CN106702723B - 织物定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶及其制备方法 - Google Patents

织物定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106702723B
CN106702723B CN201710007565.6A CN201710007565A CN106702723B CN 106702723 B CN106702723 B CN 106702723B CN 201710007565 A CN201710007565 A CN 201710007565A CN 106702723 B CN106702723 B CN 106702723B
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杨文堂
陶中华
杨青
仇凯
倪成涛
周明
赵向君
孙海娥
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Liaoning Sunichem Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明织物定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶及其制备方法,由聚乙二醇,二羟甲基丙酸或二羟甲基丁酸,1,4‑丁二醇,二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯,甲苯,二月桂酸二丁基锡,丙酮肟或甲乙酮肟,硅酸乙酯,纳米碳酸钙制得的A亲水性聚氨酯树脂,与由聚四氢呋喃二醇,1,4‑丁二醇,4,4‑二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,甲苯,丙酮肟或甲乙酮肟,硅酸乙酯,气相二氧化硅制得的B拒水性聚氨酯树脂,按A׃B=50~100׃30~60混合均匀得产品。

Description

织物定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及的是一种织物定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶及其制备方法,本织物定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶是由亲水性聚氨酯树脂和拒水性聚氨酯树脂组合而成,适用于涤纶化纤织物的涂层整理。
使用时在织物表面进行涂层,涂层经烘干后在织物表面上形成膜,涂层膜的底面为亲水聚氨酯树脂,涂层膜的表面为拒水性聚氨酯树脂,涂层表面的拒水聚氨酯树脂形成了一道拒水屏障,从而形成单一方向导湿功能,即湿气从亲水方向向拒水方向导出,并且不可逆。
背景技术
目前织物的防水、透湿涂层,有两种透湿方式,一种是导湿性透湿,例如CN101864671A公开的“一种纺织品用防水透湿聚氨酯涂料及制备方法”,采用二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯、聚醚二元醇(分子量2000)、线性双羟烷基硅氧烷(分子量1000)、聚酯二元醇(分子量2000)、三羟甲基丙烷、扩链剂、封闭剂、二月桂酸二丁基锡、溶剂,经预聚反应、扩链反应、封闭反应工艺制成的聚氨酯树脂,该种导湿性透湿涂层胶,是由亲水聚醚和拒水聚酯为软性链段合成的聚氨酯树脂,在这种聚氨酯树脂中既有亲水链段也有拒水链段,形成致密的聚氨酯树脂膜,这种聚氨酯树脂膜的亲水链段吸附人体的汗气通过内部大于外部的压力,把湿气一点一点导出,因为该种聚氨酯树脂的透湿膜致密,所以,静水压较高,但透湿量较低,静水压200kPa,透湿3500g/(m2•24h)
另一种是微孔透湿。例如《产业用纺织品》杂志 2012年02期发表的“高透湿高耐水压织物涂层剂的复配及工艺条件分析”,提出了用TPU、DMF、制孔剂正辛醇、匀泡剂(L-580)制成PU涂层剂,采用湿法工艺,制得透湿量为8103 g/(m2·24h)、耐水压为28.4 kPa的涂层织物。用该PU涂层剂涂于织物后,浸入DMF水溶液中,由DMF和水的双向扩散形成微孔,由于形成的微孔膜中残留正辛醇和匀泡剂(L-580),匀泡剂是表面活性剂,是水溶性物质,必然影响水压,该种涂层尽管透湿量很高,但静水压很低。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种透湿和静水压性能好的织物定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶及其制备方法。
