CN102979505A - Well cementation cement sheath performance simulation experiment device and experiment method - Google Patents
Well cementation cement sheath performance simulation experiment device and experiment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102979505A CN102979505A CN2012105211601A CN201210521160A CN102979505A CN 102979505 A CN102979505 A CN 102979505A CN 2012105211601 A CN2012105211601 A CN 2012105211601A CN 201210521160 A CN201210521160 A CN 201210521160A CN 102979505 A CN102979505 A CN 102979505A
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 177
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
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- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019476 oil-water mixture Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention relates to a well cementation cement sheath performance simulation experiment device and an experiment method. The experiment device comprises one set of cement cake circulation device, one set of cement sheath performance detection device and one set of cementing face shearing force experiment device. The experiment method comprises the following steps of: simulating the manufacture process of a well cementation test sample under the practical underground warm-pressing condition; detecting the sealing performance and the corrosion resistance of the cement ring; detecting the sealing performance and the corrosion performance of the cement ring; and detecting cementing face shearing force between a casing pipe test sample and the cement sheath and cementing face shearing force between the cement sheath and a stratum test sample. According to the invention, because the adopted casing pipe test sample has the same size and the material with the casing pipe material applied in the practical well cementation, the adopted stratum test sample is a standard artificial stratum test sample, the porosity-permeability characteristic, the strength characteristic, and the fluid characteristic and the like of the adopted stratum test sample are same with the stratum characteristic in the practical well, the invention can be used for truly simulating the dynamic variation of full-size well cementation, and the simulation condition is accurate. The invention can be widely applied in simulation experiments of various well-cementation dynamic variations.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of analogue experiment installation and experimental technique, particularly about a kind of under actual Temperature-pressure Conditions under oil/gas well, can simulate the well cementation dynamic change cementing concrete ring performance simulation experimental facilities and experimental technique.
Background technology
At present, in the cementing well cementing process, the thickness of drilling fluid mud cake and forming process are very large on the impact of cementing concrete ring cementing strength, and owing to be subject to the impact of the factors such as pump pressure, time of contact and annular volume, the displacement efficiency of flushing liquor flushing manhole process is not fine, therefore in order to simulate downhole drill, well-flushing dynamic change operating mode, the variation of cement sheath cementing strength after the well cementation under the research different condition, improve cementing well cementation effect, the present domestic experimental facilities that many simulation drilling wells and well cementing process have occurred.But because the cementing strength of cement sheath also depends on cement paste height and cement sheath diameter, the annular space of real size is different on the impact of cementing strength with the annular space that proportionally dwindles, the present equal imperfection of domestic experimental assembly of the same type, complete simulated field actual reservoir properties of pore and permeability, can not analog casing and the real size of cement sheath, forming process and cake thickness that can not the real simulation mud cake, and the washing well process of mud cake after forming etc. is on the impact of the second cement plane intensity.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of complete function, simulated conditions are accurate, and experimental technique is effectively and can simulate cementing concrete ring performance simulation experimental facilities and the experimental technique of full-scale well cementation dynamic change.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of cementing concrete ring performance simulation experimental facilities is characterized in that: it comprises a cover mud cake circulating device, a cover cement sheath device for detecting performance and a cover cement plane shearing force experimental facilities; Described mud cake circulating device comprises that one has the lower kettle cover of fluid-through port, the end face of described lower kettle cover is welded with a cylindrical shell, and in the recessed edge of described lower kettle cover, be provided with a bottom bracket, described bottom bracket end face is provided with a stratum sample, described stratum sample end face is provided with a bracket, it is one that be tightly connected with described cylindrical shell and have the upper kettle cover of side liquid outlet and center well logging mouthful that described bracket end face is provided with, and described cylindrical shell center is provided with the experimental tool of a connecting drive device; Described cement sheath device for detecting performance comprises that one has the lower kettle cover of fluid-through port, the end face of described lower kettle cover is welded with a cylindrical shell with side import, and in the recessed edge of described lower kettle cover, be provided with a bottom bracket, described bottom bracket end face is provided with a well cementation sample, and it is one that be tightly connected with described cylindrical shell and have a upper kettle cover of center well logging mouthful that described well cementation sample end face is provided with; Described cement plane shearing force experimental facilities comprises a base, described base top surface center is provided with a projection, described base top surface is provided with a cushion block that is plugged on the described projection, described cushion block end face is provided with a well cementation sample, described well cementation sample end face is provided with a pressed sheet, and the bottom surface of described pressed sheet is provided with a circle flange; Described well cementation sample comprises that one is arranged on outer field stratum sample, and the sleeve pipe sample and of internal layer is set with described stratum sample and the cementing cement sheath together of described sleeve pipe sample.
