CN106745779B - Water body treatment construction maintenance method and artificial lake - Google Patents
Water body treatment construction maintenance method and artificial lake Download PDFInfo
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- CN106745779B CN106745779B CN201710023166.9A CN201710023166A CN106745779B CN 106745779 B CN106745779 B CN 106745779B CN 201710023166 A CN201710023166 A CN 201710023166A CN 106745779 B CN106745779 B CN 106745779B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
- C02F3/325—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae as symbiotic combination of algae and bacteria
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
The invention provides a water body treatment construction maintenance method and an artificial lake. The water body treatment construction maintenance method has simple process and environmental protection, combines the combined action of submerged plants, microorganisms and ecological balance control, and can completely abandon the use of alum, copper sulfate and the like for purifying water quality through the biological self-purification function; water does not need to be changed, water cost can be greatly saved, fresh and pleasant ecological water with high transparency can be guaranteed all the year round, and the transparency of the water is not lower than 1.5 m. The artificial lake has excellent ecological self-purification function, simple construction and maintenance method and excellent water quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological water treatment methods, in particular to a water treatment construction maintenance method and an artificial lake.
Background
In northwest areas, most of the provinces such as Xinjiang, Ningxia, Gansu and inner Mongolia are dry and rain-less all the year round, the evaporation capacity is large, and water resources are in short supply. If people want to build clear artificial lakes in northwest, the water quality is difficult, the cost is high, and the later maintenance difficulty is high. The recovery time is long after the influence of sand dust in spring, and a large amount of flocculating agent is required to be put for auxiliary purification; blue algae, green algae and spirogyra are easy to grow in summer and autumn, the landscape effect is very poor, and if the blue algae, the green algae and the spirogyra are not treated in time, the problem of eutrophication of the water body is easy to be aggravated continuously; in order to meet the requirement of hydrophilicity, a great number of projects design artificial lakes to improve the landscape effect. However, the artificial lake is an isolated small environment, the self-purification capacity of water quality is very poor, and in order to ensure the landscape effect, water needs to be changed for several times in one year, and the landscape effect can be ensured only by using auxiliary treatments such as chemical algaecide, copper sulfate, polyaluminium chloride (PAC) and alum. Water resources are in short supply in northwest areas, water cost is high, and a large amount of later-stage maintenance cost is caused.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a water body treatment construction maintenance method, the method has simple process and environmental protection, and can completely abandon the use of alum, copper sulfate and the like for purifying water quality through the biological self-purification function; water does not need to be changed, water cost can be greatly saved, fresh and pleasant ecological water with high transparency can be guaranteed all the year round, and the transparency of the water is not lower than 1.5 m.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the artificial lake adopting the water body treatment construction and maintenance method, wherein the artificial lake has an excellent ecological self-purification function, the construction and maintenance method is simple, and the water quality is excellent.
In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:
a water body treatment construction maintenance method comprises the step of putting a microbial water-benefiting agent and an ecological balance medicament into a water body, wherein a planting soil layer is arranged at the bottom of the water body, and submerged plants are planted in the planting soil layer.
The water body treatment construction maintenance method has simple process and environmental protection, combines the combined action of submerged plants, microorganisms and ecological balance control, and can completely abandon the use of alum, copper sulfate and the like for purifying water quality through the biological self-purification function; water does not need to be changed, water cost can be greatly saved, fresh and pleasant ecological water with high transparency can be guaranteed all the year round, and the transparency of the water is not lower than 1.5 m.
Optionally, the thickness of the planting soil layer is not less than 20cm, preferably 20-50cm, and further preferably 25-35 cm.
Optionally, the submerged plant comprises one or more of submerged plants of the genus Foliurus, submerged plants of the family Eiseniaceae, submerged plants of the family Amydaceae, and submerged plants of the family Gonostoc.
Preferably comprises one or more of Myriophyllum spicatum, potamogeton pectinatus, hydrilla verticillata, potamogeton malabaricum, Goldfish algae, Potamogeton crispus and Microsporum.
Further preferably, the submerged plant comprises the following submerged plants in parts by mass:
1-5 parts of myriophyllum spicatum, 1-5 parts of potamogeton pectinatus, 1-5 parts of hydrilla verticillata, 1-5 parts of malus horridus, 0.1-0.5 part of goldfish algae, 0.1-0.5 part of Juques and 1-5 parts of potamogeton pectinatus.
Still further preferably, the submerged plant comprises the following submerged plants in parts by mass:
2-4 parts of myriophyllum spicatum, 2-4 parts of potamogeton pectinatus, 2-4 parts of hydrilla verticillata, 2-4 parts of malus horridus, 0.1-0.3 part of goldfish algae, 0.1-0.3 part of Juques and 1-3 parts of potamogeton pectinatus.
Most preferably, the submerged plant comprises the following submerged plants in parts by mass:
3 parts of foxtail spicatum, 3 parts of potamogeton pectinatus, 3 parts of hydrilla verticillata, 3 parts of malayan eupatorium herb, 0.1 part of goldfish algae, 0.1 part of Juques and 1 part of micro-dentate eupatorium herb.
Optionally, the submerged plant is planted in a cutting manner.
Preferably, the amount of the submerged plant is 1.0 to 2.2 kg/m, preferably 1.2 to 2.0 kg/m, and more preferably 1.6 kg/m.
Preferably, the spacing between the planting clumps of the submerged plants is 10-30cm, preferably 15-25cm, and more preferably 20 cm.
Preferably, the length of the submerged plant is 20-50cm, preferably 30-40cm, and more preferably 35 cm.
Preferably, the submerged plant is planted below 30cm from the water surface.
More preferably, the planting depth of the submerged plant is within 2m from the water surface, preferably within 1.8m, and more preferably 1.2-1.5 m.
Optionally, the microbial water-benefiting agent comprises one or more of EM stock solution, photosynthetic active water element and bacillus compositus.
Preferably, the EM stock solution is used in an amount of 5-15 kg/kg, preferably 8-12 kg/kg, and more preferably 10 kg/kg.
Preferably, the dosage of the photosynthetic active water element is 5-15 kg/kilocubic meter, preferably 8-12 kg/kilocubic meter, and more preferably 10 kg/kilocubic meter.
Preferably, the amount of the bacillus compositus is 1-5 kg/kilocubic meter, preferably 1-3 kg/kilocubic meter, and more preferably 2 kg/kilocubic meter.
Preferably, 3 days after the submerged plants are planted, the microbial water-replenishing agent is put in.
Further preferably, the microbial water-benefiting agent is put in a multi-time mode.
