CN106717965B - Method for cultivating mildew-proof moso bamboo - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating mildew-proof moso bamboos, which comprises the following steps: soil selection, land preparation, soil fertilization and mildew prevention treatment, mildew prevention cultivation of bamboo shoots and young bamboos, mildew prevention cultivation of grown bamboos and hanging, dripping and mildew prevention of the grown bamboos. The method adopts a soil-bamboo shoot-young bamboo-finished bamboo combined mildew-proof method to cultivate the live mao bamboo, the outdoor use period of the prepared mildew-proof mao bamboo is prolonged by more than 10 years compared with the existing mildew-proof bamboo product, and the long-acting mildew prevention of the bamboo is realized.

Description

Method for cultivating mildew-proof moso bamboo

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of bamboo cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for cultivating mildew-proof moso bamboos.

Background

The area of bamboo forest and the yield of bamboo wood in China are at the top of the world, the bamboo forest is the largest export country of bamboo products in the world, and the bamboo products are widely applied to the fields of buildings, decorations, furniture and the like. However, bamboo is easy to mildew, and the surfaces of mildewed bamboo products are seriously polluted, brown or black and difficult to completely remove, so that the bamboo products lose use values, and great economic, social and environmental benefit losses are caused. At present, the mildew problem of bamboo is solved by adopting a method for treating the bamboo by using a mildew preventive at home and abroad, the treated object is the cut bamboo which is dead bamboo, although the mildew preventive has good mildew preventive effect, the bamboo mildew preventive is easy to lose, and the long-acting mildew preventive effect is difficult to achieve.

At present, biomineralization phenomena widely exist in the plant world, namely biominerals such as silicon oxide and calcium carbonate are widely distributed on or in cell walls of plants, wherein silicon is used as a nutrient element and plays an important role in the growth and performance of the plants. Bamboo is used as a green biological material in the plant world, and has an obvious biomineralization phenomenon. Research reports show that Si has obvious inhibiting effect on rice blight, brown spot and the like, and also has obvious inhibiting effect on mould. Therefore, if certain measures are adopted to increase the content of Si in the growth process of the bamboo, the retention rate of Si on or in cell walls can be increased, and the Si and the bamboo cell walls can be firmly combined without loss, so that the mildew resistance of the bamboo is increased, and the long-acting mildew prevention of the bamboo can be realized. The method thoroughly changes the appearance of the traditional mildew-proof bamboo material taking the dead bamboo material after felling as the object, creates a new method for the mildew-proof treatment of the live bamboo material, and leads the mildew-proof of the bamboo material to enter a new field taking the live bamboo material as the object.

However, if the existing bamboo mildew preventive is used for mildew prevention treatment of live bamboo, a series of adverse effects are generated, and the mildew prevention treatment of the bamboo cannot be realized: firstly, because the existing bamboo wood mildew preventive is a chemical agent synthesized by a chemical method, and is acidic or alkaline, the bamboo wood mildew preventive is used for treating live bamboo, the growth conditions of the bamboo wood are inevitably damaged, and the live bamboo wood cannot grow or even die; and secondly, because the bamboo mildew preventive is not a nutrient substance of the bamboo, the bamboo mildew preventive is difficult to absorb by the bamboo in the growth process of the bamboo, cannot be firmly combined with the cell wall of the bamboo, is very easy to lose, and cannot achieve the mildew-proof effect of the bamboo. Therefore, only by developing bamboo nutrient solution with mildew-proof function, the nutrient solution is absorbed by the bamboo in the growth process of the bamboo and is firmly combined with the cell wall of the bamboo, so that the loss is avoided, the mildew-proof cultivation of the live bamboo can be realized, and the long-acting mildew prevention of the bamboo is realized.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems that the existing bamboo mildew-proof treatment takes cut and dead bamboo as an object, the mildew-proof agent is easy to lose and has poor long-acting property and the like after the mildew-proof treatment, the novel bamboo mildew-proof treatment method takes live moso bamboo as a mildew-proof treatment object is provided.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a method for cultivating mildew-proof moso bamboos comprises the following steps:

(1) soil selection

Selecting sandy soil of a flat ground, wherein the soil is slightly acidic or neutral;

