CN106822801A - 一种治疗肝肾囊肿的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种治疗肝肾囊肿的药物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106822801A
CN106822801A CN201710222140.7A CN201710222140A CN106822801A CN 106822801 A CN106822801 A CN 106822801A CN 201710222140 A CN201710222140 A CN 201710222140A CN 106822801 A CN106822801 A CN 106822801A
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李少伦
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种治疗肝肾囊肿的药物及其制备方法，其是由桂枝、茯苓、牡丹皮、桃仁、三棱、莪术、薏苡仁、灵芝、白芍、瓜蒌、山楂、丹参、当归、延胡索、鱼腥草、黄芪、红花、甘草、板蓝根、柴胡、白花蛇舌草、茵陈蒿、黄芩、枳壳、半夏、陈皮按一定重量配比制备而成，本发明药物具有行气破血，消积止痛，养血柔肝，缓中止痛，清热解毒，利尿消肿的功能，用于治疗肝肾囊肿见效快、疗效好，不复发。

Description

一种治疗肝肾囊肿的药物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗肝肾囊肿的药物及其制备方法，属中药领域。
背景技术
肝肾囊肿中以孤立性囊肿及多囊肝多见，孤立性肝囊肿通常无任何症状，若囊肿较大可出现压迫症状，如腹痛、恶心、腹泻等。囊肿的发生部位以右肝居多。多发性肝囊肿又称多囊肝，有半数以上的病人合并有多囊肾，多囊肝常侵犯整个肝脏，也有少数多囊肝病人的病变局限于肝脏的一叶或半肝范围。由于西药治疗副作用大，因此人们对有效治疗肝肾囊肿的中药药物存在极大的需求，至今为止，还没有发现关于本发明的有关报道。
发明内容
本发明人依据中医理论的研究和临床试验的反复验证，终于找到了有效治疗肝肾囊肿的药物，从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种有效治疗肝肾囊肿的中药组合药物。
本发明的另一目的就是提供了该中药组合药物的制备方法。
本发明药物是选择桂枝、茯苓、牡丹皮、桃仁、三棱、莪术、薏苡仁、灵芝、白芍、瓜蒌、山楂、丹参、当归、延胡索、鱼腥草、黄芪、红花、甘草、板蓝根、柴胡、白花蛇舌草、茵陈蒿、黄芩、枳壳、半夏、陈皮进行组合制备的，将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用，从而能够有效治疗肝肾囊肿。其中选用桂枝是因为其性味辛甘，温，入膀胱、心、肺经，有发汗解肌，温经通脉的功能，治风寒表证，肩背肢节酸疼，胸痹痰饮，经闭癥瘕。选用茯苓是因为其性味甘淡，平，入心、脾、肺经，有渗湿利水，益脾和胃，宁心安神的功能，治小便不利水肿胀痛，痰饮咳逆，呕哕，泄泻，遗精，淋浊，惊悸，健忘。选用牡丹皮是因为其性味辛苦，凉，入心、肝、肾经，有清热，凉血，和血，消瘀的功能，治热入血分，发斑，惊癎，吐、衄、便血，骨蒸劳热，经闭，癥瘕，痈疡，扑损。选用桃仁是因为其性味苦甘，平，入心、肝、大肠经，有破血行瘀，润燥滑经的功能，治经闭，癥瘕，热病蓄血，血痹，疟疾，跌打损伤，瘀血肿痛，血燥便秘。选用三棱是因为其性味苦辛，平，入肝、脾经，有破血，行气，消积，止痛的功能，治癥瘕积聚，气血凝带，心腹疼痛，胁下胀疼，经闭，产后瘀血腹痛，跌打损伤，疮肿坚硬。