Still more preferably, the interval between the first two administrations of the microbial water-benefiting agent is 3-4 days, the interval from the 3 rd administration is 1 week, and the interval from the 5 th administration is half a month.
Most preferably, the amount is halved after the first two impressions.
Optionally, the ecological balancing agent comprises one or more of a fish control agent and a water control agent and/or a moss control agent.
Preferably, the fish control agent comprises derris root powder.
Preferably, the water-controlling sponge and/or moss medicament comprises super algafzem.
Preferably, the amount of the fish control agent is 1-5 kg/kg, preferably 2-4 kg/kg, and more preferably 3 kg/kg.
Preferably, the dosage of the water-controlling sponge and/or moss agent is 800 g/k square meter, preferably 600 g/k square meter, and more preferably 450 g/k square meter.
Optionally, in the water body treatment construction maintenance process, floating garbage and aquatic weeds are timely salvaged.
Preferably, the water body is oxygenated, preferably by an oxygenator, further preferably daily daytime.
Optionally, in the water body treatment construction maintenance process, the submerged plants are periodically trimmed, preferably by using an underwater mower.
Preferably, the growth height of the submerged plant is controlled to be lower than the water surface.
Preferably, the height of the submerged plant is not lower than 1/3 of the water depth after each pruning.
Preferably, chlormequat chloride is administered after pruning.
Further preferably, the dosage of chlormequat chloride is 300-700 g/kilocubic meter, preferably 400-600 g/kilocubic meter, and further preferably 500 g/kilocubic meter.
Further preferably, the chlormequat chloride is dosed every 10-15 days.
Optionally, carnivorous fish are kept in the water body.
Preferably, the carnivorous fish comprises one or more of mosquito-eating fish, black carp, snakehead and catfish.
Further preferably, the stocking amount of the mosquito-eating fish is not more than 3 per square meter.
Further preferably, the herring stocking amount is not more than 3 per thousand square meters.
Further preferably, the breeding amount of the snakeheads is not more than 3 snakeheads per thousand square meters.
Further preferably, the catfish stocking amount is not more than 2 per thousand square meters.
The artificial lake adopting the water body treatment construction maintenance method.
The artificial lake has excellent ecological self-purification function, simple construction and maintenance method and excellent water quality.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the water body treatment construction maintenance method has simple process and environmental protection, combines the combined action of submerged plants, microorganisms and ecological balance control, and can completely abandon the use of alum, copper sulfate and the like for purifying water quality through the biological self-purification function; water does not need to be changed, water cost can be greatly saved, fresh and pleasant high-transparency ecological water can be guaranteed all the year round, and the transparency of the water is not lower than 1.5 m; the water body treatment, construction and maintenance method is particularly suitable for northwest areas of China. The artificial lake has excellent ecological self-purification function, simple construction and maintenance method and excellent water quality.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following detailed description, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following described examples are some, not all, of the examples of the present invention, and are only used for illustrating the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The invention provides a water body treatment construction maintenance method, which comprises the step of putting a microbial water-benefiting agent and an ecological balance medicament into a water body, wherein a planting soil layer is arranged at the bottom of the water body, and submerged plants are planted in the planting soil layer.
The water body treatment construction maintenance method has simple process and environmental protection, combines the combined action of submerged plants, microorganisms and ecological balance control, and can completely abandon the use of alum, copper sulfate and the like for purifying water quality through the biological self-purification function; water does not need to be changed, water cost can be greatly saved, fresh and pleasant ecological water with high transparency can be guaranteed all the year round, and the transparency of the water is not lower than 1.5 m.
The water body treatment, construction and maintenance method of the invention adopts a water ecosystem construction technology to purify the eutrophic water body of the artificial lake, and the main principle is to recover the missing biological population and structure (mainly including submerged plants and fungi) in the degraded water ecosystem structure based on the ecological principle, so as to rebuild the good structure of the water ecosystem, repair and strengthen the main self-purification function of the water ecosystem, and promote the virtuous cycle of self-maintenance and self-succession of the artificial lake. Through biological manipulation, reconstruction of aquatic vegetation such as submerged plants and the like and culture of microbial agents in the water body, the resuspension degree of nutrient load is reduced, the eutrophic water body is promoted to replace the eutrophic landscape water body, blue and green algae outbreaks are inhibited, and the aim of improving the water quality is fulfilled.
Firstly, planting soil on the original foundation (the artificial lake with the original covering soil qualified does not need to be covered with soil again). And after the soil covering is finished, finely trimming and finely leveling the terrain, and picking out stones and garbage in the original planting soil to prepare for planting submerged plants.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the planting soil layer is not less than 20cm, preferably 20-50cm, and more preferably 25-35 cm.
If a single waterproof blanket or concrete is used as a waterproof layer (without backfill), planting soil needs to be covered again on the basis of the original lake bottom, and the thickness of the covering soil is ensured according to the original waterproof terrain; then planting submerged plants, wherein the submerged plants have the functions of purifying water quality and landscaping. After the submerged plants are planted, putting a microbial water-benefiting agent to digest organic matters in water; and (3) putting an ecological balance medicament to restore and maintain ecological balance, promoting the eutrophic water body to succeed to the poor and nutritious landscape water body, finally achieving the transparency requirement of clear water in 1.5m water depth of the ecological lake through the combined action of submerged plants and microorganisms, and then only adding water to supplement the water evaporation capacity without changing water to improve the water landscape effect.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the submerged plant includes one or more of submerged plants of the genus Foliumet, submerged plants of the family Evoziaceae, submerged plants of the family Amyda sinensis and submerged plants of the family Gonostoc.
Preferably comprises one or more of Myriophyllum spicatum, potamogeton pectinatus, hydrilla verticillata, potamogeton malabaricum, Goldfish algae, Potamogeton crispus and Microsporum.
Myriophyllum spicatum L, a perennial submerged herb, is a eurasia continental wide-spread species. The rhizome grows in the mud, and the node grows into an adventitious root. The stem is cylindrical, upright and often branched. Leaves without stalks and full-split threadlike. The spike-like inflorescence grows on the water surface, and the male and female plants are the same. Reproduction occurs both sexually and asexually, with the main mode of propagation occurring in the manner of the production of broken branches or rhizomes. The myriophyllum spicatum has strong adaptability, can well develop in various water bodies, belongs to a photophobic plant, has higher photosynthesis rate compared with other submerged plants, and can form a thick and dense canopy on the water surface to prevent light transmission.
Potamogeton pectinatus L, with a strong rhizome and a herbaceous sink. The products are produced in all provinces of China. It is generated in various water bodies such as rivers, ditches and ponds, and the water bodies are often slightly acidic or neutral. The distribution is global, especially in the temperate water areas of two hemispheres.