(2) land preparation

(3) Soil fertilization and mildew-proof treatment

When the soil is deeply ploughed, after the compound organic fertilizer is applied, a silicon nutrient solution with a mildew-proof effect is added into the soil, and after the compound organic fertilizer is applied, the soil is ploughed into the soil and is uniformly mixed with the soil;

(4) mildew-proof cultivation of bamboo shoots and young bamboos

Planting bamboo seedlings or bamboo rhizomes with buds into soil, and applying the silicon nutrient solution with the mildew-proof effect for multiple times by adopting a plant-cave or furrow application method;

(5) mildew-proof cultivation of grown bamboo

Applying silicon nutrient solution in autumn every year in the growth process of the adult bamboo by adopting a plant cave or furrow application method;

(6) bamboo hanging drip-injection mould-proof

Hanging a bottle filled with silicon nutrient solution at the internode of every 0.5-1.0 meter for drip-irrigation and mildew prevention.

20-30% of nano SiO is used for mildew prevention in the steps (3), (4) and (5)₂The sol can also be 20-30% sodium silicate or ethyl orthosilicate.

The pH value of the soil in the step (1) is preferably 4.5-7.0.

The soil fertilization in the step (3) is as follows: applying the compound organic fertilizer, wherein 60-100kg of compound organic fertilizer is applied to each mu of land, the proportion of nitrogen in the organic fertilizer is 3-8kg, the proportion of phosphorus is 1-2kg, and the proportion of potassium is 1-3 kg.

The applying amount of the silicon nutrient solution in the step (3) and the step (5) is preferably 5-15kg per mu of land.

The application of the silicon nutrient solution in the step (3) and the step (4) is as follows:

within 40-120 days of the first year, the silicon absorption amount of the bamboo in the growth process in the period is required to be increased, which is the most critical link, and the silicon nutrient solution can be applied for 5-10 times according to 5-15kg per mu of land;

applying the silicon nutrient solution once according to 5-15kg per mu of land during 1-3 months in the second year;

applying the silicon nutrient solution once more during 6-9 months of the next year, wherein the application amount of the silicon nutrient solution is 50-70% of the application amount in 1-3 months.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the method adopts a soil-bamboo shoot-young bamboo-finished bamboo combined mildew-proof method to cultivate the live mao bamboo, the outdoor use period of the prepared mildew-proof mao bamboo is prolonged by more than 10 years compared with the existing mildew-proof bamboo product, and the long-acting mildew prevention of the bamboo is realized.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the present invention, the present invention will now be described by way of examples. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as specifically limiting the present invention.

Unless otherwise specified, various starting materials of the present invention are commercially available; or prepared according to conventional methods in the art. Unless defined or indicated otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In addition, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the methods of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

A method for cultivating mildew-proof moso bamboos adopts a soil-bamboo shoot-young bamboo-grown bamboo combined mildew-proof method, and comprises the following specific steps:

(1) soil selection

Selecting the middle and lower parts of a valley terrace, a hillside gentle slope, a foot gentle slope, a pit, a low hillside or a waste flat land, and selecting fertile, deep, loose and moist sandy soil with good drainage and air permeability, wherein the soil layer depth reaches 50-100cm, the soil is slightly acidic or neutral, and the pH value is between 4.5 and 7.0.

(2) Land preparation

Splitting the mountain, splitting off shrubs, weeding out weeds, and digging out the roots of the couch grass; and deeply ploughing the soil to a depth of 15-50cm, and simultaneously removing stones, skimmia japonica and other wastes which hinder the growth of bamboo rhizomes so as to ensure that the bamboo achieves good growth environmental conditions. In the subsequent growth process of the bamboo, mountain splitting and weeding are carried out once a year, and if the bamboo stand degree of the bamboo forest is large, weeds and shrubs in the forest are rare, and mountain splitting and weeding can be carried out at intervals.

(3) Soil fertilization and mildew-proof treatment

When deeply ploughing soil, firstly, applying a compound organic fertilizer, ploughing the compound organic fertilizer into the soil, uniformly stirring the compound organic fertilizer and the soil, and applying 60-100kg of the compound organic fertilizer per mu of land, wherein the proportion of nitrogen in the organic fertilizer is 3-8kg, the proportion of phosphorus is 1-2kg, and the proportion of potassium is 1-3 kg; secondly, adding different types of silicon nutrient solution with mildew-proof function, such as 20-30% concentration nano SiO2 sol (or sodium silicate or ethyl orthosilicate) and the like into the soil, wherein the application amount is 5-15kg per mu of land, ploughing into the soil after application, and uniformly mixing with the soil.

