CN106522923A - Oil/gas well cement sheath sealing integrity testing device and method for carrying out evaluation through device - Google Patents
Oil/gas well cement sheath sealing integrity testing device and method for carrying out evaluation through device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106522923A CN106522923A CN201610983232.2A CN201610983232A CN106522923A CN 106522923 A CN106522923 A CN 106522923A CN 201610983232 A CN201610983232 A CN 201610983232A CN 106522923 A CN106522923 A CN 106522923A
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- cement sheath
- cement
- kettle
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000011016 integrity testing Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009918 complex formation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010044 Hernandia moerenhoutiana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000084296 Hernandia moerenhoutiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007613 slurry method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005619 thermoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/005—Monitoring or checking of cementation quality or level
Abstract
The invention relates to an oil/gas well cement sheath sealing integrity testing device. The testing device comprises a pressure kettle and a simulation wellbore located in the pressure kettle. The testing device further comprises a pressure control system, a temperature control system, a fluid channeling detection system, a strain measuring system and a mud cake simulation system. The simulation wellbore comprises a casing pipe and a core located on the periphery of the casing pipe. An annular gap is formed between the sleeve and the core, and a cement sheath is formed in the annular gap. The upper ends and the lower ends of the casing pipe and the core are provided with an upper end cover and a lower end cover respectively. The temperature borne by the cement sheath under different downhole working conditions and complex loads from the casing pipe and a stratum can be truly simulated, and the process range covers well cementation at the oil/gas well drilling and completion stage and pressure tests, producing tests, circulating injection production, fracturing and other improvement working conditions in the production process. The influence rule of the cement sheath sealing integrity can be evaluated by changing the thickness of the cement sheath, the character of mud cakes, the maintenance temperature and other factors.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to petrol resources exploitation field, and in particular to cement sheath under the conditions of underground working can be simulated to one kind
The sleeve pipe that born, complex formation load, and device and the evaluation methodology of sealing integrity test is carried out to cement sheath.
Background technology
In each stage in Oil/gas Well life cycle, the control to fluid in pit shaft and stratum is all top priority.Such as
There is uncontrolled flowing in fruit fluid, Oil/gas Well does not just possess integrity in physics and functionally, it is possible to cause serious
, even catastrophic consequence.Important component part of the cement sheath as oil gas well shaft, its major function are exactly to prevent
Formation fluid channelling during drilling well, production and transformation, and effectively fixed and supporting sleeve.In recent years, as exploration is opened
The process of sending out is carried out in a deep going way, and most oil field developments enter the storey increase design measures such as middle and late stage, fluid injection, acidifying, pressure break and obtain
Extensively apply, increasing well but occurs in that the problem of the cement sheath sealing integrities such as annular space with pressure, crossflow failure, special
It is not that the annular pressure abnormal phenomena in production process is very universal, and sealing property is complete as cement sheath for high-pressure gas well
How the direct metric of whole property, realize evaluating most important to its accurate quantitative analysis.Therefore, carry out cement sheath sealing integrity
Evaluation study, the prolongation of determination and life cycle to Oil/gas Well production measure are significant.
At present, for the method for testing of cement sheath sealing integrity, logger, such as sound wave are mainly utilized in Oil Field
Well logging (CBL), variable density (VDL) etc. are passed judgment on to interface of cementing the well, and also having directly interlayer is carried out altering using preforation tunnel logical
Aptitude tests, but this test may pressure break or blocking stratum, or even to cement the well interface damage.And test indoor
Test instrunment is mainly had with method：Shearing cementing strength evaluating apparatus, cementing waterpower and permeability values device, Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste resistance to compression
Strength detection method, well cementation second interface packing ability simulation evaluation device and cementing concrete ring mechanical integrity test device etc.,
Above test instrunment majority is that only a few instrument is with cement with interface shear strength and Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste comprcssive strength as evaluation index
The actual sealing of ring and sealing are used as evaluation index.Even so, due to the restriction of experiment condition, above method is to reality
Underground working has carried out substantial amounts of simplification, or is directly reduced to equivalent Physical Experiment, leads to not simulate cement sheath in well
Under actual forced status.Therefore, currently either laboratory experiment test, or field engineering application is difficult to be realized to down-hole work
Under the conditions of condition, cement sheath sealing integrity carries out accurate evaluation.
104153760 A Oil/gas Wells cement sheath sealing characteristics simulating test devices of Chinese patent CN and experimental technique, it is open
A kind of Oil/gas Well cement sheath sealing characteristics simulating test device, including kettle, upper kettle cover, lower kettle cover, heating mantle, booster pump,
Pressure release pump and liquid measure and tolerance monitor and it is connected to for controlling and testing a plurality of pipe such as confined pressure, pressure release and casing pressure
Road, but from the point of view of this seminar practical operation situation, the sealing property of this device is not good enough, is primarily due to coordinate different size
Sleeve pipe using pressing plate and upper kettle cover between attachment structure can not bear too big pressure reduction, therefore can only realize to a certain extent pre-
Set the goal.Furthermore, this device is only capable of realizing the measure that cement sheath loading and cement sheath sealing characteristics affect, and the water under real well
Mud ring needs to bear multi-party pressure, only by loading the characteristic for determining cement sheath sealing to cement sheath, it is impossible to meet and determine comprehensively
Needs.
The content of the invention
According to above-mentioned weak point, it is an object of the invention to provide one kind can simulate cement sheath institute under the conditions of underground working
The sleeve pipe that bears, complex formation load, and device and the evaluation methodology of sealing integrity test is carried out to cement sheath.