Hydrilla verticillata (Linn.f.) Royle var. rosburghii Casp.) is a plant of the genus Hydrilla of the family Amyda sinensis, commonly known as Withania tenera, Franchet Langerhans, and Trans Osmunda. Belongs to monocotyledon perennial submerged plants in the genus of the family of the water turtle, the stem is upright, slender, 50-80 cm long, the leaf is in the shape of a needle, 4-8 pieces of the plant are alternately grown, 4-6 pieces are usually more, the length is about 1.5 cm, and the width is about 1.5-2 cm. The leaf edge has small saw teeth, and the leaf has no stem. Widely distributed in ponds, lakes and ditches. The fertilizer is distributed in southern and northern provinces of China and wide areas such as Europe, Asia, Africa and oceania.
Malaysia malacophylla (the Latin school name Potamogeton wrightii Morong) is a perennial submerged herb. Developed and white rhizome with fibrous roots growing in the nodes. The stem is cylindrical, has a diameter of about 2 mm, is not branched or has a few branches, and has an internode length of more than 10 centimeters. The fruit is inverted egg-shaped, about 3 mm long, with two sides slightly flattened, 3 sharp ridges on the back, narrow and wing-shaped central ridges, and sharp lateral ridges. The flower and fruit period is 6-10 months. Produce the provinces of China. Living in static and flowing water such as irrigation canals, ponds, rivers and the like. The former soviet union has been distributed in korea, japan, southeast asia countries, and india.
Goldfish algae (Ceratophyllum demersum L.) is submerged aquatic plant of Goldfish algae of Goldfish, and is called herba Selaginellae Doederleinii, herba Cymbopogonis Citrari, and herba Houttuyniae. The whole plant is dark green. The stem is thin and soft, with branches. The impeller is generated, and 6-8 blades are generated in each wheel; no handle; the blade 2 has a branch or fine crack, and a splinter line shape with a thorn-shaped small tooth. Small flower, single sex, same or different plant, axillary growth and no quilt; 8-12 parts of bracts, namely, diamond-shaped; the male flower has a plurality of stamens; the female flower has 1 pistil, ovaries are long and oval, upper position, 1 chamber; the flower column is in a drill shape. Small nuts, oval, smooth. The flower pillar is reserved and the base part is provided with thorns. The flowering period is 6-7 months, and the fruit period is 8-10 months. The golden fish algae grows in still water in small lakes for many years, is common in ponds, ditches and other places, can be used as feed for pigs, fish and poultry, and is distributed all over the world.
Curly pondweed, also called: shrimp and algae, shrimp grass and wheat yellow grass. Equidambaceae, Eisenia. A monocotyledonous plant. Latin name: potamogeton crispus. Submerged herbaceous plants grow for many years. The water bodies are slightly acidic to neutral in ponds, lakes and streams and in still water ponds or ditches (wild species exist in Wulu wood Qi five ditches). The stem is oblate with branches. The leaves are needle-shaped, the tip is blunt and round, and the leaf edges are wavy and have saw teeth. Has a leaf support and no leaf stalk. The inflorescence is spike-shaped. Sprouting in autumn, growing in winter and spring, blooming and bearing in 4-5 months, gradually declining and decaying after 6 months in summer, and forming scaly branches (winter buds) to spend uncomfortable environment. The winter bud is hard, the edge of the winter bud is provided with teeth, the shape of the winter bud is like that of a pine cone, and the winter bud starts to germinate and grow when the water temperature is proper. Leaf bar shape without handle. The flower and fruit period is 4-7 months. Can be used as green manure and can purify water.
Herba Eupatorii, Latin's name (Potamogeton maackianus A. Bennett), perennial submerged herbs, without rhizome. The stem is slender, the diameter is 0.5-1 mm, the branch is provided, the base part is always creeping, fibrous roots with most fibers grow at the node, and the internode length is 2-10 cm. The leaf strip is shaped like a strip, has no handle, is 2-6 cm long, 2-4 mm wide, has a blunt tip, and has a base part stuck with a leaf supporting sheet to form a short leaf sheath with fine sparse sawteeth at the leaf edge; 3-7 leaf veins are parallel, the top ends are connected, the middle vein is obvious, the side vein is thin and weak, and the secondary vein is not obvious; the length of the leaf sheath is 0.3-0.6 cm, the stem is held, and the top end of the leaf sheath is provided with a membranous tongue piece with the length of 3-5 mm. The spike-shaped inflorescence grows at the top, and has 2-3 rounds of flowers; inflorescence peduncles usually do not swell, are nearly as thick as stems and are 1-4 cm long; flower is small, quilt sheet is 4, light green, pistil is 4, rare is less than 4, and it is separated. The fruit is inverted oval, about 4 mm long, with a beak at the tip of about 0.5 mm long, 3 ridges on the back, narrow-wing, and slightly blunt lateral ridges. The flower and fruit period is 6-9 months. Domestic distribution: northeast, eastern, central and southwest. And (3) foreign distribution: the former soviet union, korea and japan are also distributed. Is grown in still water bodies such as lakes, ponds and the like.
Further preferably, the submerged plant comprises the following submerged plants in parts by mass:
1-5 parts of myriophyllum spicatum, 1-5 parts of potamogeton pectinatus, 1-5 parts of hydrilla verticillata, 1-5 parts of malus horridus, 0.1-0.5 part of goldfish algae, 0.1-0.5 part of Juques and 1-5 parts of potamogeton pectinatus.
Still further preferably, the submerged plant comprises the following submerged plants in parts by mass:
2-4 parts of myriophyllum spicatum, 2-4 parts of potamogeton pectinatus, 2-4 parts of hydrilla verticillata, 2-4 parts of malus horridus, 0.1-0.3 part of goldfish algae, 0.1-0.3 part of Juques and 1-3 parts of potamogeton pectinatus.
Most preferably, the submerged plant comprises the following submerged plants in parts by mass:
3 parts of foxtail spicatum, 3 parts of potamogeton pectinatus, 3 parts of hydrilla verticillata, 3 parts of malayan eupatorium herb, 0.1 part of goldfish algae, 0.1 part of Juques and 1 part of micro-dentate eupatorium herb.
The specific proportion of the submerged plants is adopted, which is beneficial to improving the comprehensive water purification effect.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the submerged plant is planted by cutting.
Preferably, the amount of the submerged plant is 1.0 to 2.2 kg/m, preferably 1.2 to 2.0 kg/m, and more preferably 1.6 kg/m.
All varieties can be planted in a small mixed cuttage mode.
Preferably, the spacing between the planting clumps of the submerged plants is 10-30cm, preferably 15-25cm, and more preferably 20 cm.
