CN106542802A - 一种表面渗碳陶瓷餐具及其制备工艺 - Google Patents

一种表面渗碳陶瓷餐具及其制备工艺 Download PDF

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CN106542802A
CN106542802A CN201610921305.5A CN201610921305A CN106542802A CN 106542802 A CN106542802 A CN 106542802A CN 201610921305 A CN201610921305 A CN 201610921305A CN 106542802 A CN106542802 A CN 106542802A
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许纯荣
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Anhui Blue And White Fang Ci Industry Limited-Liability Co
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Abstract

本发明涉及陶瓷餐具技术领域，具体涉及一种表面渗碳陶瓷餐具，由以下重量份的组分构成：伊利石18‑24份、临川土40‑48份、玄武岩纤维1‑2份、珍珠纤维1‑2份、耐火粘土8‑12份、石膏晶须3‑4份、铁铝酸四钙3‑4份、氧化锆1‑2份、纳米二氧化硅2‑4份、锆钛酸钡2‑4份、助剂4‑6份。本发明餐具表面形成3‑6mm厚渗碳层，大大提高餐具强度和耐磨损性能，使得餐具防碰撞，餐具耐油浸、耐细菌腐蚀，在强酸溶液中长期浸泡不会受到酸蚀，在冷热不均环境下不会产生裂痕。

Description

一种表面渗碳陶瓷餐具及其制备工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷餐具技术领域，具体涉及一种表面渗碳陶瓷餐具及其制备工艺。
背景技术
用陶土烧制的器皿叫陶器，用瓷土烧制的器皿叫瓷器。陶瓷则是陶器，炻器和瓷器的总称。凡是用陶土和瓷土这两种不同性质的粘土为原料，经过配料、成型、干燥、焙烧等工艺流程制成的器物都可以叫陶瓷。
陶瓷的发展史是中华文明史的一个重要的组成部分，中国作为四大文明古国之一，为人类社会的进步和发展做出了卓越的贡献，其中陶瓷的发明和发展更具有独特的意义，中国历史上各朝各代有着不同艺术风格和不同技术特点。英文中的“china”既有中国的意思，又有陶瓷的意思，清楚地表明了中国就是“陶瓷的故乡”。早在欧洲人掌握瓷器制造技术一千多年前，汉族就已经制造出很精美的陶瓷器。中国是世界上最早应用陶器的国家之一，而中国瓷器因其极高的实用性和艺术性而备受世人的推崇。
随着近代科学技术的发展，近百年来又出现了许多新的陶瓷品种。它们不再使用或很少使用粘土、长石、石英等传统陶瓷原料，而是使用其他特殊原料，甚至扩大到非硅酸盐，非氧化物的范围，并且出现了许多新的工艺。美国和欧洲一些国家的文献已将“Ceramic”一词理解为各种无机非金属固体材料的通称。因此陶瓷的含义实际上已远远超越过去狭窄的传统观念了。
我国的陶瓷工业源远流长，历史悠久。陶、瓷器所用的原料绝大部分是天然的无机非金属矿物，这些原料通过加工精制、配合、成形、高温物理化学反应，才形成一种与原来组成物质截然不同的新的物质，即是陶瓷。我国陶到瓷发展经过了三个阶段：陶器—原始陶器—瓷器。
