CN106719143B - Efficient breeding method for summer fingerlings of pelteobagrus fulvidraco - Google Patents
Efficient breeding method for summer fingerlings of pelteobagrus fulvidraco Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
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- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a high-efficiency cultivation method of pelteobagrus fulvidraco summer fingerlings, which comprises the following steps: 1) selecting a cultivation pond; 2) clearing and disinfecting a pond; 3) managing the water quality; 4) stocking the fry; 5) feeding management; 6) disease control; 7) summer fingerling. The cultivation method can effectively improve the abundance and the persistence of the opening bait for cultivating the summer fingerlings of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco, such as protozoa and rotifers, improve the cultivation survival rate, the breeding fullness and the specification uniformity of the summer fingerlings, is favorable for market popularization, and has good economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency cultivation method of pelteobagrus fulvidraco summer fingerlings.
Background
Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (reading sound: s { hacek over (ng)) fish (school name: Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) is a fish of the genus Pelteobagrus in the family of Pseudobagdae. The body length is about 20cm, the ventral surface is flat, the back half part of the body is flat, and the caudal peduncle is slender. Big and flat head, short kiss, round and blunt, slightly equal length of upper and lower jaws, large mouth, lower position, two facial and palate bones are provided with villous dental belts. Small eye, lateral position. There are 4 pairs of palpitations, the tip of the nasal palpitations extending behind the eyes, 1 pair of maxillary palpitations, the longest one, and 2 pairs of Yixu, shorter than the maxillary palpitations. The body is bare and has no scale, and the lateral line is complete. Miscellaneous food, staple food, benthic small animals, shrimps, aquatic small insects, some invertebrates, and the like. Spawning in 4-5 months, digging a pit for nesting parent fish and protecting the habit of offspring.
The pelteobagrus fulvidraco feeding habit is a omnivorous fish with the feeding habit as the main part. Foraging activities are typically performed at night, and food includes small fish, shrimp, various terrestrial and aquatic insects (particularly chironomid larvae), small mollusks and other aquatic invertebrates. Sometimes also small fish are prey. Its feeding property varies with the environment and the season, and other fish eggs are often eaten in spring and summer.
In 2013, the feed sale amount of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco in China is about 24 million t, wherein 16 million t is in east China, 6 million t is in south China, and 1 million t is in China and other areas. At present, the cost of the yellow catfish feed for cultivating 100 g/tail in south China is 6.3-7.5 yuan/500 g, the cost of the yellow catfish feed for cultivating 5.1-6.0 yuan/500 g in east China, and the cost of the yellow catfish feed for cultivating 4.5-5.1 yuan/500 g in middle China.
The price of the yellow catfish pond head in the east China of 2013 is 11 yuan/500 g; the price of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco in the south China is 10 yuan/500 g, if the total cost is calculated according to 10 yuan/500 g, the profit of 500g of pelteobagrus fulvidraco cultured in the south China is 0.6-1.8 yuan/500 g, the yield per mu can reach about 2,500kg, and the net profit is 3,000-9,000 yuan/mu; the profit of cultivating 500g of pelteobagrus fulvidraco in east China is 1.8-2.7 yuan/500 g, the yield per mu can reach about 1,000kg, and the net profit is 3,600-5,400 yuan/mu; the profit of 500g of pelteobagrus fulvidraco cultured in the Chinese area is 3.2-3.9 yuan/500 g, the yield per mu can reach about 500kg, and the net profit is 3,200-3,900 yuan/mu.
The pelteobagrus fulvidraco has high nutritive value, high growth speed, strong environment adaptation and disease resistance, easy feeding and large market demand, is accepted by fishermen as a new fresh water excellent breeding variety and has wide market prospect. At present, due to the lack of corresponding corollary equipment and mature technology, the pelteobagrus fulvidraco production field is extremely low in pond breeding rate in summer, and some pelteobagrus fulvidraco breeding field even cover the whole army, so that the pelteobagrus fulvidraco fingerlings in summer are pretty in recent years, and the price is high. The improvement of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco summer flower cultivation technology, particularly the pond cultivation technology, has important significance for developing pelteobagrus fulvidraco cultivation in a large scale.
