CN103355240B - Green high-yield fish mixed culturing method - Google Patents
Green high-yield fish mixed culturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103355240B CN103355240B CN201310342169.0A CN201310342169A CN103355240B CN 103355240 B CN103355240 B CN 103355240B CN 201310342169 A CN201310342169 A CN 201310342169A CN 103355240 B CN103355240 B CN 103355240B
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a green high-yield fish mixed culturing method. The method comprises the steps of cleaning a fishpond and enabling the fishpond to be fertile, choosing appropriate time to place selected fish fries into the pond, feeding the fish fries according to the fish sizes and the fish types, and regularly checking, preventing and curing diseases and pests for fish in the fish pond. In addition, in special time, the fish pond and the fish are conserved, and the fish in the fishpond is fished timely. By means of the method, the green high-yield fish mixed culturing method can construct a small ecological system, can conserve ecological balance in the fishpond, increases the fish types and the fish yield, improves the fish quality and economical benefits of people, avoids drug abuse, effectively guarantees fish nature and safety and enables people to eat the fish safely.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture field, particularly relate to a kind of fish mixed cultivation method of green high yield.
Background technology
Aquaculture is the activity in production of breeding, cultivating and gather in the crops aquatic animals and plants under manual control.Generally comprise the overall process forming aquatic products under artificial feeding management from seed, certainly also comprise the cultivation of fish.
But now, the fingerling class that people once cultivate is little, not only can not meet the many-sided needs of people, there is the ecotope being unfavorable for safeguarding in fish pond, once there be damage by disease and insect, the output of fish can not be guaranteed, and now a lot of without the good businessman also medicine such as abuse of antibiotics, not environmental protection, also endangers the health of people so people need the method for cultivation of fish more met the demands.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves is to provide a kind of fish mixed cultivation method of green high yield, has environmental protection, output advantages of higher, has market prospects widely on applying and popularizing simultaneously.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
Provide a kind of fish mixed cultivation method of green high yield, its step comprises:
1) to clean up the pond and getting fat: the water in fish pond left 5cm-10cm or drains, being then sprinkled upon after ammoniacal liquor dilute with water uniformly in fish pond;
After 4-6 days, water filling is carried out to fish pond;
Splash in the surrounding in fish pond after pig manure, cow dung and rabbit excrement are mixed;
The tea dregs of rice, salt and the quicklime ratio according to mass ratio 20:1:1 is mixed, and mixture is sprinkled upon in fish pond uniformly;
After 4-10 days, in fish pond, put 10-20 tail fish and 20-50 prawn in a suitable place to breed and detect the pH value of water in fish pond, carrying out prelibation;
If fishes and shrimps do not have poisoning or dead sign and pH value is less than 9, then fish pond can be used to cultivate;
If being poisoned to death appears in fishes and shrimps, sign or pH are more than or equal to 9, then fish pond can not be used to cultivate;
2) pool under: in September-November, choose neat specification, physique stalwartness fry and put into storage seedling case;
When the temperature difference in fish pond temperature and Chu Miao case is less than or equal to 5 DEG C, with open-mouthed bait, feeding is carried out to fry, and carry out the input of fry according to the ratio of every mu of fish pond silver carp seedling 70-150 tail, carp fry 1400-1600 tail, grass carp seedling 100-280 tail and variegated carp seedling 50-100 tail;
3) feeding: by pork liver, yeast, fish meal, algae, dish cake, soya-bean cake or minced meat mixed configuration adult feedstuff, and feed intake with device for feeding fish bait right place, every day feeds intake 3-6 time;
After natural complex tablet is pulverized and fish meal be mixed into reinforcement feed, feed intake 1-3 time weekly;
Throw in weekly the mixed feed be mixed into of 2-3 vitamin C, algae and minced meat;
Throw something and feed mixed feed and strengthen feed shortest time between be interposed between 4 hours in the scope of 6 hours;
4) diseases and pests controlling: every 15 days, the fry capturing various species according to the oversampling ratio of fish sum 2% in fish pond carries out the inspection of disease worm;
If the quantity of ill fish is less than 35% of fish quantity summation in fish pond, then judge by the state of an illness of the fish of getting, and use the special disease-resistant drug of corresponding fish;
If the quantity of ill fish is more than or equal to 35% of fish quantity summation in fish pond, then the fish in fish pond is all got, drain Chi Shui, take out the mud bottom fish pond, and allow bottom fish pond and be exposed to the sun to be full of cracks through the sun;
Refill fresh water, and carry out disinfection with quicklime, after waiting lack of toxicity, throw free and easy raw element, microorganism formulation and bacteria preparation;
5) maintenance and fishing for: when temperature is higher than 28 DEG C, carried out oxygenation every 2-6 hour to fish pond;
Every 1-2 month, extract the water of in fish pond 1/4th, and change new water;
Before Second Year November, the fish in fish pond is fished in batches, and drains the water in fish pond.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the quality allocation ratio of described fish meal comprises:
A. pork liver 20%, fish meal 40%, soya-bean cake 20%, dish cake 10% and algae 10%;
B. fish meal 40%, soya-bean cake 20%, dish cake 20%, algae 9% and yeast 1%;
C. meat 50%, fish meal 20%, soya-bean cake 15% and dish cake 15%;
D. fish meal 30%, minced meat 10%, soya-bean cake 20%, dish cake 20% and algae 20%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described natural complex tablet comprises: vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, cobalamin, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, nicotinic acid and pantothenic acid.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gross area in fish pond is in the scope of 15 mu to 30 mu.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described open-mouthed bait comprise in yolk, soya-bean milk, wheel animalcule, algae, buck, flea class, earthworm, red nematode, fly maggot and silkworm chrysalis one or more.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the fish mixed cultivation method that the invention provides a kind of green high yield, a small-sized ecosystem can be built, the ecological balance in fish pond can be safeguarded, also kind and the output of fish can be increased, improve the quality of fish and the economic benefit of people, and not drug abuse, effectively ensure that the natural of fish and safety, what allow people eat feels more relieved.
