CN106669589B - 一种基于巯基的高效吸附剂的制备方法及应用 - Google Patents
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960000935 dehydrated alcohol Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- -1 mercapto propyl Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- BQPIGGFYSBELGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury(2+) Chemical compound [Hg+2] BQPIGGFYSBELGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明属于吸附剂制备领域,特别涉及一种基于巯基的高效吸附剂的制备方法及应用。本发明直接从含有有效官能团的巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷MPTMS出发,采用简单的溶胶‑凝胶法、选用普通廉价的化学试剂,制备了具有特定结构的用于去除废水、废气中有毒污染的吸附剂,高效稳定。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于吸附剂制备领域,特别涉及一种基于巯基的高效吸附剂的制备方法及应用。
背景技术
随着电子、化工工业的迅速发展,大量的废水、废气等被乱排乱放到自然环境中,对人体健康及生态环境造成巨大威胁。怎样有效去除废水、废气中的有毒污染,有着极为重要的现实意义。
吸附法避免了制备步骤冗长繁琐、制备成本高的缺陷,有着简单、高效的特点,通过吸附法去除废水、废气中的有毒污染过程中最重要的就是吸附剂的选择。
发明内容
本发明直接从含有有效官能团的巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷MPTMS出发,采用简单的溶胶-凝胶法、选用普通廉价的化学试剂制备出高效的吸附剂,
具体制备方法如下:
将0.5~1g的巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷溶解在10~30g的无水乙醇中,在30~50℃水浴条件下缓慢加入盐酸与水的混合物,反应2h生成溶胶;反应完成后,将所得溶胶在惰性气氛下加热使其凝胶化,经过研磨,制备得到吸附剂,
其中,巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷:H2O:HCl的摩尔比为1:60:0.1,
加入盐酸与水的混合物后,巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷的成分在混合体系中的质量分数控制为2%~5%,
惰性气氛为氮气气氛、氦气气氛或氩气气氛,
加热操作采用程序升温模式,具体为60℃加热12h后、于120℃加热6h、再于150℃加热6h。
本发明还提供了一种上述制备方法所得到的吸附剂的应用,即采用该吸附剂对汞离子进行吸附。
本发明还提供了另一种上述制备方法所得到的吸附剂的应用,即采用该吸附剂进行脱硝。
本发明的有益效果在于:本发明经过简单的溶胶-凝胶法,在无模板剂的条件下绿色合成制备了具有特定结构的用于去除废水、废气中有毒污染的吸附剂,高效稳定;该发明无需采用后接枝或共缩合的官能化改性方式,大大缩减了反应步骤与反应时间,杜绝了后接枝或共缩合方式中部分价格昂贵、有毒有害试剂的使用,降低了吸附剂制备成本,环境友好。
附图说明
图1为实施例1、2制备所得溶胶的粒径分布图;
图2为实施例1、2制备得到的吸附剂的SEM图,实施例1为图a,实施例2为图b;
图3为实施例2制备得到的吸附剂对不同pH溶液中Hg(II)吸附性能的变化图;
图4为实施例2制备得到的吸附剂在不同吸附时间条件下,对Hg(II)的吸附性能变化图,
其中,图3和图4的检测实验中,吸附剂用量为10mg,待处理的汞离子溶液浓度均为100ppm(汞离子过量)。
具体实施方式
实施例1
将0.5g的巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷溶解在22.25g的无水乙醇中,在35℃水浴条件下缓慢加入盐酸与水的混合物,其中,巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷:H2O:HCl的摩尔比为1:60:0.1,反应2h生成溶胶;反应完成后,将所得溶胶在氮气气氛下采用程序升温的加热方式(60℃加热12h后、于120℃加热6h、再于150℃加热6h)使其凝胶化,经过研磨,制备得到吸附剂。
实施例2
将1g的巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷溶解在13.46g的无水乙醇中,在45℃水浴条件下缓慢加入盐酸与水的混合物,其中,巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷:H2O:HCl的摩尔比为1:60:0.1,反应2h生成溶胶;反应完成后,将所得溶胶在氦气气氛下采用程序升温的加热方式(60℃加热12h后、于120℃加热6h、再于150℃加热6h)使其凝胶化,经过研磨,制备得到吸附剂。
汞离子吸附实验:
取实施例1制备得到的吸附剂10mg置于25mL的pH=3、温度25℃、Hg(II)浓度为10ppm的溶液中,搅拌吸附1h,Hg(II)去除率达到96.6%。
取实施例2制备得到的吸附剂10mg置于25mL的pH=3、温度25℃、Hg(II)浓度为10ppm的溶液中,搅拌吸附1h,Hg(II)去除率达到95.8%。
脱硝实验
在光辅助-SCR脱销装置的石英管中加入150mg的实施例1制备得到的吸附剂,NH3、NO、O2的初始浓度分别为:1000ppm,1000ppm,3%(相对于气体总流量),空速为25000h-1,气体总流量控制在100ml/min,所使用的光源为200W的氙灯,光波长为:380~780nm。用烟气检测仪检测剩余NO浓度,测得该吸附剂对NO的转化率达96.8%。
在光辅助-SCR脱销装置的石英管中加入150mg的实施例2制备得到的吸附剂,NH3、NO、O2的初始浓度分别为:1000ppm,1000ppm,3%(相对于气体总流量),空速为25000h-1,气体总流量控制在100ml/min,所使用的光源为200W的氙灯,光波长为:380~780nm。用烟气检测仪检测剩余NO浓度,测得该吸附剂对NO的转化率达97.2%。
Claims (5)
1.一种基于巯基的高效吸附剂的应用,其特征在于:所述吸附剂进行脱硝的应用;
将巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷溶解在无水乙醇中,水浴条件下加入盐酸与水的混合物,反应生成溶胶;反应完成后,将所得溶胶在惰性气氛下加热使其凝胶化,经过研磨,制备得到吸附剂;加入盐酸与水的混合物时,控制巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷:H2O:HCl的摩尔比为1:60:0.1;
具体的脱硝应用方法为:
在光辅助-SCR脱硝装置的石英管中加入制备得到的吸附剂,NH3、NO、O2的初始浓度分别为:1000ppm、1000ppm、气体总流量的3%,空速为25000h-1,气体总流量控制在100ml/min,所使用的光源为200W的氙灯,光波长为:380~780nm,对NO进行脱硝处理。
2.如权利要求1所述的基于巯基的高效吸附剂的应用,其特征在于:水浴条件为30~50℃。
3.如权利要求1所述的基于巯基的高效吸附剂的应用,其特征在于:将巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷溶解在无水乙醇中时,控制巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷与无水乙醇的质量比为0.5~1:10~30。
4.如权利要求1所述的基于巯基的高效吸附剂的应用,其特征在于:所述的惰性气氛为氮气气氛、氦气气氛或氩气气氛。
5.如权利要求1所述的基于巯基的高效吸附剂的应用,其特征在于:加热采用程序升温模式,具体为60℃加热12h后、于120℃加热6h、再于150℃加热6h。
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CN102341463A (zh) * | 2009-03-13 | 2012-02-01 | 阿克佐诺贝尔化学国际公司 | 硅烷化二氧化硅水分散体 |
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CN86106689A (zh) * | 1985-09-25 | 1987-05-27 | 默克专利股份公司 | 球形二氧化硅粒子 |
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