For achieving the above object, technical program of the present invention lies in：A kind of Oil/gas Well cement sheath sealing integrity test dress
Put, including autoclave pressure and the simulation wellbore hole inside autoclave pressure, test device also includes control pressurer system, temperature control system
System, channelling detecting system, strain measurement system and mud cake analog systemss；
Simulation wellbore hole includes sleeve pipe and the rock core positioned at sleeve pipe periphery, is formed between annular between described sleeve pipe and rock core
Gap, forms cement sheath in annular gap；The upper and lower ends of sleeve pipe and rock core are respectively equipped with upper end cover and bottom end cover；
The kettle cover that autoclave pressure is included kettle and is engaged with kettle；Kettle be provided with cement sheath top together with cement sheath pressure
Power mouth and testing of connecting with cement sheath bottom alter mouth；Kettle is provided with and the rock core periphery confined pressure mouth that connect of upper end and peripheral with rock core
The pressure relief opening of lower end connection；Kettle is provided with the thermocouple port for installing heating galvanic couple；Kettle is provided with what is connected with inside pipe casing
It is arranged on the casing pressure mouth of kettle lower end；Kettle cover is provided with the connection for connecting displacement measuring device or drill-in fluid storage barrel
Mouthful；
Control pressurer system include the pipeline one being connected with confined pressure mouth, the pipeline two being connected with cement sheath pressure port, and set
Pipeline four and the pipeline five being connected with pressure relief opening that pipe pressure mouth is connected；
Stop valve one, pressure transducer one, pressure regulator valve one, gas boosting pump, Stress control instrument is connected with pipeline one
And source nitrogen, gas boosting pump is connected with compressed air source；
Stop valve two, stop valve four, pressure transducer two, pressure regulator valve two and stop valve seven is connected with pipeline two；
Pressure transducer four, liquid booster pump and water source, liquid booster pump and compressed air source phase is connected with pipeline four
Even；
Stop valve eight and drain pipe is connected with pipeline five；
Temperature control system includes the thermocouple being arranged on inside kettle being connected with thermocouple port, thermocouple also with temperature
Control instrument is connected, and is wound with cooling tube on the outside of kettle, and cooling tube is connected with water source；
Channelling detecting system includes and tests the pipeline three of altering that mouth is connected, is connected with stop valve six, pressure sensing on pipeline three
Device three, stop valve ten and channelling monitoring device；
Strain measurement system gos deep into inside pipe casing for measuring internal surface of sleeve pipe radial displacement by the connected entrance on kettle cover
Displacement measuring device；
Mud cake analog systemss include drilling fluid storage barrel and rock core filter screen, and the upper and lower ends of drilling fluid storage barrel are respectively equipped with
Stop valve 12 and stop valve 13, the upper end of drilling fluid storage barrel are connected with nitrogen cylinder by airway, drilling fluid storage barrel
It is connected with kettle cover；Rock core filter screen is nested in the outer wall of rock core.
Preferably：Branch line six is connected with pipeline one and pipeline two, is connected with stop valve five on branch line six,
The junction point of branch line six and pipeline two is located between cement sheath pressure port and stop valve two, branch line six and pipeline one
Junction point is located between confined pressure mouth and stop valve one.
Preferably：Branch line seven is connected with pipeline two and branch line six, is provided with cut-off on branch line seven
The junction point of valve three and dehydration bucket, branch line seven and pipeline two is located between stop valve two and pressure regulator valve two, branch line seven
And the junction point of branch line six is located between cement sheath pressure port and stop valve two.
Preferably：Branch line eight is connected with pipeline three, is provided with counterbalance valve one and stop valve on branch line eight
11, the end of branch line eight is connected with drain pipe.
Preferably：Branch line nine is connected with pipeline five, is provided with counterbalance valve two, branch line on branch line nine
Nine and pipeline five junction point be located between liquid booster pump and pressure transducer four, end and the drain pipe phase of branch line nine
Even.
Preferably：Branch line ten is connected with pipeline five, is provided with stop valve nine, branch line on branch line ten
Ten and pipeline five junction point be located between pressure transducer four and casing pressure mouth, end and the drain pipe phase of branch line ten
Even.
Preferably：The inner bottom surface of kettle is provided with positioning boss.
Preferably：The lower end of cement sheath is provided with filter screen.
Preferably：Between kettle and kettle cover, between the connected entrance and displacement measuring device of kettle cover and kettle cover connected entrance
Connecting elements is provided between drill-in fluid storage barrel.
The present invention also provides a kind of method evaluated by utilization Oil/gas Well cement sheath sealing integrity test device, including
Following process：
(1) cement sheath sealing integrity test
The formation of a rock core inwall mud cakes
By rock core filter screen set in the circular cylindrical rock core periphery made, it is put on the positioning boss of kettle bottom surface, uses kettle
Lid compresses sealing, configures drilling fluid according to requirement of experiment, closes drilling fluid storage barrel lower end stop valve 13, opens upper end cut-off
Valve 12, drilling fluid is poured in drilling fluid bucket, and the volume of drilling fluid can close stop valve ten depending on experiment needs
Two, drilling fluid storage barrel is screwed in into the connected entrance of kettle cover, the airway drawn from nitrogen cylinder is connected to into drilling fluid storage barrel
Top, closes stop valve one, stop valve five, stop valve six and stop valve nine, opens stop valve eight, stop valve 12 and stop valve
13, it is 0.5-1.0MPa to adjust nitrogen cylinder output pressure, opens nitrogen cylinder pressure regulation threshold switch output nitrogen, records time 15-
30 minutes, the time required to experiment is reached after, form mud cake under the effect of rock core inside and outside differential pressure, close nitrogen cylinder switch, close
Stop valve 12 and stop valve 13, dismounting drilling fluid storage barrel and kettle cover, removal of core are rinsed out with the clear water for slowly flowing
False filter cake on mud cake, and actual cake thickness is measured by Special caliper；
B simulates mine water mud maintenance processes
Cement mortar maintenance in b1 simulation wellbore holes under the conditions of equipressure
After mud cake is formed, rock core and sleeve pipe are embedded on bottom end cover, and cement of different nature is configured according to requirement of experiment
