CN106692887A - 一种治疗急性黄疸性肝炎的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗急性黄疸性肝炎的药物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗急性黄疸性肝炎的药物及其制备方法,其主要是由龙胆、半夏、连翘、柴胡、郁金、金钱草、夏枯草、茯苓、茵陈蒿、神曲、莱菔子、薄荷、麝香、槟榔、板蓝根、白花蛇舌草、金银花、鸡内金、青皮、甘草、泽兰、山茱萸按一定重量配比制备而成,本发明药物具有泻肝实火,行气解随,凉血破瘀,清肝散结,清热利湿的功能,用于治疗急性黄疸性肝炎见效快、疗效好,不复发。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗急性黄疸性肝炎的药物及其制备方法,属中药领域。
背景技术
急性黄疸性肝炎是急性病毒性肝炎的一种,临床表现为起病急,食欲减退,厌油,乏力,上腹部不适,肝区隐痛,恶心,呕吐,部分病人畏寒发热,继而尿色加深,巩膜、皮肤等出现黄疸。由于西药治疗副作用大,因此人们对有效治疗急性黄疸性肝炎的中药药物存在极大的需求,至今为止,还没有发现关于本发明的有关报道。
发明内容
本发明人依据中医理论的研究和临床试验的反复验证,终于找到了有效治疗急性黄疸性肝炎的药物,从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种有效治疗急性黄疸性肝炎的中药组合药物。
本发明的另一目的就是提供了该中药组合药物的制备方法。
本发明药物是选择龙胆、半夏、连翘、柴胡、郁金、金钱草、夏枯草、茯苓、茵陈蒿、神曲、莱菔子、薄荷、麝香、槟榔、板蓝根、白花蛇舌草、金银花、鸡内金、青皮、甘草、泽兰、山茱萸、附子、黄连、当归、川芎、桃仁进行组合制备的,将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用,从而能够有效治疗急性黄疸性肝炎。其中选用龙胆是因为其性味苦,寒,入肝、胆经,有泻肝实火,除下焦湿热的功能,治肝经热盛,惊癎狂躁,乙型脑炎,头痛,目赤,咽痛,黄疸,热痢,痈肿疮疡,阴囊肿痛,阴部湿痒。选用半夏是因为其性味辛,温,有毒,入脾、胃经,有燥湿化痰,降逆止呕,清痞散结的功能,治湿痰冷饮呕吐,反胃,咳喘痰多,我膈胀满,痰厥头痛,头晕不眠,外消痈肿。选用连翘是因为其性味苦,凉,入心、肝、胆经,有清热,解毒,散结,消肿的功能,治温热,丹毒,斑疹,痈疡肿毒,瘰疬,小便淋闭。选用柴胡是因为其性味苦,凉,入肝、胆经,有和解表里,疏肝,升阳的功能,治寒热往来,胸满胁痛,口苦耳聋,头痛目眩,疟疾,下利脱肛,月经不调,子宫下垂。选用郁金是因为其性味辛苦,凉,入心、肺、肝经,有行气解随,凉血破瘀的功能,治胸腹胁肋诸痛,失心癫狂,热病神昏,吐血,衄血,尿血,血淋,妇女倒经,黄疸。选用金钱草是因为其性味苦辛,凉,有清热,利尿,镇咳,消肿,解毒的功能,治黄疸,水肿,膀胱结石,疟疾,肺痈,咳嗽,吐血,淋浊,带下,风湿痹痛,小儿疳积,惊癎,痈肿,疮癣,湿疹。选用夏枯草是因为其性味苦辛,寒,入肝、胆经,有清肝,散结的功能,治瘰疬,瘿瘤,乳痈,乳癌,目珠夜痛,羞明流泪,头目眩晕,口眼歪斜,筋骨疼痛,肺结核,急性黄疸型传染性肝炎,血崩,带下。选用茯苓是因为其性味甘淡,平,入心、脾、肺经,有渗湿利水,益脾和胃,宁心安神的功能,治小便不利水肿胀痛,痰饮咳逆,呕哕,泄泻,遗精,淋浊,惊悸,健忘。选用茵陈蒿是因为其性味苦辛,凉,入肝、脾、膀胱经,有清热利湿的功能,治湿热黄疸,小便不利,风痒疮疥。