CN106665221A - Dry rice seedling transplanting method - Google Patents

Dry rice seedling transplanting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106665221A
CN106665221A CN201611007280.4A CN201611007280A CN106665221A CN 106665221 A CN106665221 A CN 106665221A CN 201611007280 A CN201611007280 A CN 201611007280A CN 106665221 A CN106665221 A CN 106665221A
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rice
nursery
flyash
matrix
seedling
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CN106665221B (en
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冯学志
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XILINHOT SENHUA ECOLOGY CONSTRUCTION CO Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20Cereals
    • A01G22/22Rice

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a dry rice seedling transplanting method. The method is characterized by including the first step of seedling raising tray preparation, the second step of rice sowing and seedling raising, and the third step of rice seedling transplanting. The method has the advantages that by adopting the method, the rice yield can be increased; the survival rate of rice seedlings in dry land rice seedling transplanting can be guaranteed; rice seedling growth can be accelerated; water resources can be saved, and saved underground water or reservoir water can be used for dry-period irrigation; meanwhile, in dry land rice seedling transplanting, operation is convenient, and rice seedling transplanting efficiency is greatly improved; a coal ash matrix is used for seedling raising and has the advantages of low heavy metal content, high soil fertility, good breathability and high self-cleaning capacity, plant disease resistance can be improved by adopting the coal ash matrix which is beneficial to rice seedling production, and as the coal ash matrix contains no grass seed, the weeding issue is solved from the source; as the coal ash matrix is obtained by fermenting various wastes, on one hand, environmental pollution is reduced by fully utilizing the wastes, and on the other hand, the problem that soil is difficult to take for seedling raising is solved.

Description

A kind of Rice In Drought Rice Nursery rice transplanting method
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of rice transplanting method of paddy rice, more particularly to a kind of Rice In Drought Rice Nursery rice transplanting method.
Background technology:
The plantation of paddy rice includes two steps of nursery and rice transplanting, and traditional seedling cultivation of rice is usually in the shoveling of big field or takes mountain Skin soil is put into for rice paddy seed nursery in container for plant growth, is separated rice seedling or by rice seedling from seedlings nursing plate after the completion of nursery In extract, then, using Transplanting pattern rice transplanting in traditional water.There is following drawback in traditional paddy rice planting method:1st, it is guarantor When demonstrate,proving the rice seedling plant division water cutting after nursery, the matrix of rice shoot root is not scattered and smoothly completes rice transplanting in water, in nursery, phase The root between rice sprouts that borders on the river need to intersect and link together, and the matrix of root is fixed;So, the spacing in the rows between paddy rice is almost It is zero, is to meet rice seedling to ventilation and the demand of matrix provisions because spacing in the rows density is big, rice seedling is necessary before tiller Rice transplanting in water is completed, such seedling cultivation of rice time shortens, and the growth period of paddy rice is restricted, and then affect rice yield;2nd, adopt Use traditional approach rice transplanting, generally 5-6 strains rice shoot to be inserted in a strain cave, because main Zhi Midu is big in a strain cave, affect tiller, The branch that tiller goes out is few, and the yield of branch and premunition apparently higher than main, therefore will reduce rice yield;3rd, due to training The rice seedling root educated is linked together, and paddy rice will necessarily form certain damage in plant division water cutting to root, be guarantee The survival rate of rice shoot after rice transplanting, and slow seedling can normally produce at short notice, it is necessary to water cutting, but, water cutting inconvenient operation, Inefficiency;4th, traditional cultivation method is adopted, transplanting date typically part in may, now, climate condition affects, natural precipitation Amount is little, needs to consume a large amount of underground water, reservoir or lake water and is irrigated, and water consumption is big, waste water resource, while increasing plantation Cost;5th, the matrix used by nursery is in the shoveling of big field or takes mountain skin soil, and there is the difficulty that fetches earth, time-consuming, laborious, rice seedlings are easy to get The problem of disease, in addition, grass-seed is more during big field is cut the earth, later stage weeding need to be sprinkled into a large amount of herbicides, affect paddy quality.