Slurry, by cement mortar annular space slowly between sprue bushing and rock core, is compressed with upper end cover after filling and is sealed, by what is assembled
Simulation wellbore hole is inserted in kettle, it is ensured that good seal between bottom end cover and kettle, then screws kettle cover, displacement measuring device is revolved
Enter the connected entrance at the top of kettle cover, connection system data acquisition software opens stop valve three, stop valve five, treats to have intake in kettle
Bi Hou, sets the temperature of kettle according to demand as 75-150 DEG C, and the pressure value for arranging sleeve pipe, cement annular space and confined pressure is equal, institute
It is 40MPa to state the casing pressure value upper limit, and the cement sheath and the confined pressure pressure value upper limit are 30MPa, open liquid booster pump gentle
Body booster pump, and thermocouple is powered work, realize the cement mortar maintenance under the conditions of equipressure in simulation wellbore hole；
The cement mortar that b2 analog casings build the pressure under operating mode is conserved
Repeat the operation of b1, the pressure value of sleeve pipe, cement annular space and confined pressure is set so that the intrinsic pressure value of sleeve pipe is more than outside sleeve pipe
The pressure value of cement annular space and confined pressure；
Cement sheath sealing integrity test under c difference operating modes
C1 carries out cement sheath sealing integrity test by adjusting cement sheath top bottom pressure differential
After cement mortar maintenance is finished, stop valve three is closed, stop valve two is opened, stop valve five is closed, stop valve is opened
Nine, now test alter end cement sheath back-pressure will rise to it is identical with cement ring compression, afterwards close stop valve nine, open cut
Only valve 11, adjust counterbalance valve one, cement sheath bottom are tested after altering reduced pressure and cement sheath top formation pressure reduction, close cut-off
Valve 11, will test channeling water case and fill water, open stop valve ten and stop valve six, and the cement sheath sealing tested under current working is complete
Property；Different pressure reduction intervals can be chosen in test, and such as selecting 2MPa, i.e. cement sheath back pressure often to reduce 2MPa just carries out channelling survey
Examination.
C2 carries out cement sheath sealing integrity test by adjusting sleeve overpressure
Stop valve nine is opened, stop valve 11 is opened, counterbalance valve one is adjusted, makes between the top and bottom ends of cement sheath, to form solid
Sizing pressure reduction and after pressure reduction is stable, closes stop valve 11；Adjustment counterbalance valve two, it is intrinsic pressure with fixed interval unloading sleeve pipe
Power, intrinsic pressure up to sleeve pipe is zero；Intrinsic pressure often unloading of period sleeve pipe once just carry out channelling test, if do not altered
Stream, continues adjustment counterbalance valve two；It is adjusted to sleeve pipe intrinsic pressure after former pressure, sleeve pipe is pressurizeed with fixed interval, and every time
Repeat above-mentioned casing pressure uninstall process after sleeve pipe pressurization and carry out channelling test, until cement sheath sealing integrity fails；
Will be using intrinsic pressure to sleeve pipe right more than carrying out channelling test under the conditions of external pressure and carrying out with former test result in test
Than judging one interface of well cementation or second interface generating seal failure problem；Using the monitoring result of displacement measuring device
To judge the size of one interface microannulus of well cementation；
(2) the channelling experiment of different size microannulus
During b2, analog casing builds the pressure after the cement mortar maintenance under operating mode, closes stop valve three, opens stop valve
Two, channelling pattern is selected, stop valve five is closed, stop valve nine is opened, makes cement sheath top bottom form fixed size pressure reduction and steady
After fixed, stop valve 11 is closed, adjust counterbalance valve two, with fixed interval unloader sleeve overpressure, intrinsic pressure up to sleeve pipe is zero, the phase
Between sleeve pipe it is intrinsic pressure often unload once just carry out a channelling test, judge well cementation one using the monitoring result of displacement measuring device
The size of interface microannulus；
(3) different qualities cement mortar pressure-bearing and sealing aptitude tests
Need to configure mortar architecture of different nature according to test and conserved, after maintenance is finished, close stop valve
Three, stop valve two is opened, channelling pattern is selected；Close stop valve five.Stop valve nine is opened, is now tested and is altered end cement sheath back pressure pressure
Power will rise to it is identical with cement ring compression, afterwards close stop valve nine, open stop valve 11, adjust counterbalance valve one, will
Cement sheath bottom is tested after altering reduced pressure and cement sheath top formation pressure reduction, closes stop valve 11, will test channeling water case and fill water,
Open stop valve ten, stop valve six to be tested, in test, gradually increase cement sheath top bottom pressure reduction, if monitored in test
If there is rising, current differential pressure is considered as the limit sealing pressure of this kind of cement mortar to cement sheath bottom back-pressure；
(4) different factors are analyzed to the affecting laws of cement sheath sealing integrity
A mud cake properties：Different cake thicknesses can be obtained by changing bleed pressure size and time；Different mud cake properties can
Obtained by changing rock core lithology and drilling fluid composition；
B cement thickness：By from different size sleeve pipe, and the end cap up and down of different internal structure size carry out it is right
Than experiment；
C curing temperatures and pressure：By temperature control instrument and Stress control instrument be programmed respectively temperature control and
Pressure control, arranges the temperature and pressure change in cement mortar maintenance processes.
The present invention has following Advantageous Effects：
(1) present invention is capable of achieving to cement sheath institute's bearing temperature under the difference working condition of down-hole and from sleeve pipe, stratum
The true simulation of complex load, processing range are covered Oil/gas Well and bore completion phase cementing well, the pressure testing, examination in production process
Adopt, circulate note and adopt and the transformation operating mode such as pressure break.
(2) major function of cement sheath is exactly for sealing and the outer annular space of sealing sleeve pipe, to prevent drilling well, production and transformation
During formation fluid channelling, with cement annular space equivalent permeability as evaluation index, it is right to realize for this device and evaluation methodology
The effective evaluation of cement sheath sealing integrity and cement sheath sealing ability.
(3) realize and the simulation of rock core inwall different-thickness and heterogeneity mud cake under borehole condition is formed, more very
The real actual state for simulating well, further reduces cement sheath in the condition residing for down-hole.
