CN106721843B - 双菌蛋白固体饮料 - Google Patents
双菌蛋白固体饮料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106721843B CN106721843B CN201611078116.2A CN201611078116A CN106721843B CN 106721843 B CN106721843 B CN 106721843B CN 201611078116 A CN201611078116 A CN 201611078116A CN 106721843 B CN106721843 B CN 106721843B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
本发明属于食品配方领域,具体公开一种双菌蛋白固体饮料,其配方中包括如下组分:鼠李糖乳杆菌、乳双歧杆菌、低聚异麦芽糖、乳清蛋白、清蛋白多肽粉、大豆肽粉、蓝莓果汁粉、草莓果汁粉、葡萄糖酸锌、麦芽糊精、抗性糊精和葡萄糖。该配方同时含有与免疫功能密切相关的益生菌、蛋白质、维生素A、维生素C、维生素E、维生素B和锌、铁、铜、硒元素等物质,对增强免疫力有显著的效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于固体饮料食品配方技术领域,特别涉及一种双菌蛋白固体饮料。
背景技术
免疫力是人体自身的防御机制,是人体识别和消灭外来侵入的任何异物(病毒、细菌等),处理衰老、损伤、死亡、变性的自身细胞以及识别和处理体内突变细胞和病毒感染细胞的能力。
人体的免疫功能是由各种免疫细胞(包括淋巴细胞、单核细胞、巨噬细胞、粒细胞、肥大细胞、辅助细胞等,主要存在于血液中)与这些细胞所分泌的抗体和细胞因子,以及肝、脾、淋巴结、胸腺、骨髓等含有大量白细胞的器官所组成的一个庞大的免疫系统来执行的。
人体的免疫系统主要有三方面的功能:①防御病原性微生物感染的防护功能;②清除体内“杂质”的自我稳定功能;③对自身或受外界刺激所产生的种类变异细胞进行识别和杀灭的免疫监管功能。
人体90%的疾病与免疫力有关,免疫力低下最直接的表现就是容易生病,因经常患病,加重了机体的消耗,所以一般有体质虚弱、营养不良、精神萎靡、疲乏无力、食欲降低、睡眠障碍等表现,长此以往会导致身体和智力发育不良,还易诱发重大疾病。
免疫系统本身是在不断地对其细胞和蛋白质的成分进行自我更新,并比其他器官的更新速度快得多。免疫系统每天必须更新自身的大部分,还必须识别抗原物质和快速合成多种蛋白质,如免疫球蛋白、补体和各种酶,它必须快速产生淋巴细胞、浆细胞和嗜中性白细胞,故免疫系统比其他系统更依赖于日常充足的营养供给。由氨基酸到多肽最后合成蛋白质,依赖于由脂肪和碳水化合物所产生的合成能量,以及各种维生素和矿物质所发挥的种种重要作用。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种能够增强免疫力的双菌蛋白固体饮料。本发明还提供了该固体饮料的制备方法,采用常规的制剂方法制备成粉剂,分别准确称取各配料,充分混合均匀,分装。
本发明采用的技术方案为:
一种双菌蛋白固体饮料,配方中包括如下组分:鼠李糖乳杆菌、乳双歧杆菌、低聚异麦芽糖、乳清蛋白、清蛋白多肽粉、大豆肽粉、蓝莓果汁粉、草莓果汁粉、葡萄糖酸锌、麦芽糊精、抗性糊精和葡萄糖。
所述的双菌蛋白固体饮料,所述配方中各组分按如下重量百分比进行配料:
所述的双菌蛋白固体饮料,所述乳清蛋白为水解乳清蛋白。
所述的双菌蛋白固体饮料,所述清蛋白多肽粉的低聚肽含量按质量百分比不低于60%,以干基计,相对分子质量分布在1000道尔顿以下的比例不低于80%。