Described experimental tool is a drilling rod, and described drilling rod upper end is connected to described bracket center by a thimble, and the lower end is connected to the center of described lower kettle cover by a rotating shaft, and described rotating shaft connects a motor by transmission mechanism.
Described experimental tool is a well-flushing pipe, described well-flushing pipe comprises that a woven hose and is connected to sleeve on the described woven hose by upper sealing plate and lower shrouding, described lower shrouding is provided with some vertical leakage fluid drams, be provided with some raidal drainage mouths on the described woven hose between the described upper and lower shrouding, described lower shrouding bottom center is provided with a rotating shaft, described lower kettle cover is passed in described rotating shaft, and connects a motor by transmission mechanism; Described mounting plate is passed at described woven hose top, is rotatably supported in described center well logging mouthful place.
Described bottom bracket comprises an outer toroid, internal diameter in described outer toroid is provided with at least three projected claws, described three projected claws link into an integrated entity by an interior annulus, the height of each the described projected claw in the described interior annulus all is lower than the height of the outer corresponding described projected claw of described interior annulus, and is provided with for the groove that sealing ring is installed at the concave station place that boundary forms.
Described bracket comprises an annulus, and the internal diameter of described annulus is provided with at least three projected claws, and the terminal common connection one of described three projected claws has the disk of centre bore.
Described cushion block comprises respectively two that use, and wherein the external diameter of the external diameter of a described cushion block and described sleeve pipe sample is complementary, and the top edge of another described cushion block is provided with one and encloses flange, and the inside and outside footpath of the inside and outside footpath of flange and described cement sheath is complementary; Described pressed sheet comprises two that use respectively, and wherein the flange internal diameter of a described pressed sheet bottom surface is greater than the external diameter of described sleeve pipe sample, less than the external diameter of described cement sheath; The flange internal diameter of another described pressed sheet bottom surface is greater than the external diameter of described cement sheath.
A kind of cementing concrete ring performance simulation experimental technique of said apparatus may further comprise the steps:
1) making of well cementation sample
A, the stratum sample put into the cylindrical shell of mud cake circulating device, drilling rod is installed in the cylindrical shell, build kettle cover, and seal still upper part of the cover center well logging mouthful, starter motor drives drilling rod and rotates, fluid-through port from lower kettle cover injects drilling fluid continuously simultaneously, and drilling fluid flows out from the liquid outlet of upper kettle cover, and the inwall that the drilling fluid that is taken up by drilling rod can be hung on the stratum sample forms mud cake; B, disable motor take out drilling rod, are bonded in the cake layer thickness of stratum sample inwall by the acoustic logging instrument measurement; C, seal the fluid-through port on the lower kettle cover, the well-flushing pipe is installed in the cylindrical shell, build kettle cover, and the top of woven hose is rotatably supported in the center well logging mouthful place of upper kettle cover, starter motor drives the well-flushing pipe and rotates, and injects flushing fluid from the woven hose top of well-flushing tube hub simultaneously, flushing fluid flows out from the leakage fluid dram of lower shrouding, and upwards be filled in the annular space between stratum sample and the well-flushing pipe, the effect of stirring flushing fluid is played in the rotation of well-flushing pipe, and flushing fluid flows out from the liquid outlet of upper kettle cover; D, disable motor take out the well-flushing pipe, measure the cake layer thickness that is bonded in stratum sample inwall behind the well-flushing by acoustic logging instrument, and by calculating the variation of the forward and backward drilling fluid cake thickness of well-flushing.E, upper and lower carriage, between the sleeve pipe sample of packing into, and inject cementing concrete in the annular space between sleeve pipe sample and the stratum sample and form cement sheath, after cement sheath solidifies, just form one with sleeve pipe sample and the cementing well cementation sample together of stratum sample;
2) detection of the sealing performance of cement sheath and decay resistance
A, simulation oil well cement sheath cement plane sealing propertytest when experiment under fluid pressure action, the well cementation sample that at first step 1) is got is put into the cement sheath device for detecting performance, then inject oil water mixture to the annular space between cylindrical shell and the well cementation sample from the import of cylindrical shell, make oil water mixture pass through the stratum sample and infiltrate cement sheath, and the fluid-through port from lower kettle cover flows out, after utilizing at last sonic wave detector to measure the oil water mixture immersion, the sound wave curve of inside and outside two cement planes of cement sheath; B, simulation gas well cement sheath cement plane sealing propertytest when experiment under the gas pressure effect, the well cementation sample that at first step 1) is got is put into the cement sheath device for detecting performance, then from the import nitrogen injection of cylindrical shell to cylindrical shell and the annular space between the well cementation sample, make nitrogen pass through the stratum sample and infiltrate cement sheath, and the fluid-through port from lower kettle cover flows out, after utilizing at last sonic wave detector to measure the nitrogen immersion, the sound wave curve of inside and outside two cement planes of cement sheath; In c, the simulation carbon dioxide corrosion situation during failure mode of cement sheath cement plane, the well cementation sample that at first step 1) is got is put into the cement sheath device for detecting performance, then from the import injecting carbon dioxide gas of cylindrical shell to cylindrical shell and the annular space between the well cementation sample, make carbon dioxide pass through the stratum sample and infiltrate cement sheath, and the fluid-through port from lower kettle cover flows out, after utilizing at last sonic wave detector to measure the carbon dioxide immersion, the sound wave curve of inside and outside two cement planes of cement sheath;