(4) the cement mortar maintenance processes simulation under the conditions of temperature-pressure is realized, sleeve pipe is particularly realized and is built the pressure operating mode
Under the simulation of cement mortar maintenance processes, and then a microannulus is simulated caused by waiting solidifying institute to building the pressure.And by choosing set tubing
The size of material and control sleeve pipe inside and outside differential pressure, simulation form various sizes of microannulus.
(5) realized to, in whole test process, different pressures load-up condition setting of casing is radially using strain measurement system
The real-time measurement of deformation quantity, therefore can further realize the monitoring and dimensional measurement to an interface microannulus of cementing the well.
(6) present invention can be by changing the factors such as cement thickness, mud cake property, curing temperature, to evaluate which to cement
The affecting laws of ring sealing integrity.And pressure-bearing and sealing energy can be carried out to different qualities cement mortar by changing cement-slurry method
Power is tested, and the selection for Oil/gas Well slurry design, thin interlayer fracturing technology and Staged Fracturing Technique In Horizontal Wells provides foundation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation one of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation two of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of autoclave pressure of the present invention and simulation wellbore hole.
In figure, 1- displacement measuring devices；2- connecting elements；3- kettle covers；4- upper end covers；5- confined pressure mouths；6- sleeve pipes；7- rocks
The heart；8- cement sheaths；9- kettlies；10- is tested and is altered mouth；11- bottom end covers；12- casing pressure mouths；13- sealing members；14- pressure relief openings；15-
Thermocouple port；16- cooling tubes；17- cement sheath pressure ports；18- connected entrances；19- positioning boss；20- rock core filter screens；21- ends
Valve two；22- stop valves four；23- stop valves three；24- pressure transducers two；25- pressure regulator valves two；26- stop valves five；27- ends
Valve one；28- pressure transducers one；29- pressure regulator valves one；30- gas boosting pumps；31- stop valves seven；32- Stress control instrument；
33- compressed air sources；34- source nitrogens；35- stop valves six；36- pressure transducers three；37- stop valves ten；38- water tanks；39- liquid
Flowmeter body；40- counterbalance valves one；41- stop valves 11；42- drain pipies；43- pressure transducers four；44- stop valves nine；45-
Counterbalance valve two；46- liquid booster pumps；47- water sources；48- stop valves eight；49- temperature control instruments；50- dehydration buckets；51- filter screens；
52- connecting elements；53- stop valves 13；54- drill-in fluid storage barrels；55- stop valves 12；56- nitrogen cylinders.
Specific embodiment
Invention is described further with reference to specific embodiment.
A kind of Oil/gas Well cement sheath sealing integrity test device as Figure 1-3, including autoclave pressure and positioned at pressure
Simulation wellbore hole inside kettle, described test device also include control pressurer system, temperature control system, channelling detecting system,
Strain measurement system and mud cake analog systemss；Wherein, simulation wellbore hole includes sleeve pipe 6 and the rock core 7 positioned at 6 periphery of sleeve pipe, sleeve pipe 6
Annular gap is formed and rock core 7 between, forms cement sheath 8 in annular gap；The upper and lower ends of sleeve pipe 6 and rock core 7 are respectively equipped with
Upper end cover 4 and bottom end cover 11；The kettle cover 3 that autoclave pressure is included kettle 9 and is engaged with kettle 9；Kettle 9 is provided with and is pushed up with cement sheath 8
Hold together with cement sheath pressure port 17 and testing of connecting with 8 bottom of cement sheath alter mouth 10；Kettle 9 is provided with and 7 peripheral upper end of rock core
The confined pressure mouth 5 of connection and the pressure relief opening 14 connected with 7 peripheral lower end of rock core；Kettle 9 is provided with the thermoelectricity for installing heating galvanic couple
Even mouth 15；Kettle 9 is provided with and the casing pressure mouth 12 for being arranged on 9 lower end of kettle connected inside sleeve pipe 6；Kettle cover 3 be provided with for
The connected entrance 18 of connection displacement measuring device 1 or drill-in fluid storage barrel 54；Control pressurer system includes the pipe being connected with confined pressure mouth 5
Lu Yi, the pipeline two being connected with cement sheath pressure port 17, the pipeline four being connected with casing pressure mouth 12 and it is connected with pressure relief opening 14
Pipeline five；Stop valve 1, pressure transducer 1, pressure regulator valve 1, gas boosting pump 30, pressure is connected with pipeline one
Control instrument 32 and source nitrogen 34, gas boosting pump 30 are connected with compressed air source 33；Be connected with pipeline two stop valve 2 21,
Stop valve 4 22, pressure transducer 2 24, pressure regulator valve 2 25 and stop valve 7 31；Pressure transducer four is connected with pipeline four
43rd, liquid booster pump 46 and water source 47, liquid booster pump 46 are connected with compressed air source 33；Stop valve eight is connected with pipeline five
48 and drain pipe 42；Temperature control system includes the thermocouple being arranged on inside kettle 9 being connected with thermocouple port 15, thermocouple
Also it is connected with temperature control instrument 49, on the outside of kettle 9, is wound with cooling tube 16, cooling tube 16 is connected with water source 47；Channelling is detected
System includes and tests the pipeline three of altering that mouth 10 is connected, is connected with stop valve 6 35, pressure transducer 3 36, stop valve on pipeline three
10 and channelling monitoring device；Strain measurement system gos deep into being used for measuring sleeve pipe inside sleeve pipe 6 by the connected entrance 18 on kettle cover 3
The displacement measuring device 1 of 6 inwall radial displacements；Mud cake analog systemss include drilling fluid storage barrel 54 and rock core filter screen 20, drilling well
The upper and lower ends of liquid storage barrel 54 are respectively equipped with stop valve 12 and stop valve 13, and the upper end of drilling fluid storage barrel 54 leads to
Cross airway to be connected with nitrogen cylinder 56, drilling fluid storage barrel 54 is connected with kettle cover 3；Rock core filter screen 20 is nested in the outer wall of rock core 7.
