CN106617092A - 一种防癌抗癌益生菌制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防癌抗癌益生菌制剂及其制备方法,该益生菌制剂包含益生菌、益生元、维生素,该益生菌制剂中各组分的含量分别如下:益生菌30~70份;益生元60~200份;膳食纤维400~600份;无水葡萄糖30~100份;维生素5~30份,将上述各组分依次置于无菌混合机内,混合均匀,制成胶囊,即得防癌抗癌益生菌制剂。与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:益生菌制剂能够有效抑制肠道内的炎性环境,提高肠内营养;本方法作为食疗治疗癌症和抗癌的方法,可以有效的配合医院常规治疗,减少放化疗对身体的毒性反应,提高身体免疫力,从而达到抗癌防癌效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种益生菌制剂领域,具体涉及一种防癌抗癌益生菌组合物及其制备方法。
技术背景
肝癌是全球常见的恶性肿瘤之一,发病率居所有肿瘤的第7位,病死率居第3位;在男性人群中,其发病率居第5位,病死率居第2位。目前,大部分早期肝癌可通过手术、射频消融和肝动脉化学疗法栓塞等方法治愈,但很多患者被发现时已处于肝癌晚期,同时对放射疗法和化学疗法缺乏敏感性,预后很差,因而研究肝癌与肠道微生态的关系可能是肝癌早期诊治的新策略。
肠道微生态紊乱促进肝癌进展。Fox等分别在致癌化合物和肝炎病毒转基因诱导的小鼠肝癌模型中发现,肠道微生态与肝癌形成风险密切相关,这一发现为肝癌风险评估和预防提供了理论支持。Dapito等率先指出,肠道微生态和TLR4通过增加肝脏有丝分裂原免疫调节的表达和阻碍凋亡来促进肝癌进展,而肠道无菌状态则有效抑制肝癌的发展,明显减少肝癌体积,这表明肠道微生态可作为晚期肝病向肝癌进展的治疗靶标。Zhang等在通过致癌化合物诱导的肝癌模型中发现了肠道微生态在肝癌发生、发展机制中的重要性,通过益生菌对肠道微生态进行适度调节,这可能成为一种新型的阻止肝癌进展的方法。随后,Yoshimoto等报道,在小鼠肝癌模型中,高脂肪饮食会增加肿瘤的发生概率。高脂肪饮食改变了肠道细菌的组成,导致"脱氧胆酸"生成增加,后者是微生物胆汁酸代谢的副产品,会造成DNA损伤。这些发现表明饮食、微生物群和癌症之间的复杂的机制性联系,也提示了以肠道微生态为作用靶点的新型治疗方法。然而,目前有关临床肝癌患者肠道微生态的变化还鲜见报道,是亟待研究的重要问题。
益生菌是一类对宿主有益的活性微生物,是定植于人体肠道、生殖系统内,能产生确切健康功效从而改善宿主微生态平衡、发挥有益作用的活性有益微生物的总称。当人体内有足够的益生菌时,人就会处于健康的状态,但是一旦体内菌群失去平衡,比如菌种间比例发生大幅变化或者超出正常数值时,那么腹泻、过敏、胃口不佳、疲倦、免疫力低等一系列病症就会随之而来,人体的健康就会亮红灯,而这时适当添加益生菌或益生元,协助体内菌群平衡,才能让人重现健康状态。
在正常情况下,成年人体内的有益菌群同有害菌群之间处于相对平衡状态。一旦平衡受到破坏,如服用抗生素、放疗、化疗、情绪压抑、身体衰弱、缺乏免疫力等等,就会导致双歧杆菌大量消亡,而有害细菌却大量繁殖,后果是,人体健康处于不佳状态:对疾病的抵抗力降低,产气荚膜梭茵等腐败细菌在肠道中分解食物残渣成分,产生氨、胺类、硫化氢、粪臭素、吲哚、亚硝酸盐、细菌毒素等有害物质,人体长期吸收会引起肠功能紊乱,导致便秘、腹泻、发育受阻、肝脏受损以及动脉硬化、胆固醇增加、血压升高、免疫力下降,甚至诱发癌症。
国内外学者报告双歧杆菌具有激活机体巨噬细胞或LAK细胞的吞噬活性,并产生一定量的细胸因子如TNF—α、INF—γ等可直接杀死肿瘤细胞。抑制肿瘤内血管形成,破坏肿瘤组织微血管,最终导致出血、坏死。双歧杆菌等生理性细菌可通过肿瘤细胞凋亡的表达的相关基因,诱导肿瘤细胞的凋亡而达到抑制肿瘤生长的作用。诱导肿瘤细胞的老化和异质化,以便促使机体内LAK和天噬细胞的识别和捕杀,达到清除肿瘤细胞的目的。可以增加机体对放疗的放射线的耐受性,改善放化疗患者的恶心、呕吐等胃肠道副作用。2015年一篇发表在Science杂志上的文章:Commensal Bifidobacterium promotes antitumorimmunity and facilitates anti-PD-L1 efficacy,揭示共生的双歧杆菌提高抗肿瘤免疫力,并且促进抗PD-L1肿瘤免疫疗法的效果。
由此可见益生菌对于人体的防癌抗癌具有十分重要的作用,但是目前市场上从益生菌出发制备的防癌抗癌的药物较少。
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明提供一种防癌抗癌益生菌制剂及其制备方法,通过食用益生菌制剂,对于易感人群具有防癌的效果,对于癌症患者,可以通过食疗抵抗癌症,达到防癌抗癌的效果,。