Embodiment
Be clearly and completely described to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention below, obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making other embodiments all obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The embodiment of the present invention comprises:
A fish mixed cultivation method for green high yield,
Its step comprises:
1) to clean up the pond and getting fat: the water in fish pond left 5cm-10cm or drains, being then sprinkled upon after ammoniacal liquor dilute with water uniformly in fish pond; Ammoniacal liquor is a kind of well liquid nitrogen fertilizer, in strong basicity.The ammoniacal liquor of high concentration can make the pH value generation marked change of Chi Shui, can kill wild fishes class and the effect playing sterilization and disinfestation, have good prophylaxis effect;
After 4-6 days, water filling is carried out to fish pond;
Splash in the surrounding in fish pond after pig manure, cow dung and rabbit excrement are mixed;
The tea dregs of rice, salt and the quicklime ratio according to mass ratio 20:1:1 is mixed, and mixture is sprinkled upon in fish pond uniformly; The tea dregs of rice can kill various wild fishes class, spiral shell, freshwater mussel, frog's egg, tadpole and a part of aquatic insects such as loach, and the protein content of the tea dregs of rice is higher, are a kind of concentrated fertilizer, and getting fat effect can be played in the barren pond of, substrate few to mud;
Chemical reaction is there is in quicklime after meeting water, produce slaked lime, and release a large amount of heat energy, slaked lime is highly basic, its hydroxyl ion can make the pH value of Chi Shui bring up to more than 11 at short notice, thus wild fishes can be killed rapidly, various ovum, aquatic insect, snail, moss, parasite and pathogene and spore etc. thereof, quicklime and water react simultaneously, become calcium carbonate, the structure that calcium carbonate can make mud become loose, improve bed mud aeration condition, accelerate bed mud organic matter decomposition, add the metathesis of calcium, discharge the nitrogen adsorbed by mud, phosphorus, the nutrients such as potassium, Chi Shui is grown fat, serve the effect of fertilising indirectly,
After 4-10 days, in fish pond, put 10-20 tail fish and 20-50 prawn in a suitable place to breed and detect the pH value of water in fish pond, carrying out prelibation;
If fishes and shrimps do not have poisoning or dead sign and pH value is less than 9, then fish pond can be used to cultivate;
If being poisoned to death appears in fishes and shrimps, sign or pH are more than or equal to 9, then fish pond can not be used to cultivate, can ensure the Quality and yield of fry like this, prevent fry from being polluted by the harmful substance that period of cleaning up the pond produces.
2) pool under: in September-November, choose neat specification, physique stalwartness fry and put into storage seedling case;
When the temperature difference in fish pond temperature and Chu Miao case is less than or equal to 5 DEG C, with open-mouthed bait, feeding is carried out to fry, and carry out the input of fry according to the ratio of every mu of fish pond silver carp seedling 70-150 tail, carp fry 1400-1600 tail, grass carp seedling 100-280 tail and variegated carp seedling 50-100 tail.
When the lower pool, preferably selection is all the date of fine day in the recent period, and first will give fry feeding open-mouthed bait, effectively can increase the survival volume of fry like this, improve output, in addition, in a fish pond, raise the fry of 4 kinds or more simultaneously, kind biological in fish pond can be increased, enrich and improve food chain, improving the stability of ecotope in fish pond, fry both can have been allowed to cultivate and become environmental protection more, and be not easy to produce large-scale pathology, improve output.