Further, branch line six is connected with pipeline one and pipeline two, be connected with stop valve five on branch line six
26, the junction point of branch line six and pipeline two is located between cement sheath pressure port 17 and stop valve 2 21, branch line six with
The junction point of pipeline one is located between confined pressure mouth 5 and stop valve 1.
Further, branch line seven is connected with pipeline two and branch line six, be provided with cut-off on branch line seven
The junction point of valve 3 23 and dehydration bucket 50, branch line seven and pipeline two is located between stop valve 2 21 and pressure regulator valve 2 25, point
The junction point of bye-pass seven and branch line six is located between cement sheath pressure port 17 and stop valve 2 21.
Further, branch line eight is connected with pipeline three, be provided with counterbalance valve 1 and cut-off on branch line eight
Valve 11, the end of branch line eight are connected with drain pipe 42.
Further, branch line nine is connected with pipeline five, be provided with counterbalance valve 2 45, branched pipe on branch line nine
The junction point of road nine and pipeline five is located between liquid booster pump 46 and pressure transducer 4 43, the end of branch line nine and row
Water pipe 42 is connected.
Further, branch line ten is connected with pipeline five, be provided with stop valve 9 44, branched pipe on branch line ten
The junction point of road ten and pipeline five is located between pressure transducer 4 43 and casing pressure mouth 12, the end of branch line ten and row
Water pipe 42 is connected.
Further, the inner bottom surface of kettle 9 is provided with positioning boss 19.
Further, the lower end of cement sheath 8 is provided with filter screen 51.
Further, between kettle 9 and kettle cover 3, between the connected entrance 18 and displacement measuring device 1 of kettle cover and kettle cover company
Connecting elements 2 is provided between port 18 and drill-in fluid storage barrel 54.
Further, between kettle 9 and kettle cover 3, sleeve pipe 6, rock core 7 and upper end cover 4 and between, bottom end cover 11 and kettle
Sealing member 13 is provided between 9.
Using this device for the method that Oil/gas Well cement sheath sealing integrity carries out test evaluation, with reference to Fig. 1-2, specifically
It is described as follows：
1st, cement sheath sealing integrity test
The formation of a rock core inwall mud cakes
As shown in Fig. 2 it is peripheral that rock core filter screen 20 is enclosed within circular cylindrical rock core 7 first that make, then rock core 7 is put
Enter in kettle 9, be placed on the positioning boss 19 of 9 bottom surface of kettle, compressed with kettle cover 3 and sealed.Drilling well is configured according to requirement of experiment
Liquid, closes 54 lower end stop valve 13 of drilling fluid storage barrel, and opens upper end stop valve 12, and at top, the mouth of pipe places leakage
Drilling fluid is poured into drilling fluid storage barrel 54 by bucket water conservancy diversion, and the volume of drilling fluid can need to determine according to experiment, typically can coring content
Long-pending 2-3 times.Stop valve 12 is closed, drilling fluid storage barrel 54 is screwed in into kettle cover connected entrance 18, will be drawn from nitrogen cylinder 56
Airway be connected to the top of drilling fluid storage barrel 54.Close stop valve 1, stop valve 5 26, stop valve 6 35 and cut-off
Valve 9 44, opens stop valve 8 48, opens stop valve 12 and stop valve 13.Adjusting 56 output pressure of nitrogen cylinder is
0.5-1.0MPa, opens 56 pressure regulation threshold switch of nitrogen cylinder output nitrogen, records the time, and the time is generally 15-30 minutes, is reaching
After the time required to experiment, close nitrogen cylinder 56 and switch.Close stop valve 12 and stop valve 13, dismounting drilling fluid storage
Bucket 54 and kettle cover 3, removal of core 7, the false filter cake rinsed out on mud cake with the clear water for slowly flowing, and measured by Special caliper
Actual cake thickness.In method formed above, different cake thicknesses can be obtained by changing bleed pressure size and time；It is different
Mud cake property can be obtained by changing rock core lithology and drilling fluid composition.
B simulates mine water mud maintenance processes
Cement mortar maintenance in b1 simulation wellbore holes under the conditions of equipressure
After mud cake is formed, rock core 7 and sleeve pipe 6 are embedded on bottom end cover 11, and configure of different nature according to requirement of experiment
Cement mortar, by cement mortar annular space slowly between sprue bushing 6 and rock core 7, compresses sealing with upper end cover 4 after filling.Will
The simulation wellbore hole for assembling is inserted in kettle 9, it is ensured that good seal between bottom end cover 11 and kettle 9, then screws kettle cover 3.Will
Displacement measuring device 1 screws in 3 top connected entrance 18 of kettle cover, connection system data acquisition software.Open stop valve 3 23, stop valve
5 26, after water inlet is finished in kettle 9, set the temperature value of kettle 9 according to demand, usually 75-150 DEG C, arrange sleeve pipe 6,
The pressure value of cement annular space and confined pressure is equal, and (the casing pressure value upper limit is 40MPa, and cement sheath and the confined pressure pressure value upper limit are
30MPa), liquid booster pump 46 and gas booster pump 30 is opened, and thermocouple is powered work, realize in simulation wellbore hole, waiting press strip
Cement mortar maintenance under part.
The cement mortar that b2 analog casings build the pressure under operating mode is conserved
The difference of the cement mortar maintenance processes under the conditions of the method is isobaric with above-mentioned pit shaft is that initial setting up sleeve pipe is intrinsic pressure
Value can such as arrange 40MPa in sleeve pipe, cement sheath pressure and confined pressure 20MPa more than the outer cement annular space of sleeve pipe and the pressure value of confined pressure, its
Its step is same as mentioned above.