3) cement plane is sheared force measurements between sleeve pipe sample and the cement sheath
A, in cement plane shearing force experimental facilities, the cushion block of selecting an external diameter and sleeve pipe sample external diameter to be complementary, and being assemblied on the base; B, the well cementation sample that step 1) is obtained are sitting on the cushion block; C, select the pressed sheet of a flange internal diameter and sleeve pipe sample external diameter coupling, and be pressed in the end face of the sample of cementing the well; D, exert pressure to pressed sheet, and be recorded in the course of exerting pressure real time data of cement plane shearing force between sleeve pipe sample and the cement sheath;
4) cement plane is sheared force measurements between cement sheath and the stratum sample
A, in cement plane shearing force experimental facilities, the cushion block of selecting an external diameter and cement sheath external diameter to be complementary, and being assemblied on the base; B, the well cementation sample that step 1) is obtained are sitting on the cushion block; C, select the pressed sheet of a flange internal diameter and cement sheath external diameter coupling, and be pressed in the end face of the sample of cementing the well; D, exert pressure to pressed sheet, and be recorded in the course of exerting pressure real time data of cement plane shearing force between stratum sample and the cement sheath.
The present invention is owing to take above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1, the present invention is because the shell material that the sleeve pipe sample that adopts is used in cementing the well with reality and measure-alike, used stratum sample is the stratum sample of standard, the properties of pore and permeability of stratum sample, strength characteristics and fluid behaviour etc. are all identical with formation characteristics in actual oil/gas well, therefore the present invention can simulate full-scale well cementation dynamic change truly, and simulated conditions are accurate.2, in the analogue experiment installation of the present invention owing to be provided with the mud cake circulating device, therefore as long as in analogue experiment installation fit on drilling rod or well-flushing pipe, just can simulate the forming process of drilling fluid mud cake in the actual well drilled process, or flushing liquor flushing manhole process.3, in the analogue experiment installation of the present invention owing to be provided with the cement sheath device for detecting performance, therefore if in the cement sheath device for detecting performance filling liquid, gas or carbon dioxide, just can detect respectively various liquid or gas to the impact of cement sheath cement plane, and carbon dioxide is to the corrosiveness of cement sheath cement plane.4, the present invention is owing to be respectively arranged with kettle cover and lower kettle cover in mud cake circulating device and cement sheath device for detecting performance, temperature and pressure in the device all can be regulated, therefore, not only can simulate under the real well dynamic change of well cementation operating mode under the Temperature-pressure Conditions, and can detect under the real well sealing of cement sheath under the Temperature-pressure Conditions.Analogue experiment installation complete function of the present invention, experimental technique is simply effective, and it can be widely used in the simulated experiment of various well cementation dynamic changes.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is mud cake circulating device structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 2 is cement sheath device for detecting performance structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 3 is cement plane shearing force experimental facilities structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the mud cake circulating device structural representation that the present invention is equipped with the well-flushing pipe
Fig. 5 is mud cake circulating device bottom bracket structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 6 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 5
Fig. 7 is mud cake circulating device bracket structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 8 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 7
Fig. 9 is cement plane shearing force experimental facilities understructure schematic diagram of the present invention
Figure 10 is cement plane shearing force experimental facilities small cushion block structural representation of the present invention
Figure 11 is cement plane shearing force experimental facilities big cushion block structural representation of the present invention
Figure 12 is the little pressed sheet structural representation of cement plane shearing force experimental facilities of the present invention
Figure 13 is cement plane shearing force experimental facilities favourable opposition pressure plate structure schematic diagram of the present invention
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in detail.
Such as Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, apparatus of the present invention comprise mud cake circulating device 1, cement sheath device for detecting performance 2 and cement plane shearing force experimental facilities 3.
Such as Fig. 1, shown in Figure 4, mud cake circulating device 1 comprises lower kettle cover 11, bottom bracket 12, cylindrical shell 13, bracket 14, upper kettle cover 15, stratum sample 16, and experimental requirement 3 also is provided with the experimental tools such as drilling rod 7 or well-flushing pipe 8 in cylindrical shell.The end face of lower kettle cover 11 and bottom center are respectively arranged with a circle recessed edge 111,112, the vertical fluid-through port 113 that is provided with on the recessed edge 112 of end face.
