CN106718492B - A method of improving Magnoliaceae tree transplanted survival rate - Google Patents
A method of improving Magnoliaceae tree transplanted survival rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN106718492B CN106718492B CN201611037846.8A CN201611037846A CN106718492B CN 106718492 B CN106718492 B CN 106718492B CN 201611037846 A CN201611037846 A CN 201611037846A CN 106718492 B CN106718492 B CN 106718492B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
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Abstract
The method that the present invention provides a kind of to carry out naked transplanting by expanding Magnoliacea plant fibrous root reserved-range, it is gradually excavated outward, down with tools such as spades along Magnoliacea plant trunk when excavation, it is excavated when digging to lateral root along lateral root extending direction, until first layer lateral root all exposes.Soil extra in lateral root is removed, only retains place soil, and guarantee that the system of fibrous root in lateral root is complete.Have the characteristics that convenient transportation, easy to operate, high survival rate, later period landscape effect are good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to afforestation field, specifically a kind of method for improving Magnoliaceae tree transplanted survival rate.
Background technique
Magnoliacea plant has the characteristics that pattern is gorgeous, the fragrance of a flower is pleasant, answers in the garden landscapes such as garden, park, road
With a lot of.However Magnoliacea plant root system is fleshy root, when transplanting, which is dealt with improperly, is easy to produce root regeneration slow or even rotten etc.
Phenomenon causes Magnoliacea plant tree transplanted survival rate often very low.
Currently, Magnoliacea plant tree transplanted usually improves its survival rate by expanding the modes such as soil ball diameter, it is existing
Technology often uses centered on trunk, is that diameter draws circle with 6-10 times of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, which is soil ball boundary, outside this boundary
Marginal lappet is directly dug down, digs to the 1/2-2/3 depth of round diameter and root system is truncated, obtain plant soil ball, be if soil ball is loosely fallen
Bare-root seeding.But this method is time-consuming and laborious, and hand digging, transport and landed cost are very big, and root regeneration effect is but often not to the utmost
People's will, Magnoliacea plant seedlings later period deadwood rate is larger, and plants landscape effect is poor.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of methods for improving Magnoliaceae tree transplanted survival rate.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
1. selecting seedling
Select the Magnoliacea plant of tree vigo(u)r health, no disease and pests harm.
2. excavating
1) sundries such as surface layer deadwood, fallen leaves, rubble near cleaning Magnoliacea plant rhizome.
2) prior art often uses centered on trunk, is that diameter draws circle with 6-10 times of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, which is soil ball
Boundary is vertically dug down along this boundary outer rim, digs to the 1/2-2/3 depth of round diameter and root system is truncated, obtain plant soil ball, if
Soil ball is loosely fallen then for bare-root seeding.This patent is then gradually to be excavated outward, down with tools such as spades along Magnoliacea plant trunk,
It is excavated when digging to lateral root along lateral root extending direction, until first layer lateral root all exposes.Soil extra in lateral root is removed, is only protected
It stays overnight soil, and guarantees that the system of fibrous root in lateral root is complete.
3) first layer lateral root depth is usually no more than 20-30cm under earth's surface.If Magnoliacea plant is transplanted seedling, first layer side
Root generally digs 0.8-1.8 meters, after all digging out outward along trunk, excavates along other lateral root growth gesture, retains the radicula on root system
And place soil, digging to depth are that main root and other lateral root root system sliding trackles, depth are generally 0.4-1.2 at 3-5 times of the plant diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground
Rice.If Magnoliacea plant is seedling, first layer lateral root generally digs 1.2-2.5 meters, after all digging out outward along trunk, can be direct
By lower part main root and lateral root sliding trackle, depth is generally 0.3-0.5 meters.
4) step (2), in (3) if soil property is sandy soil or grittiness loam, soil ball can be touched when excavating, will be more on root system
Remaining soil removes.If soil property is stickiness loam or cohesive soil, a small amount of water can be poured into, will be removed again after the wetting of bulk soil on root system；
The integrality for protecting the system of fibrous root, obtains Magnoliacea plant bare-root seeding.