选用莪术是因为其性味辛、苦、温。归肝、脾经。行气破血，消积止痛。用于癥瘕痞块，瘀血经闭，食积胀痛，跌打肿痛，早期宫颈癌。选用薏苡仁是因为其性味甘淡，凉，入脾、肺、肾经，有健脾，补肺，清热，利湿的功能，治泄泻，湿痹，筋脉拘挛，屈伸不利，水肿，脚气，肺痿，肺痈，肠痈，淋浊，白带。选用灵芝是因为其性味甘，平，归心、肺、肝、肾经，有补气安神，止咳平喘的功能，治眩晕不眠，心悸气短，虚劳咳喘。选用白芍是因为其性味苦酸，凉，入肝、脾经，有养血柔肝，缓中止痛，敛阴收汗的功能，治胸腹胁肋疼痛，泻痢腹痛，自汗盗汗，阴虚发热，月经不调，崩漏，带下。选用瓜蒌是因为其性味甘、微苦，寒，归肺、胃、大肠经，有清热涤痰，宽胸散结，润燥滑肠的功能，治肺热咳嗽，痰浊黄稠，胸痹心痛，结胸痞满，乳痈，肠痈，大便秘结。选用山楂是因为其性味酸甘，微温，入脾、胃、肝经，有消食积，散瘀血，驱绦虫的功能，治肉积，癥瘕，痰饮，痞满，吞酸，泻痢，肠风，腰痛，疝气，产后儿枕痛，恶露不尽，小儿乳食停滞。选用丹参是因为其性味苦，微温，入心、肝经，有活血祛痰，安神宁心，排脓，止痛的功能，治心绞痛，月经不调，痛经，经闭，血崩带下，癥瘕，积聚，瘀血腹痛，骨节疼痛，惊悸不眠，恶疮肿毒。选用当归是因为其性味甘辛，温，入心、肝、脾经，有补血和血，调经止痛，润燥滑肠的功能，治月经不调，经闭腹痛，癥瘕结聚，崩漏，血虚头痛，眩晕，痿痹，肠燥难便，赤痢后重，痈疽疮疡，金疮，跌扑损伤。选用延胡索是因为其性味辛苦，温，入肝、胃经，有活血，散瘀，理气，止痛的功能，治心腹腰膝诸痛，月经不调，癥瘕，崩中，产后血晕，恶露不尽，跌打损伤。选用鱼腥草是因为其性味辛，寒，入手太阴经，有清热解毒，利尿消肿的功能，治肺炎，肺脓疡，热痢，疟疾，水肿，淋病，白带，痈肿，痔疮，脱肛，湿疹，秃疮，疥癣。选用黄芪是因为其性味甘，微温，入肺、脾经，生用有益卫固表，利水消肿，托毒，生肌的功能，治自汗，盗汗，血痹，浮肿，痈疽不溃或溃久敛；炙用有补中益的功能，治内伤劳倦，脾虚泄泻，脱肛，气虚血脱，崩带及一切气衰血虚之症。选用红花是因为其性味辛，温，入心、肝经，有活血通经，去瘀止痛的功能，治经闭，癥瘕，难产，死胎，产后恶露不行，瘀血作痛，痈肿，跌扑损伤。选用甘草是因为其性味甘平，入脾、胃、肺经，有和中缓急，润肺，解毒，调和诸药的功能，炙用治脾胃虚弱，食少，腹痛便溏，劳倦发热，肺痿咳嗽，心悸，惊痈，生用治咽喉肿痛，消化性溃疡，痈疽疮疡，解药毒及食物中毒。选用板蓝根是因为其性味苦，寒，入肝、胃血分，有清热，解毒，凉血的功能，治流感，流脑，乙脑，肺炎，丹毒，热毒发斑，神昏吐衄，咽肿，痄腮，火眼，疮疹。选用柴胡是因为其性味苦，凉，入肝、胆经，有和解表里，疏肝，升阳的功能，治寒热往来，胸满胁痛，口苦耳聋，头痛目眩，疟疾，下利脱肛，月经不调，子宫下垂。选用白花蛇舌草是因为其性味苦甘，寒，入心、肝、脾三经，有清热，利湿，解毒的功能，治肺热喘咳，扁桃体炎，咽喉炎，阑尾炎，痢疾，黄疸，盆腔炎，附件炎，痈肿疔疮，毒蛇咬伤。选用茵陈蒿是因为其性味苦辛，凉，入肝、脾、膀胱经，有清热利湿的功能，治湿热黄疸，小便不利，风痒疮疥。选用黄芩是因为其性味苦寒，入心肺、胆、大肠经，有泻实火，除湿热，止血安胎的功能，治壮热烦渴，肺热咳嗽。选用枳壳是因为其性味苦辛，凉，入肺、脾、大肠经，有破气，行痰，消积的功能，治胸膈痰滞，胸痞，胁胀，食积，噫气，呕逆，下痢后重，脱肛，子宫脱垂。选用半夏是因为其性味辛，温，有毒，入脾、胃经，有燥湿化痰，降逆止呕，消痞散结的功能，治湿痰冷饮，呕吐，反胃，咳喘痰多，胸膈胀满，痰厥头痛，头晕不眠，外消痈肿。选用陈皮是因为其性味苦、辛，温，归肺、脾经，有理气健脾，燥湿化痰的功能，治胸脘胀满，食少吐泻，咳嗽痰多。
具体实施方式
