CN106819437A - 一种预防牛、羊口炎病的饲料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种预防牛、羊口炎病的饲料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种预防牛、羊口炎病的饲料的制备方法，涉及饲料。步骤为：野蒜洗净搅碎，加水浸提，得野蒜浸提液和野蒜粉；亚麻籽饼粕微波脱毒，接种乳酸杆菌发酵进行微生物脱毒，烘干粉碎；秸秆和薄荷切段；青黛、白豆蔻、黄连、儿茶、神曲、僵蚕分别粉碎；金银花加水蒸煮，冷却打浆；万寿菊加水蒸煮冷却打浆；称取以下重量份的各组分：青黛2—3、白豆蔻2‑3、黄连1—2、薄荷1—2、儿茶1—2、神曲1‑2、僵蚕1‑2、野蒜粉1‑2、亚麻饼粕20‑25、玉米粉40—45、秸秆50—60、野蒜浸提液5‑6、金银花汁液5‑6、万寿菊汁液5‑6，搅拌即得。本发明饲料可显著的降低牛、羊口炎病的发病率和死亡率，降低经济损失。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及饲料，具体涉及一种预防牛、羊口炎病的饲料的制备方法。
背景技术
口炎病是的口腔黏膜表层和深层组织的炎症。原发性口炎多由外伤引起；继发性口炎则多发生于患口疮、口蹄疫、羊痘、霉菌性口炎、过敏反应和营养不良时。病症为食欲减少，口内流涎，咀嚼缓慢，欲吃而不敢吃，当继发细菌时有口臭；其中卡他性口炎，病羊表现口黏膜发红、充血、肿胀、疼痛，特别在唇内、齿龈、颊部明显；水疱性口炎，病羊的上下唇内有很多大小不等的充满透明或黄色液体的水疱；溃疡性口炎，在黏膜上出现有溃疡性病灶，口内恶臭，体温升高；上述各类型口炎可以单独出现，也可相继或交错发生。在临床上以卡他性（黏膜的表层）口炎较为多见，继发性口炎常伴有关疾病的其他症状。
现有技术对本病的预防措施主要有：（1）加强饲养管理，防止外伤性原发口炎，传染病并发口炎，应隔离消毒，饲槽、饲草可用2%的碱水刷洗消毒；（2）喂给柔软富含营养易消化的草料，要补喂牛奶、羊奶；（3）轻度口炎的病羊可选用0.1%高锰酸钾、0.1%雷夫奴尔水溶液、3%硼酸水、10%浓盐水、2%明矾水、鲁格液等反复冲洗口腔，洗毕后涂碘甘油，每天1-2次，直至痊愈为止；（4）病羊体温升高，继发细菌感染时，可用青霉素40-80万单位，链霉素100万单位，肌肉注射，每天2次，连用2-3天；（5）服用或注射碘胺类药物。综上所述的治疗方法，基本是对已经发病的病羊进行治疗，然而口炎病一旦发病，其后果就比较严重。
针对口炎病应以预防为主这一特点，本发明研发了一种预防牛、羊口炎病的饲料。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种预防牛、羊口炎病的饲料的制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种预防牛、羊口炎病的饲料的制备方法，步骤为：
(1)将野蒜洗净、搅碎，加4-5倍质量的水浸提3-5h，其中滤液为油性野蒜浸提液，滤渣烘干得到野蒜粉；
(2)将亚麻籽饼粕控制温度在15-20%，进行微波脱毒，然后接种乳酸杆菌，控制温度在35-45℃，湿度在30-35%，发酵4-5天，进行微生物脱毒，然后烘干后，粉碎成10—40目粉状物；
(3)将秸秆和薄荷分别切成小于3厘米的小段；
(4)将青黛、白豆蔻、黄连、儿茶、神曲、僵蚕分别粉碎成10—40目粉状物；
(5)将金银花加4-5倍质量的水蒸煮，冷却后进行打浆，得到金银花汁液；
(6)将万寿菊加4-5倍质量的水蒸煮，冷却后进行打浆，得到万寿菊汁液；
(7)称取以下重量份的上述各组分：青黛2—3、白豆蔻2-3、黄连1—2、薄荷1—2、儿茶1—2、神曲1-2、僵蚕1-2、野蒜粉1-2、亚麻饼粕20-25、玉米粉40—45、秸秆50—60、野蒜浸提液5-6、金银花汁液5-6、万寿菊汁液5-6，搅拌均匀，即得。