随着人们生活水平提高，人们追求各种各样精美的陶瓷餐具、炊具，但是目前陶瓷餐具在清洗时容易相互碰撞发生崩角而产生豁口，大多人为了追求美观都是将豁口餐具丢弃，造成很大非常浪费。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种表面渗碳陶瓷餐具及其制备工艺。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下技术方案来实现：
一种表面渗碳陶瓷餐具，由以下重量份的组分构成：伊利石18-24份、临川土40-48份、玄武岩纤维1-2份、珍珠纤维1-2份、耐火粘土8-12份、石膏晶须3-4份、铁铝酸四钙3-4份、氧化锆1-2份、纳米二氧化硅2-4份、锆钛酸钡2-4份、助剂4-6份。
所述助剂由以下重量份的组分构成：硼化钒1-2份、氮化硼1-2份、硅化钴1-2份、镍粉4-8份、钨粉2-4份、黄连素1.5-2份、大蒜素0.5-1份、酒石酸0.5-1份；其制备方法是，将硅化钽、氮化硼、碳化硅、钨粉磨碎至200-400目细粉，然后将细粉在2000转/分钟离心机中搅拌，边搅拌边加入黄连素、喜树碱，搅拌10分钟结束，将混合料用0.3微米紫外线照射30分钟，然后将混合料置于0.01-0.02MPa密闭容器内处理2小时，然后取出混合料即为助剂。
一种表面渗碳陶瓷餐具的制备工艺，包括以下步骤：
(1)将伊利石、临川土、耐火粘土混合磨碎成细粉，将细粉混入拌料并置于玻璃器皿中密封，然后将玻璃器皿置于阳光下曝晒5-7天；
(2)取出玻璃器皿中物料并干燥，然后与玄武岩纤维、珍珠纤维、石膏晶须、铁铝酸四钙、氧化锆、纳米二氧化硅、锆钛酸钡、助剂混合并磨碎成混合料，然后加入混合料重量35.5％-40.5％的水将混合料拌匀成浆料；
(3)用浆料制成大小不同规格的餐具，将餐具放入-40℃冷冻冷冻30分钟，取出后用100-120KHz超声波对餐具超声处理5分钟；
(4)将处理后的餐具送入炉内烧制，此时烧制温度为200-400℃，烧制10分钟后将餐具取出置于密闭容器内并用200℃二氧化碳气体对密闭容器内加压至1.2-1.6MPa，然后保压10分钟，继续将餐具放入炉内烧制，此时烧制温度为500-900℃，30分钟后取出餐具并上釉料，再继续烧制1小时，此时烧制温度为1250-1350℃，取出餐具送入风冷机内在2分钟内将餐具风冷至常温即可。
所述拌料包括海藻酸、茶多酚、叶绿素、水按1:2:2:200的比例混合后的物料。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明餐具表面形成3-6mm厚渗碳层，大大提高餐具强度和耐磨损性能，使得餐具防碰撞，餐具耐油浸、耐细菌腐蚀，在强酸溶液中长期浸泡不会受到酸蚀，在冷热不均环境下不会产生裂痕。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1
一种表面渗碳陶瓷餐具，由以下重量份的组分构成：伊利石21份、临川土44份、玄武岩纤维1.5份、珍珠纤维1.5份、耐火粘土10份、石膏晶须3.5份、铁铝酸四钙3.5份、氧化锆1.5份、纳米二氧化硅3份、锆钛酸钡3份、助剂5份。
所述助剂由以下重量份的组分构成：硼化钒1.5份、氮化硼1.5份、硅化钴1.5份、镍粉6份、钨粉3份、黄连素1.8份、大蒜素0.8份、酒石酸0.8份；其制备方法是，将硅化钽、氮化硼、碳化硅、钨粉磨碎至200-400目细粉，然后将细粉在2000转/分钟离心机中搅拌，边搅拌边加入黄连素、喜树碱，搅拌10分钟结束，将混合料用0.3微米紫外线照射30分钟，然后将混合料置于0.01-0.02MPa密闭容器内处理2小时，然后取出混合料即为助剂。
一种表面渗碳陶瓷餐具的制备工艺，包括以下步骤：