3. lifting and transport
Magnoliacea plant root system after excavation can not do wrapping or the direct entrucking of processing, root system bottom and trunk and vehicle is handed over
The place of connecing should be lined with straw pad or other flexible materials, prevent root system and trunk from damaging, and being disposed can transport to transplanting place.
4. trimming
1) branches and leaves are trimmed
Magnoliacea plant is trimmed based on sparse branching, and the plants such as Liriodendron, Michelia chapensis should retain trunk advantage, forbids cutting
Dry, major branch sparse branching can be carried out staggeredly, keep tree crown crown, be wiped out to deadwood, sick branch and extra branch from base portion.General major branch
Sparse branching amount is 1/2-2/3.The Magnoliacea plant for class of falling leaves can all extract its blade in its Growing season, and evergreen class should retain
Its top vane, reserved are the 1/5-1/6 of complete stool leaf amount.
2) root system pruning
It is impaired to Magnoliacea plant or there is the fibrous root of disease to trim, when trimming should quickly, it is accurate, trimming face is smooth,
Tearing root system should all wipe out tearing root system at 1-2cm above tear place, and diameter is more than that the lateral root of 1cm and main root cope with it
Cut surface is trimmed, and trimming face is smooth, smears 500-600 times of liquid of commodity guo guanggen spirit wettable powder.It will after trimming
Nursery stock is placed in place sunning 3-12h ventilative, dry, that wind is small, keeps its root system dry, can extend it when temperature is low and dry the time,
Forbid to be placed at direct sunlight.
5. plant pit is handled
Plant pit shape should refer to root system of plant shape and be excavated or scraped out shallow pot shape, and plant trunk is located at plant pit center,
Its each side outer rim should all be 15-20cm wider than root system of plant range, and depth is than root system height depth 5-10cm.When plant pit surrounding soil is saturating
When aqueous poor, draining blind pipe or gutter are arranged in plant pit bottom.Planting soil should be dried in plant pit, and moisture content is no more than 25%,
Soil block block diameter should be less than 5cm.The planting soil 8-15cm of the fertile soil volume content 20-30% such as filling peat in plant pit bottom.If containing
Water rate is excessive, can transplant after should being dried.
6. plant
Magnoliacea plant seedling root is put into plant pit, trunk is kept to be located at plant pit middle, tree-like logical straight, rhizome height
In planting soil 3-5cm, planting soil is inserted.Planting soil is answered to be consolidated in filling, is especially filled to the root system straggly that diameter is more than 3cm
When, it answers and smashes soil into making gap between root system be covered with soil when filling out.After inserting at root system height 1/3, plantation soil block diameter be should be less than
2cm, planting soil should bury to rhizome and slightly descend position, and be higher than periphery terrain elevation 3-5cm, mill weir be done around trunk, mill weir is straight
Diameter is 4-5 times of 5-6 times of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground or ground diameter, water weir height 8-10cm.
7. support
8. watering
Support on the day of plant or should transplant after carrying out and pour root water in 12h, and watering should irrigate, to have poured mill weir 2h afterwards
Inside still have subject to water.There is sinkage in planting soil in plant pit when such as watering, and planting soil should be continuously added in plant pit, until nothing
Until sedimentation occurs.Watering is the same as routine servicing water later.
