CN106692795A - 一种治疗重症肌无力的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗重症肌无力的药物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗重症肌无力的药物及其制备方法,其主要是由黄芪、淫羊藿、沙苑子、党参、茯苓、乌梅、何首乌、菟丝子、鸡血藤、仙茅、薏苡仁、桔梗、仙鹤草、紫河车、升麻、芡实、陈皮、酸枣仁、远志、当归、柴胡、甘草、菊花按一定重量配比制备而成,本发明药物具有补脾益胃,补肝益肾,清热利湿的功能,用于治疗重症肌无力见效快、疗效好,不复发。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗重症肌无力的药物及其制备方法,属中药领域。
背景技术
重症肌无力是一种由神经-肌肉接头处传递功能障碍所引起的自身免疫性疾病。中医则认为重症肌无力与脾胃虚弱,肝肾阴虚有关。由于西药治疗副作用大,因此人们对有效治疗重症肌无力的中药药物存在极大的需求,至今为止,还没有发现关于本发明的有关报道。
发明内容
本发明人依据中医理论的研究和临床试验的反复验证,终于找到了有效治疗重症肌无力的药物,从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种有效治疗重症肌无力的中药组合药物。
本发明的另一目的就是提供了该中药组合药物的制备方法。
本发明药物是选择黄芪、淫羊藿、沙苑子、党参、茯苓、乌梅、何首乌、菟丝子、鸡血藤、仙茅、薏苡仁、桔梗、仙鹤草、紫河车、升麻、芡实、陈皮、酸枣仁、远志、当归、柴胡、甘草、菊花、瓜蒌、女贞子、白术进行组合制备的,将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用,从而能够有效治疗重症肌无力。其中选用黄芪是因为其性味甘,微温,入肺、脾经,生用有益卫固表,利水消肿,托毒,生肌的功能,治自汗,盗汗,血痹,浮肿,痈疽不溃或溃久敛;炙用有补中益的功能,治内伤劳倦,脾虚泄泻,脱肛,气虚血脱,崩带及一切气衰血虚之症。选用淫羊藿是因为其性味辛甘,温,入肝、肾经,有补肾壮阳,祛风除湿的功能,治阳痿不举,小便淋沥,筋骨挛急,半身不遂,腰膝无力,风湿痹痛,四脚不仁。选用沙苑子是因为其性味甘温,入肝、肾经,有补肝,益肾,明目,固精的功能,治肝肾不足,腰膝酸痛,目昏,遗精早泄,小便频数,遗尿,尿血,白带。选用党参是因为其性味甘,平,入手、足太阴经气分,有补中益气,生津的功能,治脾胃虚弱,气血两亏,体倦无力,食少,口渴,久泻,脱肛。选用茯苓是因为其性味甘淡,平,入心、脾、肺经,有渗湿利水,益脾和胃,宁心安神的功能,治小便不利水肿胀痛,痰饮咳逆,呕哕,泄泻,遗精,淋浊,惊悸,健忘。选用乌梅是因为其性味酸,温,入肝,脾,肺,大肠经,有收敛生津,安蛔驱虫的功能,治久咳,虚热烦渴,久疟,痢疾,便血,尿血,血崩,蛔厥腹痛,呕吐,钩虫病,牛皮癣,胬肉。选用何首乌是因为其性味苦甘涩,微温,入肝、肾经,有补肝,益肾,养血,祛风的功能,治肝肾阴亏,发须早白,血虚头晕,腰膝软弱,筋骨酸痛,遗精,崩带,久疟,久痢,慢性肝炎,痈肿,瘰疬,肠风,痔疾。选用菟丝子是因为其性味辛甘,平,入肝、肾经,有补肝肾,益精髓,明目的功能,治腰膝酸痛,遗精,消渴,尿有余沥,目暗。选用鸡血藤是因为其性味苦甘,温,入心、脾二经,有活血、舒筋的功能,治腰膝酸痛,麻木瘫痪,月经不调。选用仙茅是因为其性味辛,温,有毒,入肾、肝经,有温肾阳,壮筋骨的功能,治阳萎精冷,小便失禁,崩漏,心腹冷痛,腰脚冷痹,痈疽,瘰疬。选用薏苡仁是因为其性味甘淡,凉,入脾、肺、肾经,有健脾,补肺,清热,利湿的功能,治泄泻,湿痹,筋脉拘挛,屈伸不利,水肿,脚气,肺痿,肺痈,肠痈,淋浊,白带。选用桔梗是因为其性味苦辛,平,入肺、胃经,有开宣肺气,祛痰排脓的功能,治外感咳嗽,咽喉肿痛,肺痈吐脓,胸满胁痛,痢疾腹痛。选用仙鹤草是因为其性味苦辛、平。入肺、肝、脾经。止血,健胃。治咯血,吐血,尿血,便血,赤白痢疾,崩漏带下,劳伤脱力,痈肿,跌打、创伤出血。选用紫河车是因为其性味甘咸,温,入肺、肝、肾经,有补气,养血,益精的功能,治虚损,羸瘦,劳热骨蒸,咳喘,咯血,盗汗,遗精,阳痿,妇女血气不足,不孕或乳少。选用升麻是因为其性味甘辛微苦,凉,入肺、脾、胃经,有升阳,发表,透疹,解毒的功能,治时气疫劳,头痛寒热,喉痛,口疮疤,斑疹不透,中气下陷,久泻久痢,脱肛,妇女崩带,子宫下坠,痈肿疮毒。