The content of the invention:
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Rice In Drought Rice Nursery rice transplanting that easy to operate, paddy rice survival rate is high, rice yield is big Method.
The purpose of the present invention is implemented by following technical scheme, a kind of Rice In Drought Rice Nursery rice transplanting method, and it comprises the steps:(1) Prepare seedlings nursing plate;(2) rice growing nursery;(3) rice transplanting;Wherein,
(1) seedlings nursing plate is prepared:Multiple nursery caves are provided with seedlings nursing plate, adjacent nursery cave center distance in 2-4cm, The depth in the nursery cave can not be less than 2cm;The hole tray side wall in each nursery cave and hole tray bottom are provided with multiple logical Hole, and the joint face in the adjacent nursery cave is provided with line of cut.
(2) rice growing nursery:Enter bottom matrix in each nursery cave middle berth of the seedlings nursing plate, bottom matrix is thick Spend for 0.5-1cm, 1 rice paddy seed is then put into the bottom matrix in each nursery cave, then repave into upper strata base Matter, the thickness of overlayer matrix is completed after planting in 0.5-1cm, and routinely paddy seedling culture method is poured and cultivated, until rice seedling Complete tillering stage;
(3) rice transplanting:After rice seedling completes tillering stage, by each the described nursery cave on the seedlings nursing plate along described Line of cut is split, and inserts in field according to conventional rice transplanting distance, after the completion of rice transplanting, carries out watering Irrigation.
Alternatively, the bottom matrix and the overlayer matrix adopt flyash substrate, the flyash substrate include as The component of lower weight portion:Flyash 60-85 parts, excrement urine 5-10 part and brown Coal Solid Wastes 4-35 parts.
Alternatively, the water content of the flyash is 30-40%.
Alternatively, the flyash substrate is prepared as follows:The flyash, the excrement are urinated by weight proportion After liquid, the brown Coal Solid Wastes are well mixed, fermentation 15-20 days is stacked, you can obtain the flyash substrate, wherein, send out Ferment temperature control is at 25-40 DEG C.
It is an advantage of the current invention that:(1) the inventive method is adopted, during nursery, each nursery cave only has a plant, adjacent Distance between plant in 2-4cm, adjacent space between plants increase so that rice plant of tillering stage can be completed in nursery stage, therefore can be by Seedling raise period shifts to an earlier date, and delays transplanting time, extends the growth period of rice plant, the growth period more conventional Rice Cropping of rice plant Method can extend 20 days or so, in areal, can select the rice varieties of growth period length, improve rice yield;(2) present invention Method, every plant of rice shoot is individually present, and during rice transplanting, nursery cave is pressed directly into ground, will not injure rice shoot root, therefore does not exist Slow seedling problem, reduces rice shoot to environment and the demand of water, thereby it is ensured that nonirrigated farmland rice transplanting, the survival rate of rice shoot;(3) cave Pan Bi and bottom are provided with some through holes, and in root hydrotropism and in the presence of fertilizer, root is mushroomed out, through nursery cave Through hole, in extending into the soil in land for growing field crops, accelerates seedling growth;(4) only one of which master in each nursery cave, paddy rice branch has fills The tiller space of foot, the branch of tiller is more, greatly improves rice yield;(5) using nonirrigated farmland rice transplanting method, rice transplanting is entered in June OK, now close rainy season, the demand of paddy rice has been basically reached by natural precipitation, need the amount of underground water or reservoir water compared with Few, saving water resource, the underground water or reservoir water of saving can be used for drought period irrigation;Meanwhile, nonirrigated farmland rice transplanting is easy to operate, significantly Improve rice transplanting efficiency;(6) matrix used by nursery is flyash substrate, and it has, and content of beary metal is low, soil fertility is strong, ventilative The property strong advantage of good, self-purification capacity, using the flyash substrate plant disease-resistant power can be improved, and be conducive to rice shoot to produce, and powder Without grass-seed in coal ash matrix, weeding is solved the problems, such as from root;(7) flyash substrate is obtained using the fermentation of various discarded objects, On the one hand discarded object is made full use of, environmental pollution is reduced, on the other hand solves the problems, such as that nursery is fetched earth hardly possible.