本发明由两部分组成:一种是亲水性聚氨酯树脂,另一种是拒水性聚氨酯树脂,二者混合组合而成织物定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶。
该涂层胶涂于织物上,在预烘过程中,甲苯挥发带动拒水性聚氨酯树脂向表面运动,推动亲水性聚氨酯树脂向底部运动,形成膜的底面亲水,表面拒水的结构,从而使涂层具有定向单向导湿功能。
本发明织物定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶制备方法:
A亲水性聚氨酯树脂的制备
原料按质量配比:
聚乙二醇(数均分子质量2000) 60~120份;
聚乙二醇(数均分子质量1000) 50~100份;
二羟甲基丙酸或二羟甲基丁酸 3~6份;
1,4-丁二醇 6~17份;
二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(H12MDI) 56~130份;
甲苯 260~590份;
二月桂酸二丁基锡 0.1~0.5份;
丙酮肟或甲乙酮肟 8~14份;
纳米碳酸钙 3.0~6.0份;
硅酸乙酯 6~10份;
制备方法:
(1)预聚反应:把聚乙二醇(数均分子质量2000)60~120份,聚乙二醇(数均分子质量1000)50~100份,二羟甲基丙酸或二羟甲基丁酸3~6份,1,4-丁二醇6~17份,二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(H12MDI)56~130份,甲苯208~472份,二月桂酸二丁基锡0.1~0.5份 ,加到反应釜中,升温致75~85℃,在75~85℃反应4.5~5.5小时后;
(2)加成反应: 加丙酮肟或甲乙酮肟8~14份,在75~85℃反应2.5~3.5小时;
(3)降温到20~40℃,加入甲苯52~118份、硅酸乙酯6~10份,搅匀后,加纳米碳酸钙3.0~6.0份,在20~40℃搅拌30~40分钟后,过滤放料,得A亲水性聚氨酯树脂。
拒水性聚氨酯树脂的制备
原料按质量配比:
聚四氢呋喃二醇(数均分子质量2000) 60~100份;
聚四氢呋喃二醇(数均分子质量1000) 50~100份;
1,4-丁二醇 10~20份;
4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯 60~120份;
甲苯 260~570份;
丙酮肟或甲乙酮肟 7~13份;
气相二氧化硅 7.5~15份;
硅酸乙酯 6~12份;
制备方法:
(1)预聚反应:把聚四氢呋喃二醇(数均分子质量2000)60~100份,聚四氢呋喃二醇(数均分子质量1000)50~100份,1,4-丁二醇10~20份,4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯60~120份,甲苯208~456份,加到反应釜中,升温到75~85℃,在75~85℃反应4.5~5.5小时后;
(2)加成反应:加丙酮肟或甲乙酮肟7~13份,在75~85℃反应2.5~3.5小时后;
(3)降温到20~40℃,加甲苯52~114份、硅酸乙酯6~12份,搅匀后,加气相二氧化硅7.5~15份,在20~40℃搅拌30~40分钟后,过滤放料,得B拒水性聚氨酯树脂。
按质量配比,A亲水性聚氨酯树脂 ׃ B拒水性聚氨酯树脂 = 50~100 ׃ 30~60混合均匀,得织物定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶。
