CN106718568B - A kind of cherry method for culturing seedlings - Google Patents

A kind of cherry method for culturing seedlings Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106718568B
CN106718568B CN201611157579.8A CN201611157579A CN106718568B CN 106718568 B CN106718568 B CN 106718568B CN 201611157579 A CN201611157579 A CN 201611157579A CN 106718568 B CN106718568 B CN 106718568B
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seed
centimetres
seedling
cherry
parts
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CN106718568A (en
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李玉龙
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Fuyang Fushou Eco Agricultural Science And Technology Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/06Coating or dressing seed
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/30Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/28Myrtaceae [Myrtle family], e.g. teatree or clove

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Virology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to cherry field of planting, disclose a kind of cherry method for culturing seedlings, employ the mode of seed seedling-raising, include the following steps:(1)Seed treatment;(2)Nursery construction of base;(3)Sowing management;(4)It is managed after budding.The present invention passes through the Screening Treatment to cherry seed, it is good to obtain quality, disease resistance is strong, the high processing seed of germination rate, the construction in nursery base is suitble to the sprouting of seed, improve germination percentage, shorten the budding time, after planting management in time ensures that budding is neat, it is further managed after budding, it improves the speed of growth of seedling and improves seedling development form, the method for culturing seedlings of the present invention, seed germination rate reaches 99.8%, seedling percent reaches 100%, the cherry yield cultivated using the present invention improves 23 25%, illness rate reduces 34.6%, economic well-being of workers and staff improves 31 33%.

Description

A kind of cherry method for culturing seedlings
Technical field
The present invention relates to cherry field of planting, and in particular to a kind of cherry method for culturing seedlings.
Background technology
Cherry price remains high always in recent years, and expensive but sales volume is high, and often supply falls short of demand for Time To Market, reason It is not only in that the appearance of its good-looking exquisiteness and highly palatable taste, it is most important that its nutritive value is that other fruit are not comparable Intend, in fruit family, the content of general iron is relatively low, and cherry is remarkable, outshines othersOne branch of the tree is particularly thriving:Iron-holder in per hectogram cherry Up to 5.9mg occupy fruit first place;Carotene carotene content is 4~5 times more than grape, apple, orange.In addition, also contain in cherry The mineral elements such as vitamin B, C and calcium, phosphorus.Per 100g moisture content 83g, protein 1.4g, fatty 0.3g, sugared 8g, carbon hydrate Object 14.4g, 66 kilocalories, crude fibre 0.4g, ash content 0.5g, calcium 18mg, phosphorus 18mg, iron 5.9mg, carrotene 0.15mg of heat, sulphur Amine element 0.04mg, riboflavin 0.08mg, Buddhist nun theobromine 0.4mg, ascorbic acid 900mg, potassium 258mg, sodium 0.7mg, magnesium 10.6mg.Cherry Peach growing industry is increasingly flourishing, and kind most popular at present is gean, originates in Europe and western part of Asia, is sweet cherry Wild species, be most edible cherry source kind.Cultivation history is more long, and there are many cultivar, that common father-in-law, good fortune in Chinese city Longevity, Bin Ku, topaz, big purple belong to the system.Fruit can be eaten raw, also can be made into jam, fruit wine and can etc..Good wooden seedling is The basis of Cherry Production, wooden seedling quality quality not only directly affect the speed of Growth status, the morning and evening of result, yield height It is low, and have a great impact to the adaptability and resistance of tree, cherry method for culturing seedlings mainly have seed seedling-raising, cuttage and seedling culture, Graft seedling growth, it is fast that cuttage and seedling culture obtains seedling speed, however, as difficulty of taking root, causes survival rate not high, and the cherry tree grown up to Seedling disease resistance is poor, easily falls ill;The graft seedling growth speed of growth is fast, however, as stock mostly band virus, causes the cherry tree after surviving It is poor quality, and graft seedling growth is affected by weather, manages easy dead seedling not in time;And traditional seed seedling-raising, due to The advantages of problems such as its growing-seedling period is long, and bud ratio is low, people often do not go to pay attention to seed seedling-raising, the cherry that seed seedling-raising obtains It is fast to set growth rate, adaptable, yield is high, is not easy to fall ill, therefore, as long as the shortcomings that changing existing seed seedling-raising Obtain the cherry seedling of improved seeds.