本发明组分的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的，各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好的疗效：
桂枝10-14克，茯苓10-20克，牡丹皮5-15克，桃仁7-11克，三棱10-14克，莪术5-15克，薏苡仁10-14克，灵芝4-8克，白芍10-14克，瓜蒌10-14克，山楂10-14克，丹参10-20克，当归10-20克，延胡索5-15克，鱼腥草10-20克，黄芪10-20克，红花4-8克，甘草4-8克，板蓝根10-20克，柴胡10-14克，白花蛇舌草10-20克，茵陈蒿25-35克，黄芩10-20克，枳壳10-20克，半夏10-20克，陈皮10-20克。
优选为：
桂枝12克，茯苓15克，牡丹皮10克，桃仁9克，三棱12克，莪术10克，薏苡仁12克，灵芝6克，白芍12克，瓜蒌12克，山楂12克，丹参15克，当归15克，延胡索10克，鱼腥草15克，黄芪15克，红花6克，甘草6克，板蓝根15克，柴胡12克，白花蛇舌草15克，茵陈蒿30克，黄芩15克，枳壳15克，半夏15克，陈皮15克。
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、桂枝：用水稍浸泡，捞出，闷润至透，切片，晾干，筛去屑；
2、茯苓：用水浸泡，洗净捞出，闷透后，切片，晒干；
3、牡丹皮：拣去杂质，除去木心，洗净，润透，切片，晾干；
4、桃仁：除去硬壳杂质，置沸水锅中煮至外皮微皱，捞出，浸入凉水中，搓去种皮，晒干，簸净；
5、三棱：拣净杂质，用水浸泡，捞出润透，切片，晒干；
6、莪术：取原药材，除去杂质，大小分档，洗净，略浸泡，取出，润透，切薄片，干燥，筛去碎屑；
7、薏苡仁：取原药材，除去残留皮壳、杂质；
8、灵芝：除去杂质，洗净，润软，切厚片，干燥，筛去碎屑；
9、白芍：拣去杂质，分开大小个，用水浸泡至八成透，捞出，晒晾，润至内外湿度均匀，切片，干燥；
10、瓜蒌：取原药材，除去杂质及果柄，洗净，压扁，切丝或小块，干燥；
11、山楂：拣净杂质，筛去核；
12、丹参：拣净杂质，除去根茎，洗净，捞出，润透后切片，晒干；
13、当归：拣去杂质，洗净，闷润，稍晾，切片晒干；
14、延胡索：拣去杂质，用水浸泡，洗净，晒晾，润至内外湿度均匀，切片或打碎；
15、鱼腥草：去净杂质，除去残根，洗净切段，晒干；
16、黄芪：拣净杂质，除去残留的根头和空心较大的根，用水浸泡；
17、红花：拣净杂质，除去茎叶、蒂头，晒干；
18、甘草：拣去杂质，洗净，用水浸泡至八成透时，捞出，润透，切片，晾干；
19、板蓝根：拣净杂质，洗净，润透，切片，晒干；
20、柴胡：拣去杂质，除去残茎，洗净泥沙，捞出，润透后及时切片，随即晒干；
21、白花蛇舌草：取原药材，除去杂质，抢水洗净，稍晾，切段，干燥，筛去灰屑；
22、茵陈蒿：过筛，拣去杂质，除去残根，碾碎，再过筛去净泥屑；
23、黄芩：拣去杂质，除去残茎，用凉水浸润或置开水中稍浸捞出，切片，晒干；
24、枳壳：除去瓤、核，冼净，稍浸，捞出，润软，以手能捏对折为止，切片，晾干；
25、半夏：拣去杂质，筛去灰屑；
26、陈皮：取原药材，除去杂质及变黑的果皮，抢水洗净，润软，切丝，晒干或低温干燥，筛去灰屑。
二、制备
1、将所述重量的桂枝、茯苓、牡丹皮、桃仁、三棱、莪术、薏苡仁、灵芝、白芍、瓜蒌、山楂、丹参、当归、延胡索、鱼腥草、黄芪、红花、甘草、板蓝根、柴胡、白花蛇舌草、茵陈蒿、黄芩、枳壳、半夏、陈皮放入煎药容器内，加水8倍量，浸泡100分钟后，武火煎煮沸腾，再用文火煎煮20分钟，过滤得第一次煎煮液，将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内；
2、将过滤的药渣加水6倍量，武火煮沸，再用文火煎煮20分钟，过滤得第二次煎煮液；