For the cultivation of pelteobagrus fulvidraco fingerlings, the following patent documents mainly exist at home at present:
patent publication No.: CN105660482A discloses a breeding method for improving survival rate of pelteobagrus fulvidraco fry, which comprises the steps of pond selection, bait cultivation, aquatic weed planting, fry breeding, bait feeding, water quality management and daily management. However, the special sterilization medicine is only adopted to improve the culture environment of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco, the feed for the pelteobagrus fulvidraco fry is not improved, the immunity is adjusted only from the external environment, the internal factors such as diet and the like are ignored, and the improvement effect is not obvious.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the existing problems, the invention aims to provide the high-efficiency cultivation method of the summer fingerlings of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco, the cultivation method can effectively improve the abundance of the initial feed for cultivating the summer fingerlings of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco, improve the cultivation survival rate, the cultivation fullness and the specification uniformity of the summer fingerlings, is favorable for market popularization, and has good economic benefit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an efficient cultivation method of pelteobagrus fulvidraco summer fingerlings comprises the following steps:
1) selective breeding pond
The area of the cultivation pond is 2-10 hm2The depth of the pond is more than or equal to 1.8m, the bottom of the pond is made of hard mud, the gradient ratio is 1:3, the water temperature is 24-32 ℃, the dissolved oxygen in the water is more than or equal to 5mg/L, and the pH value of the water body is 7-8.5;
2) pool cleaning and disinfection
Emptying the pond, putting the pond to a water depth of 0.5-0.7 m, and sprinkling mollusks such as snails and mussels in the pond by using mollusks such as 7-8 kg/hm2Placing the pond water after the molluscacide is used for 7-10 days to dry the water, adding the water again to the water depth of 0.2-0.4 m, and adding quicklime according to the ratio of 1500-2250 kg/hm2The usage amount of the water-soluble fertilizer is dissolved into slurry water and then immediately sprayed to kill wild trash fish and bacteria in the pond;
3) water quality management
Adding water 5-7 days after the pond quicklime is disinfected, adding water to the depth of 1-1.5 m, adding water, and adding 7-9 kg/hm2Sprinkling the pesticide solution in the whole pool, sprinkling humic acid solution or fruit acid solution in the whole pool every 1 day for detoxification, adjusting water quality, adding base fertilizer every 1 day after detoxification, culturing the water quality for 3-5 days, and fishing out the small branches with a 50-70 mesh fishing net;
wherein, the humic acid solution or the fruit acid solution are both commercially available products, the components are shown in a product instruction book, and the dosage is used according to the product instruction book. The base fertilizer is a commercial product, mainly comprises amino acid fertilizer water paste, a biological organic fertilizer and high-quality algae seeds, and has the components shown in a product specification, and the base fertilizer is used according to the using amount of the product specification.
4) Fry stocking
In the last ten days of 5 months to 9 months, after the water quality is cultivated for 3 to 5 days, selecting a sunny day, and putting the pelteobagrus fulvidraco fry at a position 5 to 10m away from the bank in the upwind position of the pond, wherein the specifications of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco fry are 0.8 to 1cm, and the stocking density is 150 to 300 ten thousand tails per hm2Adding water once every 5-7 days after seedling release when the temperature of the pool water is 24-26 ℃, adding water once every 5-7 days when the temperature of the water exceeds 27 ℃, and injecting water once every 2-3 days, wherein the water change amount is 5-10% of the total amount of the pool water each time, the transparency of a water body is kept at 0.2-0.3 m, the dissolved oxygen of the water body is kept to be not less than 5mg/L, and the pH value of the water body is 7-8.5;
5) feeding management
After fry stocking, topdressing is carried out every 3-5 days, the topdressing product is a base fertilizer, in addition, No. 3 granular feed (a commercially available product) of pelteobagrus fulvidraco begins to be put in on the 7 th day after fry stocking, the granular feed is crushed into powder, the particle size of the powder is 0.2mm, the powder is added with water and kneaded into a dough form for feeding, the dough diameter is 8-10 cm, and a classified feeding mode is adopted:
a first stage: feeding the dough for 1-5 days, wherein the feeding interval is 1.5-2 m, the feeding amount is 0.1-0.15 kg/10 ten thousand seedlings, the feeding is carried out for 4 times a day, and the feeding interval time is 3-4 hours;
and a second stage: feeding the flour dough for 5-10 days, adjusting the particle size of the crushed powder to be 0.2mm, adjusting the feeding interval to be 4-5 m, feeding the flour dough for 0.15-0.20 kg/10 ten thousand seedlings, feeding for 4 times a day, and feeding interval time for 3-4 hours;
and a third stage: on the 11 th day of feeding the dough, the feeding interval is increased to 7-9 m, the feeding amount is 0.2-0.25 kg/10 ten thousand seedlings, feeding is carried out for 3 times a day, and the feeding time interval is 4 hours;
fourth stage: after the fry are put in a suitable place for breeding, when the body length of the fry is 1.5cm in 13 th to 15 th days, a feeding table is erected beside a pond, and granular feed (a commercially available product) of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco product No. 0 with the diameter of 0.5 to 1.5mm is fed for 4 times a day, wherein the feeding time interval is 3 to 4 hours;
and a fifth stage: feeding the breaded fish for 2 times a day after the fries are gathered to a feeding table for feeding for 6-8 days, wherein the breaded fish diameter is 8-10 cm, the feeding time interval is 8-10 hours, and the feeding amount is 0.1-0.15 kg/10 ten thousand fries;
a sixth stage: feeding the pelteobagrus fulvidraco product No. 0 pellet feed for 6-8 days, feeding the pelteobagrus fulvidraco product for 3 times a day at intervals of 4-6 hours, and feeding the pelteobagrus fulvidraco product in 8-10% after eating the pelteobagrus fulvidraco product in 30-40 min;
6) disease control
After 6-8 days of fry stocking, 2-3 kg/hm of fry are used for 9: 00-11: 00 sunny days2Copper sulfate water solution is splashed; after 13-15 days of fry stocking, 3-5 kg/hm of fry are used for 9: 00-11: 00 sunny days2The copper sulfate water solution is splashed, an aerator with the power of 2-4 kw is started immediately after the copper sulfate water solution is splashed, and the aerator is continuously started for 20-24 hours to prevent bacterial infection and ciliate disease;
7) summer fingerling
The fish fries are cultured into summer fingerlings 25-30 days later, the body length is 2.5-3 cm, and then commercial puffing pellet feed (commercial product) for pelteobagrus fulvidraco can be selectively fed, the grain size of the feed is 1.0-2.0 mm, and large-scale fingerling culture or commercial fish culture is carried out.
Further, the molluscacide used in the step 1) is molluscacide, and the main component of the molluscacide is the boron-magnesium ore powder added with 2 percent of metaldehyde and synergist.
The molluscacide is a commercially available product, the action mechanism is that the killing effect of the boron-magnesium ore powder on oncomelania is slow and lasting, metaldehyde with a rapid effect and a synergist for promoting the opening of small-leaved lemmaphyllum of the oncomelania are added for compounding, and the molluscacidal effect is enhanced.
In addition, in the water adding process in the step 3), the water inlet pipe is sleeved with a 50-70-mesh net bag to filter wild trash fish, fish eggs, trash fish and the like in the water.
In addition, the pesticide solution in the step 3) is 3.75-4.5 kg/hm2The crystal dipterex and 3.75-4.5 kg/hm2The copper sulfate is mixed and then added with water to form a mixed solution.
In the step 4), when the water temperature is 24-26 ℃, the water depth of the fry put in the fry pond is 1-1.2 m, and the time interval between fry putting and water adding is 4-5 days (because the plankton propagation speed is slow when the water temperature is low, the water quality cultivation time is long, the water depth is shallow, which is beneficial to improving the water temperature, but not less than 1m, which is beneficial to keeping the water body stable); when the water temperature is 27-32 ℃, the water depth of the fries kept 1.3-1.5 m, and the time interval between fry placing and water adding is 1-3 days (because the plankton propagation speed is high when the water temperature is high, the water quality cultivation time is short, the water depth is favorable for keeping the water stability, improving the total amount of the plankton and increasing the space for the movement of the fries).
Furthermore, in the step 4), when the temperature of the pond water is 24-26 ℃, seedlings are released after the sun comes out, and the seedlings are released between 10:00 and 16: 00; when the water temperature of the pond is 27-32 ℃, seedlings are released before the sun comes out, and the seedlings are released 6:00 in the morning.