本发明织物定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶,是一种亲水性聚氨酯树脂和拒水性聚氨酯树脂混合而成的定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶,涂于织物上在100℃预烘过程中,甲苯挥发,带动极性相似的拒水性聚氨酯树脂向表面移动,而推动极性强的亲水性聚氨酯树脂向底部移动,形成底面亲水,表面拒水的结构,随着烘干温度的进一步升高三乙胺挥发,碳酸钙释放二氧化碳,从里往外形成微孔结构,温度进一步升高到160~170℃,丙酮肟或甲乙酮肟释放出来,并且游离出来的-NCO基团与聚氨酯树脂结构中的活泼氢,即亲水基团(-OH、-COOH)反应形成交联拒水微孔结构,微孔的孔径小于3μm,因为最小的水珠粒径是100μm,气态水的粒径是0.0004μm,这样气态水很容易通过微孔导出。
另外,-NCO基团与聚氨酯树脂结构中的活泼氢,即亲水基团(-OH、-COOH)反应形成的交联拒水结构,增强了膜的拒水性及强度,提高了耐湿热老化性能,并且耐汗液。
本发明涂层底面亲水聚氨酯树脂的亲水链段-(-CH2CH2-)n,捕捉吸收人体的汗湿汽体通过微孔很快导出织物外,而涂层表面的拒水聚氨酯树脂膜形成拒水屏障,阻止外部水分进入,即避免了外部雨水的进入,起到了定向式吸湿排汗作用,即定向式导湿作用。
本发明涂层具有定向式导湿(微孔)结构,透湿量大,透湿量可达8000g/(m2•24h)以上,还由于-NCO基团与聚氨酯树脂结构中的活泼氢,即亲水基团(-OH、-COOH)反应在涂层中形成交联结构,在涂层表面形成的拒水聚氨酯树脂屏障,静水压大于200kPa,加之气相二氧化硅的补强作用,使涂层具有优异的耐湿热老化性能,及耐汗液性能。
具体实施方式
实施例1
A1亲水性聚氨酯树脂的制备:
(1)预聚反应:把聚乙二醇(数均分子质量2000)100份,聚乙二醇(数均分子质量1000)60份 ,二羟甲基丙酸3.0份,1,4-丁二醇7份,二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(H12MDI)66.1份,甲苯280份,二月桂酸二丁基锡0.1份,加到反应釜中,升温到80℃,在80℃反应5.5小时后;
(2)加成反应:加甲乙酮肟8.8份,在80℃反应3小时后;
(3)降温到30℃,加甲苯70份、硅酸乙酯6份,搅匀后,加纳米碳酸钙4份,在30℃搅拌30分钟后,过滤放料,得A亲水性聚氨酯树脂。
实施例2
A2亲水性聚氨酯树脂的制备:
(1) 预聚反应:把聚乙二醇(数均分子质量2000)120份,聚乙二醇(数均分子质量1000)80份 ,二羟甲基丁酸6.0份,1,4-丁二醇14份,二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(H12MDI)106.9份,甲苯380份,二月桂酸二丁基锡0.3份,加到反应釜中,升温到82℃,在82℃反应5.0小时后;
(2) 加成反应:加丙酮肟11.9份,在82℃反应2.6小时后;
(3)降温到35℃,加甲苯95份、硅酸乙酯8份,搅匀后,加纳米碳酸钙5份,在35℃搅拌35分钟后,过滤放料,得A2亲水性聚氨酯树脂。
实施例3
A3亲水性聚氨酯树脂的制备:
(1) 预聚反应:把聚乙二醇(数均分子质量2000)80份,聚乙二醇(数均分子质量1000)80份 ,二羟甲基丙酸4份,1,4-丁二醇13.3份,二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(H12MDI)93.6份,甲苯320份,二月桂酸二丁基锡0.16份 ,加到反应釜中,升温到84℃,在84℃反应4.5小时后;
(2) 加成反应:加甲乙酮肟12.4份,在84℃反应2.5小时后;
(3)降温到26℃,加甲苯80份、硅酸乙酯7份,搅匀后,加纳米碳酸钙3.6份,在26℃搅拌33分钟后,过滤放料,得A3亲水性聚氨酯树脂。
实施例4
A4亲水性聚氨酯树脂的制备:
(1) 预聚反应:把聚乙二醇(数均分子质量2000)120份,聚乙二醇(数均分子质量1000)80份,二羟甲基丙酸6份,1,4-丁二醇15.9份,二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(H12MDI)113.9份,甲苯400份,二月桂酸二丁基锡0. 5份 ,加到反应釜中,升温到81℃,在81℃反应5.5小时后;
(2) 加成反应:加丙酮肟12.7份,在81℃反应3.5小时后;
(3)降温到28℃,加甲苯100份、硅酸乙酯9份,搅匀后,加纳米碳酸钙5份,在28℃搅拌35分钟后,过滤放料,得A4亲水性聚氨酯树脂。
实施例5
A5亲水性聚氨酯树脂的制备:
(1) 预聚反应:把聚乙二醇(数均分子质量2000)110份,聚乙二醇(数均分子质量1000)100份,二羟甲基丁酸6份,1,4-丁二醇17份,二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(H12MDI)122.1份,甲苯424份,二月桂酸二丁基锡0.5份 ,加到反应釜中,升温到80℃,在80℃反应5.5小时后;
(2) 加成反应:加丙酮肟13.6份,在80℃反应3.5小时后;
(3)降温到30℃,加甲苯106份、硅酸乙酯10份,搅匀后,加纳米碳酸钙6份,在30℃搅拌40分钟后,过滤放料,得A5亲水性聚氨酯树脂。
实施例6
B1拒水性聚氨酯树脂制备:
(1) 预聚反应:把聚四氢呋喃二醇(数均分子质量2000)100份,聚四氢呋喃二醇(数均分子质量1000)80份,1,4-丁二醇18份,4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯100.5份,甲苯360份,加到反应釜中,升温到76℃,在76℃反应5.5小时后;
(2) 加成反应:加丙酮肟12.6份,在76℃反应3.5小时后;
(3)降温到40℃,加甲苯90份、硅酸乙酯9份,搅匀后,加气相二氧化硅12.5份,在40℃搅拌40分钟后,过滤放料,得B1拒水性聚氨酯树脂。
实施例7
B2拒水性聚氨酯树脂制备:
(1) 预聚反应:把聚四氢呋喃二醇(数均分子质量2000)90份,聚四氢呋喃二醇(数均分子质量1000)60份,1,4-丁二醇10份,4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯65.0份,甲苯268份,加到反应釜中,升温到78℃,在78℃反应5.5小时后;
(2) 加成反应:加甲乙酮肟9.1份,在78℃反应3.0小时后;
(3)降温到36℃,加甲苯67份、硅酸乙酯6份,搅匀后,加气相二氧化硅9.5份,在36℃搅拌36分钟后,过滤放料,得B2拒水性聚氨酯树脂。
实施例8
B3拒水性聚氨酯树脂制备:
(1) 预聚反应:把聚四氢呋喃二醇(数均分子质量2000)60份,聚四氢呋喃二醇(数均分子质量1000)100份,1,4-丁二醇13份,4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯82.6份,甲苯304份,加到反应釜中,升温到80℃,在80℃反应5.0小时后;
(2) 加成反应:加丙酮肟9.8份,在80℃反应3.0小时后;
(3)降温到34℃,加甲苯76份、硅酸乙酯8份,搅匀后,加气相二氧化硅10.5份,在34℃搅拌34分钟后,过滤放料,得B3拒水性聚氨酯树脂。
实施例9
B4拒水性聚氨酯树脂制备:
(1) 预聚反应:把聚四氢呋喃二醇(数均分子质量2000)80份,聚四氢呋喃二醇(数均分子质量1000)80份,1,4-丁二醇12份,4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯76份,甲苯296份,加到反应釜中,升温到82℃,在82℃反应5.0小时后;
(2) 加成反应:加丙酮肟8.9份,在82℃反应3.0小时后;
(3)降温到34℃,加甲苯74份、硅酸乙酯7份,搅匀后,加气相二氧化硅9.9份,在34℃搅拌32分钟后,过滤放料,得B4拒水性聚氨酯树脂。
实施例10
B5拒水性聚氨酯树脂制备:
(1) 预聚反应:把聚四氢呋喃二醇(数均分子质量2000)90份,聚四氢呋喃二醇(数均分子质量1000)60份,1,4-丁二醇11份,4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯68.2份,甲苯276份,加到反应釜中,升温到84℃,在84℃反应4.5小时后;
(2) 加成反应:加甲乙酮肟9.5份,在84℃反应 2.5小时后;
(3)降温到32℃,加甲苯69份、硅酸乙酯6份,搅匀后,加气相二氧化硅9份,在32℃搅拌40分钟后,过滤放料,得B5拒水性聚氨酯树脂。
按A亲水性聚氨酯树脂 ׃ B拒水性聚氨酯树脂 = 50~100 ׃ 30~60混合均匀,得织物定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶。
上述实施例原料按质量配比。
试验例
试验例1
A1亲水性聚氨酯树脂 100份
B1拒水性聚氨酯树脂 50份
混合均匀得织物定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶。