所述的双菌蛋白固体饮料,所述大豆肽粉的肽含量按质量百分比不低于80%,以干基计,相对分子质量分布在2000道尔顿以下的比例不低于90%。
一种所述双菌蛋白固体饮料的制备方法,将各配料制成粉剂,按配方配比用量分别称取,充分混合均匀后,进行分装。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下突出的优点:
1、本发明的双菌蛋白固体饮料同时含有与免疫功能密切相关的益生菌、蛋白质、维生素A、维生素C、维生素E、维生素B和锌、铁、铜、硒元素等物质,对增强免疫力有显著的效果。
2、本发明双菌蛋白固体饮料中的各组分互促互进,在增强免疫功效方面还有相互增进的作用:小分子多肽和低聚异麦芽糖能促进肠内双歧杆菌等乳酸菌的增殖,从而提高益生菌的比例;α-乳白蛋白和益生菌能促进锌的吸收;β-乳球蛋白能与视黄醇结合,促进维生素A的吸收和利用;乳铁蛋白和维生素B2可以促进铁的吸收;维生素A与锌能相互作用,从而对于两种物质的吸收起到事半功倍的效果。
3、花青素、维生素E、维生素C、SOD和胡萝卜素均具有抗氧化功能,在本发明中还通过发挥抗氧化功能而增强机体的免疫功能。
4、水解乳清蛋白、清蛋白多肽和大豆肽比蛋白质更容易被吸收,消化吸收率极高,为机体提供所需要的各种氨基酸,并提高机体的细胞免疫功能。
5、本发明添加了纯天然植物蓝莓果汁粉和草莓果汁粉,含有种类丰富、含量较高的具有增强免疫力功效的组分,增强免疫力的效果比添加多种维生素和矿物质元素还要好,并且掩盖了大豆肽和清蛋白多肽的难闻的气味和肽的味道,本发明产品口感微甜,略带一点点酸,水果香味浓郁,滋味宜人,颜色呈淡紫红色,有利于增进儿童进食的欲望。
具体实施方式
一种双菌蛋白固体饮料,由下列重量百分比的成分组成:
鼠李糖乳杆菌 2-15%
乳双歧杆菌 2-15%
低聚异麦芽糖 0.5-10%
水解乳清蛋白 2-10%
清蛋白多肽粉 0.5-10%
大豆肽粉 0.5-10%
蓝莓果汁粉 0.5-20%
草莓果汁粉 0.5-20%
葡萄糖酸锌 0.043-0.128%
麦芽糊精 1-15%
抗性糊精 0.5-10%
葡萄糖 40-80%。
所述的清蛋白多肽粉的低聚肽含量(以干基计)要不低于60%(质量百分比),相对分子质量分布在1000道尔顿以下的比例不低于80%。
所述的大豆肽粉的肽含量(以干基计)要不低于80%(质量百分比),相对分子质量分布在2000道尔顿以下的比例不低于90%。
所述的所有原料均为经严格筛选的符合相应的国家标准/行业标准和国家规定的合格产品。
制备方法,采用常规的制剂方法制备成粉剂。即:分别准确称取各配料,充分混合均匀,分装。
合理营养是维持正常免疫功能的基本条件。当机体某些营养素缺乏,即使生理功能和各种生理指标尚属正常时,免疫功能就已表现出一些异常变化,如胸腺、脾脏等淋巴器官的组织形态结构,免疫活性细胞的数量、分布、功能等,均会有所改变、衰弱。
维持正常免疫系统的必要条件:
1)免疫功能与益生菌:益生菌能够合成某些维生素,对有害细菌的增殖有抑制作用、对免疫功能有刺激和促进的效果;
2)免疫功能与蛋白质:如蛋白质的营养不良,将造成免疫系统中用于细胞增殖所需的氨基酸、多肽链的缺失,就难以合成必要的各种免疫物质;
3)免疫功能与维生素A:当维生素A缺乏或不足时,对人体的特异性免疫功能和非特异性免疫功能均可产生显著影响;
4)免疫功能与维生素C:维生素C对胸腺、脾脏、淋巴结等淋巴器官产生淋巴细胞的能力有显著影响,并通过抗氧化水平的提高而增强机体的免疫功能;
5)免疫功能与维生素E:血浆中维生素E的浓度与体内T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞的增殖能力呈正关系;