In the step 4), an impeller aerator with power of 2-4 kw is arranged 15-20 m away from the seedling placing position, the aerator is started for 24 hours before seedling placing, and the water is continuously started for 24 hours at the temperature of 24-26 ℃; the water temperature is 27-32 ℃, and the opening time is 36-48 h.
In addition, the protein content in the granular feed of the product No. 3 of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco and the granular feed of the product No. 0 of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco in the step 5) is 40-43 wt% respectively.
In addition, the feeding time of the first stage, the second stage and the fourth stage in the step 5) is respectively 7:00 in the morning and 10 in the morning: 00. 2:00 pm and 5:00 pm; the third-level daily feeding time is 7:00 in the morning and 11 in the morning: 00 and 5:00 pm; the fifth feeding time is 7:00 in the morning and 5:00 in the afternoon; the sixth feeding time per day was 7:00 in the morning, 11:00 in the morning and 5:00 in the afternoon.
And 5), checking the fullness of the fish body and the abundance of natural baits in water, and performing topdressing according to the change condition of water quality after stocking the fries, wherein the topdressing conditions are as follows: when the transparency of the water body exceeds 0.3 m; or the quantity of the small twigs which can see the grey white color is not large by using a 60-mesh fishing net; or when the fry swims along the side of the pond in one direction; or timely topdressing is needed when the fry is sampled, if the head is large and the body is thin and the abdomen is flat (the topdressing product is a commercial base fertilizer and is used according to the dosage of the instruction).
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
a) sprinkling special medicines to kill mollusks such as snails and mussels in the pond, reducing large aquatic animals in the water body, reducing the competition living space of other organisms and fishes, and preventing the aquatic animals from competing with fish fries for natural biological bait, dissolving oxygen and absorbing water body fertility in the culture process;
b) the used quicklime is large in pond cleaning dosage, and is increased by 100% compared with the normal dosage because the sterilization medicine is used to enable bacteria to generate drug resistance along with the long pond culture time, and the dosage is increased to neutralize residual heavy metal ions in the normal time on one hand and supplement calcium ions in a water body on the other hand; on the other hand, with the industrial development, most of rainfall is acidic at ordinary times, and the alkalinity of the water body can be improved and the pH value of the water body can be stabilized by using quicklime;
c) after water is discharged, crystal trichlorfon and copper sulfate are mixed to form an insecticide solution to kill aquatic organisms such as macropodus, copepods and aquatic insects in the water body, because the macropodus, copepods and aquatic insects eat small zooplankton, the water body is cleared, and fry harmful organisms are formed. After the two medicines are used for killing, initial bait (zooplankton) of the fry is easy to culture in the initial stage of cultivation;
d) continuously starting the impeller aerator for more than 48 hours before and after the fry is placed, on one hand, the dissolved oxygen in the water can be increased, and the Dissolved Oxygen (DO) is continuously kept at 5-9 mg/L; the other side can disperse the redundant oxygen in the water body through the stirring of the water body, thereby reducing the possibility of the fry getting the bubble disease;
e) the method for supplementing the artificial feed (the granular feed of the product No. 3 of the yellow catfish and the granular feed of the product No. 0 of the yellow catfish) is used for timely supplementing the natural bait, so that the fry is fed and differentiated, the stronger the weaker the more the fish, the integral specification uniformity of the fish is influenced, the supplement of the artificial bait can ensure the sufficiency of the bait, the full feeding of the fish can be ensured, and the survival rate can be improved by 20%;
f) meanwhile, a feeding mode is scientifically designed, a grading feeding mode is adopted, and feeding amount, feeding interval and feeding time of each time are set, so that scientific feeding is realized, and the survival rate is improved;
g) the breeding pond selected by the breeding method has requirements on pond water depth, gradient, dissolved oxygen in water and water body pH value, meets the survival requirement of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco, and can improve the amount of initial baits of pelteobagrus fulvidraco fry and keep the persistence of the baits by adopting the pond-cleaning disinfection and water quality management method of the efficient breeding method of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco summer fingerlings; the disinfectant and the disinfection mode are adopted, so that bacteria in the water body can be effectively inhibited; by adopting the feeding mode of the method, the deficiency of natural baits is supplemented, the cultivation survival rate of the summer fingerlings, the cultivation fullness and the specification uniformity are improved, the summer fingerlings of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco can be obtained after 25-30 days of cultivation, the survival rate is 75-85%, the yield is 240-260 kg/mu, the average body length is 2.5-3 cm, the fish body specification is uniform, and the fullness is better.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The invention relates to a high-efficiency cultivation method of pelteobagrus fulvidraco summer fingerlings, which comprises the following steps:
1) selective breeding pond
In 2016, 5 months and 13 days, selecting a cultivation pond with the area of 8.9 mu, the length of 112 m, the width of 53 m, the depth of 1.5m and the bottom of the pond as hard mud;
2) cleaning and sterilizing the pond
Emptying the pond at 5/13/2016, adding water to water depth of 0.7m, sprinkling commercial molluscicide to kill screws and mussels in the pond, standing for 7 days, draining water, adding fresh water to water depth of 0.3m, and adding quicklime according to 2600kg/hm2Sprinkling quantitative slurry to kill wild trash fish and bacteria;
3) water quality management
Adding water 7 days after the pond is disinfected by quicklime, filtering wild trash fish, roe, trash fish and the like in the water by a 60-mesh net bag of a water inlet pipe sleeve, adding water to the water depth of 1.1m, and adding 3.8kg/hm of crystal trichlorfon after adding water2And copper sulfate 3.8kg/hm2The two mixed chemical waters are splashed in a whole pool to kill aquatic organisms such as large-scale cladocera, copepods, aquatic insects and the like in the water body, humic acid solution (a commercially available product with the components shown in a product specification and used according to the dosage of the product specification) which is a product for regulating water quality is splashed in the whole pool to detoxify every 1 day, and commodity base fertilizer (a commercially available product with the main components of amino acid fertilizer water paste, biological organic fertilizer and excellent algae seed) is added in every 1 day after detoxification, the components shown in the product specification are added according to the dosage of the product specificationUsing the usage amount of the instruction manual), after 3 days of water quality cultivation, fishing out the small offwhite twigs by using a 60-mesh fishing net, and preparing for stocking the fries;
4) fry stocking
And 5, 29 months, and starting a 3kw impeller aerator at 8:00 in the morning. Day 5, 30 months, sunny weather, water temperature 25 ℃, morning 10: feeding 135 ten thousand fish fries of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco fish with the specification of 0.9cm, wherein the feeding density is about 15 ten thousand fish fries/mu, and starting an impeller aerator for 24 hours after the fries are fed;
6) water quality management
Fertilizing is carried out in 6 months and 2 days, commercial base fertilizers are used, the fertilizer mainly comprises 2 barrels of amino acid fertilizer water paste (packaged by 5L/barrel), 2 bags of bio-organic fertilizer (packaged by 10 kg/bag) and 1 bag of excellent algae seeds (packaged by 500 g/bag), fresh water is added for 5cm immediately after the fertilizer is used, a new water source and the algae seeds are supplemented, and an impeller aerator is started for 8 hours. Topdressing is carried out for 1 time respectively in 6 months and 9 days, 6 months and 16 days and 6 months and 23 days, and fresh water is added for 5cm immediately after each topdressing. Topdressing is carried out for 4 times in the whole summer flower cultivation process, the transparency of the water body is maintained to be 0.2-0.3 m, the dissolved oxygen in the water is more than or equal to 5mg/L, and the pH value of the water body is 7-8.5; adding water for 1 time in 7 days in 6 months, 12 days in 6 months, 17 days in 6 months, 22 days in 6 months and 29 days in 6 months respectively, wherein the water addition amount is 10 cm; the aerator is started at 12: 00-16: 00 per day and 10: 00-6: 00 per night.
5) Feeding feed
Manually feeding broken feed of the Pelteobagrus fulvidraco product No. 3 pellet feed from 6 months 5 to 6 months 8, wherein the diameter of broken powder is 0.2mm, adding water and stirring until the broken powder can be kneaded into a dough by hands, the dough is kneaded into round cakes with the size of 8-10 cm, the broken powder is fed into the whole pond along the pond, the distance from the pond edge is 0.5m outwards, the feeding distance is 1.5m, the feeding amount is 1.4 kg/ton, 4 times a day, the time is 7:00 in the morning, and the feed is 10 in the morning: 00, 2:00 in the afternoon, 5:00 in the afternoon, and 5.6kg of total feeding amount in one day; the fish body fullness is checked for 2 times after feeding for 1h and 2h each time, on one hand, the fish body fullness is checked, on the other hand, the fish feeding condition is observed, the feed is eaten within 2h, if the feed is eaten within 2h, the feed is eaten, the feeding amount is insufficient, the feeding amount can be properly increased, and the increase of each time is 0.1 kg.
