CN106560023A - Wheat breeding method - Google Patents
Wheat breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106560023A CN106560023A CN201610837942.4A CN201610837942A CN106560023A CN 106560023 A CN106560023 A CN 106560023A CN 201610837942 A CN201610837942 A CN 201610837942A CN 106560023 A CN106560023 A CN 106560023A
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- wheat
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- seed
- alkali
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- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000040710 Chela Species 0.000 claims 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiamine Natural products CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012149 noodles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019157 thiamine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiamine Chemical compound CC1=C(CCO)SCN1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011721 thiamine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013522 vodka Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/06—Processes for producing mutations, e.g. treatment with chemicals or with radiation
Abstract
The invention discloses a wheat breeding method. According to the present invention, the quality traits of varieties are substantially ensured by selecting excellent varieties, saline-alkali-resistant wheat plants are selected by watering saline-alkali water at multiple key stages of wheat growth, cold-resistant wheat plants are bred through cold water treatment, continuous selfing is performed to obtain the saline-alkali-resistant and cold-resistant variety having the stable trait, and then the germination rate and the transplanting survival rate are substantially improved through the reasonable design of a seedling raising method so as to maximize the population yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of wheat breeding, and in particular to a kind of method for breeding wheat.
Background technology
Wheat is the general designation of wheat system plant, is a kind of in the extensive grass of plantation all over the world, the grain husk of wheat
Fruit is one of staple food of the mankind, wears into and can make after flour the foods such as bread, steamed bun, biscuit, noodles；Beer is can be made into after fermentation
Wine, alcohol, vodka, or raw matter fuel.Wheat is rich in starch, protein, fat, mineral matter, calcium, iron, thiamine, core yellow
Element, nicotinic acid, vitamin A and vitamin C etc..Wheat is the important cereal crops of China, and it is total that yield and consumption figure account for national grain
A big chunk of amount, is the staple food of northern China resident, and very important status is occupied in agricultural production and national economy.
The lasting reduction of the national conditions and soil had a large population and a few land due to China, wheat imbalance between supply and demand is increasingly projected.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, the invention provides a kind of method for breeding wheat, by the improvement of breeding method, obtains
Wheat with cold resistance, Saline alkali tolerance and disease resistance, while the appropriate design for passing through method for culturing seedlings, substantially increases germination percentage
And transplanting survival rate, so that population yield has reached maximum.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme taken of the present invention is：
A kind of method for breeding wheat, comprises the steps：
S1, from suitable local plantation, Resistant, tiller is weak, anti-fall, fringe is big, the high-quality that setting percentage is high, high-yield variety are made
It is that wheat male parent and wheat female parent are hybridized, obtains cross combination F1 generation seed；
S2, under saline and alkaline planting conditions, using the F1 generation seed selfing of gained, and therefrom select with Salt And Alkali Tolerance proterties
17～18 DEG C of 20 centimetres of deep cooling water process of wheat plant are planted after 10 days in land for growing field crops continued growth to maturity period, are chosen cold-resistant
Property plant selfing 10 more than generation obtains the cold-resistant wheat hybridizing kind of the stable Salt And Alkali Tolerance of proterties；
S3, with helium as working media, in vacuum sealing environment, under the processing power of 50～350W to step S2 gained
The unionized width that carries out 15～20 seconds of wheat seed penetrate process；
After S4, process terminate, the seed of gained is placed in into seed soaking agent and soaks 20～40min, the seed soaking agent is by following heavy
The raw material of amount part is prepared from：3～6 parts of multi-effect mycin, 3～5 parts of carbendazim, 100 times of EM former dews, 10～20 parts of dilution, chlorination
0.2～0.5 part of calcium, 0.1～0.3 part of manganese sulfate, 0.05～0.15 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate；
S5, take 30～40 parts of crushed crude pearlite, 8～10 parts of vinegar grain, 18～22 parts of powder of straw, 0.5～0.9 part of phosphate fertilizer, amino
Acid 2～3 parts of calcium of chelating, 1～2 part of sucrose, 0.5～1.5 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2～0.4 part of urea, culturing pool mud 15～
Add water after 23 parts of mixing and stirrings so as to which water content is stirred 20～40 minutes up to 60%～70%, pH controls 7.0～
7.5, crush, obtain nursery soil；
S6, the seedling bed being made up of the nursery groove of some 8 × 10cm is built in booth, and filled in each nursery groove
Nursery soil, after the completion of filling, on nursery soil the air-vent at multiple direct through groove bottoms is beaten, according to kilogram/square metre of dry kind 0.7 or
The application rate of kilogram/square metre of bud kind 0.9 is sowed, uniformly after planting, then in one layer of paper with air-vent of upper covering；
S7, on the paper with air-vent 0.5～0.7 part of modified gypsum is sprinkled, the modified gypsum is by lime, fine coal
Ash and ardealite are bound up, and then rewater, and irrigation amount is 0.7～1.3 kilogram/square metre, are then covered by one layer of moisturizing ground
Film, pours a Liquid Fertilizer in the 7th～11 day after tidy seedlings output, pours a Liquid Fertilizer after 7～11 days again, and each dose is 12～20
Gram/m, carry out conventional seedbed system management.