Invention content
The advantages of in order to solve the cherry seed seedling-raising problem, play seed seedling-raising, the present invention provides a kind of cherries Peach method for culturing seedlings.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of cherry method for culturing seedlings, employs the mode of seed seedling-raising, includes the following steps:
(1)Seed treatment
Ripe seed is acquired from the excellent maternal plant for growing strong, high and stable yield, no disease and pests harm, seed is placed in clear water In clean up, remove pulp, screen the seed that is sunk under water, take out the moisture with hot blast drying surface, be conducive to solve Except seed dormancy, seed using seed dressing is dressed seed, there is enhancing seed disease resistance, accelerates germination and shortening seed is sprouted The effect of time is sent out, which is composed of the following raw materials by weight:11-13 parts of rice wine, 6-8 parts of lacebark pine needle, ailanthus altissima leaf 5-7 parts, 4-6 parts of cloves petal, 3-5 parts of violet petal, 1-2 parts of dusty yeast;
(2)Nursery construction of base
Different substrates, first layer 3-4 centimetres of fine sand of paving, 2-3 centimetres of second layer paving spike of rice shell, third layer are laid on field 3-4 centimetres of black earth is spread, the 4th layer of 4-5 centimetres of vegetable garden soil of paving, layer 5 1-2 centimetres of pine soil of paving, often spreading one layer of spray concentration is The phosphoric acid hydrogen potassium solution of the urea liquid of 0.1-0.2% and a concentration of 0.2-0.3%, usage amount is respectively 30-40,20-30 milliliters/ Square metre, matrix structure is scientific and reasonable, and nutrition is abundant, and neutron absorption is good, and root growth is again long soon;
(3)Sowing management
The cherry seed dressed seed 4-5 hours is seeded into together with seed dressing on the base of nursery, depth of planting is 4-5 centimetres, Thickness of sowing is every square metre 20-25, and after planting water spray, holding mollic water content are 60-65% in time, keep nursery base Temperature is 25-30 DEG C in ground, gas concentration lwevel 50-60ppm;
(4)It is managed after budding
It treats that cherry seed sends out 3-4 piece true leaves, during 6-8 centimetres of height of seedling, seedling together with root soil is risen out, is rooted out The pine soil of stromal surface thickeies vegetable garden soil to 12-15 centimetres, is then covered with the leaf mould that a thickness is 3-4 centimetres, by seedling weight It is newly transplanted on base, planting density is every square metre 8-10, keeps the natural lighting of 6-8 hours, night supplement people daily Work illumination 1-2 hours, intensity are ordinary incandescent lamp intensity of illumination.
It is further described as to said program, the seed dressing preparation method is:By the lacebark pine of above-mentioned parts by weight Needle, ailanthus altissima leaf, cloves petal, violet petal are mashed and are puddled in rice wine, are added dusty yeast mixing, are fermented at 30-35 DEG C After 2-3 days.