Such as Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6, the bottom bracket 12 of mud cake circulating device 1 comprises an outer toroid 121, internal diameter in outer toroid 121 is provided with at least three projected claws 122, three projected claws 122 link into an integrated entity by an interior annulus 123, the height of each projected claw 122 of 123 all is lower than the height of the corresponding projected claw 122 outside the interior annulus 123 in the interior annulus, and be formed with a concave station 124 at boundary, concave station 124 facades are concaved with for the groove 125 that sealing ring is installed.Bottom bracket 12 is assemblied in the recessed edge 112 interior (as shown in Figure 1) of lower kettle cover 11 end faces.
Such as Fig. 1, shown in Figure 4, cylindrical shell 13 tops of mud cake circulating device 1 are provided with internal thread 131, be provided with a circle inward flange 132 in the cylindrical shell 13 below internal thread, the facade of inward flange 132 is provided with the groove that two circles are used for installing sealing ring 133, and the bottom welding of cylindrical shell 13 is on lower kettle cover 11.
Such as Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8, the bracket 14 of mud cake circulating device 1 comprises an annulus 141, is provided with at least three projected claws 142 at the internal diameter of annulus 141, and each projected claw 142 terminal common connects a disk 144 with centre bore 143.
Such as Fig. 1, shown in Figure 4, the upper end that upper kettle cover 15 bottoms of mud cake circulating device 1 are sealedly connected on cylindrical shell 13 by the external screw thread that arranges on it and two sealing rings 133, upper kettle cover 15 tops have a projection that makes progress 151, be provided with the liquid outlet 152 that supplies drilling fluid and flushing fluid to discharge in protruding 151 sides, be provided with center well logging mouth 153 at protruding 151 end face centers.The top of upper kettle cover 15 can be provided with the suspension ring 154 of connecting hoisting device.
The stratum sample 16 of mud cake circulating device 1 is sitting on the outer toroid 121 of bottom bracket 12 in the form of a ring, and bracket 14 is placed on the top of stratum sample, upper kettle cover 15 is tightened on cylindrical shell 13 tops after, the bottom surface of upper kettle cover 15 can compress bracket 14.
Drilling rod 17 top and bottom of mud cake circulating device 1 respectively arrange a shrouding 171,172, and upper sealing plate 171 centers are fixedly connected with a thimble 173, and lower shrouding 172 centers are fixedly connected with a rotating shaft 174.When using drilling rod 17, the thimble 173 of upper sealing plate 171 inserts in the centre bore 143 of bracket 14, and rotating shaft 174 bottoms of lower shrouding 172 pass lower kettle cover 11, and are connected with the motor (not shown) by transmission mechanism.
As shown in Figure 4, the well-flushing pipe 18 of mud cake circulating device 1 comprises a sleeve 181, the upper and lower end of sleeve 181 respectively is welded with a shrouding 182,183, upper and lower shrouding 182,183 center are fixedly connected with a woven hose 184 jointly, be provided with some vertical leakage fluid drams 185 on the lower shrouding 183, and the bottom center of lower shrouding 183 is welded with a rotating shaft 186; Be provided with some raidal drainage mouths 187 on the woven hose 184 between the upper and lower shrouding 182,183.When needing well-flushing drilling rod 17 is taken out, the rotating shaft bottom of lower shrouding bottom surface is passed lower kettle cover 11, and be connected with motor by transmission mechanism; Mounting plate 14 is passed at woven hose 184 tops, and is rotatably supported in well logging mouthful 153 places, center by a disk 188.
As shown in Figure 2, cement sheath device for detecting performance 2 of the present invention comprises lower kettle cover 21, bottom bracket 22, cylindrical shell 23, well cementation sample 24 and upper kettle cover 25.
The lower kettle cover 21 of cement sheath device for detecting performance 2 is similar with the lower kettle cover 11 of mud cake circulating device 1, and the two something in common is: end face also has the recessed edge 211 of a circle, the vertical fluid-through port 212 that is provided with; The two difference is: the bottom surface of lower kettle cover 21 is the plane.
The bottom bracket 22 of cement sheath device for detecting performance 2 is identical with the bottom bracket 12 of mud cake circulating device 1, does not repeat them here.
The cylindrical shell 23 of cement sheath device for detecting performance 2 is similar with the cylindrical shell 13 of mud cake circulating device 1, the two something in common is: cylindrical shell 23 tops also are provided with internal thread 231, be provided with a circle inward flange 232 in the cylindrical shell 23 below internal thread, inward flange 232 interior facades are provided with the groove that two circles are used for installing sealing ring 233, and cylindrical shell 23 is welded on the lower kettle cover 21; The two difference is: be provided with an import 234 on the barrel of cylindrical shell 23, be used for feed liquor, air inlet etc.