Described open-mouthed bait comprise in yolk, soya-bean milk, wheel animalcule, algae, buck, flea class, earthworm, red nematode, fly maggot and silkworm chrysalis one or more.
3) feeding: by pork liver, yeast, fish meal, algae, dish cake, soya-bean cake or minced meat mixed configuration adult feedstuff, and feed intake with device for feeding fish bait right place, every day feeds intake 3-6 time;
After natural complex tablet is pulverized and fish meal be mixed into reinforcement feed, feed intake 1-3 time weekly;
Throw in weekly the mixed feed be mixed into of 2-3 vitamin C, algae and minced meat;
Throw something and feed mixed feed and strengthen feed shortest time between be interposed between 4 hours in the scope of 6 hours because vitamin C is easy to react with other vitamin, thus lose effect, so the time of feeding will stagger.
The quality allocation ratio of described fish meal comprises:
A. pork liver 20%, fish meal 40%, soya-bean cake 20%, dish cake 10% and algae 10%;
B. fish meal 40%, soya-bean cake 20%, dish cake 20%, algae 9% and yeast 1%;
C. meat 50%, fish meal 20%, soya-bean cake 15% and dish cake 15%;
D. fish meal 30%, minced meat 10%, soya-bean cake 20%, dish cake 20% and algae 20%.
Described natural complex tablet comprises: vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, cobalamin, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, nicotinic acid and pantothenic acid, vitamin is one of inadvisable few trace element of fish, and the requirement of different fish to vitamin kind and quantity is all different, such as, if fish are deficient in vitamin, A can cause the symptoms such as fish weak-eyed, skeleton development be abnormal; The B that is deficient in vitamin can cause the symptoms such as the amyotrophy of fish body, convulsions, anaemia, body colour be dimmed; Be deficient in vitamin the fish of C, its vertebrae often in deformity, rotten, the symptoms such as eye is impaired; Be deficient in vitamin fish poor growth, the rickets of D; Be deficient in vitamin the fish tissue atrophy of E, and obviously become thin in back, gonad development is bad, so regularly will allow fry replenishing vitamins.
4) diseases and pests controlling: every 15 days, the fry capturing various species according to the oversampling ratio of fish sum 2% in fish pond carries out the inspection of disease worm;
If the quantity of ill fish is less than 35% of fish quantity summation in fish pond, then judge by the state of an illness of the fish of getting, and use the special disease-resistant drug of corresponding fish;
If the quantity of ill fish is more than or equal to 35% of fish quantity summation in fish pond, then the fish in fish pond is all got, drain Chi Shui, take out the mud bottom fish pond, and allow bottom fish pond and be exposed to the sun to be full of cracks through the sun;
Refill fresh water, and carry out disinfection with quicklime, after lack of toxicity, throw free and easy raw element, microorganism formulation and bacteria preparation, the raw element of profit comprises: 1. aquatic products microorganism formulation: main component is bacillus and bafillus natto, the harmful substance such as organic dirt and ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulphide, nitrite in breeding water body can be eliminated, improve substrate, water quality, promote unicellular alga normal growth, stablize water body acid-base value, suppress pathogenic microorganism breeding, reduce the aquatic livestock incidence of disease; 2. the raw plain microorganism formulation of reinforced profit: the harmful substances such as organic dirt in breeding water body and ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulphide, nitrite can be eliminated, improve water quality, substrate, promotion unicellular alga normal growth, balance bacterium phase and algae phase, produce preponderant algae population, stablize acid-base value, build good ecotope.。
According to disease kind and the degree of sick fish, prevention and controls comprises: if 1. put the front terramycin of fish in fish pond and economic benefits and social benefits worm for fishing clear water solution carries out dipping sterilization, to improve the resistivity of fish self, the time of embathing is 15 minutes;
2. efficiently break out float in fish pond after spirit, 250 gram of hundred poisoning, 250 grams of copper sulphate mixing with 30 milliliters, be used in conjunction 2-3 days, 100 grams of aquatic products special soil mycins admixed in the feed of 30 kilograms to connect simultaneously and feed 5 days.
5) maintenance and fishing for: when temperature is higher than 28 DEG C, carried out oxygenation every 2-6 hour to fish pond, and the oxygen content of water can be allowed like this to remain at sufficient level, prevented fry dead because of anoxic;
Every 1-2 month, extract the water of in fish pond 1/4th, and change new water, the water in fish pond can be allowed like this to keep fresh, improve quality and the quality of self of fry living environment;
Before Second Year November, the fish in fish pond is fished in batches, and drains the water in fish pond.
The gross area in fish pond, in the scope of 15 mu to 30 mu, can improve output, additional income like this.