6)免疫功能与维生素B:维生素B6缺乏时可影响核酸的合成,不利于细胞分裂和蛋白质合成,从而影响抗体的合成;维生素B族都是水溶性维生素,它们是协同作用,调节新陈代谢,增进免疫系统和神经系统的功能,促进细胞生长和分裂;
7)免疫功能与锌:锌直接参与细胞免疫和体液免疫过程,是维持完整免疫系统所必不可少的物质;
8)免疫功能与铁:铁能增强中性粒细胞的杀菌和吞噬功能,维护T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞的增殖、分化和抗体产生;
9)免疫功能与铜:铜是体内近40种氧化还原酶的组成成分,故缺乏时可通过对铜依赖性酶的介导而使免疫功能受到抑制;
10)免疫功能与硒:硒可选择性调节某些淋巴细胞亚群的产生,能诱导免疫活性细胞的合成和分泌细胞因子。
乳双歧杆菌属双歧杆菌属,双歧杆菌是肠道内最具代表性的有益菌,在婴幼儿肠道中是一种最优势的菌。双歧杆菌活菌制剂具有免疫增强作用,可明显刺激腹腔巨噬细胞,提高其吞噬能力;能够提高红细胞免疫粘附功能,通过对人体的免疫调节作用,提高人体免疫机能,有效帮助肝脏细胞抵制病毒侵蚀。在体内能够合成维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B5、维生素B6、维生素B12、维生素E、维生素H、维生素K、叶酸、烟酸和泛酸,并通过抑制维生素分解菌来保障维生素的供给。
鼠李糖乳杆菌是人类研究最广泛的益生菌之一,能促进双歧杆菌的生长,肠道黏着率高,定植能力强,在肠道内通过竞争吸附位置和营养源、分泌抑菌物质(如酸、抑菌素等)和调节免疫反应来对抗病原菌和病毒,改善肠道免疫能力。
双歧因子低聚异麦芽糖,能提高双歧杆菌等益生菌的比例,降低产气荚膜梭状芽胞杆菌等腐败菌的繁殖,有助于调节肠道菌群。
乳清蛋白是一类蛋白质的统称,其主要成分包括β-乳球蛋白、α-乳白蛋白、糖巨肽、免疫球蛋白、牛血清蛋白、乳铁蛋白等。乳清蛋白以其纯度高、吸收好、氨基酸组成合理等诸多优势被称为“蛋白之王”。其所含免疫球蛋白能调节机体免疫力,增强抗病能力;α-乳白蛋白能与钙、锌等离子结合,促进这些元素的吸收;β-乳球蛋白能与视黄醇结合,促进维生素A的吸收和利用;乳铁蛋白有显著地促进中性白细胞或小吞噬细胞的吞噬作用及杀灭作用,促进自然杀伤细胞的活化,淋巴细胞、中性白细胞的增殖调节等作用,乳铁蛋白还对铁离子有极高的亲和力,是一种很理想的铁载体,能增加铁的生物利用率,促进对铁的吸收,另具有较好的抗氧化作用。水解乳清蛋白是蛋白酶水解浓缩乳清蛋白的产物,相比未经过水解的乳清蛋白粉更容易被吸收,消化吸收率高达100%,水解过的蛋白质失去引发人体过敏的能力,具有更高的生物利用价值。
清蛋白多肽(白蛋白多肽)作为功能性活性肽不仅具有低粘度、溶解性好、活性高等特点,而且还具有易消化、易吸收、低抗原性等特点,对肝脏具有恢复作用,可补充机体所需要的各种氨基酸,可促进免疫组织的功能恢复,可提高核酸及分解产物的吸收和提高免疫器官的分布,可有益于免疫细胞内核酸代谢的补救合成,并提高机体的细胞免疫功能。
大豆肽是将大分子的大豆蛋白质,利用生物技术酶解成由2到10个氨基酸组成的小分子片段。大豆肽富含22种氨基酸,其中包含8种人体不能合成的必需氨基酸。小分子多肽比蛋白质容易被吸收,故消化吸收率极高,并且具有无豆腥味、无蛋白变性、酸性不沉淀、加热不凝固、易溶于水、流动性好等良好的加工性能,具备提高免疫调节功能,能促进肠内双歧杆菌和乳酸菌的增殖,对肠胃有调节功能。