The well cementation sample 24 of cement sheath device for detecting performance 2 comprises and is arranged on outer field stratum sample 16, be arranged on the sleeve pipe sample 241 of internal layer, be filled in the annular volume between sleeve pipe sample 241 and the stratum sample 16, with sleeve pipe sample 241 and stratum sample 16 cementing cement sheaths 242 together.Well cementation sample 24 is sitting on the bottom bracket 22.
The upper kettle cover 25 of cement sheath device for detecting performance 2 is similar with the upper kettle cover 15 of mud cake circulating device 1, the two something in common is: the upper end that external screw thread and two sealing rings 251 of upper kettle cover 25 bottoms by setting it on are sealedly connected on cylindrical shell 23, and the top of upper kettle cover 25 can arrange the suspension ring 253 of connecting hoisting device; The two difference is: upper kettle cover 25 does not have projection 151 upwards, but at the center of upper kettle cover 25 a well logging mouth 253 is set.
As shown in Figure 3, cement plane shearing force experimental facilities 3 of the present invention comprises base 31, cushion block 32 and pressed sheet 33.
Such as Fig. 3, shown in Figure 9, the base 31 end face centers of cement plane shearing force experimental facilities 3 are provided with a projection 311.
As shown in Figure 3, cushion block 32 bottom center of cement plane shearing force experimental facilities 3 are provided with a shrinkage pool 321 that cooperates with projection on the base 31.The present invention is provided with the cushion block 32 of different size according to the needs of test, such as: as shown in figure 10, when needs are tested the shearing force of cement plane between sleeve pipe 241 and the cement sheath 242, the cushion block 32 that can use diameter and sleeve pipe sample 241 external diameters to be complementary, the external diameter that is cushion block 32 is identical or slightly little with the external diameter of sleeve pipe sample 241, but can not be less than the internal diameter of sleeve pipe sample 241; As shown in figure 11, when needs are tested the shearing force of cement plane between cement sheath 242 and the stratum sample 16, the cushion block 32 that can use diameter and stratum sample 16 internal diameters to be complementary, this moment, cushion block 32 edges were provided with a circle flange 322, the dimension of inner and outer diameters of the dimension of inner and outer diameters of flange 322 and cement sheath 242 is complementary, and namely the dimension of inner and outer diameters of flange 322 is identical or slightly little with the dimension of inner and outer diameters of cement sheath 242.
As shown in Figure 3, the pressed sheet 33 of cement plane shearing force experimental facilities 3 comprises a disk 331, and the bottom surface of disk 331 is provided with a circle flange 332.The present invention is provided with the pressed sheet 33 of different size according to the needs of test, such as: as shown in figure 12, when needs are tested the shearing force of cement plane between sleeve pipe 241 and the cement sheath 242, the pressed sheet 33 that can use flange 332 internal diameters and sleeve pipe sample 241 external diameters to be complementary, be that flange 332 internal diameters are identical with sleeve pipe sample 241 external diameters or slightly large, but can not be greater than the external diameter of cement sheath 242; As shown in figure 13, when needs are tested the shearing force of cement plane between cement sheath 242 and the stratum sample 16, the pressed sheet 33 that can use flange 334 internal diameters and stratum sample 16 internal diameters to be complementary, namely flange 334 internal diameters of pressed sheet 33 are identical with stratum sample 16 internal diameters or slightly large.
The inventive method comprises the making of the sample of cementing the well, the detection of cement sheath sealing and the test of two cement plane shearing forces of cement sheath, and each step is as follows:
1) making of well cementation sample
A, stratum sample 16 put into the cylindrical shell 13 of mud cake circulating device 1, drilling rod 17 is installed in the cylindrical shell 13, build kettle cover 15, and seal the center well logging mouthfuls 153 on kettle cover 15 tops, starter motor drives drilling rod 17 and rotates, fluid-through port 113 from lower kettle cover 11 injects drilling fluids continuously simultaneously, and drilling fluid flows out from the liquid outlet 152 of upper kettle cover 15, and the inwall that the drilling fluid that is taken up by drilling rod 17 can be hung on stratum sample 16 forms mud cake;
B, disable motor take out drilling rod 17, are bonded in the cake layer thickness of stratum sample 16 inwalls by the acoustic logging instrument measurement;
C, seal the fluid-through port 113 on the lower kettle cover 11, well-flushing pipe 18 is installed in the cylindrical shell 13, build kettle cover 15, and the top of woven hose 184 is rotatably supported in well logging mouthful 153 places, center of upper kettle cover 15, starter motor drives well-flushing pipe 18 and rotates, inject flushing fluid from woven hose 184 tops at well-flushing pipe 18 centers simultaneously, flushing fluid flows out from the leakage fluid dram 185 of lower shrouding 183, and upwards be filled in the annular space between stratum sample 16 and the well-flushing pipe 18, the effect of stirring flushing fluid is played in the rotation of well-flushing pipe 18, and flushing fluid flows out from the liquid outlet 152 of upper kettle cover 15;
D, disable motor take out well-flushing pipe 18, measure the cake layer thickness that is bonded in sample 16 inwalls in stratum behind the well-flushing by acoustic logging instrument, and by calculating the variation of the forward and backward drilling fluid cake thickness of well-flushing.