It is further described as to said program, the vegetable garden soil contains well-rotted farmyard manure, and content accounts for 10-12%.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:The present invention obtains that quality is good, and disease resistance is strong by the Screening Treatment to cherry seed, The high processing seed of germination rate, the construction in nursery base are suitble to the sprouting of seed, improve germination percentage, shorten the budding time, After planting management in time ensures that budding is neat, is further managed after budding, improves the speed of growth of seedling and improves seedling development Form, method for culturing seedlings of the invention, seed germination rate reach 99.8%, and seedling percent reaches 100%, are cultivated using the present invention Cherry yield improves 23-25%, and illness rate reduces by 34.6%, and economic well-being of workers and staff improves 31-33%.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific implementation, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cherry method for culturing seedlings, employs the mode of seed seedling-raising, includes the following steps:
(1)Seed treatment
Ripe seed is acquired from the excellent maternal plant for growing strong, high and stable yield, no disease and pests harm, seed is placed in clear water In clean up, remove pulp, screen the seed that is sunk under water, take out the moisture with hot blast drying surface, be conducive to solve Except seed dormancy, seed using seed dressing is dressed seed, there is enhancing seed disease resistance, accelerates germination and shortening seed is sprouted The effect of time is sent out, which is composed of the following raw materials by weight:11 parts of rice wine, 6 parts of lacebark pine needle, 5 parts of ailanthus altissima leaf, fourth 4 parts of fragrant flower valve, 3 parts of violet petal, 1 part of dusty yeast;
(2)Nursery construction of base
Different substrates, first layer 3-4 centimetres of fine sand of paving, 2-3 centimetres of second layer paving spike of rice shell, third layer are laid on field 3-4 centimetres of black earth is spread, the 4th layer of 4-5 centimetres of vegetable garden soil of paving, layer 5 1-2 centimetres of pine soil of paving, often spreading one layer of spray concentration is 0.1% urea liquid and a concentration of 0.2% phosphoric acid hydrogen potassium solution, usage amount are respectively 40,30 milliliters/square metre, matrix knot Structure is scientific and reasonable, and nutrition is abundant, and neutron absorption is good, and root growth is again long soon;
(3)Sowing management
The cherry seed dressed seed 4 hours is seeded into together with seed dressing on the base of nursery, depth of planting is 4-5 centimetres, is broadcast Kind density is 20 every square metre, and after planting water spray, holding mollic water content are 60% in time, keep temperature in the base of nursery It is 25-30 DEG C, gas concentration lwevel 50-60ppm;
(4)It is managed after budding
It treats that cherry seed sends out 3-4 piece true leaves, during 6-8 centimetres of height of seedling, seedling together with root soil is risen out, is rooted out The pine soil of stromal surface thickeies vegetable garden soil to 12-15 centimetres, is then covered with the leaf mould that a thickness is 3-4 centimetres, by seedling weight It is newly transplanted on base, planting density is every square metre 8-10, keeps the natural lighting of 6 hours daily, and night supplement is artificial Illumination 2 hours, intensity are ordinary incandescent lamp intensity of illumination.
It is further described as to said program, the seed dressing preparation method is:By the lacebark pine of above-mentioned parts by weight Needle, ailanthus altissima leaf, cloves petal, violet petal are mashed and are puddled in rice wine, add dusty yeast mixing, ferment 2 at 30-35 DEG C After it.
It is further described as to said program, the vegetable garden soil contains well-rotted farmyard manure, and content accounts for 10%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cherry method for culturing seedlings, employs the mode of seed seedling-raising, includes the following steps:
(1)Seed treatment
Ripe seed is acquired from the excellent maternal plant for growing strong, high and stable yield, no disease and pests harm, seed is placed in clear water In clean up, remove pulp, screen the seed that is sunk under water, take out the moisture with hot blast drying surface, be conducive to solve Except seed dormancy, seed using seed dressing is dressed seed, there is enhancing seed disease resistance, accelerates germination and shortening seed is sprouted The effect of time is sent out, which is composed of the following raw materials by weight:12 parts of rice wine, 7 parts of lacebark pine needle, 6 parts of ailanthus altissima leaf, fourth 5 parts of fragrant flower valve, 4 parts of violet petal, 1.5 parts of dusty yeast;
(2)Nursery construction of base
Different substrates, first layer 3-4 centimetres of fine sand of paving, 2-3 centimetres of second layer paving spike of rice shell, third layer are laid on field 3-4 centimetres of black earth is spread, the 4th layer of 4-5 centimetres of vegetable garden soil of paving, layer 5 1-2 centimetres of pine soil of paving, often spreading one layer of spray concentration is 0.15% urea liquid and a concentration of 0.25% phosphoric acid hydrogen potassium solution, usage amount are respectively 35,25 milliliters/square metre, matrix Scientific and reasonable for structure, nutrition is abundant, and neutron absorption is good, and root growth is again long soon;
(3)Sowing management
The cherry seed dressed seed 4.5 hours is seeded into together with seed dressing on the base of nursery, depth of planting is 4-5 centimetres, Thickness of sowing is 23 every square metre, and after planting water spray, holding mollic water content are 63% in time, keep temperature in the base of nursery It is 25-30 DEG C to spend, gas concentration lwevel 50-60ppm;
(4)It is managed after budding
It treats that cherry seed sends out 3-4 piece true leaves, during 6-8 centimetres of height of seedling, seedling together with root soil is risen out, is rooted out The pine soil of stromal surface thickeies vegetable garden soil to 12-15 centimetres, is then covered with the leaf mould that a thickness is 3-4 centimetres, by seedling weight It is newly transplanted on base, planting density is every square metre 8-10, keeps the natural lighting of 7 hours daily, and night supplement is artificial Illumination 1.5 hours, intensity are ordinary incandescent lamp intensity of illumination.