Each submerged plant is usually entangled with each other after being transported to the field, and the upper stem section and the bottom stem section cannot be clearly separated during cuttage and can be directly cut off according to clusters.
Preferably, the length of the submerged plant is 20-50cm, preferably 30-40cm, and more preferably 35 cm.
Can be directly weighed according to each small bundle and then inserted into the soil from the middle for about ten centimeters to be fixed. And (5) planting while draining to ensure that the submerged plants survive.
Preferably, the submerged plant is planted below 30cm from the water surface.
More preferably, the planting depth of the submerged plant is within 2m from the water surface, preferably within 1.8m, and more preferably 1.2-1.5 m.
The potamogeton pectinatus needs to be planted in a cuttage mode within the water depth of 1.2-1.5m because the growth speed is high, submerged plants can normally grow within the water depth of 1.5m through field tests, the watermifoil foxtail algae can normally grow within the water depth of 2m, and the hydrilla verticillata can normally grow within 1.8 m.
The special planting amount and planting mode are adopted, which is helpful for promoting the rapid growth of submerged plants and enhancing the comprehensive water purification effect.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the microbial water-benefiting agent comprises one or more of EM stock solution, photosynthetic active water element and bacillus compositus.
The EM stock solution is composed of various microorganisms such as photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria flora, yeast bacteria flora and the like. Is a bioengineering technology with the largest application range in the world at present. Compared with the common biological agent, the biological agent has the advantages of complex structure, stable performance and complete functions, and shows unprecedented high-tech level. The unique fermentation process is characterized in that aerobiotic and anaerobic beneficial microorganisms which are carefully screened are mixed and cultured to form the EM preparation with strong functions. The content of harmful substances such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and the like in the water environment can be controlled, and the microbial ecological structure of the water body is regulated and controlled; purifying water quality, improving environment, reducing pathogenic bacteria, balancing microecology, reducing medicine consumption, and ensuring environmental safety.
The main components of the photosynthetic active water element are photosynthetic bacteria, bioactive substances, nutrient elements and the like. A brownish red liquid, with slight precipitation. The microbial fertilizer is rich in mycoprotein, vitamins, immunocompetent substances and the like, can effectively convert harmful substances such as ammonium nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide and the like, quickly decomposes and utilizes organic substances in water, improves dissolved oxygen and improves water quality. At the same time, the growth and the propagation of pathogenic bacteria and harmful algae can be inhibited.
The main components of the composite bacillus are bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycetes, nitrobacteria, composite enzyme and the like. Can improve water quality and substrate. Can quickly decompose aged and dead algae and other putrefactive pollutants in the water body, and reduce and effectively utilize harmful substances in the water, such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide and the like. Harmful sediments at the bottom of the pool are decomposed, and the water body is purified, so that the water in the pool can reach higher transparency in a short time.
Preferably, the EM stock solution is used in an amount of 5-15 kg/kg, preferably 8-12 kg/kg, and more preferably 10 kg/kg.
Preferably, the dosage of the photosynthetic active water element is 5-15 kg/kilocubic meter, preferably 8-12 kg/kilocubic meter, and more preferably 10 kg/kilocubic meter.
Preferably, the amount of the bacillus compositus is 1-5 kg/kilocubic meter, preferably 1-3 kg/kilocubic meter, and more preferably 2 kg/kilocubic meter.
One or more of EM stock solution, photosynthetic active water elements and composite bacillus with specific dosage are adopted, which is beneficial to improving the digestion effect of EM stock solution, photosynthetic active water elements and composite bacillus on organic matters in water and promoting the eutrophic water body to succeed to the poor and nutritious landscape water body.
Wherein the composite bacillus can be prepared by mixing brown sugar which is half of the weight of the composite bacillus with water, uniformly stirring the mixture, and uniformly sprinkling the mixture after 2 to 3 hours; the EM stock solution and the photosynthetic active water can be directly diluted by water and then sprinkled by sprinkling.
Preferably, 3 days after the submerged plants are planted, the microbial water-replenishing agent is put in.
Further preferably, the microbial water-benefiting agent is put in a multi-time mode.
Still more preferably, the interval between the first two administrations of the microbial water-benefiting agent is 3-4 days, the interval from the 3 rd administration is 1 week, and the interval from the 5 th administration is half a month.
Most preferably, the amount is halved after the first two impressions.
Oxygen is added and fungi are put in time to digest organic matters when continuous rainfall or accidental pollution discharge is needed. The fungus putting frequency is mainly controlled according to the change of water quality, generally, the time of more than one week after rainfall or accidental pollution discharge, and if the water quality still can not meet the requirement of clearness, the fungus is put in by adding oxygen to control the water quality. Except for the first two times of fungus feeding after construction, fungus feeding at other times needs to be carried out in the morning and at noon of fine days according to weather forecast and actual weather conditions, and the effect of improving microbial purification by adding oxygen in the daytime after fungus feeding is very obvious. When the lowest temperature reaches about 15 ℃, the activity of fungi is obviously inhibited, and the water quality purification capacity is obviously reduced. At this time, even if the fungus is not used, as long as accidental pollution discharge and large amount of trash fish are not generated, the purification speed is very fast on the premise that the blades of the aquatic plants are not obviously damaged because the temperature is reduced.
By adopting a specific feeding mode of EM stock solution, photosynthetic active water elements and composite bacillus, the digestion effect of the EM stock solution on organic matters in water is improved, and the eutrophic water body is promoted to be replaced to the poor and nutritive landscape water body.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the ecological balancing agent comprises one or more of a fish-controlling agent and a water-controlling agent and/or a moss agent.
During the growing period, attention needs to be paid to fish control, insect control, snail control and the like. The herbivorous fishes and omnivorous fishes in the ecological artificial lake need to be controlled within a certain proportion, the ecological balance of the omnivorous fishes and omnivorous fishes is damaged, the water transparency is seriously influenced in a short time due to the fact that the omnivorous fishes eat water plants and stir the bottom of the lake, and the eutrophication problem of the water body is caused due to the fact that the purification capacity of the ecological lake is reduced due to the fact that a large amount of water plants are eaten for a long time. In response to such problems that are unexpectedly released by a large number of people, carnivorous fish alone are not controlled at all. The problem that the quantity of the trash fish is increased by frequently adding ecological agents is solved.
Preferably, the fish control agent comprises derris root powder.
The derris root powder is extracted from derris root of leguminous plant, has main component of rotenone, has strong killing power to fish and is slightly toxic, belonging to pure plant fish control medicine. The derris root powder is placed in water for soaking (about 1 hour), then is fully stirred uniformly and is sprinkled uniformly, and a large amount of trash fish begin to die within 12-24 hours after the derris root powder is placed in the water, and at the moment, the trash fish need to be fished out in time to prevent the rotting and the problem of rich nutrition.