(4) Mildew-proof cultivation of bamboo shoots and young bamboos

Planting bamboo seedling or bamboo rhizome with buds into soil with bud opening facing upwards. The bamboo generally grows to the height of grown bamboo within 40-120 days, and the diameter of the bamboo does not change after the growth of the bamboo is finished, so that the cultivation of the bamboo shoot-young bamboo growth stage is the core of the growth of the bamboo, and the increase of the silicon absorption amount of the bamboo in the growth process in the period is the most critical link. Therefore, the stage needs to pay special attention to the reinforcement of water application and fertilizer application and increase the force of applying the silicon nutrient solution. Respectively applying water, a compound organic fertilizer and 20-30% nano SiO2 sol (or sodium silicate or tetraethoxysilane) once in the period of 1-3 months in the next year, wherein the application amount is the same as that in the step (3); is applied once more during 6-9 months, and the application amount is 50-70% of the application amount applied in 1-3 months. The application method adopts plant hole or furrow application method. During the growth period of the bamboo shoots and young bamboos, people and animals are prohibited from entering the bamboo forest to prevent damage to the bamboo shoots and young bamboos.

(5) Mildew-proof cultivation of grown bamboo

In the growing process of the finished bamboo, different types of silicon nutrient solutions such as water, a compound organic fertilizer, nano SiO2 sol (or sodium silicate or ethyl orthosilicate) with the concentration of 20-30% are applied in autumn every year, the application amount is the same as that in the step (3), and the application method adopts plant-hole or ditch application.

(6) Bamboo hanging drip-injection mould-proof

Hanging a bottle filled with silicon nutrient solution on the vertical bamboo every 0.5-1.0 m internode, wherein the bottle is similar to a hospital infusion bottle, and slowly applying the silicon nutrient solution to the bamboo internodes by an infusion-like drip method until the previous year of bamboo lumber production.

Claims (1)

1. The method for cultivating the mildew-proof moso bamboo is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) soil selection

Selecting sandy soil of a flat ground, wherein the soil is slightly acidic or neutral;

(2) land preparation

(3) Soil fertilization and mildew-proof treatment

When the soil is deeply ploughed, after the compound organic fertilizer is applied, a silicon nutrient solution with a mildew-proof effect is added into the soil, and after the compound organic fertilizer is applied, the soil is ploughed into the soil and is uniformly mixed with the soil;

(4) mildew-proof cultivation of bamboo shoots and young bamboos

Planting bamboo seedlings or bamboo rhizomes with buds into soil, and applying the silicon nutrient solution with the mildew-proof effect for multiple times by adopting a plant-cave or furrow application method;

(5) mildew-proof cultivation of grown bamboo

Applying silicon nutrient solution in autumn every year in the growth process of the adult bamboo by adopting a plant cave or furrow application method;

(6) bamboo hanging drip-injection mould-proof

Hanging a bottle filled with silicon nutrient solution at the internode of every 0.5-1.0 meter for drip-injection mould prevention;

20-30% of nano SiO is used for preventing mildew in the steps (3), (4) and (5)₂Sol;

the pH value of the soil in the step (1) is between 4.5 and 7.0;

the soil fertilization in the step (3) is as follows: applying a compound organic fertilizer, wherein 60-100kg of compound organic fertilizer is applied to each mu of land, the proportion of nitrogen in the organic fertilizer is 3-8kg, the proportion of phosphorus is 1-2kg, and the proportion of potassium is 1-3 kg;

the application amount of the silicon nutrient solution in the step (3) and the step (5) is 5-15kg per mu of land;

the application of the silicon nutrient solution in the step (3) and the step (4) is as follows:

applying the silicon nutrient solution 5-10 times according to 5-15kg per mu of land within 40-120 days of the first year;

applying the silicon nutrient solution once according to 5-15kg per mu of land during 1-3 months in the second year;

applying the silicon nutrient solution once more during 6-9 months of the next year, wherein the application amount of the silicon nutrient solution is 50-70% of the application amount in 1-3 months.