Preferably, the saline and alkaline planting conditions include：Before sowing F1 generation seed, wheat period of seedling establishment and wheat during jointing stage,
Respectively into wheat planting district pour saline-alkali water is to saline-alkali water 1～5cm above ground level and keeps certain hour, every liter of saline-alkali water
Comprising 25.276 grams of sodium chloride, 3.16 grams of magnesium chloride, 2.148 grams of magnesium sulfate, 1.143 grams of calcium chloride, 0.169 gram of sodium acid carbonate,
0.713 gram of potassium chloride.
Preferably, the Salt And Alkali Tolerance proterties includes any three kinds in following proterties：
Wheat seed：Long awns, white shell and white grain；
Plant height：65～85cm；
Yield and its component：Grain number per spike 35～45,45～55g of mass of 1000 kernel, fecundity is good；Yield：485～545kg/
Mu.
Preferably, the criterion of cold resistance is：When wheat relative setting rate to be identified is more than 60%, or relative fringe yield
More than 40%.
Preferably, the mass ratio when lime, flyash and ardealite are blended is 2-3.5: 13-20: 76-84.
Preferably, the culturing pool mud is the mud in fish, shrimp, crab seawater aquaculturing pond, and water content is 10～20%,
Particle diameter is 1～4 millimeter.
Preferably, the particle diameter of the nursery soil is less than 5mm.
Preferably, during transplanting, transplant together with nursery soil.
The invention has the advantages that：
By the improvement of breeding method, the wheat with cold resistance, Saline alkali tolerance and disease resistance is obtained, while by educating
The appropriate design of seedling-growing method, substantially increases germination percentage and transplanting survival rate, so that population yield has reached maximum.
Specific embodiment
In order that objects and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, the present invention is carried out further with reference to embodiments
Describe in detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is not used to limit this only to explain the present invention
It is bright.
The standard that Salt And Alkali Tolerance proterties judges in following examples includes any three kinds in following proterties：Wheat seed：It is long
Awns, white shell and white grain；Plant height：65～85cm；Yield and its component：Grain number per spike 35～45,45～55g of mass of 1000 kernel is solid
Property is good；Yield：485～545kg/ mus；The criterion of cold resistance is：When wheat relative setting rate to be identified is more than 60%, or
With respect to fringe yield more than 40%；The mass ratio when lime, flyash and ardealite are blended is 2-3.5: 13-20: 76-84；
The culturing pool mud for being used is the mud in fish, shrimp, crab seawater aquaculturing pond, and water content is 10～20%, and particle diameter is 1～4
Millimeter；The particle diameter of the nursery soil is less than 5mm.The saline and alkaline planting conditions include：Before sowing F1 generation seed, wheat period of seedling establishment
And wheat during jointing stage, saline-alkali water is respectively poured into wheat planting district to saline-alkali water 1～5cm above ground level and a timing is kept
Between, every liter of saline-alkali water includes 25.276 grams of sodium chloride, 3.16 grams of magnesium chloride, 2.148 grams of magnesium sulfate, 1.143 grams of calcium chloride, carbonic acid
0.169 gram of hydrogen sodium, 0.713 gram of potassium chloride.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method for breeding wheat, comprises the steps：
S1, from suitable local plantation, Resistant, tiller is weak, anti-fall, fringe is big, the high-quality that setting percentage is high, high-yield variety are made
It is that wheat male parent and wheat female parent are hybridized, obtains cross combination F1 generation seed；
S2, under saline and alkaline planting conditions, using the F1 generation seed selfing of gained, and therefrom select with Salt And Alkali Tolerance proterties
17 DEG C of 20 centimetres of deep cooling water process of wheat plant are planted after 10 days in land for growing field crops continued growth to maturity period, are chosen cold resistance and are planted
Strain selfing 10 more than generation obtains the cold-resistant wheat hybridizing kind of the stable Salt And Alkali Tolerance of proterties；
S3, with helium as working media, in vacuum sealing environment, to little obtained by step S2 under the processing power of 80W
The unionized width that Wheat Seeds are carried out 15 seconds penetrates process；
After S4, process terminate, the seed of gained is placed in into seed soaking agent immersion 40min, the seed soaking agent is by following weight portion
Raw material be prepared from：3 parts of multi-effect mycin, 3 parts of carbendazim, 100 times of EM former dews, 10 parts of dilution, 0.2 part of calcium chloride, manganese sulfate
0.1 part, 0.05 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate；
S5, take 30 parts of crushed crude pearlite, 8 parts of vinegar grain, 18 parts of powder of straw, 0.5 part of phosphate fertilizer, 2 parts of amino acid chelated calcium, sucrose 1