选用神曲是因为其性味甘辛,温,入碑、胃经,有健脾和胃,消食调中的功能,治饮食停滞,胸痞腹胀,呕吐泻痢,产后瘀血腹痛,小儿腹大坚积。选用莱菔子是因为其性味辛甘,平,入肺、胃经,有下气定喘,消食化痰的功能,治咳嗽痰喘,食积气滞,胸闷腹胀,下痢后重。选用薄荷是因为其性味辛,凉,入肺、肝经,有疏风,散热,辟秽,解毒的功能,治外感风热,头痛,目赤,咽喉肿痛,食滞气胀,口疮,牙痛,疮疥,瘾疹。选用麝香是因为其性味辛,温,入心、脾、肝经,有开窍,辟秽,通络,散瘀的功能,治中风,痰厥,惊癎,中恶烦闷,心腹暴痛,癥瘕癖积,跌打损伤,痈疽肿毒。选用槟榔是因为其性味苦辛,温,入脾、胃、大肠经,有杀虫,破积,下气,行水的功能,治虫积、食滞,脘腹胀痛,泻痢后重,疟疾,水肿,脚气,痰癖,癥结。选用板蓝根是因为其性味苦,寒,入肝、胃血分,有清热,解毒,凉血的功能,治流感,流脑,乙脑,肺炎,丹毒,热毒发斑,神昏吐衄,咽肿,痄腮,火眼,疮疹。选用白花蛇舌草是因为其性味苦甘,寒,入心、肝、脾三经,有清热,利湿,解毒的功能,治肺热喘咳,扁桃体炎,咽喉炎,阑尾炎,痢疾,黄疸,盆腔炎,附件炎,痈肿疔疮,毒蛇咬伤。选用金银花是因为其性味甘,寒,入肺、胃经,有清热,解毒的功能,治温病发热,热毒血痢,痈疡,肿毒,瘰疬,痔漏。选用鸡内金是因为其性味甘,平,入脾、胃经,有治积滞,健脾胃的功能,治食积胀满,呕吐反胃,泻痢,疳积,消渴,遗溺,喉痹乳蛾,牙疳口疮。选用青皮是因为其性味苦辛,微温,入肝、胆经,有疏肝破气,散结消痰的功能,治胸胁胃脘疼痛,疝气,食积,乳肿,乳核,久疟癖块。选用甘草是因为其性味甘,平,入脾、胃、肺经,有和中缓急,润肺,解毒,调和诸药的功能;炙用,治脾胃食少,腹痛便溏,劳倦发热,肺痿咳嗽,心悸,惊癎;生用,治咽喉肿痛,消化性溃疡,痈疸疮疡,解药毒及食物中毒。选用泽兰是因为其性味苦辛,微温,入肝、脾经,有活血,行水的功能,治经闭,癥瘕,产后瘀滞腹痛,身面浮肿,跌扑损伤,金疮,痈肿。选用山茱萸是因为其性味酸,微温,入肝、肾经,有补肝肾,涩精气,固虚脱的功能,治腰膝酸痛,眩晕,耳鸣,阳痿,遗精,小便频数,肝虚寒热,虚汗不止,心摇脉散。选用附子是因为其性味辛甘,热,有毒,入心、脾、肾经,有回阳补火,散寒除湿的功能,治阴盛格阳,大汗亡阳,吐利厥逆,心腹冷痛,脾泄冷痢,脚气水肿,小儿慢惊,风寒湿痹,踒躄拘挛,阴疽疮漏及一切沉寒痼冷之疾。选用黄连是因为其性味苦,寒,入心、肝、胃、大肠经,有泻火,燥湿,解毒,杀虫的功能,治时行热毒、伤寒,热盛心烦,痞满呕逆,菌痢,热泻腹痛,肺结核,吐、衄、下血,消渴,疳积,蛔虫病,百日咳,咽喉肿痛,火眼,口疮,痈疽疮毒,湿疹,汤火烫伤。选用当归是因为其性味甘辛,温,入心、肝、脾经,有补血活血,调经止痛,润燥滑肠的功能,治月经不调,经闭腹痛,癥瘕结聚,崩漏,血虚头痛,眩晕,痿痹,肠燥难便,赤痢后重,痈疽疮疡,金疮,跌扑损伤。选用川芎是因为其性味辛,温,入肝、胆经,有行气开郁,祛风燥湿,活血止痛的功能,治风冷头痛旋晕,胁痛腹疼,寒痹筋挛,经闭,难产,产后瘀阻块痛,痈疽疮疡。选用桃仁是因为其性味苦甘,平,入心、肝、大肠经,有破血行瘀,润燥滑经的功能,治经闭,癥瘕,热病蓄血,血痹,疟疾,跌打损伤,瘀血肿痛,血燥便秘。
具体实施方式
本发明组分的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的,各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好的疗效:
龙胆10-14克,半夏5-15克,连翘5-15克,柴胡5-15克,郁金5-15克,金钱草15-25克,夏枯草15-25克,茯苓25-35克,茵陈蒿25-35克,神曲10-20克,莱菔子4-8克,薄荷5-15克,麝香1.5-2.5克,槟榔15-25克,板蓝根15-25克,白花蛇舌草15-25克,金银花15-25克,鸡内金5-15克,青皮10-12克,甘草4-8克,泽兰10-20克,山茱萸5-15克,附子5-15克,黄连5-15克,当归5-15克,川芎10-20克,桃仁5-15克。
优选为:
龙胆12克,半夏10克,连翘10克,柴胡10克,郁金10克,金钱草20克,夏枯草20克,茯苓30克,茵陈蒿30克,神曲15克,莱菔子6克,薄荷10克,麝香2克,槟榔20克,板蓝根20克,白花蛇舌草20克,金银花20克,鸡内金10克,青皮10克,甘草6克,泽兰15克,山茱萸10克,附子10克,黄连10克,当归10克,川芎15克,桃仁10克。
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、龙胆:拣去杂质,除去残茎,洗净,润透后切段,晒干;
2、半夏:拣去杂质,筛去灰屑;
3、连翘:拣净杂质,搓开,除去枝梗;
4、柴胡:取原药材,除去残茎,杂质,洗净,润软,切厚片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
5、郁金:用水浸泡,洗净,捞出晒晾,润透,切片,晒干;
6、金钱草:拣净杂质,筛去灰屑,晒干;
7、夏枯草:取原药材,除去枝梗、叶片及杂质,筛去灰屑;
8、茯苓:用水浸泡,洗净捞出,闷透后,切片,晒干;
9、茵陈蒿:过筛,拣去杂质,除去残根,碾碎,再过筛去净泥屑;
10、神曲:取麸皮撒匀于热锅内,俟起烟,将神曲倒入,炒至黄色,取出,筛去麸皮,放凉;
11、莱菔子:簸去杂质,漂净泥土,捞出,晒干,用时捣碎;
12、薄荷:拣净杂质,除去残根,先将叶抖下另放,然后将茎喷洒清水,润透后切段,晒干,再与叶和匀;
13、麝香:用温水浸润香囊,割开后除去皮毛内膜杂质,用时取麝香仁研细;
14、槟榔:拣去杂质,以清水浸泡,按气温情况换水,至泡透为止,捞起,切片,晾干;
15、板蓝根:拣净杂质,洗净,润透,切片,晒干;
16、白花蛇舌草:取原药材,除去杂质,抢水洗净,稍晾,切段,干燥,筛去灰屑;
17、金银花:筛去泥沙,拣净杂质;
18、鸡内金:拣去杂质,漂净晒干;
19、青皮:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
20、甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透切片,晒干;
21、泽兰:拣去杂质,除去残根,喷水稍润,切段晒干;
22、山茱萸:洗净,除去果核及杂质,晒干;
23、附子:用水浸泡,捞出,切片,晾干;
24、黄连:拣去杂质,洗净泥砂,润透,切片,阴干;
25、当归:拣去杂质,洗净,闷润,稍晾,切片晒干;
26、川芎:拣去杂质,分开大、小个,用水浸泡,晒晾,闷润后切片,干燥;
27、桃仁:除去硬壳杂质,置沸水锅中煮至外皮微皱,捞出,浸入凉水中,搓去种皮,晒干,簸净。
二、制备
1、将所述重量的龙胆、半夏、连翘、柴胡、郁金、金钱草、夏枯草、茯苓、茵陈蒿、神曲、莱菔子、薄荷、槟榔、板蓝根、白花蛇舌草、金银花、鸡内金、青皮、甘草、泽兰、山茱萸、附子、黄连、当归、川芎、桃仁放入煎药容器内,加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