A kind of method of raising Magnoliaceae tree transplanted survival rate of the invention, have convenient transportation, it is easy to operate, survive
The features such as rate is high, later period landscape effect is good.Reduce soil ball wrapping process, saves the Strapping Materials cost such as manpower and straw rope；It adopts
Seedling is dug with this method, seedling quality is small, and mechanical requirements needed for digging seedling, transport, transplanting are low, convenient for operation；It is constructed using this method,
Plant percent greatly improves.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that conventional shoveling napiform root system retains part figure；
Fig. 2 is to retain part figure using the method for the present invention root system.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
By this method in spring at 56 plants of Michelia chapensis seedling that the Hangzhou, Zhejiang province city transplanting diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is 20cm, Lechang contains
Soil at digging of laughing is sand loam, using the method for abolishing Soil-in-Root when excavating when excavation, is dug to 25cm, first layer
Lateral root is all dug out, sliding trackle its underpart main root and other lateral roots, and the soil on its root system is knocked out, obtains Michelia chapensis naked
Seedling.Michelia chapensis is transported to transplanting point, it is trimmed, sparse branching amount is 2/3, blade removal 4/5；By other steps of this method
Carry out Planting management.After plant 1 year, Michelia chapensis survives 55, survival rate 98.2%, and the Michelia chapensis deadwood rate survived is
0.The common transplanting survival rate of Michelia chapensis seedling is 60% hereinafter, surviving rear deadwood rate is 30% or more.Significantly using this method
Improve Michelia chapensis survival rate and growth gesture.
Embodiment 2
By this method in autumn at 87 plants of Liriodendron seedling that the Hangzhou, Zhejiang province city transplanting diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is 15cm, Liriodendron is opened
Soil is sand loam at digging, using the method for abolishing Soil-in-Root when excavating when excavation, is dug to its first layer lateral root at 30cm
It all digs out, sliding trackle its underpart main root and other lateral roots, the soil on its root system is knocked out, Liriodendron bare-root seeding is obtained.By goose
Palm Chinese catalpa is transported to transplanting point, trims to it, and sparse branching amount is 2/3, and blade is all extractd；By this method, other steps are transplanted
Management.After plant 1 year, Liriodendron survives 85, and survival rate 97.7%, the Liriodendron deadwood rate survived is within 5%.Liriodendron
The common transplanting survival rate of seedling is 55% hereinafter, surviving rear deadwood rate is 30% or more.The goose palm is substantially increased using this method
Chinese catalpa survival rate and growth gesture.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., is all included in the scope of protection of the present invention within principle.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method for improving Magnoliaceae tree transplanted survival rate, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
1) seedling is selected: the Magnoliacea plant of selection tree vigo(u)r health, no disease and pests harm；
2) it excavates:
A) cleaning Magnoliacea plant rhizome surface layer sundries, including deadwood, fallen leaves, rubble nearby；
B) it is gradually excavated with spade along Magnoliacea plant trunk, is excavated when digging to lateral root along lateral root extending direction outward, down, until
First layer lateral root all exposes, and removes soil extra in lateral root, only retains place soil, and guarantee that the system of fibrous root in lateral root is complete
It is whole；
3) lifting and transport: the Magnoliacea plant root system after excavation does not do wrapping or the direct entrucking of processing, root system bottom and trunk
With straw pad or other flexible materials should be lined at vehicle hand-ing over, prevent root system and trunk from damaging, the i.e. transport that is disposed is to moving
Plant place；
4) it trims:
A) branches and leaves are trimmed: Magnoliacea plant is trimmed based on sparse branching, and Liriodendron, Michelia chapensis plant should retain trunk advantage, is prohibited
Only cutting strunk, major branch sparse branching staggeredly carry out, and keep tree crown crown, wipe out to deadwood, sick branch and extra branch from base portion；
B) root system pruning: it is impaired to Magnoliacea plant or there is the fibrous root of disease to trim, when trimming should quickly, accurate, trimming
Face is smooth, and tearing root system should all wipe out tearing root system at 1-2cm above tear place, and diameter is more than lateral root and the master of 1cm
Root should trim its cut surface, and trimming face is smooth, smear 500-600 times of liquid of commodity guo guanggen spirit wettable powder, trimming
After nursery stock is placed in the small place sunning 3-12h of ventilative, dry, wind, keep its root system dry, its long sunning of temperature low time delay
Time forbids to be placed at direct sunlight；