为实现上述目的本发明所采用的技术方案如下:
一种防癌抗癌益生菌制剂,该益生菌制剂包含益生菌、益生元、膳食纤维、无水葡萄糖、维生素。
进一步,该益生菌制剂各成分的质量分数为:益生菌5%~7%;益生元10%~20%;膳食纤维60%~75%;无水葡萄糖5%~10%;维生素1%~3%。
进一步,上述益生菌为乳双歧杆菌、长双歧杆菌、青春双歧杆菌、婴儿双歧杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、唾液乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、瑞士乳杆菌、短乳酸杆菌中的三种或者三种种以上混合而成;其中,益生菌活菌量为109~1011CFU/g。
进一步,上述益生菌为嗜酸乳杆菌、乳双歧杆菌、长双歧杆菌、青春双歧杆菌混合而成。
进一步,上述益生元为低聚果糖、低聚乳果糖、低聚半乳糖中的任一种或两种混合而成。
进一步,上述益生元为低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖混合而成。
进一步,上述维生素为维生素B1、维生素B12、维生素D2、维生素D3、维生素A、维生素C、维生素E中的任意四种或者四种以上混合而成。
进一步,上述维生素为维生素A、维生素B1、维生素C、维生素E混合而成。
进一步,上述膳食纤维为低聚木糖、苹果果胶、柚皮果胶、蓝莓果胶中任意两种或者两种以上混合而成。
一种制备上述益生菌制剂的方法,包括如下步骤:
1)按配方量将益生菌、益生元、膳食纤维、无水葡萄糖、维生素依次置于无菌混合机内,混合均匀;
2)使用全自动胶囊充填机充填步骤1)完成后的混合物,填充好的肠溶胶囊使用胶囊抛光机清除吸附在胶囊外壁上的细粉,使胶囊光洁,无菌下包装。
双歧杆菌和乳酸菌等有益细菌则在抑制人体有害细菌的生长繁殖,抵抗病原茵的感染,合成人体需要的维生素,促进人体对矿物质的吸收,产生醋酸、丙酸、丁酸和乳酸等有机酸刺激肠道蠕动,促进排便,防止便秘以及抑制肠道腐败作用、净化肠道环境、分解致癌物质、刺激人体免疫系统,从而提高抗病能力、降低血液胆固醇、延缓衰老等方面有着重要作用。大凡肠道中双歧杆菌多的人身体比较健康,而腐败细菌多的人,身体衰弱多病。因此可以说,肠道中双歧杆菌的多少,是判断人体健康的晴雨表。
双歧杆菌有体内结合黄曲霉素能力。此外双歧杆菌可以与亚硝酸胺或亚硝基胍等诱导剂发生结合,掩盖诱变剂的活性基因,或使诱变剂活性基因降解,致其推动活性。双歧杆菌与烟熏肉或油炸食品诱变原具有高吸附性,从而保护机体细胞免受这些致癌物质损害。双歧杆菌可通过调整肠道正常菌群,抑制肠道许多腐败菌生长,从而减少一些致癌物质产生,从而大大降低了消化道癌症的发生率。
膳食纤维是是一种多糖。可溶性膳食纤维在胃肠道内和淀粉等碳水化合物交织在一起,并延缓后者的吸收;不可溶性膳食纤维可促进人体胃肠道蠕动,加快食物通过胃肠道,减少吸收;大肠中的不可溶性纤维还可以吸收水分软化大便,从而防治便秘。
相比现有技术,本发明的有益效果在于:
1.本发明所述的益生菌制剂针对癌症易感人群和癌症患者,对于易感人群具有防癌的效果,对于癌症患者,可以配合现有的医疗手段,进行癌症的食疗;
2.除益生菌外,本发明还添加了益生元、膳食纤维、无水葡萄糖、维生素等物质作为补充,可有效改善益生菌定植环境,增强益生菌抗癌效果;
3.本发明最终制备的益生菌制剂混合物将以肠溶胶囊为载体,克服了益生菌食用后经胃酸、胆汁等极端环境后到达肠道定植的低活菌率,从而利于益生菌发挥肠道保健作用。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施方式对本发明作进一步详细说明。
实施例1
一种防癌抗癌益生菌制剂,该益生菌制剂包含益生菌、益生元、膳食纤维、无水葡萄糖、维生素,该益生菌制剂各组分的含量分别如下:嗜酸乳杆菌、乳双歧杆菌、长双歧杆菌、青春双歧杆菌(重量比1:1:1:1)750g;低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖(重量比1:1)1350g;低聚木糖、苹果果胶(重量比1:1)9500g;无水葡萄糖1050g;维生素A、维生素B1、维生素C、维生素E(重量比1:1:1:1)350g;
通过以下方法制备而成:
1)按配方量将嗜酸乳杆菌、长双歧杆菌、乳双歧杆菌、青春双歧杆菌、低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖、低聚木糖、苹果果胶、无水葡萄糖维生素A、维生素B1、维生素C、维生素E依次置于无菌混合机内,混合均匀;
2)使用全自动胶囊充填机充填步骤1)完成后的混合物,填充好的肠溶胶囊使用胶囊抛光机清除吸附在胶囊外壁上的细粉,使胶囊光洁,无菌下包装。