Description of the drawings:
The structure chart of the seedlings nursing plate that Fig. 1 is provided for the present invention.
Description of the drawings is as follows:1st, seedlings nursing plate;2nd, nursery cave;3rd, line of cut.
Specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1:A kind of Rice In Drought Rice Nursery rice transplanting method, it comprises the steps:(1) seedlings nursing plate is prepared;(2) rice growing is educated Seedling;(3) rice transplanting;Wherein,
(1) seedlings nursing plate is prepared:Multiple nursery caves 2 are provided with seedlings nursing plate 1, the adjacent center distance of nursery cave 2 is educated in 2cm The depth in seedling cave 2 is 2cm;The hole tray side wall in each nursery cave 2 and hole tray bottom are provided with multiple through holes, and adjacent nursery cave Joint face be provided with line of cut 3.
(2) rice growing nursery:Enter bottom matrix in each middle berth of nursery cave 2 of seedlings nursing plate 1, bottom stromal thickness is 0.5cm, is then put into 1 rice paddy seed in the bottom matrix in each nursery cave 2, then repaves into overlayer matrix, upper strata base The thickness of matter is completed after planting in 0.5cm, and routinely paddy seedling culture method is poured and cultivated, until rice seedling completes tillering stage;
(3) rice transplanting:After rice seedling completes tillering stage, by each the nursery cave 2 on seedlings nursing plate 1 along 3 points of line of cut Cut off, insert in field according to conventional rice transplanting distance, after the completion of rice transplanting, carry out watering Irrigation.
Wherein, bottom matrix and overlayer matrix adopt flyash substrate, flyash substrate to include the component of following weight portion: 4 parts of 60 parts of flyash, 5 parts of excrement urine and brown Coal Solid Wastes, the water content of flyash is 30-40%.It is as follows Prepare:After being well mixed flyash, excrement urine, brown Coal Solid Wastes by as above part by weight, fermentation 15 days is stacked, you can Flyash substrate is obtained, wherein, fermentation temperature is controlled at 25-40 DEG C.
Embodiment 2:A kind of Rice In Drought Rice Nursery rice transplanting method, it comprises the steps:(1) seedlings nursing plate is prepared;(2) rice growing is educated Seedling;(3) rice transplanting;Wherein,
(1) seedlings nursing plate is prepared:Multiple nursery caves 2 are provided with seedlings nursing plate 1, the adjacent center distance of nursery cave 2 is educated in 4cm The depth in seedling cave 2 is 3cm;The hole tray side wall in each nursery cave 2 and hole tray bottom are provided with multiple through holes, and adjacent nursery cave Joint face be provided with line of cut 3.
(2) rice growing nursery:Enter bottom matrix in each middle berth of nursery cave 2 of seedlings nursing plate 1, bottom stromal thickness is 1cm, is then put into 1 rice paddy seed in the bottom matrix in each nursery cave 2, then repaves into overlayer matrix, overlayer matrix Thickness in 1cm, complete after planting, routinely paddy seedling culture method pour cultivate, until rice seedling completes tillering stage;
(3) rice transplanting:After rice seedling completes tillering stage, by each the nursery cave 2 on seedlings nursing plate 1 along 3 points of line of cut Cut off, insert in field according to conventional rice transplanting distance, after the completion of rice transplanting, carry out watering Irrigation.
