CN106565256A - 一种铝电解槽用干式防渗料 - Google Patents
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052664 nepheline Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010434 nepheline Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000481 chemical toxicant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004347 surface barrier Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种铝电解槽用干式防渗料，其特征在于其防渗料的质量配比为：焦宝石45％‐60％，粉煤灰25％‐40％，选自生石灰、镁砂、石英以及铝酸钙水泥中的一种或多种的添加剂5％‐20％。本发明的铝电解槽用干式防渗料具有超强的抗电解质渗透能力，导热系数低，可有效降低电解槽底部散热，延长电解槽寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种铝电解槽用干式防渗料。
背景技术
铝电解槽是铝电解生产的主体设备，铝电解槽用耐火材料在高温下会被从阴极炭块渗透下来的电解质熔盐或气态的Na+、NaF等侵蚀，导致耐火材料层结构被破坏，或者更进一步渗透最终导致电解槽漏炉，被迫停槽大修。电解槽的大修费用分摊是电解铝成本的重要组成部分，在现代铝电解工业中，电解槽大修费用分摊可占原铝总成本的1％以上。
粉煤灰是我国当前排量较大的工业废渣之一，随着电力工业的发展，燃煤电厂的粉煤灰排放量逐年增加。大量的粉煤灰不加处理，就会产生扬尘，污染大气；若排入水系会造成河流淤塞，而其中的有毒化学物质还会对人体和生物造成危害。我国火电厂粉煤灰的氧化物组成为:SiO2、Al2O3及少量的FeO、Fe2O3、CaO、MgO、SO3、TiO2等。而一般防渗料的主要原料焦宝石是比较优质的资源，价格相对较高，其主要化学成分是Al2O3和SiO2两种氧化物，杂质主要为碱、碱土和铁、钛等的氧化物。本发明中用粉煤灰代替一部分焦宝石，降低成本同时废物得到很好的利用，大大降低了环境的负荷。
粉煤灰化学成分分析表
发明内容
本发明的目的就是针对上述已有技术存在的不足，提供一种具有超强的抗电解质渗透能力，导热系数低，可有效降低电解槽底部散热，延长电解槽寿命的铝电解槽用干式防渗料。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案实现的。
一种铝电解槽用干式防渗料，其特征在于其防渗料的质量配比为：焦宝石45％‐60％，粉煤灰25％‐40％，选自生石灰、镁砂、石英以及铝酸钙水泥中的一种或多种的添加剂5％‐20％。
本发明的一种铝电解槽用干式防渗料，其特征在于所述的防渗料的粒度配比为：粒度为5‐3mm的骨料为10％‐25％，粒度为3‐1mm的骨料为10％‐30％，粒度为1‐0.05mm的颗粒料为10％‐25％，0.05mm以下的粉料30％‐50％。
本发明的一种铝电解槽用干式防渗料，其特征在于所述的防渗料中的粉煤灰为0.05mm以下的粉料。
本发明的一种铝电解槽用干式防渗料，能与熔融电解质及气态的Na+、NaF等接触时快速形成一层致密的防渗阻挡层，能很好的阻止电解质及气态的Na+、NaF等继续渗透，且阻挡层下面防渗料的反应，保持松散，有非常好的整体性和体积稳定性，从而避免传统的筑槽方式造成熔体渗透‐冷却‐收缩‐裂缝这样周而复始的恶性循环。
本发明的铝电解槽用干式防渗料具有超强的抗电解质渗透能力，导热系数低，可有效降低电解槽底部散热，延长电解槽寿命。
具体实施方式
一种铝电解槽用干式防渗料，防渗料质量配比为：焦宝石45％‐60％，粉煤灰25％‐40％，生石灰、镁砂、石英以及铝酸钙水泥中的一种或多种5％‐20％。本发明的干式防渗料，是由颗粒细粉混合而成的干式防渗料，它的粒度配比为：粒度为5‐3mm的骨料10‐25％，粒度为3‐1mm的骨料10‐30％，粒度为1‐0.05mm的颗粒料10‐25％，0.05mm以下的粉料30‐50％。
实施例1
按照质量比进行配比：焦宝石50份，粉煤灰40份，添加剂生石灰5份、石英5份。粒度配比为：粒度为5‐3mm的20％，粒度为3‐1mm的15％，粒度为1‐0.05mm的10％，0.05mm以下的粉料55％。在电解槽耐火材料表面铺设一层上述干式防渗料层，当冰晶石或气态的Na+、NaF渗透到阴极碳块以下后，与干式防渗料反应在其表面形成一层致密的玻璃状霞石阻挡层，从而阻止液体电解质的继续渗透。阻挡层下面防渗料的反应，保持松散，整体性和体积稳定性好。