E, the sleeve pipe sample 241 of between upper and lower carriage 12,14, packing into, and in the annular space between sleeve pipe sample 241 and the stratum sample 16, inject cementing concrete formation cement sheath 242, after cement sheath 242 solidifies, just form one with sleeve pipe sample 241 and stratum sample 16 cementing well cementation samples 24 together;
2) detection of the sealing performance of cement sheath and decay resistance
A, simulation oil well cement sheath 242 cement plane sealing propertytests when experiment under fluid pressure action, the well cementation sample 24 that at first step 1) is got is put into cement sheath device for detecting performance 2, then inject oil water mixture to the annular space between cylindrical shell 23 and the well cementation sample 24 from the import 234 of cylindrical shell 23, make oil water mixture pass through stratum sample 16 and infiltrate cement sheath 242, and the fluid-through port 212 from lower axe lid 21 flows out, after utilizing at last the sonic test instrument to measure the oil water mixture immersion, the sound wave curve of cement sheath 242 inside and outside two cement planes;
B, simulation gas well cement sheath cement plane sealing propertytest when experiment under the gas pressure effect, the well cementation sample 24 that at first step 1) is got is put into cement sheath device for detecting performance 2, then from import 234 nitrogen injections of cylindrical shell 23 to cylindrical shell 23 and the annular space between the well cementation sample 24, make nitrogen pass through stratum sample 16 and infiltrate cement sheath 242, and the fluid-through port 212 from lower axe lid 21 flows out, after utilizing at last the sonic test instrument to measure the nitrogen immersion, the sound wave curve of cement sheath 242 inside and outside two cement planes;
In c, the simulation carbon dioxide corrosion situation during failure mode of cement sheath cement plane, the well cementation sample 24 that at first step 1) is got is put into cement sheath device for detecting performance 2, then from the import 234 injecting carbon dioxide gases of cylindrical shell 23 to cylindrical shell 23 and the annular space between the well cementation sample 24, make carbon dioxide pass through stratum sample 16 and infiltrate cement sheath, and the fluid-through port 212 from lower axe lid 21 flows out, after utilizing at last the sonic test instrument to measure the carbon dioxide immersion, the sound wave curve of cement sheath 242 inside and outside two cement planes;
3) cement plane is sheared force measurements between sleeve pipe sample and the cement sheath
A, in cement plane shearing force experimental facilities 3, the cushion block 32 of selecting an external diameter and sleeve pipe sample 241 external diameters to be complementary, and being assemblied on the base 31;
B, the well cementation sample 24 that step 1) is obtained are sitting on the cushion block 32;
C, select the pressed sheet 33 of a flange internal diameter and sleeve pipe sample 241 external diameters coupling, and be pressed in the end face of the sample 24 of cementing the well;
D, exert pressure to pressed sheet 33, and be recorded in the course of exerting pressure real time data of cement plane shearing force between sleeve pipe sample and the cement sheath;
4) cement plane is sheared force measurements between cement sheath and the stratum sample
A, in cement plane shearing force experimental facilities 3, the cushion block 32 of selecting an external diameter and cement sheath 242 external diameters to be complementary, and being assemblied on the base 31;
B, the well cementation sample 24 that step 1) is obtained are sitting on the cushion block 32;
C, select the pressed sheet 33 of a flange internal diameter and cement sheath 242 external diameters coupling, and be pressed in the end face of the sample 24 of cementing the well;
D, exert pressure to pressed sheet 33, and be recorded in the course of exerting pressure real time data of cement plane shearing force between stratum sample 16 and the cement sheath 242.