Cement sheath sealing integrity test under c difference operating modes
C1 carries out cement sheath sealing integrity test by adjusting cement sheath top bottom pressure differential
Gas or water can be chosen to test cement sheath sealing integrity as medium.Said by taking has channeling as an example
It is bright：
After cement mortar maintenance is finished, stop valve 3 23 is closed, stop valve 2 21 is opened, Breakthrough Pattern is selected.Close and cut
Only valve 5 26.Open stop valve 9 44, now test alter end cement sheath back-pressure will rise to it is identical with cement ring compression, it
Stop valve 9 44 is closed afterwards.Stop valve 11 is opened, counterbalance valve 1 is adjusted, cement sheath bottom is tested and alters reduced pressure and water
After mud ring top forms pressure reduction, stop valve 11 is closed.Channeling water case 38 will be tested and fill water, open stop valve 10, stop valve
6 35, the cement sheath sealing integrity tested under current working.Different pressure reduction intervals can be chosen in test, such as select 2MPa, i.e.,
Cement sheath back pressure often reduces 2MPa and just carries out channelling test.
C2 carries out cement sheath sealing integrity test by adjusting sleeve overpressure
There is no the problem of cement sheath sealing integrity failure as described above in whole test, can proceed with sleeve pipe intrinsic pressure
Cement sheath sealing integrity test under the conditions of alternate.
Stop valve 9 44 is opened, stop valve 11 is opened, counterbalance valve 1 is adjusted, is made cement sheath top bottom form fixation
Big small pressure difference and it is stable after, close stop valve 11.Adjustment counterbalance valve 2 45, with fixed interval unloader sleeve overpressure, directly
Intrinsic pressure to sleeve pipe 6 is zero.Intrinsic pressure often unloading of period sleeve pipe 6 once just carry out channelling test, if there is no channelling, after
Continuous adjustment counterbalance valve 2 45, is adjusted to sleeve pipe 6 intrinsic pressure after former pressure, sleeve pipe is pressurizeed with fixed interval, such as added every time
5MPa, and repeat above-mentioned casing pressure uninstall process after sleeve pipe pressurizes every time and carry out channelling test, until cement sheath has been sealed
Whole property failure.
Will be using intrinsic pressure to sleeve pipe right more than carrying out channelling test under the conditions of external pressure and carrying out with former test result in test
Than judging one interface of well cementation or second interface generating seal failure problem.In addition, using the monitoring of displacement measuring device
As a result come judge cement the well an interface microannulus size.
2nd, the gas channelling experiment of different size microannulus
In method b2, analog casing builds the pressure after the cement mortar maintenance under operating mode, closes stop valve 3 23, opens stop valve
2 21, select Breakthrough Pattern.Close stop valve 5 26.Stop valve 9 44 is opened, makes cement sheath top bottom form fixed size pressure
After poor and stable, stop valve 11 is closed.Adjustment counterbalance valve 2 45, with fixed interval unloader sleeve overpressure, until sleeve pipe
Intrinsic pressure is zero, and intrinsic pressure often unloading of period sleeve pipe once just carry out channelling test.Using the monitoring result of displacement measuring device
To judge the size of one interface microannulus of well cementation.
3rd, different qualities cement mortar pressure-bearing and sealing aptitude tests
Need to configure mortar architecture of different nature according to test and conserved, after maintenance is finished, close stop valve
3 23, stop valve 2 21 is opened, Breakthrough Pattern is selected.Close stop valve 5 26.Stop valve 9 44 is opened, is now tested and is altered end cement
Ring back-pressure will rise to it is identical with cement ring compression, afterwards close stop valve 9 44.Open stop valve 11, adjustment
Counterbalance valve 1, cement sheath bottom is tested after altering reduced pressure and cement sheath top formation pressure reduction, cuts out stop valve 11.Will
Test channeling water case 38 and fill water, open stop valve 10, stop valve 6 35 and tested, in test, gradually increase cement sheath top bottom
Pressure reduction.If monitoring cement sheath bottom back-pressure if there is rising in test, current differential pressure is considered as this kind of cement mortar
Limit sealing pressure.
4th, different factors are analyzed to the affecting laws of cement sheath sealing integrity
A mud cake properties：Different cake thicknesses can be obtained by changing bleed pressure size and time；Different mud cake properties can
Obtained by changing rock core lithology and drilling fluid composition；
B cement thickness：By from different size sleeve pipe, and the end cap up and down of different internal structure size carry out it is right
Than experiment.
