲基乙烷反应制得微胶囊化聚磷酸铵阻燃剂,制备的阻燃剂有优良的阻燃性能,但除此之外无其它性能。同时,其微胶囊化聚磷酸铵阻燃剂使用的原料单体均为硬单体,不能提供给织物良好的手感。此外,其不含有可提供耐寒性的单体,因此经其制备阻燃剂也不具备耐寒性能。所以,现有技术并非理想。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种纺织品用包覆无卤阻燃剂的制备方法,不仅解决聚磷酸铵易吸湿降解问题,而且阻燃剂的使用范围也可应用于水性体系,并有效提升阻燃剂的耐寒性能,在低温条件下不影响纺织品手感。
本发明纺织品用无卤阻燃剂:
原料按质量配比:
端羟基聚合物(数均分子量1000~2000) 100~150份;
三羟甲基丙烷或丙三醇 10~30份;
多异氰酸酯化合物 50~180份;
溶剂 50~100 份;
催化剂 0.05-0.5份;
聚磷酸铵 50-100份;
经聚合反应制得;
产品化学指标:
外观:白色粘稠状
pH值:7±1
溶解性:与水互溶,与溶剂互溶。
所述的端羟基聚合物为:聚氧化丙烯二醇、聚四氢呋喃二醇、端烃羟基聚硅氧烷,其中之一或两种结合使用;
所述的多异氰酸酯化合物为:甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(H12MDI)其中之一或两种结合使用;
所述的溶剂为:丙酮、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、四氢呋喃、二氧六环,其中之一或两种结合使用;
所述的催化剂为:二月桂酸二丁基锡、二醋酸二丁基锡其中之一;
所述的聚磷酸铵:分子聚合度大于1500。
本发明纺织品用无卤阻燃剂制备方法:
原料按质量配比
在反应釜中加入数均分子量1000~2000的端羟基聚合物100~150份、三羟甲基丙烷或丙三醇10~30份、多异氰酸酯化合物50~180份、溶剂50~100 份、催化剂0.05-0.5份,在80~90℃反应4.0~6.0小时后,降温到20~40℃,加入聚磷酸铵50-100份进行聚合反应2.0-3.0小时,用滤布过滤,得产品。
所述的端羟基聚合物为:聚氧化丙烯二醇、聚四氢呋喃二醇、端烃羟基聚硅氧烷,其中之一或两种结合使用;
所述的多异氰酸酯化合物为:甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(H12MDI)其中之一或两种结合使用;
所述的溶剂为:丙酮、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、四氢呋喃、二氧六环,其中之一或两种结合使用;
所述的催化剂为:二月桂酸二丁基锡、二醋酸二丁基锡其中之一;
所述的聚磷酸铵:分子聚合度大于1500。
本发明选用端羟基聚合物、多异氰酸酯化合物、三羟甲基丙烷或丙三醇、溶剂、催化剂、聚磷酸铵进行聚合反应,聚合反应产生的异氰酸酯基团可与聚磷酸铵的氨基反应,封闭掉聚磷酸铵的氨基亲水基团,解决聚磷酸铵水中降解导致阻燃性降低。
同时,聚合反应产生的异氰酸酯基团可与水中的羟基反应,使聚合后阻燃剂可应用于水性体系,进一步增大聚磷酸铵的使用范围。
包覆原料中软单体和有机硅,有利于提升织物柔软性和耐寒。
本发明聚合反应后,聚氨酯预聚体上的-NCO可与聚磷酸铵粒子表面的铵基(-NH4)反应,使其亲水性变成了拒水性,进而聚氨酯预聚体在聚磷酸铵粒子的表面形成了拒水膜,避免了水与聚磷酸铵的接触,克服了聚磷酸铵水解,阻燃性能降低的问题。
同时,聚氨酯预聚体在聚磷酸铵粒子的表面形成了拒水膜后,还能解决聚磷酸铵在涂层烘干后膜吸湿潮解使手感变粘的问题。
此外,聚磷酸铵被聚氨酯预聚体包覆后更易分散于水性树脂乳液,扩大了包覆后聚磷酸铵阻燃剂的使用范围。
端羟基聚合物中聚氧化丙烯二醇、聚四氢呋喃二醇属于软单体,添加有利于进一步增加织物的耐寒性和手感柔软性。
引入端羟基聚合物使包覆后阻燃剂表面含有亲水基团,产品能分散于水性体系,扩大聚磷酸铵阻燃剂的使用范围。
端烃羟基聚硅氧烷属于有机硅,其含有硅氧烷;硅氧烷柔软,其粘流活化性能很小,当温度降到-136℃,硅氧烷还存在链段运动,因此其耐低温、耐寒性好,面料在零下30-40℃仍具有较好的手感。
催化剂的添加增加了反应速率及反应的稳定性。
具体实施方式
实施例1