Wherein, bottom matrix and overlayer matrix adopt flyash substrate, flyash substrate to include the component of following weight portion: 35 parts of 85 parts of flyash, 10 parts of excrement urine and brown Coal Solid Wastes, the water content of flyash is 30-40%.It is pressed such as lower section It is prepared by method:After being well mixed flyash, excrement urine, brown Coal Solid Wastes by as above part by weight, fermentation 20 days is stacked, i.e., Flyash substrate is obtained, wherein, fermentation temperature is controlled at 25-40 DEG C.
Embodiment 3:A kind of Rice In Drought Rice Nursery rice transplanting method, it comprises the steps:(1) seedlings nursing plate is prepared;(2) rice growing is educated Seedling;(3) rice transplanting;Wherein,
(1) seedlings nursing plate is prepared:Multiple nursery caves 2 are provided with seedlings nursing plate 1, the adjacent center distance of nursery cave 2 is educated in 3cm The depth in seedling cave 2 is 2.5cm;The hole tray side wall in each nursery cave 2 and hole tray bottom are provided with multiple through holes, and adjacent nursery The joint face in cave is provided with line of cut 3.
(2) rice growing nursery:Enter bottom matrix in each middle berth of nursery cave 2 of seedlings nursing plate 1, bottom stromal thickness is 1cm, is then put into 1 rice paddy seed in the bottom matrix in each nursery cave 2, then repaves into overlayer matrix, overlayer matrix Thickness in 0.5cm, complete after planting, routinely paddy seedling culture method pour cultivate, until rice seedling completes tillering stage;
(3) rice transplanting:After rice seedling completes tillering stage, by each the nursery cave 2 on seedlings nursing plate 1 along 3 points of line of cut Cut off, insert in field according to conventional rice transplanting distance, after the completion of rice transplanting, carry out watering Irrigation.
Wherein, bottom matrix and overlayer matrix adopt flyash substrate, flyash substrate to include the component of following weight portion: 20 parts of 70 parts of flyash, 8 parts of excrement urine and brown Coal Solid Wastes, the water content of flyash is 30-40%.It is as follows Prepare:After being well mixed flyash, excrement urine, brown Coal Solid Wastes by as above part by weight, fermentation 18 days is stacked, you can Flyash substrate is obtained, wherein, fermentation temperature is controlled at 25-40 DEG C.
Component-the flyash of flyash substrate is constituted in the present invention, is to receive to catch get off thin in the flue gas from after coal combustion Ash, is the primary solids waste of coal-burning power plant's discharge, and the main oxides of power plants flyash are consisted of:SiO2、 Al2O3, FeO, Fe2O3, CaO, TiO2 etc..Brown Coal Solid Wastes, are the discarded objects produced after brown coal mining, are mainly included: Carbonaceous grey mud stone, the 3rd be brownish red clay and the 4th be drift-sand etc..
Flyash substrate used by embodiment 1-3 has the advantage that:Contain humic acid, flyash in brown Coal Solid Wastes Middle to add after brown Coal Solid Wastes, humic acid passes through complexing and chelation with the heavy metal in flyash, after forming complex compound Heavy metal is cured, and will not be absorbed by crops, reduces the content of beary metal in agricultural product;Meanwhile, humic acid can increase Soil fertility, adjusts the pH value of soil to alkalescent, is conducive to plant growth;(2) it is useless by discharge current coal-burning power plant The fermented process of gurry flyash, excrement urine and brown Coal Solid Wastes mixing is prepared into that a kind of fertility is strong, good permeability, energy The bio-matrix for improveing barren soil is enough in, the renewable resource utilization of discarded object is realized, it is to avoid each discarded object is directly applied to After soil, the harmful effect to soil, and to pollution that empty gas and water is caused;(3) flyash and excrement urine are acted on, can be with Eliminate the stink of excrement urine, it is to avoid air is polluted;Meanwhile, flyash can improve fine coal under the effect of excrement urine The fertility of grey matrix;(4) flyash substrate good permeability, flyash, excrement urine mix with brown Coal Solid Wastes after through sending out Ferment, Substance Interactions so that flyash forms agglomerate kernel structure, obtained flyash substrate has good gas permeability; (5) contain a large amount of carbons in flyash, meanwhile, by fermentation after, produce a large amount of microorganisms in soil matrix, carbon with it is big Amount microorganism collective effect is in soil matrix so that the self-purification capacity of soil matrix is greatly enhanced;(6) flyash substrate can be direct For nursery, solve the problems, such as that nursery is fetched earth hardly possible, while rice shoot premunition can be improved;In addition, not having in flyash substrate Grass-seed, weeding is solved the problems, such as from root, without the need for applying herbicide, improves grain quality;(7) flyash substrate can also be direct Big Tanaka is layed in, for improveing lean soil.