C curing temperatures and pressure：Temperature control and pressure control are programmed respectively by temperature control instrument and Stress control instrument,
Temperature and pressure change in cement mortar maintenance processes is set.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Oil/gas Well cement sheath sealing integrity test device, it is characterised in that：Including autoclave pressure and in autoclave pressure
The simulation wellbore hole in portion, described test device also include control pressurer system, temperature control system, channelling detecting system, strain
Measuring system and mud cake analog systemss；
Described simulation wellbore hole includes sleeve pipe (6) and is located at the rock core (7) of sleeve pipe (6) periphery, described sleeve pipe (6) and rock core
(7) annular gap is formed between, forms cement sheath (8) in described annular gap；Described sleeve pipe (6) and rock core (7) it is upper and lower
It is respectively arranged at two ends with upper end cover (4) and bottom end cover (11)；
The kettle cover (3) that described autoclave pressure is included kettle (9) and is engaged with kettle (9)；Described kettle (9) is provided with and cement
Ring (8) top together with cement sheath pressure port (17) and testing of connecting with cement sheath (8) bottom alter mouth (10)；Described kettle
(9) the confined pressure mouth (5) connected with rock core (7) periphery upper end and the pressure relief opening (14) connected with rock core (7) periphery lower end are provided with；Institute
The kettle (9) stated is provided with the thermocouple port (15) for installing heating galvanic couple；Described kettle (9) is provided with internal with sleeve pipe (6)
The casing pressure mouth (12) for being arranged on kettle (9) lower end of connection；Described kettle cover (3) is provided with for connecting displacement measuring device
(1) or drill-in fluid storage barrel (54) connected entrance (18)；
Described control pressurer system includes the pipeline one being connected with confined pressure mouth (5), the pipe being connected with cement sheath pressure port (17)
Road two, the pipeline four being connected with casing pressure mouth (12) and the pipeline five being connected with pressure relief opening (14)；
Stop valve one (27), pressure transducer one (28), pressure regulator valve one (29), gas boosting pump is connected with described pipeline one
(30), Stress control instrument (32) and source nitrogen (34), described gas boosting pump (30) are connected with compressed air source (33)；
Stop valve two (21), stop valve four (22), pressure transducer two (24), pressure regulator valve two is connected with described pipeline two
And stop valve seven (31) (25)；
Pressure transducer four (43), liquid booster pump (46) and water source (47), described liquid is connected with described pipeline four
Booster pump (46) is connected with compressed air source (33)；
Stop valve eight (48) and drain pipe (42) is connected with described pipeline five；
Described temperature control system includes that what is be connected with thermocouple port (15) is arranged on the thermocouple of kettle (9) inside, described
Thermocouple be also connected with temperature control instrument (49), be wound with cooling tube (16), described cooling on the outside of described kettle (9)
Pipe (16) is connected with water source (47)；
Described channelling detecting system includes and tests the pipeline three of altering that mouth (10) is connected, is connected with stop valve on described pipeline three
Six (35), pressure transducer three (36), stop valve ten (37) and channelling monitoring device；
Described strain measurement system is goed deep into inside sleeve pipe (6) for measuring sleeve pipe (6) by the connected entrance (18) on kettle cover (3)
The displacement measuring device (1) of inwall radial displacement；
Described mud cake analog systemss include drilling fluid storage barrel (54) and rock core filter screen (20), drilling fluid storage barrel (54)
Upper and lower ends be respectively equipped with stop valve ten two (55) and stop valve ten three (53), the upper end of drilling fluid storage barrel (54) leads to
Cross airway to be connected with nitrogen cylinder (56), drilling fluid storage barrel (54) are connected with kettle cover (3)；Described rock core filter screen (20)
It is nested in the outer wall of rock core (7).
2. Oil/gas Well cement sheath sealing integrity test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The pipeline one
Be connected with branch line six on pipeline two, be connected with stop valve five (26), described branched pipe on described branch line six
The junction point of Lu Liuyu pipelines two is located between cement sheath pressure port (17) and stop valve two (21), the branch line six with manage
The junction point on road one is located between confined pressure mouth (5) and stop valve one (27).
3. Oil/gas Well cement sheath sealing integrity test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The pipeline two
Be connected with branch line seven on branch line six, be provided with stop valve three (23) and dehydration bucket on described branch line seven
(50) junction point of, described branch line seven and pipeline two is located between stop valve two (21) and pressure regulator valve two (25), described
Branch line seven and branch line six junction point be located between cement sheath pressure port (17) and stop valve two (21).
4. Oil/gas Well cement sheath sealing integrity test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described pipeline
Branch line eight is connected with three, is provided with counterbalance valve one (40) and stop valve ten one (41), institute on described branch line eight
The end for stating branch line eight is connected with drain pipe (42).
5. Oil/gas Well cement sheath sealing integrity test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described pipeline
Branch line nine is connected with five, is provided with counterbalance valve two (45), the branch line nine and pipe on described branch line nine
The junction point on road five is located between liquid booster pump (46) and pressure transducer four (43), the end of the branch line nine and row
Water pipe (42) is connected.
6. Oil/gas Well cement sheath sealing integrity test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described pipeline
Branch line ten is connected with five, is provided with stop valve nine (44), the branch line ten and pipe on described branch line ten
The junction point on road five is located between pressure transducer four (43) and casing pressure mouth (12), the end of the branch line ten and row
Water pipe (42) is connected.
7. Oil/gas Well cement sheath sealing integrity test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The kettle
(9) inner bottom surface is provided with positioning boss (19).
8. Oil/gas Well cement sheath sealing integrity test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The cement sheath
(8) lower end is provided with filter screen (51).
9. Oil/gas Well cement sheath sealing integrity test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The kettle
(9) and kettle cover (3) between, between the connected entrance (18) and displacement measuring device (1) of kettle cover and kettle cover connected entrance (18) with bore
Connecting elements (2) is provided between feed liquor storage barrel (54).