The insect pests are mainly leaf roller and chironomid larvae, wherein the influence of the leaf roller on the submerged plants is the largest, and large-area submerged plants can be destroyed in a short time.
The mosquito-eating fish is thrown into water to solve the problems, so that the insect damage can be quickly controlled to a degree that obvious harm is not formed. The mosquito-eating fish has small body size, the body length is only 15.5-37.5 mm, the reproductive capacity is very strong, the problem of stirring the lake bottom is avoided, the adaptability is extremely strong, the food intake is large, the food intake is complicated, and most of pests and mosquito larvae in water bodies, even young snails can be predated.
In northwest region, snail is mainly eaten by turnip snail which mainly depends on moss and impurities attached to the scraped aquatic weeds, but the leaves of the aquatic weeds are also damaged when a large amount of the aquatic weeds are broken out due to the extremely strong reproductive capacity of the snail.
Aiming at the problems, the black carp with the body length of about 30cm is used for controlling the reproduction of the rapana venosa. The black carp staple food comprises snails, mussels, shrimps and aquatic insects, and has strong adaptability.
Aiming at the problem of controlling the quantity of trash fish in landscape ecological lakes, the trash fish and catfish are mainly used for controlling, and the trash fish with the body length of about 30cm and the catfish with the body length of 30cm are thrown in the trash fish. The snakeheads mainly take various small fishes and frogs as predation objects. Catfish is carnivorous fish, and the object of preying is mostly fish and shrimp, snail and aquatic insect, and mainly to swallowing, and catfish can swallow the fish that is equivalent to its more than half of its volume even, and is superstrong to the adaptability of environment.
Another problem to be concerned in the maintenance period is spirogyra, and spirogyra is propagated in large quantity to compete with submerged plants for dissolved oxygen in water and wind around leaves of the submerged plants to influence normal photosynthesis of the submerged plants. After the spirogyra dies, the spirogyra decays and goes bad in water, so that the wound aquatic weeds are easy to decay, the water body smells, the transparency of the water body is influenced, and further the photosynthesis of submerged plants is influenced.
Preferably, the water-controlling sponge and/or moss medicament comprises super algafzem.
Aiming at the problem, the super-energy algae mosses are adopted to control the spirogyra outbreak. The main components of the super algae cleaning agent are hypoxia-resistant bacillus, biological algae dissolving element, biological enzyme, bacillus natto, thiobacillus and the like. Can contact, wrap and break through enzymolysis with moss and blue algae, decompose into absorbable factors for aquatic animals, and completely decompose the absorbable factors. The problem of preventing and treating spirogyra needs to be observed frequently in daily maintenance, and when a small amount of filaments appear on leaves of submerged plants, the grass-protecting moss is put in rapidly to prevent and treat the spirogyra from erupting (the propagation speed of the spirogyra is very high). If the spirogyra has erupted, the dead spirogyra needs to be digested by combining EM stock solution, photosynthetic active water and composite bacillus after the spirogyra is killed by using the grass-protecting green coating, and the dead and floating spirogyra needs to be fished in time.
Preferably, the amount of the fish control agent is 1-5 kg/kg, preferably 2-4 kg/kg, and more preferably 3 kg/kg.
Preferably, the dosage of the water-controlling sponge and/or moss agent is 800 g/k square meter, preferably 600 g/k square meter, and more preferably 450 g/k square meter.
The ecological balance medicament with specific components and dosage is beneficial to improving the restoration and maintenance effects of the ecological balance of the water body.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in the process of water body treatment, construction and maintenance, floating garbage and aquatic weed garbage are timely salvaged to prevent decay.
Preferably, after the floating garbage and the aquatic weeds are fished, the water body is oxygenated, preferably by an oxygenator, and further preferably by the oxygenating every day in the daytime.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the water treatment construction and maintenance process, the submerged plants are periodically trimmed, preferably by using an underwater mower.
Preferably, the growth height of the submerged plant is controlled to be lower than the water surface.
Preferably, the height of the submerged plant is not lower than 1/3 of the water depth after each pruning, otherwise, the transparency of the water body is obviously influenced because the water purifying capacity of the submerged plant is reduced sharply.
Preferably, chlormequat chloride is administered after pruning, which reduces pruning frequency.
Further preferably, the dosage of chlormequat chloride is 300-700 g/kilocubic meter, preferably 400-600 g/kilocubic meter, and further preferably 500 g/kilocubic meter.
Can be diluted by a secondary dilution method and then sprinkled in the lake.
Further preferably, the chlormequat chloride is thrown once every 10 to 15 days, and the dwarfing effect on submerged plants is obvious.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, carnivorous fish are kept in the water body.
Preferably, the carnivorous fish comprises one or more of mosquito-eating fish, black carp, snakehead and catfish;
further preferably, the stocking amount of the mosquito-eating fish is not more than 3 per square meter;
further preferably, the stocking amount of the black carps is not more than 3 per thousand square meters;
further preferably, the breeding amount of the snakeheads is not more than 3 snakeheads per thousand square meters;
further preferably, the catfish stocking amount is not more than 2 per thousand square meters.
The reasonable adding proportion can maintain the ecological balance of the water body small environment. Under normal conditions, the purchased fishes with low air temperature in the northwest region in winter are almost impossible to live through the winter. Therefore, the above several kinds of predatory fishes need to be released again to maintain ecological balance every year in spring. If the fish control agent is used, the carnivorous fish can be bred after the drug effect is passed, for example, the effective period of the derris root powder is generally not longer than 10 days, and the carnivorous fish can be bred after the derris root powder is generally thrown for one week.
After the stem of the dead waterweeds is thawed in spring every year, the stem of the dead waterweeds can be subjected to low pruning, which is favorable for the early restoration of the growth of the waterweeds.
The artificial lake adopting the water body treatment construction maintenance method.
The artificial lake has excellent ecological self-purification function, simple construction and maintenance method and excellent water quality.