将上述制备的防癌抗癌益生菌制剂进行一系列实验和测试。
1、益生菌计数
将装好的5g的益生菌胶囊用5ml的无菌水溶解,取出100μL,用无菌水稀释10-8,取出3份稀释后的100μL益生菌溶液,分别加入3个琼脂糖培养皿中,进行益生菌的计数,计数方法参照GB 4789.2-2010,各益生菌活菌平均数如表1所示。
表1益生菌活菌数
活菌名称 | 稀释度 | 平均数 | 检测结果(CFU) |
青春双歧杆菌 | 10-8 | 18 | 1.8×109 |
乳双歧杆菌 | 10-8 | 20 | 2×109 |
长双歧杆菌 | 10-8 | 115 | 1.15×1010 |
嗜酸乳杆菌 | 10-8 | 53 | 5.3×109 |
注:菌落形成单位(CFU,Colony-Forming Units)指单位体积中的活菌个数;
稀释度:益生菌用无菌水稀释的倍数;
平均数:3个琼脂培养皿中,每种益生菌的平均克隆数。
2、杀瘤实验
1)实验将Hep G2细胞、收集,计数;
2)用对应的培养基调整细胞数量为4000cell/200ul,铺于96孔板中,共铺3个孔;将5g的益生菌溶解于5ml无菌水中,取5μL、10μL、20μL无菌水溶解的益生菌,分别加入三孔中,37℃培养箱中培养2小时;
2)向每孔中加入20μLMTT溶液,放于37℃孵育;
3)观察是否有甲瓒生成,向每孔中加入100μL三联液,于37℃孵育过夜;
4)第二天早上于酶标仪OD595检测其吸光度,进行数据处理。
注:MTT全称3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐,3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide,商品名:噻唑蓝,是一种黄颜色的染料。活细胞线粒体中琥珀酸脱氢酶能够代谢还原MTT,同时在细胞色素C的作用下,生成蓝色(或蓝紫色)不溶于水的甲臜(Formazan),甲臜的多少可以用酶标仪在570nm处进行测定。在通常情况下,甲臜生成量与活细胞数成正比,因此可根据光密度OD值推测出活细胞的数目。由于死细胞中不含琥珀酸脱氢酶,因此加入MTT不会有反应。
如图1所示为不同浓度的益生菌对Hep G2细胞的抑制率,从图中可以看到随着益生菌加入量的增加对Hep G2细胞的抑制率越高。
3、裸鼠动物实验
1)培养Hep G2细胞,制成细胞悬液,用生理盐水调整细胞浓度为5*107cells/ml;
2)用6号针头的注射器取适量细胞悬液注射于裸鼠的皮下,每个接种部位注射0.2ml;
3)4周后观察到裸鼠成瘤,并记录裸鼠的重量,成瘤大小;
4)将裸鼠分成4组,第一组是空白对照组,喂食裸鼠纯水;第二组为低剂量组,喂食裸鼠益生菌剂量为25mg/kg;第三组为中剂量组,喂食裸鼠益生菌剂量为50mg/kg;第四组为高剂量组,喂食裸鼠益生菌剂量为100mg/kg;
5)连续喂食7天后,检查裸鼠肿瘤情况。
表2荷瘤裸鼠摄入益生菌结果评估表
上表表明,服用益生菌的荷瘤裸鼠,肿瘤得到明显控制。
4、肝癌患者实验
招募10名肝癌的患者,连续30天服用益生菌,服用剂量为10g/Day。抽取患者的外周血,用ELISA方法检测使用前后病人的CEA值(肿瘤指标)。
表3 10例服用益生菌病人外周血CEA值
从表中可以看出,服用防癌抗癌益生菌制剂后,病人的CEA值均降低,说明该防癌抗癌益生菌制可以减轻癌症患者的病症。
实施例2
一种防癌抗癌益生菌制剂,该益生菌制剂包含益生菌、益生元、膳食纤维、无水葡萄糖、维生素,该益生菌制剂各组分的含量分别如下:婴儿双歧杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌、唾液乳杆菌(重量比2:1:1)1050g;低聚半乳糖1500g;低聚木糖、柚皮果胶(重量比3:1)10500g;无水葡萄糖1500g;维生素B12、维生素D2、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素C(重量比1:2:1:3)450g。
通过以下方法制备而成:
1)按配方量将婴儿双歧杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌、唾液乳杆菌、低聚半乳糖、低聚木糖、柚皮果胶、无水葡萄糖1500g、维生素B12、维生素D2、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素C依次置于无菌混合机内,混合均匀;
2)使用全自动胶囊充填机充填步骤1)完成后的混合物,填充好的肠溶胶囊使用胶囊抛光机清除吸附在胶囊外壁上的细粉,使胶囊光洁,无菌下包装。
实施例3