实施例2
按照质量比进行配比：焦宝石60份，粉煤灰33份，添加剂镁砂5份、铝酸钙水泥2份。粒度配比为：粒度为5‐3mm的25％，粒度为3‐1mm的20％，粒度为1‐0.05mm的15％，0.05mm以下的粉料40％。在电解槽耐火材料表面铺设一层上述干式防渗料层，当冰晶石或气态的Na+、NaF渗透到阴极碳块以下后，与干式防渗料反应在其表面形成一层致密的玻璃状霞石阻挡层，从而阻止液体电解质的继续渗透。阻挡层下面防渗料的反应，保持松散，整体性和体积稳定性好。
实施例3
按照质量比进行配比：焦宝石53份，粉煤灰38份，添加剂镁砂4份，石英5份。骨料磨料筛分，粒度为5‐3mm的23％，粒度为3‐1mm的18％，粒度为1‐0.05mm的16％，0.05mm以下的粉料43％。在电解槽耐火材料表面铺设一层上述干式防渗料层，当冰晶石或气态的Na+、NaF渗透到阴极碳块以下后，与干式防渗料反应在其表面形成一层致密的玻璃状霞石阻挡层，从而阻止液体电解质的继续渗透。阻挡层下面防渗料的反应，保持松散，整体性和体积稳定性好。
本发明采用了优选的配方和合理的颗粒级配，下表是本发明防渗料性能指标与现有的行业标准的比较。
从上表中可以看出，本发明产品性能远优于行业标准要求，尤其是关键的抗电解质侵蚀性能是行业标准的3倍以上。
Claims (3)
1.一种铝电解槽用干式防渗料，其特征在于其防渗料的质量配比为：焦宝石45％‐60％，粉煤灰25％‐40％，选自生石灰、镁砂、石英以及铝酸钙水泥中的一种或多种的添加剂5％‐20％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种铝电解槽用干式防渗料，其特征在于所述的防渗料的粒度配比为：粒度为5‐3mm的骨料为10％‐25％，粒度为3‐1mm的骨料为10％‐30％，粒度为1‐0.05mm的颗粒料为10％‐25％，0.05mm以下的粉料30％‐50％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种铝电解槽用干式防渗料，其特征在于所述的防渗料中的粉煤灰为0.05mm以下的粉料。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110511044A (zh) * | 2018-05-21 | 2019-11-29 | 济源市涟源炉业有限公司 | 一种防渗浇注料及其制备方法 |
| CN109265183A (zh) * | 2018-08-23 | 2019-01-25 | 安徽瑞泰新材料科技有限公司 | 一种防渗浇注料 |
| CN109265183B (zh) * | 2018-08-23 | 2021-06-08 | 安徽瑞泰新材料科技有限公司 | 一种防渗浇注料 |
| CN110342945A (zh) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-10-18 | 新疆天山建材集团耐火材料有限责任公司 | 一种干式防渗料及其制备方法 |
| CN110723956A (zh) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-24 | 海城利尔麦格西塔材料有限公司 | 一种铝电解槽干式料及其制备方法 |
| CN111072393A (zh) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-04-28 | 内蒙古风光源节能环保科技有限公司 | 一种适用于铝电解槽的环保型干式防渗料 |
| CN111072393B (zh) * | 2019-11-05 | 2022-02-15 | 内蒙古风光源节能环保科技有限公司 | 一种适用于铝电解槽的环保型干式防渗料 |
| CN114988892A (zh) * | 2022-05-21 | 2022-09-02 | 郑州大学 | 一种利用大修渣熟料制备干式防渗料的方法 |
| CN114988892B (zh) * | 2022-05-21 | 2023-04-11 | 郑州大学 | 一种利用大修渣熟料制备干式防渗料的方法 |
| CN116969772A (zh) * | 2023-07-06 | 2023-10-31 | 中铝郑州有色金属研究院有限公司 | 铝电解槽内衬材料及其制备方法、铝电解槽 |
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