The beneficial effect of the fish mixed cultivation method of the green high yield of the present invention is: can build a small-sized ecosystem, the ecological balance in fish pond can be safeguarded, also kind and the output of fish can be increased, improve the quality of fish and the economic benefit of people, and not drug abuse, effectively ensure that the natural of fish and safety, what allow people eat feels more relieved.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize description of the present invention to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical field, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a fish mixed cultivation method for green high yield, it is characterized in that, step comprises:
1) to clean up the pond and getting fat: the water in fish pond left 5cm-10cm or drains, being then sprinkled upon after ammoniacal liquor dilute with water uniformly in fish pond;
After 4-6 days, water filling is carried out to fish pond;
Splash in the surrounding in fish pond after pig manure, cow dung and rabbit excrement are mixed;
The tea dregs of rice, salt and the quicklime ratio according to mass ratio 20:1:1 is mixed, and mixture is sprinkled upon in fish pond uniformly;
After 4-10 days, in fish pond, put 10-20 tail fish and 20-50 prawn in a suitable place to breed and detect the pH value of water in fish pond, carrying out prelibation;
If fishes and shrimps do not have poisoning or dead sign and pH value is less than 9, then fish pond can be used to cultivate;
If being poisoned to death appears in fishes and shrimps, sign or pH are more than or equal to 9, then fish pond can not be used to cultivate;
2) pool under: in September-November, choose neat specification, physique stalwartness fry and put into storage seedling case;
When the temperature difference in fish pond temperature and Chu Miao case is less than or equal to 5 DEG C, with open-mouthed bait, feeding is carried out to fry, and carry out the input of fry according to the ratio of every mu of fish pond silver carp seedling 70-150 tail, carp fry 1400-1600 tail, grass carp seedling 100-280 tail and variegated carp seedling 50-100 tail;
3) feeding: by pork liver, yeast, fish meal, algae, dish cake, soya-bean cake or minced meat mixed configuration adult feedstuff, and feed intake with device for feeding fish bait right place, every day feeds intake 3-6 time;
After natural complex tablet is pulverized and fish meal be mixed into reinforcement feed, feed intake 1-3 time weekly;
Throw in weekly the mixed feed be mixed into of 2-3 vitamin C, algae and minced meat;
Throw something and feed mixed feed and strengthen feed shortest time between be interposed between 4 hours in the scope of 6 hours;
4) diseases and pests controlling: every about 15 days, the fry capturing various species according to the oversampling ratio of fish sum 2% in fish pond carries out the inspection of disease worm;
If the quantity of ill fish is less than 35% of fish quantity summation in fish pond, then judge by the state of an illness of the fish of getting, and use the special disease-resistant drug of corresponding fish;
If the quantity of ill fish is more than or equal to 35% of fish quantity summation in fish pond, then the fish in fish pond is all got, drain Chi Shui, take out the mud bottom fish pond, and allow bottom fish pond and be exposed to the sun to be full of cracks through the sun;
Refill fresh water, and carry out disinfection with quicklime, after waiting lack of toxicity, throw free and easy raw element, microorganism formulation and bacteria preparation;
5) maintenance and fishing for: when temperature is higher than 28 DEG C, carried out oxygenation every 2-6 hour to fish pond;
Every 1-2 month, extract the water of in fish pond 1/4th, and change new water;
Before Second Year November, the fish in fish pond is fished in batches, and drains the water in fish pond.
2. the fish mixed cultivation method of green high yield according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the quality allocation ratio of described fish meal comprises:
A. pork liver 20%, fish meal 40%, soya-bean cake 20%, dish cake 10% and algae 10%;
B. meat 50%, fish meal 20%, soya-bean cake 15% and dish cake 15%;
C. fish meal 30%, minced meat 10%, soya-bean cake 20%, dish cake 20% and algae 20%.
3. the fish mixed cultivation method of green high yield according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described natural complex tablet comprises: vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, cobalamin, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, nicotinic acid and pantothenic acid.
4. the fish mixed cultivation method of green high yield according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the gross area in fish pond is in the scope of 15 mu to 30 mu.
5. the fish mixed cultivation method of green high yield according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described open-mouthed bait comprise in yolk, soya-bean milk, wheel animalcule, algae, buck, flea class, earthworm, red nematode, fly maggot and silkworm chrysalis one or more.
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| JPH0242924A (en) * | 1988-08-03 | 1990-02-13 | Mitsuo Takano | Rearing method of fishes and shellfishes by blue-green algae |
| JP2007267656A (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-18 | Nagasaki Prefecture | Method for breeding young fry |
| CN102986560B (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2014-04-02 | 华中农业大学 | Pond efficient ecological polyculture method suitable for grass carps, chubs, bighead carps, paddlefish and crucian carps |
| CN102919176A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-02-13 | 天津市蓟县如泉富水产养殖专业合作社 | Freshwater fish pollution-free green cultivation method |
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