Example 1
A water body treatment construction maintenance method comprises the following steps:
(1) covering planting soil on the original foundation, wherein the thickness of the covering soil is about 20 cm; after the soil covering is finished, finely trimming and finely flattening the terrain, and picking out stones and garbage in the original planting soil to prepare for planting submerged plants;
(2) selecting the following submerged plants in parts by weight:
1 part of foxtail ear flower, 1 part of potamogeton pectinatus, 1 part of hydrilla verticillata, 1 part of malayan eupatorium herb, 0.1 part of goldfish algae, 0.1 part of Juques and 1 part of micro-dentate eupatorium herb;
cutting the selected submerged plant into submerged plant sections with the length of 20cm, planting in a cuttage mode, wherein the planting quantity is 1.0 kg/square meter, the spacing between planting clusters is 10cm, each cluster is directly planted into soil from the middle in a cuttage mode by about ten centimeters and is fixed, and the planting height is 30cm from the water surface;
(3) floating aquatic plants and garbage are salvaged in time to prevent rotting; an oxygen adding machine is used for adding oxygen to the water body every day, and EM stock solution (the using amount is 5 kg/kilocubic meter), photosynthetic active water element (the using amount is 5 kg/kilocubic meter) and composite bacillus (the using amount is 1 kg/kilocubic meter) are selected as microorganism water replenishing agents; after 3 days of planting the submerged plants, starting to put in the microbial water-replenishing agent in a multi-time putting mode; the interval time of the first two times of microbial water-benefiting agent is 3-4 days, the interval of the microbial water-benefiting agent is 1 week from the 3 rd time of putting, and the interval of the microbial water-benefiting agent is half a month after the 5 th time of putting; the dosage is reduced by half after the first two times of feeding, and the feeding is selectively carried out according to the water quality change condition from the sixth feeding;
(4) after the submerged plants are planted, starting to put in ecological balance medicament, and selecting derris root powder (the dosage is 1 kg/thousand cubic meters) and super-functional mosla purifying (the dosage is 100 g/thousand square meters) as ecological balance medicament; after the first time of putting, if fish injury, insect injury, snail injury, hydropenia and/or moss outbreak appear later, the corresponding ecological balance medicament is selected and put according to the dosage;
(5) one week later, putting mosquito-eating fish (stocking amount is not more than 3 per square meter), black carp (stocking amount is not more than 3 per square meter) and catfish (stocking amount is not more than 2 per square meter) in the water body;
(6) trimming submerged plants by using an underwater mower regularly, wherein the height of the submerged plants is not lower than 1/3 of the water depth after each trimming; after pruning, chlormequat chloride (powder with the mass fraction of 98 percent can be adopted and the dosage is 300 g/kilocubic meter according to the actual content) is thrown in every 10 to 15 days;
(7) and periodically supplementing the water lost by evaporation into the water body.
The artificial lake treated by the method has the advantages that the continuous maintenance is carried out for more than 2 years, the water depth is kept within 1.5m, the water bottom is kept clear, the water landscape effect is not required to be improved by changing water, only the evaporation lost water is supplemented periodically, the fish damage, the insect damage, the snail damage, the water woolly condition and/or the moss outbreak are effectively inhibited, the environment is protected, and the cost is low.
Example 2
A water body treatment construction maintenance method comprises the following steps:
(1) covering planting soil on the original foundation, wherein the thickness of the covering soil is about 50 cm; after the soil covering is finished, finely trimming and finely flattening the terrain, and picking out stones and garbage in the original planting soil to prepare for planting submerged plants;
(2) selecting the following submerged plants in parts by weight:
5 parts of foxtail ear flower, 5 parts of potamogeton pectinatus, 5 parts of hydrilla verticillata, 5 parts of malayan eyeweed, 0.5 part of goldfish algae, 0.5 part of Juques and 5 parts of micro-dentate eyeweed;
cutting the selected submerged plant into submerged plant sections with the length of 50cm, planting in a cuttage mode, wherein the planting quantity is 2.2 kg/square meter, the spacing between planting clusters is 30cm, each cluster is directly fixed in soil by cutting from the middle in a mode of about ten centimeters, and the planting height is 200cm from the water surface;
(3) floating aquatic plants and garbage are salvaged in time to prevent rotting; an oxygen adding machine is used for adding oxygen to the water body every day, and EM stock solution (the using amount is 15 kg/kilocubic meter), photosynthetic active water element (the using amount is 15 kg/kilocubic meter) and composite bacillus (the using amount is 5 kg/kilocubic meter) are selected as microorganism water replenishing agents; after 3 days of planting the submerged plants, starting to put in the microbial water-replenishing agent in a multi-time putting mode; the interval time of the first two times of microbial water-benefiting agent is 3-4 days, the interval of the microbial water-benefiting agent is 1 week from the 3 rd time of putting, and the interval of the microbial water-benefiting agent is half a month after the 5 th time of putting; the dosage is reduced by half after the first two times of feeding, and the feeding is selectively carried out according to the water quality change condition from the sixth feeding;
(4) after the submerged plants are planted, starting to put in ecological balance medicament, and selecting derris root powder (the dosage is 5 kg/thousand cubic meters) and super-functional mosla purifying (the dosage is 800 g/thousand square meters) as ecological balance medicament; after the first time of putting, if fish injury, insect injury, snail injury, hydropenia and/or moss outbreak appear later, the corresponding ecological balance medicament is selected and put according to the dosage;
(5) one week later, putting mosquito-eating fish (stocking amount is not more than 3 per square meter), black carp (stocking amount is not more than 3 per square meter) and catfish (stocking amount is not more than 2 per square meter) in the water body;
(6) trimming submerged plants by using an underwater mower regularly, wherein the height of the submerged plants is not lower than 1/3 of the water depth after each trimming; after pruning, chlormequat chloride (powder with the mass fraction of 98 percent can be adopted and the dosage is 700 g/kilocubic meter according to the actual content) is thrown in every 10 to 15 days;
(7) and periodically supplementing the water lost by evaporation into the water body.
The artificial lake treated by the method has the advantages that the continuous maintenance is carried out for more than 2 years, the water depth is kept within 1.5m, the water bottom is kept clear, the water landscape effect is not required to be improved by changing water, only the evaporation lost water is supplemented periodically, the fish damage, the insect damage, the snail damage, the water woolly condition and/or the moss outbreak are effectively inhibited, the environment is protected, and the cost is low.
