CN108361024A - The experimental provision and method that evaluation oil pipe shock loading influences cement sheath integrality - Google Patents
The experimental provision and method that evaluation oil pipe shock loading influences cement sheath integrality Download PDFInfo
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- CN108361024A CN108361024A CN201810119649.3A CN201810119649A CN108361024A CN 108361024 A CN108361024 A CN 108361024A CN 201810119649 A CN201810119649 A CN 201810119649A CN 108361024 A CN108361024 A CN 108361024A
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- cement sheath
- casing
- gas
- pressure
- kettle cover
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/005—Monitoring or checking of cementation quality or level
Abstract
The experimental provision and method that cement sheath integrality is influenced the invention discloses evaluation oil pipe shock loading, the device is mainly made of autoclave body 1, heating mantles 2, simulation country rock 3, casing 5, jar 6, gas turnover pipeline 13, heating mantles are set outside autoclave body, simulation country rock cement sheath sleeve combination body is formed in autoclave body, there is jar in casing, upper kettle cover has internal pressure to increase decompression valve, lower kettle cover has confining pressure to increase decompression valve, it is additionally provided with gas turnover pipeline, the gas feed of cement sheath lower face connects nitrogen cylinder, and the gas vent of cement sheath upper surface connects gas flowmeter.This method includes：Change experimental temperature pressure, open jar, make jar constant impingement internal surface of sleeve pipe, whether evaluation cement sheath occurs seal failure in cement sheath end face.The present invention can simulate under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, and oil pipe sustained vibration causes shock loading to casing, detect and evaluate influence of the mechanical oscillation to cement sheath integrality, have a vast market foreground.
Description
Technical field
Cement sheath integrality is influenced the present invention relates to petroleum works well cementation field oil pipe shock loading experimental provision and
Method.
Background technology
Oil gas well cementing operation cement sheath, which has, protects and supports the casing in oil/gas well, ensures Inter-zonal packing, prevents oil gas water
The effect altered.Cement sheath will singly not bear the erosion of formation fluid in subsurface environment, also require to apply in formation rock and casing
Ensure cement sheath integrality under the complex load of work pressure, ensures oil gas safe working.
Currently, China western part gas field is generally faced with the problems such as big pay zone depth, high pressure-temperature, cement sheath is often faced with
Severe Service Environment, this proposes challenge also to cement sheath items mechanical property to cement sheath integrality.In drilling process,
The operations such as cycle down density, casing pressure test can make well cylinder pressure there is reduction or raised process；When formation testing pilot production, acidification
Pressure break stage, side's low-density acid solutions up to a hundred or fracturing fluid, which quickly squeeze into stratum, can cause the case where there are cryogenic high pressures in pit shaft；
In production process, the accident treatments such as emergency shutdown process can also cause cement sheath load impacting, or even high pressure during normal production
The random mechanical oscillation in casing of thermal force and oil pipe of the high-temperature gas in oil pipe to payzone upper annulus continue
Shock loading cement sheath integrality can also be affected and be challenged.
In recent years, the temperature, pressure variation in casing causes the forfeiture of cement sheath integrality to be widely studied.Such as patent " one
Kind cementing concrete ring seal is every ability dynamic checkout unit and experimental method "（201611132395.6）It being capable of the change of analog temperature pressure
Change, the radial displacement of casing and circumferentially displaced, the water in the case of research temperature, pressure CYCLIC LOADING of simulation country rock can be measured
Mud ring seal is every ability；" cement sheath sealing integrity experimental provision "（SPE 168321）It can be with analog temperature pressure change, simultaneously
Bias can be simulated, one second interface of cement sheath is detected and whether ontology occurs seal failure under Thermal Load；Patent is " a kind of
Deep water cementing cement sheath insulates performance testing device "（CN 103174409A）, Different Strata is simulated using different kind of material,
Instrument is furnished with foil gauge, and for measuring cement sheath strain, so as to calculating stress, by changing casing internal pressure, test cement sheath is complete
Whole property；Domestic many research producers devise the product of oneself also for cement sheath packing ability, and main purpose is also simulation well
Lower temperature, pressure condition, and detect whether cement sheath occurs mechanics failure under the effect of casing internal pressure.