The feed feeding amount is 1.8 kg/ton in 6 months, 9 days to 6 months, 14 days, the feeding is properly increased, the distance is changed to 2m, 4 times a day, the time is 7:00 in the morning, 10 in the morning: 00, 2:00 in the afternoon, 5:00 in the afternoon, and 5.6kg of total feeding amount in one day. The fish body fullness is checked for 2 times after feeding for 1h and 2h each time, on one hand, the fish body fullness is checked, on the other hand, the fish feeding condition is observed, the feed is eaten within 2h, if the feed is eaten within 2h, the feed is eaten, the feeding amount is insufficient, the feeding amount can be properly increased, and the increase of each time is 0.1 kg.
2 kg/ton of feed is put in 15 days in 6 months to 21 days in 6 months, the feeding is properly increased, the distance is changed to 4m, 4 times a day, the time is 7:00 in the morning, 10 am: 00, 2:00 in the afternoon and 5:00 in the afternoon, and the total feeding amount of one day is 8 kg. Checking for 2 times after feeding for 1h and 2h each time, checking the fullness of the fish body on one hand, and observing the feed intake condition of the fish on the other hand, wherein the feed is preferably eaten within 2h, if the feed is eaten within 2h, the feed is not enough, the feeding amount can be properly increased, the increase of each time is 0.1kg, and the sample is made at the moment.
The particle size of the crushed particles is increased from 22 days at 6 months to 28 days at 6 months, the particle size is adjusted to 0.2-0.5 mm, the feed feeding amount is 2.5 kg/ton, the feeding is properly increased, the distance is changed to 4m, 4 times a day, the time is 7:00 in the morning, 10 in the morning: 00, 2:00 in the afternoon and 5:00 in the afternoon, wherein the total feeding amount in one day is 10 kg. The fish body fullness is checked for 2 times after feeding for 1h and 2h each time, on one hand, the fish body fullness is checked, on the other hand, the fish feeding condition is observed, the feed is eaten within 2h, if the feed is eaten within 2h, the feed is eaten, the feeding amount is insufficient, the feeding amount can be properly increased, and the increase of each time is 0.1 kg. And (5) performing fingerling proofing in 23 days after 6 months, wherein the fingerling specification is 1.5-1.7 cm, and the swimming ability is very strong. The fry can be seen to swim to the water surface and take food during night duty.
A round food table is set up 24 days in 6 months, and the diameter of the food table is 6 m. After the feeding table is erected, 0.5kg of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco product No. 0 granulated feed is placed in the feeding table, the particle size is 1mm, and the pelteobagrus fulvidraco product is clapped when fed every time to form conditioned reflex for fingerlings. The feeding frequency of the feeding table is not fixed, the feeding table can be used for feeding for multiple times, but the feeding time is kept at least 4 times, and the feeding time is consistent with the powder feeding time.
With the increase of the fish species eaten in the past, the feeding amount of the feed fed into the feeding table is properly increased, and the feed is eaten within 30-40 min. Meanwhile, the feeding of the broken feed dough cannot be stopped. Along with the increase of the feeding amount of the feeding table, the feeding amount of the dough can be correspondingly reduced, and the feeding interval is 8m and gradually gets close to the feeding table.
Most of pelteobagrus fulvidraco summer fingerlings are eaten in a feeding table at 29-7-2 days in 6 months, the specification of the sampled fingerlings is 2.8-3 cm, the fingerlings are fed for 3 times a day, the feeding time is 7:00 in the morning, 11:00 in the morning and 5:00 in the afternoon, the feeding amount is 10-15 kg/ton, the feeding amount is 40kg daily, and the feeding amount is 8-9%.
7) Disease control
2.25kg/hm for 6 months and 5 days2Splashing the copper sulfate water in the whole pool, and starting an impeller aerator for 8 hours after splashing; 3.75kg/hm for 6 months and 19 days2The copper sulfate water is splashed in the whole pool, and the impeller aerator is started for 8 hours after the copper sulfate water is splashed. The fish breed cultivation process has no bacterial diseases and can effectively prevent bacterial infection and ciliate disease.