Add water after part, 0.5 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2 part of urea, 15 parts of mixing and stirrings of culturing pool mud so as to which water content reaches
60%, to stir 20 minutes, pH controls are crushed 7.0, obtain nursery soil；
S6, the seedling bed being made up of the nursery groove of some 8 × 10cm is built in booth, and filled in each nursery groove
Nursery soil, after the completion of filling, on nursery soil the air-vent at multiple direct through groove bottoms is beaten, according to kilogram/square metre of dry kind 0.7 or
The application rate of kilogram/square metre of bud kind 0.9 is sowed, uniformly after planting, then in one layer of paper with air-vent of upper covering；
S7, sprinkle on the paper with air-vent 0.5 part of modified gypsum, the modified gypsum by lime, flyash and
Ardealite is bound up, and then rewaters, and irrigation amount is 0.7 kilogram/square metre, is then covered by one layer of moisturizing mulch film, tidy seedlings output
Pour a Liquid Fertilizer within the 7th day afterwards, pour a Liquid Fertilizer after 7 days again, each dose is 12 grams/m, carries out conventional seedbed system
Management, during transplanting, transplants together with nursery soil.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method for breeding wheat, comprises the steps：
S1, from suitable local plantation, Resistant, tiller is weak, anti-fall, fringe is big, the high-quality that setting percentage is high, high-yield variety are made
It is that wheat male parent and wheat female parent are hybridized, obtains cross combination F1 generation seed；
S2, under saline and alkaline planting conditions, using the F1 generation seed selfing of gained, and therefrom select with Salt And Alkali Tolerance proterties
18 DEG C of 20 centimetres of deep cooling water process of wheat plant are planted after 10 days in land for growing field crops continued growth to maturity period, are chosen cold resistance and are planted
Strain selfing 10 more than generation obtains the cold-resistant wheat hybridizing kind of the stable Salt And Alkali Tolerance of proterties；
S3, with helium as working media, in vacuum sealing environment, to little obtained by step S2 under the processing power of 200W
The unionized width that Wheat Seeds are carried out 15 seconds penetrates process；
After S4, process terminate, the seed of gained is placed in into seed soaking agent immersion 20min, the seed soaking agent is by following weight portion
Raw material be prepared from：6 parts of multi-effect mycin, 5 parts of carbendazim, 100 times of EM former dews, 20 parts of dilution, 0.5 part of calcium chloride, manganese sulfate
0.3 part, 0.15 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate；
S5, take 40 parts of crushed crude pearlite, 10 parts of vinegar grain, 22 parts of powder of straw, 0.9 part of phosphate fertilizer, 3 parts of amino acid chelated calcium, sucrose 2
Add water after part, 1.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.4 part of urea, 23 parts of mixing and stirrings of culturing pool mud so as to which water content reaches
70%, to stir 40 minutes, pH controls are crushed 7.5, obtain nursery soil；
S6, the seedling bed being made up of the nursery groove of some 8 × 10cm is built in booth, and filled in each nursery groove
Nursery soil, after the completion of filling, on nursery soil the air-vent at multiple direct through groove bottoms is beaten, according to kilogram/square metre of dry kind 0.7 or
The application rate of kilogram/square metre of bud kind 0.9 is sowed, uniformly after planting, then in one layer of paper with air-vent of upper covering；
S7, sprinkle on the paper with air-vent 0.7 part of modified gypsum, the modified gypsum by lime, flyash and
Ardealite is bound up, and then rewaters, and irrigation amount is 1.3 kilograms/square metre, is then covered by one layer of moisturizing mulch film, tidy seedlings output
Pour a Liquid Fertilizer within the 11st day afterwards, pour a Liquid Fertilizer after 11 days again, each dose is 20 grams/m, carry out conventional educating
Seedling is managed, and during transplanting, is transplanted together with nursery soil.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method for breeding wheat, comprises the steps：
S1, from suitable local plantation, Resistant, tiller is weak, anti-fall, fringe is big, the high-quality that setting percentage is high, high-yield variety are made
It is that wheat male parent and wheat female parent are hybridized, obtains cross combination F1 generation seed；
S2, under saline and alkaline planting conditions, using the F1 generation seed selfing of gained, and therefrom select with Salt And Alkali Tolerance proterties
17.5 DEG C of 20 centimetres of deep cooling water process of wheat plant are planted after 10 days in land for growing field crops continued growth to maturity period, choose cold resistance
Plant selfing 10 more than generation obtains the cold-resistant wheat hybridizing kind of the stable Salt And Alkali Tolerance of proterties；