(1)将伊利石、临川土、耐火粘土混合磨碎成细粉，将细粉混入拌料并置于玻璃器皿中密封，然后将玻璃器皿置于阳光下曝晒5-7天；
(2)取出玻璃器皿中物料并干燥，然后与玄武岩纤维、珍珠纤维、石膏晶须、铁铝酸四钙、氧化锆、纳米二氧化硅、锆钛酸钡、助剂混合并磨碎成混合料，然后加入混合料重量38％的水将混合料拌匀成浆料；
(3)用浆料制成大小不同规格的餐具，将餐具放入-40℃冷冻冷冻30分钟，取出后用110KHz超声波对餐具超声处理5分钟；
(4)将处理后的餐具送入炉内烧制，此时烧制温度为300℃，烧制10分钟后将餐具取出置于密闭容器内并用200℃二氧化碳气体对密闭容器内加压至1.4MPa，然后保压10分钟，继续将餐具放入炉内烧制，此时烧制温度为700℃，30分钟后取出餐具并上釉料，再继续烧制1小时，此时烧制温度为1300℃，取出餐具送入风冷机内在2分钟内将餐具风冷至常温即可。
所述拌料包括海藻酸、茶多酚、叶绿素、水按1:2:2:200的比例混合后的物料。
实施例2
一种表面渗碳陶瓷餐具，由以下重量份的组分构成：伊利石18份、临川土40份、玄武岩纤维1份、珍珠纤维1份、耐火粘土8份、石膏晶须3份、铁铝酸四钙3份、氧化锆1份、纳米二氧化硅2份、锆钛酸钡2份、助剂4份。
所述助剂由以下重量份的组分构成：硼化钒1份、氮化硼1份、硅化钴1份、镍粉4份、钨粉2份、黄连素1.5份、大蒜素0.5份、酒石酸0.5份；其制备方法是，将硅化钽、氮化硼、碳化硅、钨粉磨碎至200-400目细粉，然后将细粉在2000转/分钟离心机中搅拌，边搅拌边加入黄连素、喜树碱，搅拌10分钟结束，将混合料用0.3微米紫外线照射30分钟，然后将混合料置于0.01-0.02MPa密闭容器内处理2小时，然后取出混合料即为助剂。
一种表面渗碳陶瓷餐具的制备工艺，包括以下步骤：
(1)将伊利石、临川土、耐火粘土混合磨碎成细粉，将细粉混入拌料并置于玻璃器皿中密封，然后将玻璃器皿置于阳光下曝晒5-7天；
(2)取出玻璃器皿中物料并干燥，然后与玄武岩纤维、珍珠纤维、石膏晶须、铁铝酸四钙、氧化锆、纳米二氧化硅、锆钛酸钡、助剂混合并磨碎成混合料，然后加入混合料重量35.5％的水将混合料拌匀成浆料；
(3)用浆料制成大小不同规格的餐具，将餐具放入-40℃冷冻冷冻30分钟，取出后用100KHz超声波对餐具超声处理5分钟；
(4)将处理后的餐具送入炉内烧制，此时烧制温度为200℃，烧制10分钟后将餐具取出置于密闭容器内并用200℃二氧化碳气体对密闭容器内加压至1.2MPa，然后保压10分钟，继续将餐具放入炉内烧制，此时烧制温度为500℃，30分钟后取出餐具并上釉料，再继续烧制1小时，此时烧制温度为1250℃，取出餐具送入风冷机内在2分钟内将餐具风冷至常温即可。
所述拌料包括海藻酸、茶多酚、叶绿素、水按1:2:2:200的比例混合后的物料。
实施例3
一种表面渗碳陶瓷餐具，由以下重量份的组分构成：伊利石24份、临川土48份、玄武岩纤维2份、珍珠纤维2份、耐火粘土12份、石膏晶须4份、铁铝酸四钙4份、氧化锆2份、纳米二氧化硅4份、锆钛酸钡4份、助剂6份。
所述助剂由以下重量份的组分构成：硼化钒2份、氮化硼2份、硅化钴2份、镍粉8份、钨粉4份、黄连素2份、大蒜素1份、酒石酸1份；其制备方法是，将硅化钽、氮化硼、碳化硅、钨粉磨碎至200-400目细粉，然后将细粉在2000转/分钟离心机中搅拌，边搅拌边加入黄连素、喜树碱，搅拌10分钟结束，将混合料用0.3微米紫外线照射30分钟，然后将混合料置于0.01-0.02MPa密闭容器内处理2小时，然后取出混合料即为助剂。
一种表面渗碳陶瓷餐具的制备工艺，包括以下步骤：