蓝莓的主要成分包括:花色苷类总含量约110-260mg/100g鲜果(但野生种可高达0.33-3.38g/100g鲜果)、总酚类物质总含量约150-945mg/kg鲜果,总黄酮醇类物质总含量约50mg/kg鲜果;一般性营养成分(100g可食部计)有:蛋白质0.74g、脂肪0.33g、碳水化合物14.49g、维生素C 10mg、维生素A 81-100μgRE、维生素E 0.57mg、SOD样物质5.39U、钙6mg、钾77mg、磷12mg、镁6mg、锌0.16mg、铁0.28mg、铜0.057mg、锰0.336mg、硒0.1mg。
草莓的主要成分(100g可食部计)包括:碳水化合物7.1g、脂肪0.2g、蛋白质1.0g、纤维素1.1g、维生素A 5μgRE、维生素C 47mg、维生素E 0.71mg、胡萝卜素30μg、维生素B10.02mg、维生素B2 0.03mg、维生素B3 0.3mg、镁12mg、钙18mg、铁1.8mg、锌0.14mg、铜0.04mg、锰0.49mg、钾131mg、磷27mg、钠4.2mg、硒0.7μg。
蓝莓和草莓中含有含量较高的维生素A、维生素C、维生素E、维生素B族和金属元素锌、铁、铜、硒、镁等,是维持正常免疫系统的必要条件,与免疫功能都有密切的关系。另外,蓝莓中富含的花青素是当今人类发现最有效的抗氧化剂。
充足的锌可提升胸腺、T淋巴细胞攻击、歼灭病源微生物等免疫功能,提高免疫力,从而减少感染多种流行性疾病的可能。葡萄糖酸锌作为有机锌源有口感好、稳定性好、生物利用率高、极易被吸收、对胃的刺激小等优点,是一种应用最为广泛的补锌营养强化剂。
实施例1 一种双菌蛋白固体饮料
经严格筛选的符合相应的国家标准/行业标准和国家规定的合格产品,取得各原料;
分别准确称取鼠李糖乳杆菌8kg、乳双歧杆菌8kg、水解乳清蛋白5kg、清蛋白多肽粉5kg、大豆肽粉5kg、蓝莓果汁粉6kg、草莓果汁粉6kg、麦芽糊精5kg、抗性糊精5kg、葡萄糖酸锌0.1kg、低聚异麦芽糖4kg、葡萄糖42.9kg;将准确称量后的各原料粉充分混合均匀,分装。
实施例2 免疫力对比实验
碳廓清试验
实验动物:4~5周龄的小鼠,18~22g,雄性,共60只。
根据体重随机对实验动物分成6组,每组10只小鼠:
对照组:蒸馏水
I组:采用实施例1的配方及用量;
Ⅱ组:鼠李糖乳杆菌16kg、水解乳清蛋白5kg、清蛋白多肽粉5kg、大豆肽粉5kg、蓝莓果汁粉6kg、草莓果汁粉6kg、麦芽糊精5kg、抗性糊精5kg、葡萄糖酸锌0.1kg、低聚异麦芽糖4kg、葡萄糖42.9kg;
Ⅲ组:乳双歧杆菌16kg、水解乳清蛋白5kg、清蛋白多肽粉5kg、大豆肽粉5kg、蓝莓果汁粉6kg、草莓果汁粉6kg、麦芽糊精5kg、抗性糊精5kg、葡萄糖酸锌0.1kg、低聚异麦芽糖4kg、葡萄糖42.9kg;
Ⅳ组:鼠李糖乳杆菌8kg、乳双歧杆菌8kg、乳清蛋白5kg、清蛋白多肽粉5kg、大豆肽粉5kg、蓝莓果汁粉6kg、草莓果汁粉6kg、麦芽糊精5kg、抗性糊精5kg、葡萄糖酸锌0.1kg、低聚异麦芽糖4kg、葡萄糖42.9kg;
V组:鼠李糖乳杆菌8kg、乳双歧杆菌8kg、水解乳清蛋白5kg、清蛋白多肽粉5kg、大豆肽粉5kg、复合维生素0.3kg、复合矿物质1.2kg、麦芽糊精5kg、抗性糊精5kg、葡萄糖酸锌0.1kg、低聚异麦芽糖4kg、葡萄糖53.4kg;
分别将I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、V组的组合物以蒸馏水为溶剂配制成所需浓度的溶液,将对照组和配制后的I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、V组溶液经口灌胃分别给予6组小鼠,灌注量为每天1.67g/kg(溶液/体重),按此法受试30天后,进行碳廓清试验,结果如下:
表1 单核-巨噬细胞碳廓清试验对比结果
小鼠和对应灌胃溶液组别 | 吞噬指数 |
对照组 | 4.16±0.50 |
I组 | 4.83±0.47 |