It is further described as to said program, the seed dressing preparation method is:By the lacebark pine of above-mentioned parts by weight Needle, ailanthus altissima leaf, cloves petal, violet petal are mashed and are puddled in rice wine, add dusty yeast mixing, ferment 2 at 30-35 DEG C After it.
It is further described as to said program, the vegetable garden soil contains well-rotted farmyard manure, and content accounts for 11%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cherry method for culturing seedlings, employs the mode of seed seedling-raising, includes the following steps:
(1)Seed treatment
Ripe seed is acquired from the excellent maternal plant for growing strong, high and stable yield, no disease and pests harm, seed is placed in clear water In clean up, remove pulp, screen the seed that is sunk under water, take out the moisture with hot blast drying surface, be conducive to solve Except seed dormancy, seed using seed dressing is dressed seed, there is enhancing seed disease resistance, accelerates germination and shortening seed is sprouted The effect of time is sent out, which is composed of the following raw materials by weight:13 parts of rice wine, 8 parts of lacebark pine needle, 7 parts of ailanthus altissima leaf, fourth 6 parts of fragrant flower valve, 5 parts of violet petal, 2 parts of dusty yeast;
(2)Nursery construction of base
Different substrates, first layer 3-4 centimetres of fine sand of paving, 2-3 centimetres of second layer paving spike of rice shell, third layer are laid on field 3-4 centimetres of black earth is spread, the 4th layer of 4-5 centimetres of vegetable garden soil of paving, layer 5 1-2 centimetres of pine soil of paving, often spreading one layer of spray concentration is The phosphoric acid hydrogen potassium solution of the urea liquid of 0.1-0.2% and a concentration of 0.2-0.3%, usage amount is respectively 30-40,20-30 milliliters/ Square metre, matrix structure is scientific and reasonable, and nutrition is abundant, and neutron absorption is good, and root growth is again long soon;
(3)Sowing management
The cherry seed dressed seed 5 hours is seeded into together with seed dressing on the base of nursery, depth of planting is 4-5 centimetres, is broadcast Kind density is 25 every square metre, and after planting water spray, holding mollic water content are 60-65% in time, keep temperature in the base of nursery It is 25-30 DEG C to spend, gas concentration lwevel 50-60ppm;
(4)It is managed after budding
It treats that cherry seed sends out 3-4 piece true leaves, during 6-8 centimetres of height of seedling, seedling together with root soil is risen out, is rooted out The pine soil of stromal surface thickeies vegetable garden soil to 12-15 centimetres, is then covered with the leaf mould that a thickness is 3-4 centimetres, by seedling weight It is newly transplanted on base, planting density is every square metre 8-10, keeps the natural lighting of 8 hours daily, and night supplement is artificial Illumination 1 hour, intensity are ordinary incandescent lamp intensity of illumination.