2、将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
3、将两次煎煮液混合加入麝香细粉搅拌均匀,分为4剂服用。
组方中龙胆有泻肝实火,除焦湿热的功能为君药;郁金有行气解随,凉血破瘀的功能;夏枯草有清肝,散结的功能,二者为臣药,三味药共同发挥泻肝实火,行气解随,凉血破瘀,清肝散结的作用,治疗急性黄疸性肝炎效力全面,且以泻肝实火,行气解随,清肝散结为主可治本,茵陈蒿有清热利湿的功能为佐药,白花蛇舌草有清热,利湿,解毒的功能为使药,与下余诸药是治标。
本发明药物具有泻肝实火,行气解随,凉血破瘀,清肝散结,清热利湿的功能,用于治疗急性黄疸性肝炎,疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发。
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果,这些试验例包括本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床疗效观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告:
取家兔30只,雌雄兼用,体重2.0—2.5kg,分两组,每组15只,其中一组为超剂量试验组,另一组为正常量试验组。超常量组为20ml/kg,正常量为10ml/kg,给药方式为灌胃法给药,每天两次,连服7天,每天观察给药反应,结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常,药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物的临床疗效观察
1、一般资料
收治急性黄疸性肝炎门诊患者共37例。
2、诊断标准
典型症状为食欲减退、肝区胀痛、乏力、恶心呕吐、腹胀、便秘或腹泻等,还会有畏寒发热的症状,有一些患者还会出现上呼吸道症状,其症状类似感冒,患者要注意鉴别。有的还伴有关节疼痛,头痛,腹痛,肝区痛和寻麻疹。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂,给患者服用,每次服用1剂,每天早、晚各服1次,7天为一个疗程,连续服用4个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效:急性黄疸性肝炎症状消失,恢复正常,痊愈;
好转:急性黄疸性肝炎症状明显好转,乏力、恶心、腹胀症状减轻,肝区逐步恢复正常;
无效:达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果(见下表)
在上述治疗中,用本发明药物治疗急性黄疸性肝炎患者37例,结果显效30例,显效率为81.1%,好转5例,好转率为13.5%,无效2例,总有效率为94.6%。
Claims (3)
1.一种治疗急性黄疸性肝炎的药物,其特征在于:它是由下列重量范围内的原料药制成:
龙胆10-14克,半夏5-15克,连翘5-15克,柴胡5-15克,郁金5-15克,金钱草15-25克,夏枯草15-25克,茯苓25-35克,茵陈蒿25-35克,神曲10-20克,莱菔子4-8克,薄荷5-15克,麝香1.5-2.5克,槟榔15-25克,板蓝根15-25克,白花蛇舌草15-25克,金银花15-25克,鸡内金5-15克,青皮10-12克,甘草4-8克,泽兰10-20克,山茱萸5-15克,附子5-15克,黄连5-15克,当归5-15克,川芎10-20克,桃仁5-15克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物,其中各原料药的用量为:
龙胆12克,半夏10克,连翘10克,柴胡10克,郁金10克,金钱草20克,夏枯草20克,茯苓30克,茵陈蒿30克,神曲15克,莱菔子6克,薄荷10克,麝香2克,槟榔20克,板蓝根20克,白花蛇舌草20克,金银花20克,鸡内金10克,青皮10克,甘草6克,泽兰15克,山茱萸10克,附子10克,黄连10克,当归10克,川芎15克,桃仁10克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法,它包括下列步骤:
(一)备料
(1)龙胆:拣去杂质,除去残茎,洗净,润透后切段,晒干;
(2)半夏:拣去杂质,筛去灰屑;
(3)连翘:拣净杂质,搓开,除去枝梗;
(4)柴胡:取原药材,除去残茎,杂质,洗净,润软,切厚片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
(5)郁金:用水浸泡,洗净,捞出晒晾,润透,切片,晒干;
(6)金钱草:拣净杂质,筛去灰屑,晒干;
(7)夏枯草:取原药材,除去枝梗、叶片及杂质,筛去灰屑;
(8)茯苓:用水浸泡,洗净捞出,闷透后,切片,晒干;
(9)茵陈蒿:过筛,拣去杂质,除去残根,碾碎,再过筛去净泥屑;
(10)神曲:取麸皮撒匀于热锅内,俟起烟,将神曲倒入,炒至黄色,取出,筛去麸皮,放凉;
(11)莱菔子:簸去杂质,漂净泥土,捞出,晒干,用时捣碎;
(12)薄荷:拣净杂质,除去残根,先将叶抖下另放,然后将茎喷洒清水,润透后切段,晒干,再与叶和匀;
(13)麝香:用温水浸润香囊,割开后除去皮毛内膜杂质,用时取麝香仁研细;
(14)槟榔:拣去杂质,以清水浸泡,按气温情况换水,至泡透为止,捞起,切片,晾干;
(15)板蓝根:拣净杂质,洗净,润透,切片,晒干;
(16)白花蛇舌草:取原药材,除去杂质,抢水洗净,稍晾,切段,干燥,筛去灰屑;
(17)金银花:筛去泥沙,拣净杂质;
(18)鸡内金:拣去杂质,漂净晒干;
(19)青皮:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
(20)甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透切片,晒干;
(21)泽兰:拣去杂质,除去残根,喷水稍润,切段晒干;
(22)山茱萸:洗净,除去果核及杂质,晒干;
(23)附子:用水浸泡,捞出,切片,晾干;
(24)黄连:拣去杂质,洗净泥砂,润透,切片,阴干;
(25)当归:拣去杂质,洗净,闷润,稍晾,切片晒干;
(26)川芎:拣去杂质,分开大、小个,用水浸泡,晒晾,闷润后切片,干燥;
(27)桃仁:除去硬壳杂质,置沸水锅中煮至外皮微皱,捞出,浸入凉水中,搓去种皮,晒干,簸净;
(二)制备
(1)将所述重量的龙胆、半夏、连翘、柴胡、郁金、金钱草、夏枯草、茯苓、茵陈蒿、神曲、莱菔子、薄荷、槟榔、板蓝根、白花蛇舌草、金银花、鸡内金、青皮、甘草、泽兰、山茱萸、附子、黄连、当归、川芎、桃仁放入煎药容器内,加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
(2)将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
(3)将两次煎煮液混合加入麝香细粉搅拌均匀,分为4剂服用。
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