Ⅱ组 | 4.52±0.43 |
Ⅲ组 | 4.57±0.37 |
Ⅳ组 | 4.44±0.38 |
V组 | 4.31±0.41 |
由表1可知:I组小鼠的单核-巨噬细胞碳廓清吞噬指数均高于对照组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ和V组(P<0.05),说明I组增强免疫力效果优于对照组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ和V组。
实施例3 针对不同水果粉配方产品进行感官对比
由于大豆肽和清蛋白多肽具有难闻的气味和口感不好的肽的味道,因此需要选择添加水果粉能够使配制的固体饮料具有宜人的气味和滋味,同时选取兼具增强免疫力功效的水果粉,包括蓝莓果汁粉、梨汁粉、桑葚果汁粉、草莓果汁粉,按照下列配方制备固体饮料,分别取5克制备的各产品,加入到40ml 50℃的温开水中,完全溶解。通过观、嗅、尝,对各产品的色泽、滋、气味进行评价对比。
配方A:鼠李糖乳杆菌8kg、乳双歧杆菌8kg、水解乳清蛋白5kg、清蛋白多肽粉5kg、大豆肽粉5kg、蓝莓果汁粉6kg、梨汁粉6kg、麦芽糊精5kg、抗性糊精5kg、葡萄糖酸锌0.1kg、低聚异麦芽糖4kg、葡萄糖42.9kg
配方B:鼠李糖乳杆菌8kg、乳双歧杆菌8kg、水解乳清蛋白5kg、清蛋白多肽粉5kg、大豆肽粉5kg、蓝莓果汁粉6kg、桑葚果汁粉6kg、麦芽糊精5kg、抗性糊精5kg、葡萄糖酸锌0.1kg、低聚异麦芽糖4kg、葡萄糖42.9kg
配方C(实施例1):鼠李糖乳杆菌8kg、乳双歧杆菌8kg、水解乳清蛋白5kg、清蛋白多肽粉5kg、大豆肽粉5kg、蓝莓果汁粉6kg、草莓果汁粉6kg、麦芽糊精5kg、抗性糊精5kg、葡萄糖酸锌0.1kg、低聚异麦芽糖4kg、葡萄糖42.9kg
配方D:鼠李糖乳杆菌8kg、乳双歧杆菌8kg、水解乳清蛋白5kg、清蛋白多肽粉5kg、大豆肽粉5kg、梨汁粉6kg、桑葚果汁粉6kg、麦芽糊精5kg、抗性糊精5kg、葡萄糖酸锌0.1kg、低聚异麦芽糖4kg、葡萄糖42.9kg
配方E:鼠李糖乳杆菌8kg、乳双歧杆菌8kg、水解乳清蛋白5kg、清蛋白多肽粉5kg、大豆肽粉5kg、梨汁粉6kg、草莓果汁粉6kg、麦芽糊精5kg、抗性糊精5kg、葡萄糖酸锌0.1kg、低聚异麦芽糖4kg、葡萄糖42.9kg
配方F:鼠李糖乳杆菌8kg、乳双歧杆菌8kg、水解乳清蛋白5kg、清蛋白多肽粉5kg、大豆肽粉5kg、草莓果汁粉6kg、桑葚果汁粉6kg、麦芽糊精5kg、抗性糊精5kg、葡萄糖酸锌0.1kg、低聚异麦芽糖4kg、葡萄糖42.9kg
表2 针对不同水果粉配方产品感官对比结果描述
由表2得出结论:配方C即本发明实施例1产品色泽为浅紫红色,无难闻的肽的气味,口感微甜,略带一点点酸,水果香味浓郁,无肽的味道,滋味宜人,从颜色、气味和滋味方面均好于其他配方产品。
Claims (5)
2.如权利要求1所述的双菌蛋白固体饮料,其特征在于,所述乳清蛋白为水解乳清蛋白。
3.如权利要求1所述的双菌蛋白固体饮料,其特征在于,所述清蛋白多肽粉的低聚肽含量按质量百分比不低于60%,以干基计,相对分子质量分布在1000道尔顿以下的比例不低于80%。
4.如权利要求1所述的双菌蛋白固体饮料,其特征在于,所述大豆肽粉的肽含量按质量百分比不低于80%,以干基计,相对分子质量分布在2000道尔顿以下的比例不低于90%。
5.一种如权利要求1-4所述双菌蛋白固体饮料的制备方法,其特征在于,将各配料制成粉剂,按配方配比用量分别称取,充分混合均匀后,进行分装。
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