(1)将伊利石、临川土、耐火粘土混合磨碎成细粉，将细粉混入拌料并置于玻璃器皿中密封，然后将玻璃器皿置于阳光下曝晒5-7天；
(2)取出玻璃器皿中物料并干燥，然后与玄武岩纤维、珍珠纤维、石膏晶须、铁铝酸四钙、氧化锆、纳米二氧化硅、锆钛酸钡、助剂混合并磨碎成混合料，然后加入混合料重量40.5％的水将混合料拌匀成浆料；
(3)用浆料制成大小不同规格的餐具，将餐具放入-40℃冷冻冷冻30分钟，取出后用120KHz超声波对餐具超声处理5分钟；
(4)将处理后的餐具送入炉内烧制，此时烧制温度为400℃，烧制10分钟后将餐具取出置于密闭容器内并用200℃二氧化碳气体对密闭容器内加压至1.6MPa，然后保压10分钟，继续将餐具放入炉内烧制，此时烧制温度为900℃，30分钟后取出餐具并上釉料，再继续烧制1小时，此时烧制温度为1350℃，取出餐具送入风冷机内在2分钟内将餐具风冷至常温即可。
所述拌料包括海藻酸、茶多酚、叶绿素、水按1:2:2:200的比例混合后的物料。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (4)

1.一种表面渗碳陶瓷餐具，其特征在于，由以下重量份的组分构成：伊利石18-24份、临川土40-48份、玄武岩纤维1-2份、珍珠纤维1-2份、耐火粘土8-12份、石膏晶须3-4份、铁铝酸四钙3-4份、氧化锆1-2份、纳米二氧化硅2-4份、锆钛酸钡2-4份、助剂4-6份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种表面渗碳陶瓷餐具，其特征在于，所述助剂由以下重量份的组分构成：硼化钒1-2份、氮化硼1-2份、硅化钴1-2份、镍粉4-8份、钨粉2-4份、黄连素1.5-2份、大蒜素0.5-1份、酒石酸0.5-1份；其制备方法是，将硅化钽、氮化硼、碳化硅、钨粉磨碎至200-400目细粉，然后将细粉在2000转/分钟离心机中搅拌，边搅拌边加入黄连素、喜树碱，搅拌10分钟结束，将混合料用0.3微米紫外线照射30分钟，然后将混合料置于0.01-0.02MPa密闭容器内处理2小时，然后取出混合料即为助剂。
3.制作权利要求1或2所述的一种表面渗碳陶瓷餐具的制备工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)将伊利石、临川土、耐火粘土混合磨碎成细粉，将细粉混入拌料并置于玻璃器皿中密封，然后将玻璃器皿置于阳光下曝晒5-7天；
(2)取出玻璃器皿中物料并干燥，然后与玄武岩纤维、珍珠纤维、石膏晶须、铁铝酸四钙、氧化锆、纳米二氧化硅、锆钛酸钡、助剂混合并磨碎成混合料，然后加入混合料重量35.5％-40.5％的水将混合料拌匀成浆料；
(3)用浆料制成大小不同规格的餐具，将餐具放入-40℃冷冻冷冻30分钟，取出后用100-120KHz超声波对餐具超声处理5分钟；
(4)将处理后的餐具送入炉内烧制，此时烧制温度为200-400℃，烧制10分钟后将餐具取出置于密闭容器内并用200℃二氧化碳气体对密闭容器内加压至1.2-1.6MPa，然后保压10分钟，继续将餐具放入炉内烧制，此时烧制温度为500-900℃，30分钟后取出餐具并上釉料，再继续烧制1小时，此时烧制温度为1250-1350℃，取出餐具送入风冷机内在2分钟内将餐具风冷至常温即可。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种表面渗碳陶瓷餐具的制备工艺，其特征在于，所述拌料包括海藻酸、茶多酚、叶绿素、水按1:2:2:200的比例混合后的物料。
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