Example 3
A water body treatment construction maintenance method comprises the following steps:
(1) covering planting soil on the original foundation, wherein the thickness of the covering soil is about 25 cm; after the soil covering is finished, finely trimming and finely flattening the terrain, and picking out stones and garbage in the original planting soil to prepare for planting submerged plants;
(2) selecting the following submerged plants in parts by weight:
2 parts of foxtail spicatum, 2 parts of potamogeton pectinatus, 2 parts of hydrilla verticillata, 2 parts of malayan eyeweed, 0.1 part of goldfish algae, 0.1 part of Juques and 1 part of micro-dentate eyeweed;
cutting the selected submerged plant into submerged plant sections with the length of 30cm, planting in a cuttage mode, wherein the planting quantity is 1.2 kg/square meter, the spacing between planting clusters is 15cm, each cluster is directly planted into soil from the middle in a cuttage mode and is fixed by about ten cm, and the planting height is 1.2m from the water surface;
(3) floating aquatic plants and garbage are salvaged in time to prevent rotting; an oxygen adding machine is used for adding oxygen to the water body every day, and EM stock solution (the using amount is 8 kg/kilocubic meter), photosynthetic active water element (the using amount is 8 kg/kilocubic meter) and composite bacillus (the using amount is 1 kg/kilocubic meter) are selected as microorganism water replenishing agents; after 3 days of planting the submerged plants, starting to put in the microbial water-replenishing agent in a multi-time putting mode; the interval time of the first two times of microbial water-benefiting agent is 3-4 days, the interval of the microbial water-benefiting agent is 1 week from the 3 rd time of putting, and the interval of the microbial water-benefiting agent is half a month after the 5 th time of putting; the dosage is reduced by half after the first two times of feeding, and the feeding is selectively carried out according to the water quality change condition from the sixth feeding;
(4) after the submerged plants are planted, starting to put in ecological balance medicament, and selecting derris root powder (the dosage is 2 kg/thousand cubic meters) and super-functional mosla purifying (the dosage is 300 g/thousand square meters) as ecological balance medicament; after the first time of putting, if fish injury, insect injury, snail injury, hydropenia and/or moss outbreak appear later, the corresponding ecological balance medicament is selected and put according to the dosage;
(5) one week later, putting mosquito-eating fish (stocking amount is not more than 3 per square meter), black carp (stocking amount is not more than 3 per square meter) and catfish (stocking amount is not more than 2 per square meter) in the water body;
(6) trimming submerged plants by using an underwater mower regularly, wherein the height of the submerged plants is not lower than 1/3 of the water depth after each trimming; after pruning, chlormequat chloride (powder with the mass fraction of 98 percent can be adopted and the dosage is 400 g/kilocubic meter according to the actual content) is thrown in every 10 to 15 days;
(7) and periodically supplementing the water lost by evaporation into the water body.
The artificial lake treated by the method has the advantages that the continuous maintenance is carried out for more than 2 years, the water depth is kept to be clear within 1.8m, the water landscape effect is improved without changing water, only the evaporation loss water quantity is periodically supplemented, the fish damage, the insect damage, the snail damage, the water woolly condition and/or the moss outbreak are effectively inhibited, the environment is protected, and the cost is low.
Example 4
A water body treatment construction maintenance method comprises the following steps:
(1) covering planting soil on the original foundation, wherein the thickness of the covering soil is about 35 cm; after the soil covering is finished, finely trimming and finely flattening the terrain, and picking out stones and garbage in the original planting soil to prepare for planting submerged plants;
(2) selecting the following submerged plants in parts by weight:
4 parts of foxtail spicatum, 4 parts of potamogeton pectinatus, 4 parts of hydrilla verticillata, 4 parts of malayan eupatorium herb, 0.3 part of goldfish algae, 0.3 part of Juques and 3 parts of micro-dentate eupatorium herb;
cutting the selected submerged plant into submerged plant sections with the length of 40cm, planting in a cuttage mode, wherein the planting quantity is 2.0 kg/square meter, the spacing between planting clusters is 25cm, each cluster is directly planted into soil from the middle in a cuttage mode and is fixed by about ten cm, and the planting height is 1.8m from the water surface;
(3) floating aquatic plants and garbage are salvaged in time to prevent rotting; an oxygen adding machine is used for adding oxygen to the water body every day, and EM stock solution (the using amount is 12 kg/kilocubic meter), photosynthetic active water (the using amount is 12 kg/kilocubic meter) and composite bacillus (the using amount is 3 kg/kilocubic meter) are selected as microorganism water replenishing agents; after 3 days of planting the submerged plants, starting to put in the microbial water-replenishing agent in a multi-time putting mode; the interval time of the first two times of microbial water-benefiting agent is 3-4 days, the interval of the microbial water-benefiting agent is 1 week from the 3 rd time of putting, and the interval of the microbial water-benefiting agent is half a month after the 5 th time of putting; the dosage is reduced by half after the first two times of feeding, and the feeding is selectively carried out according to the water quality change condition from the sixth feeding;
(4) after the submerged plants are planted, starting to put in ecological balance medicament, and selecting derris root powder (the dosage is 4 kg/thousand cubic meters) and super-functional mosla purifying (the dosage is 600 g/thousand square meters) as ecological balance medicament; after the first time of putting, if fish injury, insect injury, snail injury, hydropenia and/or moss outbreak appear later, the corresponding ecological balance medicament is selected and put according to the dosage;
(5) one week later, putting mosquito-eating fish (stocking amount is not more than 3 per square meter), black carp (stocking amount is not more than 3 per square meter) and catfish (stocking amount is not more than 2 per square meter) in the water body;
(6) trimming submerged plants by using an underwater mower regularly, wherein the height of the submerged plants is not lower than 1/3 of the water depth after each trimming; after pruning, chlormequat chloride (powder with the mass fraction of 98 percent can be adopted and the dosage is 600 g/kilocubic meter according to the actual content) is thrown in every 10 to 15 days;
(7) and periodically supplementing the water lost by evaporation into the water body.
The artificial lake treated by the method has the advantages that the continuous maintenance is carried out for more than 2 years, the water depth is kept to be clear within 1.8m, the water landscape effect is improved without changing water, only the evaporation loss water quantity is periodically supplemented, the fish damage, the insect damage, the snail damage, the water woolly condition and/or the moss outbreak are effectively inhibited, the environment is protected, and the cost is low.