The various embodiments described above only are used for explanation the present invention, and wherein the structure of each parts, connected mode etc. all can change to some extent, and every equivalents and improvement of carrying out on the basis of technical solution of the present invention all should do not got rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. cementing concrete ring performance simulation experimental facilities is characterized in that: it comprises a cover mud cake circulating device, a cover cement sheath device for detecting performance and a cover cement plane shearing force experimental facilities;
Described mud cake circulating device comprises that one has the lower kettle cover of fluid-through port, the end face of described lower kettle cover is welded with a cylindrical shell, and in the recessed edge of described lower kettle cover, be provided with a bottom bracket, described bottom bracket end face is provided with a stratum sample, described stratum sample end face is provided with a bracket, it is one that be tightly connected with described cylindrical shell and have the upper kettle cover of side liquid outlet and center well logging mouthful that described bracket end face is provided with, and described cylindrical shell center is provided with the experimental tool of a connecting drive device;
Described cement sheath device for detecting performance comprises that one has the lower kettle cover of fluid-through port, the end face of described lower kettle cover is welded with a cylindrical shell with side import, and in the recessed edge of described lower kettle cover, be provided with a bottom bracket, described bottom bracket end face is provided with a well cementation sample, and it is one that be tightly connected with described cylindrical shell and have a upper kettle cover of center well logging mouthful that described well cementation sample end face is provided with;
Described cement plane shearing force experimental facilities comprises a base, described base top surface center is provided with a projection, described base top surface is provided with a cushion block that is plugged on the described projection, described cushion block end face is provided with a well cementation sample, described well cementation sample end face is provided with a pressed sheet, and the bottom surface of described pressed sheet is provided with a circle flange;
Described well cementation sample comprises that one is arranged on outer field stratum sample, and the sleeve pipe sample and of internal layer is set with described stratum sample and the cementing cement sheath together of described sleeve pipe sample.
2. a kind of cementing concrete ring performance simulation experimental facilities as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described experimental tool is a drilling rod, described drilling rod upper end is connected to described bracket center by a thimble, the lower end is connected to the center of described lower kettle cover by a rotating shaft, and described rotating shaft connects a motor by transmission mechanism.
3. a kind of cementing concrete ring performance simulation experimental facilities as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described experimental tool is a well-flushing pipe, described well-flushing pipe comprises that a woven hose and is connected to sleeve on the described woven hose by upper sealing plate and lower shrouding, described lower shrouding is provided with some vertical leakage fluid drams, be provided with some raidal drainage mouths on the described woven hose between the described upper and lower shrouding, described lower shrouding bottom center is provided with a rotating shaft, described lower kettle cover is passed in described rotating shaft, and connects a motor by transmission mechanism; Described mounting plate is passed at described woven hose top, is rotatably supported in described center well logging mouthful place.
4. such as claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of cementing concrete ring performance simulation experimental facilitiess, it is characterized in that: described bottom bracket comprises an outer toroid, internal diameter in described outer toroid is provided with at least three projected claws, described three projected claws link into an integrated entity by an interior annulus, the height of each the described projected claw in the described interior annulus all is lower than the height of the outer corresponding described projected claw of described interior annulus, and is provided with for the groove that sealing ring is installed at the concave station place that boundary forms.
5. such as claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of cementing concrete ring performance simulation experimental facilitiess, it is characterized in that: described bracket comprises an annulus, the internal diameter of described annulus is provided with at least three projected claws, and the terminal common connection one of described three projected claws has the disk of centre bore.
6. a kind of cementing concrete ring performance simulation experimental facilities as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described bracket comprises an annulus, internal diameter at described annulus is provided with at least three projected claws, and the terminal common connection one of described three projected claws has the disk of centre bore.
7. such as claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 6 described a kind of cementing concrete ring performance simulation experimental facilitiess, it is characterized in that: described cushion block comprises two that use respectively, wherein the external diameter of the external diameter of a described cushion block and described sleeve pipe sample is complementary, the top edge of another described cushion block is provided with a circle flange, and the inside and outside footpath of the inside and outside footpath of flange and described cement sheath is complementary; Described pressed sheet comprises two that use respectively, and wherein the flange internal diameter of a described pressed sheet bottom surface is greater than the external diameter of described sleeve pipe sample, less than the external diameter of described cement sheath; The flange internal diameter of another described pressed sheet bottom surface is greater than the external diameter of described cement sheath.
8. a kind of cementing concrete ring performance simulation experimental facilities as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described cushion block comprises two that use respectively, wherein the external diameter of the external diameter of a described cushion block and described sleeve pipe sample is complementary, the top edge of another described cushion block is provided with a circle flange, and the inside and outside footpath of the inside and outside footpath of flange and described cement sheath is complementary; Described pressed sheet comprises two that use respectively, and wherein the flange internal diameter of a described pressed sheet bottom surface is greater than the external diameter of described sleeve pipe sample, less than the external diameter of described cement sheath; The flange internal diameter of another described pressed sheet bottom surface is greater than the external diameter of described cement sheath.
9. a kind of cementing concrete ring performance simulation experimental facilities as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described cushion block comprises two that use respectively, wherein the external diameter of the external diameter of a described cushion block and described sleeve pipe sample is complementary, the top edge of another described cushion block is provided with a circle flange, and the inside and outside footpath of the inside and outside footpath of flange and described cement sheath is complementary; Described pressed sheet comprises two that use respectively, and wherein the flange internal diameter of a described pressed sheet bottom surface is greater than the external diameter of described sleeve pipe sample, less than the external diameter of described cement sheath; The flange internal diameter of another described pressed sheet bottom surface is greater than the external diameter of described cement sheath.