3、将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀，分为3剂服用。
组方中莪术有行气破血，消积止痛的功能为君药；白芍有养血柔肝，缓中止痛，敛阴收汗的功能；鱼腥草有清热解毒，利尿消肿的功能，二者为臣药，三味药共同发挥行气破血，消积止痛，养血柔肝，缓中止痛，清热解毒，利尿消肿的作用，治疗肝肾囊肿效力全面，且以行气破血，消积止痛，养血柔肝，清热解毒为主可治本，白花蛇舌草有清热，利湿，解毒的功能为佐药，甘草有和中缓急，润肺，解毒，调和诸药的功能为使药，与下余诸药是治标。
本发明药物具有行气破血，消积止痛，养血柔肝，缓中止痛，清热解毒，利尿消肿的功能，用于治疗肝肾囊肿，疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发。
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果，这些试验例包括本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床疗效观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告：
取家兔30只，雌雄兼用，体重2.0—2.5kg，分两组，每组15只，其中一组为超剂量试验组，另一组为正常量试验组。超常量组为20ml/kg，正常量为10ml/kg，给药方式为灌胃法给药，每天两次，连服7天，每天观察给药反应，结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常，药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物的临床疗效观察
1、一般资料
收治肝肾囊肿门诊患者共32例。
2、诊断标准
肝肾囊肿常见的疼痛位于胁腹及背部，通常呈间歇性钝痛。当出血使囊壁扩张时，可出现突发性剧痛。胃肠道症状偶可出现，而疑为消化性溃疡或胆囊疾病。患者可自行发现腹部包块，尽管如此大的囊肿少见。当囊肿发生感染时，患者常诉胁腹疼痛，全身不适并有发热。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂，给患者服用，每次服用1剂，每天早、晚各服1次，10天为一个疗程，连续服用5个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效：肝肾囊肿症状消失，恢复正常，痊愈；
好转：肝肾囊肿症状明显好转，胁痛及腹部包块逐步消失；
无效：达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果（见下表）
在上述治疗中，用本发明药物治疗肝肾囊肿患者32例，结果显效26例，显效率为81.25%，好转4例，好转率为12.5%，无效2例，总有效率为93.75%。

Claims (3)

1.一种治疗肝肾囊肿的药物，其特征在于：它是由下列重量范围内的原料药制成：
桂枝10-14克，茯苓10-20克，牡丹皮5-15克，桃仁7-11克，三棱10-14克，莪术5-15克，薏苡仁10-14克，灵芝4-8克，白芍10-14克，瓜蒌10-14克，山楂10-14克，丹参10-20克，当归10-20克，延胡索5-15克，鱼腥草10-20克，黄芪10-20克，红花4-8克，甘草4-8克，板蓝根10-20克，柴胡10-14克，白花蛇舌草10-20克，茵陈蒿25-35克，黄芩10-20克，枳壳10-20克，半夏10-20克，陈皮10-20克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物，其中各原料药的用量为：