8) Summer fingerling
After the fry are cultivated for 30 days, summer fingerlings are bred, and after 7 months and 4 days, netting sale and pond-dividing cultivation of large-size fingerlings are carried out, wherein the length of the sampled fish is 2.8-3 cm, the size of the sampled fish is neat, the weight of the sampled fish is 2180 tail/kg, 500kg of hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco fingerlings are obtained together, and the survival rate is 80.74%.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The method for efficiently breeding the summer fingerlings of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
selective breeding pond
The area of the cultivation pond is 2-10 hm2The depth of the pond is more than or equal to 1.8m, the bottom of the pond is made of hard mud, the gradient ratio is 1:3, the water temperature is 24-32 ℃, the dissolved oxygen in the water is more than or equal to 5mg/L, and the pH value of the water body is 7-8.5;
pool cleaning and disinfection
Emptying the pond, putting the pond to a water depth of 0.5-0.7 m, and sprinkling mollusks such as snails and mussels in the pond by using mollusks such as 7-8 kg/hm2The pond water is placed for 7 to 10 days after the molluscacide is used for draining waterDrying, adding water again to the depth of 0.2-0.4 m, and adding quicklime according to 1500-2250 kg/hm2The usage amount of the water-soluble fertilizer is dissolved into slurry water and then immediately sprayed to kill wild trash fish and bacteria in the pond;
water quality management
Adding water 5-7 days after the pond quicklime is disinfected, adding water to the depth of 1-1.5 m, adding water, and adding 7-9 kg/hm2Sprinkling the pesticide solution in the whole pool, sprinkling humic acid solution or fruit acid solution in the whole pool every 1 day for detoxification, adjusting water quality, adding base fertilizer every 1 day after detoxification, culturing the water quality for 3-5 days, and fishing out the small branches with a 50-70 mesh fishing net;
fry stocking
In the last ten days of 5 months to 9 months, after the water quality is cultivated for 3 to 5 days, selecting a sunny day, and putting the pelteobagrus fulvidraco fry at a position 5 to 10m away from the bank in the upwind position of the pond, wherein the specifications of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco fry are 0.8 to 1cm, and the stocking density is 150 to 300 ten thousand tails per hm2Adding water once every 5-7 days after seedling release when the temperature of the pool water is 24-26 ℃, adding water once every 5-7 days when the temperature of the water exceeds 27 ℃, and injecting water once every 2-3 days, wherein the water change amount is 5-10% of the total amount of the pool water each time, the transparency of a water body is kept at 0.2-0.3 m, the dissolved oxygen of the water body is kept to be not less than 5mg/L, and the pH value of the water body is 7-8.5;
feeding management
After fry stocking, topdressing is carried out every 3-5 days, the topdressing product is a base fertilizer, in addition, No. 3 granular feed of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco products is put in on the 7 th day after fry stocking, the granular feed is crushed into powder, the particle size of the powder is 0.2mm, the powder is added with water and kneaded into a dough form for feeding, the dough diameter is 8-10 cm, and a grading feeding mode is adopted:
a first stage: feeding the dough for 1-5 days, wherein the feeding interval is 1.5-2 m, the feeding amount is 0.1-0.15 kg/10 ten thousand seedlings, the feeding is carried out for 4 times a day, and the feeding interval time is 3-4 hours;
and a second stage: feeding the flour dough for 5-10 days, adjusting the particle size of the crushed powder to be 0.2-0.5 mm, feeding the flour dough for 4-5 m at feeding intervals, feeding the flour dough for 0.15-0.20 kg/10 ten thousand seedlings for 4 times a day, and feeding the flour dough for 3-4 hours at feeding intervals;
and a third stage: on the 11 th day of feeding the dough, the feeding interval is increased to 7-9 m, the feeding amount is 0.2-0.25 kg/10 ten thousand seedlings, feeding is carried out for 3 times a day, and the feeding time interval is 4 hours;
fourth stage: when the body length of the fry is 1.5cm in 13 th to 15 th days after the fry is put in a suitable place for breeding, a feeding table is erected beside a pond, and granular feed 0 # of yellow catfish with the diameter of 0.5 to 1.5mm is fed for 4 times a day at the interval of 3 to 4 hours;