试验例2
A2亲水性聚氨酯树脂 60份
B2拒水性聚氨酯树脂 60份
混合均匀得织物定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶。
试验例3
A3亲水性聚氨酯树脂 80份
B3拒水性聚氨酯树脂 40份
混合均匀得织物定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶。
试验例4
A4亲水性聚氨酯树脂 100份
B4拒水性聚氨酯树脂 50份
混合均匀得织物定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶。
试验例5
A5亲水性聚氨酯树脂 50份
B5拒水性聚氨酯树脂 30份
混合均匀得织物定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶。
试验例6
A1亲水性聚氨酯树脂 100份
B5拒水性聚氨酯树脂 60份
混合均匀得织物定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶。
试验例7
A2亲水性聚氨酯树脂 80份
B4拒水性聚氨酯树脂 40份
混合均匀得织物定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶。
上述试验例原料按质量配比。
应用试验检测
分别用试验例1-7得到的织物定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶,对基布进行涂层整理。
基布:进行了防水整理和压光整理的涤纶织物:190T涤丝纺。
涂层整理:用涂层机涂层,上胶量:120g/m2,预烘100℃,1.5min,焙烘170℃,1.5min。
分别取布样,进行性能检测,检测结果列入下表。
透湿量检测:GB/T 12704.2-2009 纺织品 织物透湿性试验方法。
静水压检测:GB/T 4744-2013 纺织品 防水性能的检测和评价静水压法。

Claims (2)

1.织物定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶制备方法,其特征是:
A亲水性聚氨酯树脂的制备
原料按质量配比:
(1)预聚反应:把数均分子质量2000的聚乙二醇60~120份,数均分子质量1000的聚乙二醇50~100份,二羟甲基丙酸或二羟甲基丁酸3~6份,1,4-丁二醇6~17份,二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯56~130份,甲苯208~472份,二月桂酸二丁基锡0.1~0.5份 ,加到反应釜中,升温至75~85℃,在75~85℃反应4.5~5.5小时后;
(2)加成反应: 加丙酮肟或甲乙酮肟8~14份,在75~85℃反应2.5~3.5小时;
(3)降温到20~40℃,加入甲苯52~118份、硅酸乙酯6~10份,搅匀后,加纳米碳酸钙3.0~6.0份,在20~40℃搅拌30~40分钟后,过滤放料,得A亲水性聚氨酯树脂;
B拒水性聚氨酯树脂的制备
原料按质量配比:
(1)预聚反应:把数均分子质量2000的聚四氢呋喃二醇60~100份,数均分子质量1000的聚四氢呋喃二醇50~100份,1,4-丁二醇10~20份,4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯60~120份,甲苯208~456份,加到反应釜中,升温到75~85℃,在75~85℃反应4.5~5.5小时后;
(2)加成反应:加丙酮肟或甲乙酮肟7~13份,在75~85℃反应2.5~3.5小时后;
(3)降温到20~40℃,加甲苯52~114份、硅酸乙酯6~12份,搅匀后,加气相二氧化硅7.5~15份,在20~40℃搅拌30~40分钟后,过滤放料,得B拒水性聚氨酯树脂;
按质量配比,A亲水性聚氨酯树脂 ׃ B拒水性聚氨酯树脂 = 50~100 ׃ 30~60混合均匀,得织物定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶。
2.如权利要求1制备方法得到的织物定向导湿聚氨酯树脂涂层胶。
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