桂枝12克，茯苓15克，牡丹皮10克，桃仁9克，三棱12克，莪术10克，薏苡仁12克，灵芝6克，白芍12克，瓜蒌12克，山楂12克，丹参15克，当归15克，延胡索10克，鱼腥草15克，黄芪15克，红花6克，甘草6克，板蓝根15克，柴胡12克，白花蛇舌草15克，茵陈蒿30克，黄芩15克，枳壳15克，半夏15克，陈皮15克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法，它包括下列步骤：
（一）备料
（1）桂枝：用水稍浸泡，捞出，闷润至透，切片，晾干，筛去屑；
（2）茯苓：用水浸泡，洗净捞出，闷透后，切片，晒干；
（3）牡丹皮：拣去杂质，除去木心，洗净，润透，切片，晾干；
（4）桃仁：除去硬壳杂质，置沸水锅中煮至外皮微皱，捞出，浸入凉水中，搓去种皮，晒干，簸净；
（5）三棱：拣净杂质，用水浸泡，捞出润透，切片，晒干；
（6）莪术：取原药材，除去杂质，大小分档，洗净，略浸泡，取出，润透，切薄片，干燥，筛去碎屑；
（7）薏苡仁：取原药材，除去残留皮壳、杂质；
（8）灵芝：除去杂质，洗净，润软，切厚片，干燥，筛去碎屑；
（9）白芍：拣去杂质，分开大小个，用水浸泡至八成透，捞出，晒晾，润至内外湿度均匀，切片，干燥；
（10）瓜蒌：取原药材，除去杂质及果柄，洗净，压扁，切丝或小块，干燥；
（11）山楂：拣净杂质，筛去核；
（12）丹参：拣净杂质，除去根茎，洗净，捞出，润透后切片，晒干；
（13）当归：拣去杂质，洗净，闷润，稍晾，切片晒干；
（14）延胡索：拣去杂质，用水浸泡，洗净，晒晾，润至内外湿度均匀，切片或打碎；
（15）鱼腥草：去净杂质，除去残根，洗净切段，晒干；
（16）黄芪：拣净杂质，除去残留的根头和空心较大的根，用水浸泡；
（17）红花：拣净杂质，除去茎叶、蒂头，晒干；
（18）甘草：拣去杂质，洗净，用水浸泡至八成透时，捞出，润透，切片，晾干；
（19）板蓝根：拣净杂质，洗净，润透，切片，晒干；
（20）柴胡：拣去杂质，除去残茎，洗净泥沙，捞出，润透后及时切片，随即晒干；
（21）白花蛇舌草：取原药材，除去杂质，抢水洗净，稍晾，切段，干燥，筛去灰屑；
（22）茵陈蒿：过筛，拣去杂质，除去残根，碾碎，再过筛去净泥屑；
（23）黄芩：拣去杂质，除去残茎，用凉水浸润或置开水中稍浸捞出，切片，晒干；
（24）枳壳：除去瓤、核，冼净，稍浸，捞出，润软，以手能捏对折为止，切片，晾干；
（25）半夏：拣去杂质，筛去灰屑；
（26）陈皮：取原药材，除去杂质及变黑的果皮，抢水洗净，润软，切丝，晒干或低温干燥，筛去灰屑；
（二）制备
（1）将所述重量的桂枝、茯苓、牡丹皮、桃仁、三棱、莪术、薏苡仁、灵芝、白芍、瓜蒌、山楂、丹参、当归、延胡索、鱼腥草、黄芪、红花、甘草、板蓝根、柴胡、白花蛇舌草、茵陈蒿、黄芩、枳壳、半夏、陈皮放入煎药容器内，加水8倍量，浸泡100分钟后，武火煎煮沸腾，再用文火煎煮20分钟，过滤得第一次煎煮液，将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内；
（2）将过滤的药渣加水6倍量，武火煮沸，再用文火煎煮20分钟，过滤得第二次煎煮液；
（3）将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀，分为3剂服用。
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Citations (1)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1410093A (zh) * 2002-11-18 2003-04-16 祝坤 一种治疗囊肿的药物

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