在配有温度计、冷凝器、搅拌器的反应釜中加入数均分子量2000的聚四氢呋喃二醇50份、数均分子量1000的聚氧化丙烯二醇50份、三羟甲基丙烷10份、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)50份、丙酮50份、二月桂酸二丁基锡0.05份,在90℃反应4.0小时后,降温到35℃,加入聚磷酸铵50份进行聚合反应2小时,用滤布过滤、放料,得产品。
实施例2
在配有温度计、冷凝器、搅拌器的反应釜中加入数均分子量1000的聚四氢呋喃二醇70份、数均分子量2000的端烃羟基聚硅氧烷60份、丙三醇15份、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)52份、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)55份、N-甲基吡咯烷酮30份、四氢呋喃50份、二醋酸二丁基锡 0.1份,在85℃反应5.0小时后,降温到20℃,加入聚磷酸铵80份进行聚合反应2.5小时,用滤布过滤、放料,得产品。
实施例3
在配有温度计、冷凝器、搅拌器的反应釜中加入数均分子量2000的聚氧化丙烯二醇150份 、三羟甲基丙烷30份、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(H12MDI) 180份、二氧六环30份、丙酮70份、二醋酸二丁基锡 0.5份,在83℃反应5.5小时后,降温到30℃,加入聚磷酸铵100份进行聚合反应2.0小时,用滤布过滤、放料,得产品。
实施例4
在配有温度计、冷凝器、搅拌器的反应釜中加入数均分子量1500的聚氧化丙烯二醇80份、数均分子量1500的聚四氢呋喃二醇60份、三羟甲基丙烷18份、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(H12MDI)60份、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)43.3份、四氢呋喃30份、二氧六环30份、二月桂酸二丁基锡0.1份,在81℃反应5.5小时后,降温到25℃,加入聚磷酸铵70份进行聚合反应2.3小时,用滤布过滤、放料,得产品。
实施例5
在配有温度计、冷凝器、搅拌器的反应釜中加入数均分子量2000的聚四氢呋喃二醇130份、丙三醇13份、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)92.2份、二氧六环 90份、二醋酸二丁基锡0.25份,在84℃反应5.2小时后,降温到30℃,加入聚磷酸铵90份进行包覆反应2.8小时,用滤布过滤、放料,得产品。
实施例6
在配有温度计、冷凝器、搅拌器的反应釜中加入数均分子量2000的聚氧化丙烯二醇80份、数均分子量2000的端烃羟基聚硅氧烷50份、三羟甲基丙烷25份、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(H12MDI)70份、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)60份、二氧六环30份、N-甲基吡咯烷酮70份、二醋酸二丁基锡 0.5份,在83℃反应5.5小时后,降温到30℃,加入聚磷酸铵90份进行聚合反应2.0小时,用滤布过滤、放料,得产品。
实施例7
在配有温度计、冷凝器、搅拌器的反应釜中加入数均分子量2000的端烃羟基聚硅氧烷120份、丙三醇18份、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(H12MDI)120份、N-甲基吡咯烷酮70份、二醋酸二丁基锡 0.3份,在88℃反应4.5小时后,降温到30℃,加入聚磷酸铵95份进行聚合反应2.0小时,用滤布过滤、放料,得产品。
实施例8
在配有温度计、冷凝器、搅拌器的反应釜中加入数均分子量1000的聚四氢呋喃二醇45份、数均分子量1500的聚氧化丙烯二醇70份、三羟甲基丙烷17份、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)93份、丙酮30份、N-甲基吡咯烷酮50份、二月桂酸二丁基锡0.4份,在90℃反应4.0小时后,降温到35℃,加入聚磷酸铵65份进行聚合反应2小时,用滤布过滤、放料,得产品。
实施例9