S3, with helium as working media, in vacuum sealing environment, to little obtained by step S2 under the processing power of 250W
The unionized width that Wheat Seeds are carried out 17 seconds penetrates process；
After S4, process terminate, the seed of gained is placed in into seed soaking agent immersion 30min, the seed soaking agent is by following weight portion
Raw material be prepared from：4.5 parts of multi-effect mycin, 4 parts of carbendazim, 100 times of EM former dews, 15 parts of dilution, 0.35 part of calcium chloride, sulphur
0.2 part of sour manganese, 0.1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate；
S5, take 35 parts of crushed crude pearlite, 9 parts of vinegar grain, 20 parts of powder of straw, 0.7 part of phosphate fertilizer, 2.5 parts of amino acid chelated calcium, sucrose
1.5 parts, 1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.3 part of urea, add water after 19 parts of mixing and stirrings of culturing pool mud so as to water content reaches
65%, to stir 30 minutes, pH controls are crushed 7.2, obtain nursery soil；
S6, the seedling bed being made up of the nursery groove of some 8 × 10cm is built in booth, and filled in each nursery groove
Nursery soil, after the completion of filling, on nursery soil the air-vent at multiple direct through groove bottoms is beaten, according to kilogram/square metre of dry kind 0.7 or
The application rate of kilogram/square metre of bud kind 0.9 is sowed, uniformly after planting, then in one layer of paper with air-vent of upper covering；
S7, sprinkle on the paper with air-vent 0.6 part of modified gypsum, the modified gypsum by lime, flyash and
Ardealite is bound up, and then rewaters, and irrigation amount is 1 kilogram/square metre, one layer of moisturizing mulch film is then covered by, after tidy seedlings output
Pour a Liquid Fertilizer within 9th day, pour a Liquid Fertilizer after 9 days again, each dose is 16 grams/m, carries out conventional seedbed system pipe
Reason, during transplanting, transplants together with nursery soil.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method for breeding wheat, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
S1, from suitable local plantation, Resistant, tiller is weak, anti-fall, fringe is big, the high-quality that setting percentage is high, high-yield variety are used as little
Wheat male parent and wheat female parent are hybridized, and obtain cross combination F1 generation seed；
S2, under saline and alkaline planting conditions, using the F1 generation seed selfing of gained, and therefrom select with Salt And Alkali Tolerance proterties wheat
17～18 DEG C of 20 centimetres of deep cooling water process of plant are planted after 10 days in land for growing field crops continued growth to maturity period, are chosen cold resistance and are planted
Strain selfing 10 more than generation obtains the cold-resistant wheat hybridizing kind of the stable Salt And Alkali Tolerance of proterties；
S3, with helium as working media, in vacuum sealing environment, to little obtained by step S2 under the processing power of 50～350W
The unionized width that Wheat Seeds are carried out 15～20 seconds penetrates process；
After S4, process terminate, the seed of gained is placed in into seed soaking agent and soaks 20～40min, the seed soaking agent is by following weight portion
Raw material be prepared from：3～6 parts of multi-effect mycin, 3～5 parts of carbendazim, 100 times of EM former dews, 10～20 parts of dilution, calcium chloride
0.2～0.5 part, 0.1～0.3 part of manganese sulfate, 0.05～0.15 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate；
S5, take 30～40 parts of crushed crude pearlite, 8～10 parts of vinegar grain, 18～22 parts of powder of straw, 0.5～0.9 part of phosphate fertilizer, amino acid chela
Close 2～3 parts of calcium, 1～2 part of sucrose, 0.5～1.5 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2～0.4 part of urea, 15～23 parts of culturing pool mud
Add water after mixing and stirring so as to which water content is stirred 20～40 minutes up to 60%～70%, pH controls 7.0～7.5, powder
It is broken, obtain nursery soil；
S6, the seedling bed being made up of the nursery groove of some 8 × 10cm is built in booth, and nursery is filled in each nursery groove
Soil, after the completion of filling, beats the air-vent at multiple direct through groove bottoms, according to kilogram/square metre of dry kind 0.7 or bud kind on nursery soil
The application rate of 0.9 kilogram/square metre is sowed, uniformly after planting, then in one layer of paper with air-vent of upper covering；
S7, sprinkle on the paper with air-vent 0.5～0.7 part of modified gypsum, the modified gypsum by lime, flyash and
Ardealite is bound up, and then rewaters, and irrigation amount is 0.7～1.3 kilogram/square metre, is then covered by one layer of moisturizing mulch film, is gone out
Neat after seedling pours a Liquid Fertilizer on the 7th～11 day, pours a Liquid Fertilizer after 7～11 days again, and each dose is 12～20 grams/square
Rice, carries out conventional seedbed system management.