选用芡实是因为其性味甘涩,平,入脾、肾经,有固肾涩精,补脾止泄,治遗精,淋浊,带下,小便不禁,大便泄泻。选用陈皮是因为其性味苦、辛,温,归肺、脾经,有理气健脾,燥湿化痰的功能,治胸脘胀满,食少吐泻,咳嗽痰多。选用酸枣仁是因为其性味甘,平,入心、脾、肝、胆经,有养肝,宁心,安神,敛汗的功能,治虚烦不眠,惊悸怔忡,烦渴,虚汗。选用远志是因为其性味苦辛,温,入心、肾经,有安神益智,祛痰,解郁的功能,治惊悸,健忘,梦遗,失眠,咳嗽多痰,痈疽疮肿。选用当归是因为其性味甘辛,温,入心、肝、脾经,有补血和血,调经止痛,润燥滑肠的功能,治月经不调,经闭腹痛,癥瘕结聚,崩漏,血虚头痛,眩晕,痿痹,肠燥难便,赤痢后重,痈疽疮疡,金疮,跌扑损伤。选用柴胡是因为其性味苦,凉,入肝、胆经,有和解表里,疏肝,升阳的功能,治寒热往来,胸满胁痛,口苦耳聋,头痛目眩,疟疾,下利脱肛,月经不调,子宫下垂。选用甘草是因为其性味甘平,入脾、胃、肺经,有和中缓急,润肺,解毒,调和诸药的功能,炙用治脾胃虚弱,食少,腹痛便溏,劳倦发热,肺痿咳嗽,心悸,惊痈,生用治咽喉肿痛,消化性溃疡,痈疽疮疡,解药毒及食物中毒。选用菊花是因为其性味甘苦,凉,入肺,肝经,有疏风,消热,明目,解毒的功能,治头痛,眩晕,目赤,心胸烦热,疔疮,肿毒。选用瓜蒌是因为其性味甘、微苦,寒,归肺、胃、大肠经,有清热涤痰,宽胸散结,润燥滑肠的功能,治肺热咳嗽,痰浊黄稠,胸痹心痛,结胸痞满,乳痈,肠痈,大便秘结。选用女贞子是因为其性味苦甘,平,入肝、肾经,有补肝肾,强腰膝的功能,治阴虚内热,头晕,目花耳鸣,腰膝酸软,须发早白。选用白术是因为其性味苦甘,温,入脾、胃经,有补脾,益胃,燥湿,和中的功能,治脾胃气弱,不思饮食,倦怠少气,虚胀,泄泻,痰饮,水肿,黄疸,湿痹,小便不利,头晕,自汗,胎气不安。
具体实施方式
本发明组分的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的,各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好的疗效:
黄芪15-20克,淫羊藿10-15克,沙苑子10-20克,党参15-25克,茯苓5-15克,乌梅10-15克,何首乌5-15克,菟丝子5-15克,鸡血藤15-25克,仙茅10-15克,薏苡仁10-15克,桔梗5-15克,仙鹤草5-15克,紫河车5-10克,升麻5-10克,芡实10-20克,陈皮10-15克,酸枣仁15-20克,远志5-15克,当归5-15克,柴胡5-15克,甘草10-15克,菊花5-15克,瓜蒌5-15克,女贞子10-20克,白术10-20克。
优选为:
黄芪18克,淫羊藿12克,沙苑子15克,党参20克,茯苓10克,乌梅12克,何首乌10克,菟丝子10克,鸡血藤20克,仙茅12克,薏苡仁12克,桔梗10克,仙鹤草10克,紫河车8克,升麻8克,芡实15克,陈皮12克,酸枣仁18克,远志10克,当归10克,柴胡10克,甘草12克,菊花10克,瓜蒌10克,女贞子15克,白术15克。
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、黄芪:拣净杂质,除去残留的根头和空心较大者,用水浸泡,捞出,润透后及时切片,晒干;
2、淫羊藿:拣净杂质,去梗,切丝,筛去碎屑;
3、沙苑子:拣去杂质,漂净泥沙,捞出,晒干;
4、党参:洗净泥沙后润透去芦,切片或切段,晒干;
5、茯苓:用水浸泡,洗净捞出,闷透后,切片,晒干;
6、乌梅:拣净杂质,筛去灰屑,洗净,晒干;
7、何首乌:拣去杂质,洗净,用水泡至八成透,捞出,润至内外湿度均匀,切片或切成方块,晒干;
8、菟丝子:过箩去净杂质,洗净,晒干;
9、鸡血藤:用水润透,切片,或蒸软后乘热切片,晒干;
10、仙茅:取净仙茅用黄酒拌匀,润透后,置锅内微炒至干,取出,晾干,每仙茅100斤,用黄酒10—20斤;
11、薏苡仁:取原药材,除去残留皮壳、杂质;
12、桔梗:拣净杂质,除去芦头,洗净捞出,润透后切片,晒干;
13、仙鹤草:除去杂质残根,洗净,润透,切断,晒干;
14、紫河车:用新鲜的紫河车,横直割开血管,用水反复洗漂干净;
15、升麻:拣去杂质,略泡洗净,捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