进一步地，所述的步骤(7)称取以下重量份的上述各组分：青黛2.5、白豆蔻2、黄连2 、薄荷1、儿茶2、神曲1.5、僵蚕1、野蒜粉1.5、亚麻饼粕25、玉米粉42、秸秆60、野蒜浸提液5.5、金银花汁液5 Kg、万寿菊汁液6。
本发明饲料为预防性饲料，针对性强，有一定的湿度，保存期短，一般为10-15天，当牛、羊出现外伤等轻微症状时，开始饲喂，可以显著的降低发病率。
本发明饲料组合物中，儿茶用于溃疡不敛、湿疹、口疮、外伤出血等症状，具有收湿生肌敛疮的功效；青黛用于热毒发斑、吐血等症状，具有清热泻火，凉血解毒的功效；黄连用于湿热痞满、目赤、牙痛等症状，具有清热燥湿，泻火解毒的功效；薄荷用于咽喉肿痛、口疮、食滞气胀等症状，具有疏散风热，清利头目，利咽透疹，疏肝行气的功效；即本发明儿茶、青黛、黄连、薄荷，相互作用，起到清热燥湿、泻火解毒的功效，预防羊口炎病的病发；而白豆蔻味辛，性温，能行气温中，散寒燥湿，开胃消食，神曲味辛甘，性温，能开胃口，增进饮食；即白豆蔻和神曲互为补充，相互作用，起到开胃消食、增进食欲，提高羊的免疫力，进一步起到预防病发的作用；而野蒜粉、野蒜浸提液、金银花和万寿菊汁液进一步杀菌解毒，对大肠杆菌、霍乱弧菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、痢疾杆菌、变形杆菌、伤寒杆菌、绿脓杆菌等起到抑制作用。
采用本发明饲料进行预防口炎病比较试验，选择100头西门塔尔牛和100只夏洛莱羊作为试验对象，试验时间为6个月，试验对象的基本情况及试验结果见表1。
表1 本发明饲料与对照饲料的试验情况
| 处理 | 发明饲料 | 对照饲料 | 发明饲料 | 对照饲料 |
| 品种 | 西门塔尔 | 西门塔尔 | 夏洛莱羊 | 夏洛莱羊 |
| 体重 | 700-800斤 | 700-800斤 | 80-120斤 | 80-120斤 |
| 年龄 | 13-16月龄 | 13-16月龄 | 8-12月龄 | 8-12月龄 |
| 试验时间 | 6个月 | 6个月 | 6个月 | 6个月 |
| 数量 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| 发病数 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 7 |
| 发病率 | 1% | 6% | 1% | 7% |
本发明饲料与对照饲料对西门塔尔牛的试验结果表明：用本发明饲料比对照饲料的发病率，牛降低了5个百分点；本发明饲料与对照饲料对夏洛莱羊的试验结果表明：用本发明饲料比对照饲料的发病率降低了6个百分点。
本发明饲料可显著的降低牛、羊口炎病的发病率和死亡率，降低经济损失。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
一种预防牛、羊口炎病的饲料的制备方法，步骤为：
（1）将野蒜洗净、搅碎，加4倍质量的水浸提3h，其中滤液为油性野蒜浸提液，滤渣烘干得到野蒜粉；
（2）将亚麻籽饼粕控制温度在15%，进行微波脱毒，然后接种乳酸杆菌，控制温度在35-45℃，湿度在30-35%，发酵4天，进行微生物脱毒，然后烘干后，粉碎成10—40目粉状物；
（3）将秸秆和薄荷分别切成小于3厘米的小段；
（4）将青黛、白豆蔻、黄连、儿茶、神曲、僵蚕分别粉碎成10—40目粉状物；
（5）将金银花加5倍质量的水蒸煮，冷却后进行打浆，得到金银花汁液；
（6）将万寿菊加4倍质量的水蒸煮，冷却后进行打浆，得到万寿菊汁液；
（7）称取以下重量份的上述各组分：青黛2 Kg、白豆蔻3 Kg、黄连1 Kg、薄荷2 Kg、儿茶1Kg、神曲2 Kg、僵蚕1.5 Kg、野蒜粉1 Kg、亚麻饼粕20 Kg、玉米粉45 Kg、秸秆50 Kg、野蒜浸提液5 Kg、金银花汁液6 Kg、万寿菊汁液5.5Kg，搅拌均匀，即得。