and a fifth stage: feeding the breaded fish for 2 times a day after the fries are gathered to a feeding table for feeding for 6-8 days, wherein the breaded fish diameter is 8-10 cm, the feeding time interval is 8-10 hours, and the feeding amount is 0.1-0.15 kg/10 ten thousand fries;
a sixth stage: feeding the pelteobagrus fulvidraco product No. 0 pellet feed for 6-8 days, feeding the pelteobagrus fulvidraco product for 3 times a day at intervals of 4-6 hours, and feeding the pelteobagrus fulvidraco product in 8-10% after eating the pelteobagrus fulvidraco product in 30-40 min;
disease control
After 6-8 days of fry stocking, 2-3 kg/hm of fry are used for 9: 00-11: 00 sunny days2Copper sulfate water solution is splashed; after 13-15 days of fry stocking, 3-5 kg/hm of fry are used for 9: 00-11: 00 sunny days2The copper sulfate water solution is splashed, an aerator with the power of 2-4 kw is started immediately after the copper sulfate water solution is splashed, and the aerator is continuously started for 20-24 hours to prevent bacterial infection and ciliate disease;
summer fingerling
The fish fries are cultured into summer fingerlings 25-30 days later, the body length is 2.5-3 cm, the commercial puffing pellet feed for the pelteobagrus fulvidraco can be selectively fed at the moment, the grain size of the feed is 1.0-2.0 mm, and large-scale fingerling culture or commercial fish culture is carried out.
2. The method for efficiently cultivating the summer fingerlings of the yellow catfishes according to claim 1, wherein the molluscacidal medicine used in the step 1) is molluscacide, and the main component of the boron-magnesium ore powder is added with 2% of metaldehyde and a synergist.
3. The efficient cultivation method of pelteobagrus fulvidraco summer fingerlings according to claim 1, wherein the pesticide solution in the step 3) is 3.75-4.5 kg/hm2The crystal dipterex and 3.75-4.5 kg/hm2The copper sulfate is mixed and then added with water to form a mixed solution.
4. The efficient cultivation method of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco summer fingerlings according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step 4), when the pond water temperature is 24-26 ℃, seedlings are released after the sun comes out, and the seedlings are released between 10:00 and 16: 00; when the water temperature of the pond is 27-32 ℃, seedlings are released before the sun comes out, and the seedlings are released 6:00 in the morning.
5. The method for efficiently cultivating the summer fingerlings of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco according to claim 1 or 4, wherein in the step 4), an impeller aerator with power of 2-4 kw is arranged 15-20 m away from a fry placing position, the impeller aerator is started for 24 hours before fry placing, and the water temperature is kept at 24-26 ℃ for 24 hours; the water temperature is 27-32 ℃, and the opening time is 36-48 h.
6. The efficient cultivation method of pelteobagrus fulvidraco summer fingerling according to claim 1, wherein the feeding time of the first stage, the second stage and the fourth stage in the step 5) is 7:00 in the morning and 10 in the morning respectively: 00. 2:00 pm and 5:00 pm; the third-level daily feeding time is 7:00 in the morning and 11 in the morning: 00 and 5:00 pm; the fifth feeding time is 7:00 in the morning and 5:00 in the afternoon; the sixth feeding time per day was 7:00 in the morning, 11:00 in the morning and 5:00 in the afternoon.
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| CN1875697A (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2006-12-13 | 苏州市水产研究所有限公司 | A high-yield method for breeding pelteobagrus fulvidraco in pond |
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Inventor after: Zhang Hongying Inventor after: Xu Zheng Inventor after: Xu Aiguo Inventor after: Zhang Maoyou Inventor after: Chen Zupei Inventor after: Zhou Xiaodong Inventor before: Zhang Hongying Inventor before: Xu Zheng Inventor before: Chen Zupei Inventor before: Zhang Maoyou Inventor before: Zhou Xiaodong |
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Effective date of registration: 20210408 Address after: 215000 group 26, beilian village, Wujiang Economic and Technological Development Zone (Tongli town), Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province (rural residence) Patentee after: SUZHOU JUFU AQUATIC PRODUCTS Co.,Ltd. Address before: No.16, Xiaoshi Road, Luzhi Town, Wuzhong District, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: SUZHOU AQUAFARM Co.,Ltd. |