16、芡实:先将麸皮放热锅内炒至烟起,再将净芡实倒入,拌炒至微黄色,取出,筛净麸皮,放凉;
17、陈皮:取原药材,除去杂质及变黑的果皮,抢水洗净,润软,切丝,晒干或低温干燥,筛去灰屑;
18、酸枣仁:原药放入竹箩内,沉入清水缸中,使仁浮在水面,壳沉水底,将刺仁捞出,晒干;
19、远志:拣去杂质,切段,筛去灰屑;
20、当归:拣去杂质,洗净,闷润,稍晾,切片晒干;
21、柴胡:拣去杂质,除去残茎,洗净泥沙,捞出,润透后及时切片,随即晒干;
22、甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透,切片,凉干;
23、菊花:拣净叶梗、花柄及泥屑杂质;
24、瓜蒌:取原药材,除去杂质及果柄,洗净,压扁,切丝或小块,干燥;
25、女贞子:拣去杂质,洗净,晒干;
26、白术:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,泡后捞出,润透,切片,晒干。
二、制备
1、将所述重量的黄芪、淫羊藿、沙苑子、党参、茯苓、乌梅、何首乌、菟丝子、鸡血藤、仙茅、薏苡仁、桔梗、仙鹤草、紫河车、升麻、芡实、陈皮、酸枣仁、远志、当归、柴胡、甘草、菊花、瓜蒌、女贞子、白术放入煎药容器内,第一次加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
2、将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
3、将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀,分为3剂服用。
组方中薏苡仁有健脾,补肺,清热,利湿的功能为君药;白术补脾,益胃,燥湿;沙苑子有补肝,益肾,明目,固精的功能,二者为臣药,三味药共同发挥健脾,益胃,补肝益肾,清热利湿,固精的作用,治疗重症肌无力效力全面,且以健脾,健胃,补肝益肾为主可治本,陈皮有理气健脾,燥湿化痰功能为佐药,仙鹤草有止血,健胃的功能为使药,与下余诸药是治标。
本发明药物具有补脾益胃,补肝益肾,清热利湿的功能,用于治疗重症肌无力,疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发。
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果,这些试验例包括本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床疗效观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告:
取家兔30只,雌雄兼用,体重2.0—2.5kg,分两组,每组15只,其中一组为超剂量试验组,另一组为正常量试验组。超常量组为20ml/kg,正常量为10ml/kg,给药方式为灌胃法给药,每天两次,连服7天,每天观察给药反应,结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常,药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物的临床疗效观察
1、一般资料
收治重症肌无力门诊患者共37例。
2、诊断标准
典型症状为:眼睑下垂,复视,全身无力,咀嚼无力,吞咽困难,面肌无力,说话鼻音,呼吸困难,颈肌无力。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂,给患者服用,每次服用1剂,每天早、晚各服1次,30天为一个疗程,连续服用2个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效:重症肌无力症状消失,恢复正常,痊愈;
好转:患者眼睑下垂,复视,全身无力,咀嚼无力,吞咽困难,面肌无力,说话鼻音,呼吸困难,颈肌无力的现象减轻,重症肌无力症状明显好转,逐步恢复正常;
无效:达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果(见下表)
在上述治疗中,用本发明药物治疗重症肌无力患者37例,结果显效32例,显效率为86.48%,好转4例,好转率为10.81%,无效1例,总有效率为97.29%。
Claims (3)
1.一种治疗重症肌无力的药物,其特征在于:它是由下列重量范围内的原料药制成:
黄芪15-20克,淫羊藿10-15克,沙苑子10-20克,党参15-25克,茯苓5-15克,乌梅10-15克,何首乌5-15克,菟丝子5-15克,鸡血藤15-25克,仙茅10-15克,薏苡仁10-15克,桔梗5-15克,仙鹤草5-15克,紫河车5-10克,升麻5-10克,芡实10-20克,陈皮10-15克,酸枣仁15-20克,远志5-15克,当归5-15克,柴胡5-15克,甘草10-15克,菊花5-15克,瓜蒌5-15克,女贞子10-20克,白术10-20克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物,其中各原料药的用量为:
黄芪18克,淫羊藿12克,沙苑子15克,党参20克,茯苓10克,乌梅12克,何首乌10克,菟丝子10克,鸡血藤20克,仙茅12克,薏苡仁12克,桔梗10克,仙鹤草10克,紫河车8克,升麻8克,芡实15克,陈皮12克,酸枣仁18克,远志10克,当归10克,柴胡10克,甘草12克,菊花10克,瓜蒌10克,女贞子15克,白术15克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法,它包括下列步骤:
(一)备料
(1)黄芪:拣净杂质,除去残留的根头和空心较大者,用水浸泡,捞出,润透后及时切片,晒干;
(2)淫羊藿:拣净杂质,去梗,切丝,筛去碎屑;
(3)沙苑子:拣去杂质,漂净泥沙,捞出,晒干;
(4)党参:洗净泥沙后润透去芦,切片或切段,晒干;
(5)茯苓:用水浸泡,洗净捞出,闷透后,切片,晒干;
(6)乌梅:拣净杂质,筛去灰屑,洗净,晒干;
(7)何首乌:拣去杂质,洗净,用水泡至八成透,捞出,润至内外湿度均匀,切片或切成方块,晒干;
(8)菟丝子:过箩去净杂质,洗净,晒干;
(9)鸡血藤:用水润透,切片,或蒸软后乘热切片,晒干;
(10)仙茅:取净仙茅用黄酒拌匀,润透后,置锅内微炒至干,取出,晾干,每仙茅100斤,用黄酒10—20斤;
(11)薏苡仁:取原药材,除去残留皮壳、杂质;
(12)桔梗:拣净杂质,除去芦头,洗净捞出,润透后切片,晒干;
(13)仙鹤草:除去杂质残根,洗净,润透,切断,晒干;
(14)紫河车:用新鲜的紫河车,横直割开血管,用水反复洗漂干净;
(15)升麻:拣去杂质,略泡洗净,捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
(16)芡实:先将麸皮放热锅内炒至烟起,再将净芡实倒入,拌炒至微黄色,取出,筛净麸皮,放凉;
(17)陈皮:取原药材,除去杂质及变黑的果皮,抢水洗净,润软,切丝,晒干或低温干燥,筛去灰屑;
(18)酸枣仁:原药放入竹箩内,沉入清水缸中,使仁浮在水面,壳沉水底,将刺仁捞出,晒干;
(19)远志:拣去杂质,切段,筛去灰屑;
(20)当归:拣去杂质,洗净,闷润,稍晾,切片晒干;
(21)柴胡:拣去杂质,除去残茎,洗净泥沙,捞出,润透后及时切片,随即晒干;
(22)甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透,切片,凉干;
(23)菊花:拣净叶梗、花柄及泥屑杂质;
(24)瓜蒌:取原药材,除去杂质及果柄,洗净,压扁,切丝或小块,干燥;
(25)女贞子:拣去杂质,洗净,晒干;
(26)白术:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,泡后捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
(二)制备
(1)将所述重量的黄芪、淫羊藿、沙苑子、党参、茯苓、乌梅、何首乌、菟丝子、鸡血藤、仙茅、薏苡仁、桔梗、仙鹤草、紫河车、升麻、芡实、陈皮、酸枣仁、远志、当归、柴胡、甘草、菊花、瓜蒌、女贞子、白术放入煎药容器内,加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
(2)将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
(3)将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀,分为3剂服用。
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