10. cementing concrete ring performance simulation experimental technique such as claim 1～9 device as described in each may further comprise the steps:
1) making of well cementation sample
A, the stratum sample put into the cylindrical shell of mud cake circulating device, drilling rod is installed in the cylindrical shell, build kettle cover, and seal still upper part of the cover center well logging mouthful, starter motor drives drilling rod and rotates, fluid-through port from lower kettle cover injects drilling fluid continuously simultaneously, and drilling fluid flows out from the liquid outlet of upper kettle cover, and the inwall that the drilling fluid that is taken up by drilling rod can be hung on the stratum sample forms mud cake;
B, disable motor take out drilling rod, are bonded in the cake layer thickness of stratum sample inwall by the acoustic logging instrument measurement;
C, seal the fluid-through port on the lower kettle cover, the well-flushing pipe is installed in the cylindrical shell, build kettle cover, and the top of woven hose is rotatably supported in the center well logging mouthful place of upper kettle cover, starter motor drives the well-flushing pipe and rotates, and injects flushing fluid from the woven hose top of well-flushing tube hub simultaneously, flushing fluid flows out from the leakage fluid dram of lower shrouding, and upwards be filled in the annular space between stratum sample and the well-flushing pipe, the effect of stirring flushing fluid is played in the rotation of well-flushing pipe, and flushing fluid flows out from the liquid outlet of upper kettle cover;
D, disable motor take out the well-flushing pipe, measure the cake layer thickness that is bonded in stratum sample inwall behind the well-flushing by acoustic logging instrument, and by calculating the variation of the forward and backward drilling fluid cake thickness of well-flushing.
E, upper and lower carriage, between the sleeve pipe sample of packing into, and inject cementing concrete in the annular space between sleeve pipe sample and the stratum sample and form cement sheath, after cement sheath solidifies, just form one with sleeve pipe sample and the cementing well cementation sample together of stratum sample;
2) detection of the sealing performance of cement sheath and decay resistance
A, simulation oil well cement sheath cement plane sealing propertytest when experiment under fluid pressure action, the well cementation sample that at first step 1) is got is put into the cement sheath device for detecting performance, then inject oil water mixture to the annular space between cylindrical shell and the well cementation sample from the import of cylindrical shell, make oil water mixture pass through the stratum sample and infiltrate cement sheath, and the fluid-through port from lower kettle cover flows out, after utilizing at last sonic wave detector to measure the oil water mixture immersion, the sound wave curve of inside and outside two cement planes of cement sheath;
B, simulation gas well cement sheath cement plane sealing propertytest when experiment under the gas pressure effect, the well cementation sample that at first step 1) is got is put into the cement sheath device for detecting performance, then from the import nitrogen injection of cylindrical shell to cylindrical shell and the annular space between the well cementation sample, make nitrogen pass through the stratum sample and infiltrate cement sheath, and the fluid-through port from lower kettle cover flows out, after utilizing at last sonic wave detector to measure the nitrogen immersion, the sound wave curve of inside and outside two cement planes of cement sheath;
In c, the simulation carbon dioxide corrosion situation during failure mode of cement sheath cement plane, the well cementation sample that at first step 1) is got is put into the cement sheath device for detecting performance, then from the import injecting carbon dioxide gas of cylindrical shell to cylindrical shell and the annular space between the well cementation sample, make carbon dioxide pass through the stratum sample and infiltrate cement sheath, and the fluid-through port from lower kettle cover flows out, after utilizing at last sonic wave detector to measure the carbon dioxide immersion, the sound wave curve of inside and outside two cement planes of cement sheath;
3) cement plane is sheared force measurements between sleeve pipe sample and the cement sheath
A, in cement plane shearing force experimental facilities, the cushion block of selecting an external diameter and sleeve pipe sample external diameter to be complementary, and being assemblied on the base;
B, the well cementation sample that step 1) is obtained are sitting on the cushion block;
C, select the pressed sheet of a flange internal diameter and sleeve pipe sample external diameter coupling, and be pressed in the end face of the sample of cementing the well;
D, exert pressure to pressed sheet, and be recorded in the course of exerting pressure real time data of cement plane shearing force between sleeve pipe sample and the cement sheath;
4) cement plane is sheared force measurements between cement sheath and the stratum sample
A, in cement plane shearing force experimental facilities, the cushion block of selecting an external diameter and cement sheath external diameter to be complementary, and being assemblied on the base;
B, the well cementation sample that step 1) is obtained are sitting on the cushion block;
C, select the pressed sheet of a flange internal diameter and cement sheath external diameter coupling, and be pressed in the end face of the sample of cementing the well;
D, exert pressure to pressed sheet, and be recorded in the course of exerting pressure real time data of cement plane shearing force between stratum sample and the cement sheath.
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