实施例2
一种预防牛、羊口炎病的饲料的制备方法，步骤为：
（1）将野蒜洗净、搅碎，加4.5倍质量的水浸提5h，其中滤液为油性野蒜浸提液，滤渣烘干得到野蒜粉；
（2）将亚麻籽饼粕控制温度在20%，进行微波脱毒，然后接种乳酸杆菌，控制温度在35-45℃，湿度在30-35%，发酵5天，进行微生物脱毒，然后烘干后，粉碎成10—40目粉状物；
（3）将秸秆和薄荷分别切成小于3厘米的小段；
（4）将青黛、白豆蔻、黄连、儿茶、神曲、僵蚕分别粉碎成10—40目粉状物；
（5）将金银花加5倍质量的水蒸煮，冷却后进行打浆，得到金银花汁液；
（6）将万寿菊加4倍质量的水蒸煮，冷却后进行打浆，得到万寿菊汁液；
（7）称取以下重量份的上述各组分：青黛3 Kg、白豆蔻2.5Kg、黄连1.5Kg、薄荷1.5Kg、儿茶1.5 Kg、神曲1 Kg、僵蚕2 Kg、野蒜粉2 Kg、亚麻饼粕22 Kg、玉米粉40 Kg、秸秆55 Kg、野蒜浸提液6 Kg、金银花汁液5.5 Kg、万寿菊汁液5Kg，搅拌均匀，即得。
实施例3
一种预防牛、羊口炎病的饲料的制备方法，步骤为：
（1）将野蒜洗净、搅碎，加5倍质量的水浸提4h，其中滤液为油性野蒜浸提液，滤渣烘干得到野蒜粉；
（2）将亚麻籽饼粕控制温度在18%，进行微波脱毒，然后接种乳酸杆菌，控制温度在35-45℃，湿度在30-35%，发酵4天，进行微生物脱毒，然后烘干后，粉碎成10—40目粉状物；
（3）将秸秆和薄荷分别切成小于3厘米的小段；
（4）将青黛、白豆蔻、黄连、儿茶、神曲、僵蚕分别粉碎成10—40目粉状物；
（5）将金银花加5倍质量的水蒸煮，冷却后进行打浆，得到金银花汁液；
（6）将万寿菊加4倍质量的水蒸煮，冷却后进行打浆，得到万寿菊汁液；
（7）称取以下重量份的上述各组分：青黛2.5 Kg、白豆蔻2 Kg、黄连2 Kg、薄荷1 Kg、儿茶2 Kg、神曲1.5 Kg、僵蚕1 Kg、野蒜粉1.5 Kg、亚麻饼粕25 Kg、玉米粉42 Kg、秸秆60 Kg、野蒜浸提液5.5 Kg、金银花汁液5 Kg、万寿菊汁液6Kg，搅拌均匀，即得。
Claims (2)
1.一种预防牛、羊口炎病的饲料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤为：
(1)将野蒜洗净、搅碎，加4-5倍质量的水浸提3-5h，其中滤液为油性野蒜浸提液，滤渣烘干得到野蒜粉；
(2)将亚麻籽饼粕控制温度在15-20%，进行微波脱毒，然后接种乳酸杆菌，控制温度在35-45℃，湿度在30-35%，发酵4-5天，进行微生物脱毒，然后烘干后，粉碎成10—40目粉状物；
(3)将秸杆和薄荷分别切成小于3厘米的小段；
(4)将青黛、白豆蔻、黄连、儿茶、神曲、僵蚕分别粉碎成10—40目粉状物；
(5)将金银花加4-5倍质量的水蒸煮，冷却后进行打浆，得到金银花汁液；
(6)将万寿菊加4-5倍质量的水蒸煮，冷却后进行打浆，得到万寿菊汁液；
(7)称取以下重量份的上述各组分：青黛2—3、白豆蔻2-3、黄连1—2、薄荷1—2、儿茶1—2、神曲1-2、僵蚕1-2、野蒜粉1-2、亚麻饼粕20-25、玉米粉40—45、秸秆50—60、野蒜浸提液5-6、金银花汁液5-6、万寿菊汁液5-6，搅拌均匀，即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种预防牛、羊口炎病的饲料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤(7)称取以下重量份的上述各组分：青黛2.5、白豆蔻2、黄连2 、薄荷1、儿茶2、神曲1.5、僵蚕1、野蒜粉1.5、亚麻饼粕25、玉米粉42、秸秆60、野蒜浸提液5.5、金银花汁液5 Kg、万寿菊汁液6。
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