2. a kind of method for breeding wheat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the saline and alkaline planting conditions include：
Before sowing F1 generation seed, wheat period of seedling establishment and wheat during jointing stage, saline-alkali water is respectively poured into wheat planting district to saline-alkali water
1～5cm above ground level simultaneously keeps certain hour, and every liter of saline-alkali water includes 25.276 grams of sodium chloride, 3.16 grams of magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate
2.148 grams, 1.143 grams of calcium chloride, 0.169 gram of sodium acid carbonate, 0.713 gram of potassium chloride.
3. a kind of method for breeding wheat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Salt And Alkali Tolerance proterties includes following property
Any three kinds in shape：
Wheat seed：Long awns, white shell and white grain；
Plant height：65～85cm；
Yield and its component：Grain number per spike 35～45,45～55g of mass of 1000 kernel, fecundity is good；Yield：485～545kg/ mus.
4. a kind of method for breeding wheat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the criterion of cold resistance is：When treating
Identification wheat relative setting rate is more than 60%, or relative fringe yield is more than 40%.
5. a kind of method for breeding wheat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the lime, flyash and ardealite
Mass ratio during blending is 2-3.5: 13-20: 76-84.
6. a kind of method for breeding wheat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the culturing pool mud is fish, shrimp, crab
Mud in seawater aquaculturing pond, water content is 10～20%, and particle diameter is 1～4 millimeter.
7. a kind of method for breeding wheat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the particle diameter of the nursery soil is less than 5mm.
8. a kind of method for breeding wheat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that during transplanting, moves together with nursery soil
Plant.
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| CN107750938A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-03-06 | 长葛市联发粮食专业合作社 | A kind of method for breeding wheat |
| CN107867937A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-03 | 安徽绿雨种业股份有限公司 | A kind of wheat is cultivated with nursery soil |
| CN107996062A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-08 | 安徽绿雨种业股份有限公司 | A kind of method for breeding wheat of bud rate occurred frequently |
| CN108012784A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-11 | 安徽绿雨种业股份有限公司 | A kind of method for breeding wheat for improving out kind of rate |
| CN108029502A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-05-15 | 王惠滨 | A kind of wheat seedling raising matrix |
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| CN108283114A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-07-17 | 安徽天勤农业科技有限公司 | A kind of molecular breeding method of height cold resistance corn seed |
| CN108541580A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-09-18 | 临沂市农业科学院 | A kind of parental apolegamy method of wheat breeding |
| CN108901828A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-30 | 芜湖碧水谣医疗设备科技有限公司 | A kind of method of wheat crossbreeding |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107750938A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-03-06 | 长葛市联发粮食专业合作社 | A kind of method for breeding wheat |
| CN107867937A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-03 | 安徽绿雨种业股份有限公司 | A kind of wheat is cultivated with nursery soil |
| CN107996062A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-08 | 安徽绿雨种业股份有限公司 | A kind of method for breeding wheat of bud rate occurred frequently |
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| CN108283114A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-07-17 | 安徽天勤农业科技有限公司 | A kind of molecular breeding method of height cold resistance corn seed |
| CN108541580A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-09-18 | 临沂市农业科学院 | A kind of parental apolegamy method of wheat breeding |
| CN108901828A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-30 | 芜湖碧水谣医疗设备科技有限公司 | A kind of method of wheat crossbreeding |
| CN112385538A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-23 | 漯河市农业科学院 | Method for directionally improving wheat stalk strength by using dwarf-male-sterile wheat |
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