在配有温度计、冷凝器、搅拌器的反应釜中加入数均分子量1500的聚氧化丙烯二醇125份、三羟甲基丙烷14份、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(H12MDI)60份、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)65份、四氢呋喃90份、二月桂酸二丁基锡0.2份,在81℃反应5.5小时后,降温到25℃,加入聚磷酸铵78份进行聚合反应2.3小时,用滤布过滤、放料,得产品。
实施例10
在配有温度计、冷凝器、搅拌器的反应釜中加入数均分子量1500的聚四氢呋喃二醇55份、数均分子量2000的端烃羟基聚硅氧烷75份、丙三醇19份、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)75份、四氢呋喃35份、丙酮65份、二月桂酸二丁基锡0.08份,在83℃反应5小时后,降温到25℃,加入聚磷酸铵88份进行聚合反应2.3小时,用滤布过滤、放料,得产品。
上述原料按质量配比。
实验例
取本发明实施例1-10产品50g加入水性聚氨酯粘合剂FS-780产品50g中,搅拌均匀制备实验例1-10阻燃涂层胶。
水性聚氨酯粘合剂FS-780为辽宁恒星精细化工有限公司产品。
基布260T涤纶春亚纺,经过轧光(100℃,90t)后,分别用上述阻燃涂层胶进行涂层,涂层刀厚2.0mm,涂两刀,焙烘温度160℃焙烘2min,干增重35g/m2。
阻燃性:按GB/T 5455-1997《纺织品 燃烧性能试验 垂直法》标准测试。
耐寒性能:按FZ/T 01007-2008《涂层织物 耐低温性的测定》标准测试。
水洗测试:按 GB/T8629-2001 《纺织品 试验用家庭洗涤和干燥程序》,5A程序测试。
检测结果表明,本产品状态稳定,有效解决聚磷酸铵类产品的吸湿性能。能与水与溶剂互溶,扩大了聚磷酸阻燃剂的使用范围。本产品与水性聚氨酯粘合剂结合后整理的纺织品具有好的阻燃性能、耐寒性能及手感,此外本产品耐水洗、不降解。
Claims (3)
1.纺织品用包覆无卤阻燃剂,其特征是:
原料按质量配比
端羟基聚合物 数均分子量1000~2000 100~150份;
三羟甲基丙烷或丙三醇 10~30份;
多异氰酸酯化合物 50~180份;
溶剂 50~100 份;
催化剂 0.05-0.5份;
聚磷酸铵 50-100份;
经聚合反应制得;
产品化学指标:
外观:白色粘稠状
pH值:7±1
溶解性:与水互溶,与溶剂互溶;
所述的端羟基聚合物为:聚氧化丙烯二醇、聚四氢呋喃二醇、端烃羟基聚硅氧烷,其中之一或两种结合使用;
所述的多异氰酸酯化合物为:甲苯二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯其中之一或两种结合使用;
所述的溶剂为:丙酮、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、四氢呋喃、二氧六环,其中之一或两种结合使用;
所述的催化剂为:二月桂酸二丁基锡、二醋酸二丁基锡其中之一;
所述的聚磷酸铵:分子聚合度大于1500。
2.纺织品用包覆无卤阻燃剂制备方法,其特征是:
原料按质量配比
在反应釜中加入数均分子量1000~2000的端羟基聚合物100~150份、三羟甲基丙烷或丙三醇10~30份、多异氰酸酯化合物50~180份、溶剂50~100 份、催化剂0.05-0.5份,在80~90℃反应4.0~6.0小时后,降温到20~40℃,加入聚磷酸铵50-100份进行聚合反应2.0-3.0小时,用滤布过滤,得产品;
所述的端羟基聚合物为:聚氧化丙烯二醇、聚四氢呋喃二醇、端烃羟基聚硅氧烷,其中之一或两种结合使用;
所述的多异氰酸酯化合物为:甲苯二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯其中之一或两种结合使用;
所述的溶剂为:丙酮、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、四氢呋喃、二氧六环,其中之一或两种结合使用;
所述的催化剂为:二月桂酸二丁基锡、二醋酸二丁基锡其中之一;
所述的聚磷酸铵:分子聚合度大于1500。
3.如权利要求2方法制得的纺织品用包覆无卤阻燃剂。
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