It is further described as to said program, the seed dressing preparation method is:By the lacebark pine of above-mentioned parts by weight Needle, ailanthus altissima leaf, cloves petal, violet petal are mashed and are puddled in rice wine, add dusty yeast mixing, ferment 3 at 30-35 DEG C After it.
It is further described as to said program, the vegetable garden soil contains well-rotted farmyard manure, and content accounts for 10-12%.
Contrast test
Respectively gean kind is cultivated using the method for culturing seedlings and the method for cuttage and seedling culture and graft seedling growth of the present invention Seedling, and cultivate to as a result, educate 100 cherries per tissue culture, every group of logging is as shown in the table:
Project Seedling percent(%) Illness rate(%) Cherry yield improves(%) Economic well-being of workers and staff improves(%)
The present invention 100 2 24.5 32.4
Cottage method 85.7 6 11.2 15.7
Engrafting method 88.6 11 Control Control
By contrast test it was found that:The present invention gives full play of the advantages of seed seedling-raising, and seedling percent exists It is highest among three, illness rate is minimum, and the cherry yield obtained by present invention cultivation improves 24.5%, economy Income improves 32.4%, extends cherry planting technology.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of cherry method for culturing seedlings, which is characterized in that employ the mode of seed seedling-raising, include the following steps:
(1)Seed treatment
Ripe seed is acquired from the excellent maternal plant for growing strong, high and stable yield, no disease and pests harm, seed is placed in clear water clearly Wash clean removes pulp, screens the seed to be sunk under water, takes out the moisture with hot blast drying surface, seed use is mixed Kind agent seed dressing, the seed dressing are composed of the following raw materials by weight:11-13 parts of rice wine, 6-8 parts of lacebark pine needle, ailanthus altissima leaf 5-7 Part, 4-6 parts of cloves petal, 3-5 parts of violet petal, 1-2 parts of dusty yeast;
(2)Nursery construction of base
Different substrates are laid on field, first layer 3-4 centimetres of fine sand of paving, 2-3 centimetres of second layer paving spike of rice shell, third layer paving is black Native 3-4 centimetres, the 4th layer of 4-5 centimetres of vegetable garden soil of paving, layer 5 1-2 centimetres of pine soil of paving, it is 0.1- often to spread one layer of spray concentration The phosphoric acid hydrogen potassium solution of 0.2% urea liquid and a concentration of 0.2-0.3%, usage amount are respectively 30-40,20-30 milliliter/square Rice;
(3)Sowing management
The cherry seed dressed seed 4-5 hours is seeded into together with seed dressing on the base of nursery, depth of planting is 4-5 centimetres, sowing Density is every square metre 20-25, and after planting water spray, holding mollic water content are 60-65% in time, are kept in the base of nursery Temperature is 25-30 DEG C, gas concentration lwevel 50-60ppm;
(4)It is managed after budding
It treats that cherry seed sends out 3-4 piece true leaves, during 6-8 centimetres of height of seedling, seedling together with root soil is risen out, roots out matrix The pine soil on surface thickeies vegetable garden soil to 12-15 centimetres, is then covered with the leaf mould that a thickness is 3-4 centimetres, seedling is moved again It plants onto base, planting density is every square metre 8-10, keeps the natural lighting of 6-8 hours, night supplement artificial light daily According to 1-2 hours, intensity was ordinary incandescent lamp intensity of illumination.
2. a kind of cherry method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the seed dressing preparation method is:It will Lacebark pine needle, ailanthus altissima leaf, cloves petal, the violet petal of above-mentioned parts by weight are mashed and are puddled in rice wine, add dusty yeast Mixing, after fermenting 2-3 days at 30-35 DEG C.
3. a kind of cherry method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the vegetable garden soil contains decomposed farmers' Fertilizer, content account for 10-12%.
CN201611157579.8A 2016-12-15 2016-12-15 A kind of cherry method for culturing seedlings Expired - Fee Related CN106718568B (en)

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