5) plant pit is handled: plant pit shape should refer to root system of plant shape and be excavated or scraped out shallow pot shape, and plant trunk is located at tree
Cave center, each side outer rim should all be 15-20cm wider than root system of plant range, and depth is than root system height depth 5-10cm, when plant pit week
Enclose soil water permeability it is poor when, arrange draining blind pipe or gutter in plant pit bottom, planting soil should be dried in plant pit, and moisture content is not
More than 25%, soil block block diameter should be less than 5cm, in the planting soil 8-15cm of plant pit bottom filling fertile soil volume content 20-30%, if
Moisture content is excessive, transplants after should being dried；
6) it transplants: Magnoliacea plant seedling root is put into plant pit, trunk is kept to be located at plant pit middle, tree-like logical straight, root
Stem is higher than planting soil 3-5cm, inserts planting soil, and planting soil is answered to be consolidated in filling, is filled to the root system straggly that diameter is more than 3cm
When, it answers and smashes soil into making gap between root system be covered with soil, after inserting at root system height 1/3, plantation soil block diameter be should be less than when filling out
2cm, planting soil should bury to rhizome and slightly descend position, and be higher than periphery terrain elevation 3-5cm, mill weir be done around trunk, mill weir is straight
Diameter is 4-5 times of 5-6 times of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground or ground diameter, water weir height 8-10cm；
7) it supports；
8) water: support on the day of plant or should transplant after carrying out and pour root water in 12h, and watering should irrigate, to have poured water afterwards
Still have subject to water in the 2h of weir, if sinkage occurs in planting soil in plant pit when watering, planting soil should be continuously added in plant pit,
Until occurring without sedimentation, watering is the same as routine servicing water later.
2. a kind of method for improving Magnoliaceae tree transplanted survival rate as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the when excavation
One layer of lateral root depth is no more than 20-30cm under earth's surface, and if Magnoliacea plant is transplanted seedling, first layer lateral root is dug outward along trunk
It 0.8-1.8 meters, after all digging out, is excavated along other lateral root growth gesture, retains the radicula and place soil on root system, digging to depth is to plant
By main root and other lateral root root system sliding trackles at 3-5 times of the object diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, depth is 0.4-1.2 meters, if Magnoliacea plant is seedling,
First layer lateral root digs 1.2-2.5 meters, after all digging out along trunk outward, is directly by lower part main root and lateral root sliding trackle, depth
0.3-0.5 meters.
3. a kind of method for improving Magnoliaceae tree transplanted survival rate as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that when excavation such as
Soil property is sandy soil or grittiness loam, touches soil ball when excavating, soil extra on root system is removed, if soil property is stickiness loam
Or cohesive soil, a small amount of water is poured into, will be removed again after the wetting of bulk soil on root system；The integrality for protecting the system of fibrous root, obtains Magnoliaceae
Plant bare-root seeding.
4. a kind of method for improving Magnoliaceae tree transplanted survival rate as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that branches and leaves trimming
When major branch sparse branching amount be 1/2-2/3, the Magnoliacea plant of class of falling leaves all extracts its blade in its Growing season, and evergreen class is answered
Retain its top vane, reserved is the 1/5-1/6 of complete stool leaf amount.
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| CN107439334A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2017-12-08 | 浙江森禾种业股份有限公司 | A kind of implantation method of summer high temperature Flos micheliae Albae |
| CN107750885A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-06 | 深圳文科园林股份有限公司 | The improved technology scheme that a kind of plant soil ball is fixed |
| CN109566230A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-05 | 华艺生态园林股份有限公司 | A method of improving landscape Liriodendron chinense transplanting success |
| CN110249957A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-09-20 | 华艺生态园林股份有限公司 | A kind of trees complete crown transplantation method |
| CN111011155A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-17 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | Special compound soil for magnolia denudata and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113575255A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-11-02 | 岭南生态文旅股份有限公司 | Method for planting and flowering phase management of white orchids |
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| CN104067902A (en) * | 2014-06-28 | 2014-10-01 | 崔涵宇 | Method for enhancing transplanting survival rate of trees |
| CN105325259A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2016-02-17 | 广西深根园林工程有限公司 | Transplanting method for large trees |
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