一种防癌抗癌益生菌制剂,该益生菌制剂包含益生菌、益生元、膳食纤维、无水葡萄糖、维生素,该益生菌制剂各组分的含量分别如下:植物乳杆菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、瑞士乳杆菌、短乳酸杆菌(重量比1:1:1:2:2)750g;低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖(重量比1:2)2250g;低聚木糖、苹果果胶、蓝莓果胶(重量比2:1:1)11250g;无水葡萄糖600g;维生素A、维生素D2、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素C(重量比1:2:1:1)150g。
通过以下方法制备而成:
按配方量将植物乳杆菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、瑞士乳杆菌、短乳酸杆菌、低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖、低聚木糖、苹果果胶、蓝莓果胶、无水葡萄糖、维生素A、维生素D2、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素C依次置于无菌混合机内,混合均匀;
2)使用全自动胶囊充填机充填步骤1)完成后的混合物,填充好的肠溶胶囊使用胶囊抛光机清除吸附在胶囊外壁上的细粉,使胶囊光洁,无菌下包装。
上述实施方式仅为本发明的优选实施方式,不能以此来限定本发明保护的范围,本领域的技术人员在发明的基础上所做的任何非实质性的变化及替换均属于本发明所要求保护的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种防癌抗癌的益生菌制剂,其特征在于,益生菌制剂包括益生菌、益生元、膳食纤维、无水葡萄糖、维生素。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防癌抗癌的益生菌制剂,其特征在于,所述益生菌制剂各成分的质量分数为:益生菌5%~7%;益生元10%~20%;膳食纤维70%~75%;无水葡萄糖5%~10%;维生素1%~3%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种防癌抗癌的益生菌制剂,其特征在于,所述益生菌为乳双歧杆菌、长双歧杆菌、青春双歧杆菌、婴儿双歧杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、唾液乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、瑞士乳杆菌、短乳酸杆菌中的三种或者三种以上混合而成;其中,益生菌活菌量为109~1011CFU/g。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种防癌抗癌的益生菌制剂,其特征在于,所述益生菌为嗜酸乳杆菌、乳双歧杆菌、长双歧杆菌、青春双歧杆菌混合而成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种防癌抗癌的益生菌制剂,其特征在于,所述益生元为低聚果糖、低聚乳果糖、低聚半乳糖中的任一种或两种混合而成。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种防癌抗癌的益生菌制剂,其特征在于,所述益生元为低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖混合而成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种防癌抗癌的益生菌制剂,其特征在于,所述维生素为维生素B1、维生素B12、维生素D2、维生素D3、维生素A、维生素C、维生素E中的任意四种或者四种以上混合而成。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种防癌抗癌的益生菌制剂,其特征在于,所述维生素为维生素A、维生素B1、维生素C、维生素E混合而成。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种防癌抗癌的益生菌制剂,其特征在于,所述膳食纤维为低聚木糖、苹果果胶、柚皮果胶、蓝莓果胶中任意两种或者两种以上混合而成。
10.一种制备权利要求1-9任一所述的益生菌制剂的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
1)按配方量将益生菌、益生元、膳食纤维、无水葡萄糖、维生素依次置于无菌混合机内,混合均匀;
2)使用全自动胶囊充填机充填步骤1)完成后的混合物,填充好的肠溶胶囊使用胶囊抛光机清除吸附在胶囊外壁上的细粉,使胶囊光洁,无菌下包装。
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