Example 5
A water body treatment construction maintenance method comprises the following steps:
(1) covering planting soil on the original foundation, wherein the thickness of the covering soil is about 30 cm; after the soil covering is finished, finely trimming and finely flattening the terrain, and picking out stones and garbage in the original planting soil to prepare for planting submerged plants;
(2) selecting the following submerged plants in parts by weight:
3 parts of foxtail ear flower, 3 parts of potamogeton pectinatus, 3 parts of hydrilla verticillata, 3 parts of Malaysia malacea, 0.1 part of Goldfish algae, 0.1 part of Juques and 1 part of Microchloe arborescens
Cutting the selected submerged plant into submerged plant sections with the length of 35cm, planting in a cuttage mode, wherein the planting quantity is 1.6 kg/square meter, the spacing between planting clusters is 20cm, each cluster is directly fixed in soil by cutting from the middle in a mode of about ten cm, and the planting height is 1.5m from the water surface;
(3) floating aquatic plants and garbage are salvaged in time to prevent rotting; an oxygen adding machine is used for adding oxygen to the water body every day, and EM stock solution (the using amount is 10 kg/kilocubic meter), photosynthetic active water element (the using amount is 10 kg/kilocubic meter) and composite bacillus (the using amount is 2 kg/kilocubic meter) are selected as microorganism water replenishing agents; after 3 days of planting the submerged plants, starting to put in the microbial water-replenishing agent in a multi-time putting mode; the interval time of the first two times of microbial water-benefiting agent is 3-4 days, the interval of the microbial water-benefiting agent is 1 week from the 3 rd time of putting, and the interval of the microbial water-benefiting agent is half a month after the 5 th time of putting; the dosage is reduced by half after the first two times of feeding, and the feeding is selectively carried out according to the water quality change condition from the sixth feeding;
(4) after the submerged plants are planted, starting to put in ecological balance medicament, and selecting derris root powder (the dosage is 3 kg/thousand cubic meters) and super-functional mosla purifying (the dosage is 450 g/thousand square meters) as ecological balance medicament; after the first time of putting, if fish injury, insect injury, snail injury, hydropenia and/or moss outbreak appear later, the corresponding ecological balance medicament is selected and put according to the dosage;
(5) one week later, putting mosquito-eating fish (stocking amount is not more than 3 per square meter), black carp (stocking amount is not more than 3 per square meter) and catfish (stocking amount is not more than 2 per square meter) in the water body;
(6) trimming submerged plants by using an underwater mower regularly, wherein the height of the submerged plants is not lower than 1/3 of the water depth after each trimming; after pruning, chlormequat chloride (powder with the mass fraction of 98 percent can be adopted and the dosage is 500 g/kilocubic meter according to the actual content) is thrown in every 10 to 15 days;
(7) and periodically supplementing the water lost by evaporation into the water body.
The artificial lake treated by the method has the advantages that the continuous maintenance is carried out for more than 2 years, the water depth is kept to be clear within 2.5 meters, the water landscape effect is improved without changing water, only the evaporation loss water quantity is supplemented periodically, the fish damage, the insect damage, the snail damage, the water woolly condition and/or the moss outbreak are effectively inhibited, the environment is protected, and the cost is low.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be appreciated that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and are not restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some or all of the features thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention; it is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such alternatives and modifications that are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (12)
1. A water body treatment construction maintenance method is characterized by comprising the steps of putting a microbial water-benefiting agent and an ecological balance medicament into a water body, wherein a planting soil layer is arranged at the bottom of the water body, and submerged plants are planted in the planting soil layer;
the microbial water-benefiting agent comprises an EM stock solution, photosynthetic active water elements and composite bacillus, wherein the dosage of the EM stock solution is 10 kg/thousand cubic meters, the dosage of the photosynthetic active water elements is 10 kg/thousand cubic meters, and the dosage of the composite bacillus is 2 kg/thousand cubic meters;
the ecological balance medicament comprises a fish control medicament and a water control sponge and/or a moss medicament, wherein the dosage of the fish control medicament is 3 kg/thousand cubic meters, and the dosage of the water control sponge and/or the moss medicament is 450 g/thousand square meters;
the submerged plant comprises the following submerged plants in parts by weight:
3 parts of foxtail spicatum, 3 parts of potamogeton pectinatus, 3 parts of hydrilla verticillata, 3 parts of malayan eupatorium herb, 0.1 part of goldfish algae, 0.1 part of Juques and 1 part of micro-dentate eupatorium herb;
the length of the submerged plant is 35 cm;
the planting amount of the submerged plants is 1.6 kg/square meter;
the space between the planting clusters of the submerged plants is 20 cm;
the thickness of the planting soil layer is 30 cm;
the planting depth of the submerged plant is 1.5 m;
breeding carnivorous fishes in a water body; the carnivorous fish comprises mosquito-eating fish, black carp, snakehead and catfish, the stocking amount of the mosquito-eating fish is not more than 3 per square meter, the stocking amount of the black carp is not more than 3 per thousand per square meter, the stocking amount of the snakehead is not more than 3 per thousand per square meter, and the stocking amount of the catfish is not more than 2 per thousand per square meter;
the fish control agent comprises derris root powder;
the water-controlling sponge and/or moss medicament comprises super mosla cyanea cleaner;
in the water body treatment construction maintenance process, regularly trimming the submerged plants;
controlling the growth height of the submerged plant to be lower than the water surface; after each pruning, the height of the submerged plant is not lower than 1/3 of the water depth;
after pruning, chlormequat chloride is put in; the chlormequat chloride is put in every 10-15 days; the dosage of the chlormequat chloride is 500 g/thousand cubic meters.
2. The water body treatment, construction and maintenance method according to claim 1, wherein the submerged plants are planted in a cutting manner.
3. The water body treatment, construction and maintenance method according to claim 1, wherein the microbial water-replenishing agent is put into the submerged plant 3 days after the submerged plant is planted.
4. The water body treatment, construction and maintenance method according to claim 1, wherein the microbial water-benefiting agent is delivered for a plurality of times.
5. The water body treatment, construction and maintenance method according to claim 4, wherein the interval between the first two times of microbial water aqua release is 3-4 days, the release time interval is 1 week from the 3 rd release, and the release time interval is half a month after the 5 th release.
6. The water treatment, construction and maintenance method according to claim 5, wherein the amount of the water is reduced by half after the first two times of throwing.
7. The water body treatment, construction and maintenance method according to claim 1, wherein floating garbage and aquatic weeds are fished in time during the water body treatment, construction and maintenance process.
8. The water body treatment, construction and maintenance method according to claim 1, wherein the water body is oxygenated.
9. The water body treatment, construction and maintenance method according to claim 8, wherein an oxygenating machine is used for oxygenating.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the water is oxygenated daily by day.
11. The water body treatment, construction and maintenance method according to claim 1, wherein an underwater mower is used for trimming.
12. An artificial lake adopting the water body treatment construction maintenance method of any one of claims 1 to 11.
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| CN108781580B (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2021-09-07 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Method for quickly constructing lake clear water type ecosystem by newly excavated hard sediments |
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| CN106045053A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-10-26 | 无锡市太湖湖泊治理有限责任公司 | Method for water purification and submerged vegetation restoration of water level controllable eutrophic water |
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| CN105152347A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2015-12-16 | 四川鑫淼环保科技有限责任公司 | Building and management method for submerged vegetations in water of lakes |
| CN105776557A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-20 | 江苏江达生态科技有限公司 | Reconstruction method of submerged plant communities in shallow lakes |
| CN106045053A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-10-26 | 无锡市太湖湖泊治理有限责任公司 | Method for water purification and submerged vegetation restoration of water level controllable eutrophic water |
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