Table 1 is respectively adopted traditional water cutting implantation methods (comparative example) and Rice In Drought Rice Nursery rice transplanting side of the present invention for Liaoning Province Qing Yuanxian Method (test example) parameters correction data.
Liaoning Province Qing Yuanxian Test example (100 mu) Comparative example (100 mu)
Rice growing season 145 days 126 days
Nursery stage 60 days or so 40 days or so
Transplanting time At the beginning of 6 months The first tenday period of a month in May
Rice transplanting efficiency 5 mu/day people 1 mu/day people
Rice yield 2000 pounds/acre 1500 pounds/acre
By upper table, it is apparent that the rice transplanting efficiency of Rice In Drought Rice Nursery rice transplanting method of the present invention is traditional water cutting implantation methods Five times of rice transplanting efficiency, are greatly improved using rice transplanting method rice transplanting efficiency of the present invention, meanwhile, per mu yield improves 500 jin or so.
It is more than the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art, Under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as this The protection domain of invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of paddy rice morning rice transplanting method, it is characterised in that it comprises the steps:(1) seedlings nursing plate is prepared;(2) rice growing Nursery;(3) rice transplanting;Wherein,
(1) seedlings nursing plate is prepared:Multiple nursery caves are provided with seedlings nursing plate, adjacent nursery cave center distance is described in 2-4cm The depth in nursery cave can not be less than 2cm;The hole tray side wall in each nursery cave and hole tray bottom are provided with multiple through holes, and The joint face in the adjacent nursery cave is provided with line of cut.
(2) rice growing nursery:Enter bottom matrix in each nursery cave middle berth of the seedlings nursing plate, bottom stromal thickness is 0.5-1cm, is then put into 1 rice paddy seed in the bottom matrix in each nursery cave, then repaves into overlayer matrix, on The thickness of layer matrix is completed after planting in 0.5-1cm, and routinely paddy seedling culture method is poured and cultivated, until rice seedling is completed Tillering stage;
(3) rice transplanting:After rice seedling completes tillering stage, by each the described nursery cave on the seedlings nursing plate along the cutting Line is split, and inserts in field according to conventional rice transplanting distance, after the completion of rice transplanting, carries out watering Irrigation.
2. a kind of Rice In Drought Rice Nursery rice transplanting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the bottom matrix and the upper strata Matrix adopts flyash substrate, the flyash substrate to include the component of following weight portion:Flyash 60-85 parts, excrement urine 5-10 parts and brown Coal Solid Wastes 4-35 parts.
3. a kind of paddy rice morning rice transplanting method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the water content of the flyash is 30-40%.
4. a kind of paddy rice morning rice transplanting method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the flyash substrate is by such as lower section It is prepared by method:After being by weight proportion well mixed the flyash, the excrement urine, the brown Coal Solid Wastes, stack and send out Ferment 15-20 days, you can obtain the flyash substrate, wherein, fermentation temperature is controlled at 25-40 DEG C.
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CN108184583A (en) * 2018-02-02 2018-06-22 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所 A kind of paddy seedling culture method for the inoculation of multi items rice seedling

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