10. a kind of method evaluated using Oil/gas Well cement sheath sealing integrity test device as claimed in claim 1,
Characterized in that, including following process：
(1) cement sheath sealing integrity test
The formation of a rock core inwall mud cakes
Rock core filter screen (20) is enclosed within circular cylindrical rock core (7) periphery made, the positioning boss of kettle (9) bottom surface is put into
(19) on, compressed with kettle cover (3) and sealed, drilling fluid is configured according to requirement of experiment, close the cut-off of drilling fluid storage barrel (54) lower end
Valve ten three (53), opens upper end stop valve ten two (55), drilling fluid is poured in drilling fluid bucket (54), the volume of drilling fluid
Depending on experiment needs can close stop valve ten two (55), drilling fluid storage barrel (54) screwed in into the connected entrance (18) of kettle cover, will
The airway drawn from nitrogen cylinder (56) is connected to the top of drilling fluid storage barrel (54), closes stop valve one (27), stop valve
Five (26), stop valve six (35) and stop valve nine (44), open stop valve eight (48), stop valve ten two (55) and stop valve 13
(53) it is 0.5-1.0MPa, to adjust nitrogen cylinder (56) output pressure, opens nitrogen cylinder pressure regulation threshold switch output nitrogen, records the time
15-30 minutes, the time required to experiment is reached after, form mud cake under the effect of rock core inside and outside differential pressure, close nitrogen cylinder (56) and open
Close, close stop valve ten two (55) and stop valve ten three (53), dismounting drilling fluid storage barrel (54) and kettle cover (3), removal of core
(7) false filter cake for, being rinsed out on mud cake with the clear water for slowly flowing, and actual cake thickness is measured by Special caliper；
B simulates mine water mud maintenance processes
Cement mortar maintenance in b1 simulation wellbore holes under the conditions of equipressure
After mud cake is formed, rock core (7) and sleeve pipe (6) are embedded on bottom end cover (11), and heterogeneity is configured according to requirement of experiment
Cement mortar, by cement mortar annular space slowly between sprue bushing (6) and rock core (7), after filling with upper end cover (4) compress
Sealing, the simulation wellbore hole for assembling is inserted in kettle (9), it is ensured that good seal between bottom end cover (11) and kettle (9), then
Kettle cover (3) is screwed, displacement measuring device (1) is screwed in into the connected entrance (18) at the top of kettle cover, connection system data acquisition software is beaten
Stop valve three (23), stop valve five (26) is opened, and after water inlet is finished in kettle (9), the temperature of kettle is set according to demand as 75-
150 DEG C, arrange sleeve pipe, cement annular space and confined pressure pressure value it is equal, the described sleeve pipe pressure value upper limit is 40MPa, the cement
Ring and the confined pressure pressure value upper limit are 30MPa, open liquid booster pump (46) and gas booster pump (30), and thermocouple is powered work
Make, realize the cement mortar maintenance under the conditions of equipressure in simulation wellbore hole；
The cement mortar that b2 analog casings build the pressure under operating mode is conserved
Repeat the operation of b1, the pressure value of sleeve pipe, cement annular space and confined pressure is set so that the intrinsic pressure value of sleeve pipe is more than the outer cement of sleeve pipe
The pressure value of annular space and confined pressure；
Cement sheath sealing integrity test under c difference operating modes
C1 carries out cement sheath sealing integrity test by adjusting cement sheath top bottom pressure differential
After cement mortar maintenance is finished, stop valve three (23) is closed, stop valve two (21) is opened, stop valve five (26) is closed, is beaten
Open stop valve nine (44), now test alter end cement sheath back-pressure will rise to it is identical with cement ring compression, afterwards close cut
Only valve nine (44), open stop valve ten one (41), adjust counterbalance valve one (40), cement sheath bottom are tested and alters reduced pressure and cement
After ring top forms pressure reduction, stop valve ten one (41) is closed, channeling water case (38) will be tested and fill water, opened stop valve ten (37) and cut
Only valve six (35), the cement sheath sealing integrity tested under current working；Different pressure reduction intervals can be chosen in test, such as selected
2MPa, i.e. cement sheath back pressure often reduce 2MPa and just carry out channelling test.
C2 carries out cement sheath sealing integrity test by adjusting sleeve overpressure
Stop valve nine (44) is opened, stop valve ten one (41) is opened, counterbalance valve one (40) is adjusted, is made the top and bottom ends of cement sheath (8)
Between form fixed size pressure reduction and after pressure reduction is stable, close stop valve ten one (41)；Adjustment counterbalance valve two (45), with fixation
The interior pressure in interval unloading sleeve pipe (6), intrinsic pressure up to sleeve pipe (6) is zero；Intrinsic pressure often unloading of period sleeve pipe (6) is once just carried out once
Channelling is tested, if there is no channelling, continues adjustment counterbalance valve two (45)；It is adjusted to sleeve pipe (6) intrinsic pressure after former pressure, with
Repeat above-mentioned casing pressure uninstall process after fixed interval are pressurizeed to sleeve pipe (6), and sleeve pipe (6) pressurizes every time and altered
Current test, until cement sheath sealing integrity fails；
Will be using intrinsic pressure to sleeve pipe (6) right more than carrying out channelling test under the conditions of external pressure and carrying out with former test result in test
Than judging one interface of well cementation or second interface generating seal failure problem；Tied using the monitoring of displacement measuring device (1)
Fruit come judge cement the well an interface microannulus size；
(2) the channelling experiment of different size microannulus
During b2, analog casing builds the pressure after the cement mortar maintenance under operating mode, closes stop valve three (23), opens stop valve two
(21) channelling pattern is selected, stop valve five (26) is closed, stop valve nine (44) is opened, is formed cement sheath top bottom fixed big
Small pressure difference and it is stable after, close stop valve ten one (41), adjust counterbalance valve two (45), with fixed interval unloader sleeve overpressure,
Intrinsic pressure up to sleeve pipe is zero, and intrinsic pressure often unloading of period sleeve pipe once just carry out channelling test, using displacement measuring device
Monitoring result come judge cement the well an interface microannulus size；
(3) different qualities cement mortar pressure-bearing and sealing aptitude tests
Need to configure mortar architecture of different nature according to test and conserved, after maintenance is finished, close stop valve three
(23) stop valve two (21) is opened, channelling pattern is selected；Close stop valve five (26).Stop valve nine (44) is opened, is now tested and is altered
Hold cement sheath back-pressure rise to identical with cement ring compression, close stop valve nine (44) afterwards, open stop valve ten
One (41), counterbalance valve one (40) is adjusted, cement sheath bottom is tested after altering reduced pressure and cement sheath top formation pressure reduction, is closed and cut
Only valve ten one (41), will test channeling water case (38) and fill water, open stop valve ten (37), stop valve six (35) and will be tested, test
In gradually increase cement sheath top bottom pressure reduction, if monitoring cement sheath bottom back-pressure in test if there is rising, when
Front pressure reduction is considered as the limit sealing pressure of this kind of cement mortar；
(4) different factors are analyzed to the affecting laws of cement sheath sealing integrity
A mud cake properties：Different cake thicknesses can be obtained by changing bleed pressure size and time；Different mud cake properties can pass through
Change rock core lithology and drilling fluid composition is obtained；
B cement thickness：By from different size sleeve pipe, and the end cap up and down of different internal structure size to carry out contrast real
Test；
C curing temperatures and pressure：Temperature control and pressure control are programmed respectively by temperature control instrument and Stress control instrument,
Temperature and pressure change in cement mortar maintenance processes is set.
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