The device and experimental method researched and developed at present concentrate on shadow of the variation of temperature, pressure in pit shaft to casing-cement sheath extensively
Aspect is rung, for tubing vibration in production process, constant impingement casing-cement sheath assembly causes shock loading to influence cement sheath
The research approach of integrality is also not directed to.For gas well at HTHP, the cement sheath often severe work in drilling well During Oil Testing Process
It can ensure wellbore integrity under condition, but in normal productive process, wellbore pressure temperature change is more slow compared to drilling well formation testing
With under conditions of, cement sheath, which generates damage, causes well head gradually with pressure, thus during researching and producing oil pipe sustained vibration to water
The affecting laws and micromechanism of damage of mud ring integrality, become the task of top priority.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide the experimental provision that evaluation oil pipe shock loading influences cement sheath integrality, the dresses
The actual temperature pressure environment that can simulate cement sheath in underground is set, while oil pipe can be simulated in pit shaft internal vibration, to casing-
Cement sheath causes the working condition of shock loading, and the influence for research tubing vibration to cement sheath integrality provides basis, makes up
The deficiency of current research means of testing.
Another object of the present invention also resides in offer and evaluates oil pipe shock loading to cement sheath integrality using above-mentioned apparatus
The method of influence, this method principle is reliable, easy to operate, can simulate tubing vibration process and test, evaluates it to casing cement
The influence of ring assembly, has a vast market foreground.
To reach the above technical purpose, the present invention uses following technical scheme.
The experimental provision that evaluation oil pipe shock loading influences cement sheath integrality, simulation country rock-is poured by liquid cement
Maintenance temperature, pressure is adjusted to experiment condition by the annular space between casing, and time congeals into ring, to form simulation country rock-cement
Ring-sleeve combination body changes experimental temperature pressure according to different underground workings, opens jar, makes jar constant impingement set
Whether inside pipe wall occurs seal failure in cement sheath end face using high pressure gas evaluation cement sheath, which can simulate in height
Under warm condition of high voltage, oil pipe sustained vibration causes shock loading to casing, detects and evaluates mechanical oscillation to cement sheath integrality
Influence, test cement sheath occurs seal failure in which kind of operating mode, judges the tubing vibration in actual job to casing cement sheath
Influence.
The present invention more truly simulates influence of the tubing vibration to casing cement sheath, 200 DEG C of temperature upper limit, while can
Change pressure and temperature during the experiment.Simulate pressure from surrounding rock upper limit 100MPa, analog casing internal pressure upper limit 120MPa.
The experimental provision that evaluation oil pipe shock loading influences cement sheath integrality, is mainly enclosed by autoclave body, heating mantles, simulation
Rock, casing, jar, strainer, eccentric mounting, gas turnover pipeline composition.
The autoclave body is steel hollow cylinder, and device is heated by autoclave body external heat cover, is simulation country rock and set in autoclave body
Pipe, to simulation country rock and casing between annular space be placed in cement mortar, cement mortar conserves to form cement sheath after, formed in autoclave body
Country rock-cement sheath-sleeve combination body is simulated, has jar in casing, can be random in casing internal vibration after unlatching, machinery is hit
Hit casing wall.
The autoclave body has upper kettle cover, lower kettle cover；Upper kettle cover, lower kettle cover and simulation country rock-cement sheath-sleeve combination body end face
Contact portion is strainer, seal washer and eccentric mounting；Lower kettle cover is equipped with confining pressure and increases decompression valve, and upper kettle cover is equipped with internal pressure and increases decompression
Valve；Upper kettle cover, lower kettle cover are additionally provided with gas turnover pipeline, and gas turnover pipeline is connected to the upper and lower end face of cement sheath；The gas
Turnover pipeline has gas feed and gas vent, the gas feed of cement sheath lower face to connect nitrogen cylinder, cement sheath upper surface
Gas vent connects gas flowmeter.
The jar is placed in inside pipe casing, and continuously variable can work normally under high temperature and high pressure environment.
The kettle cover up and down uses stainless steel, size to be matched with autoclave body, reaches sealing " simulation country rock-cement sheath-set
The purpose of pipe " assembly.
The simulation country rock is copper alloy, can be tested on the basis of restoring actual formation geologic parameter.
All pressure manifolds of described device are the stainless steel tubing that can bear 140MPa.
Described device has connecting elements and sealing element, and connecting elements is screw thread, nut, pressure ring；Sealing element is gasket and O
Type circle, material are polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
When the present invention not only can be placed in the middle with analog casing under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions oil pipe shock loading to cement sheath integrality
It influences, can also be tested under out-of-round oversized hole, elliptical hole, bias, slurry, the unequal simulated conditions of filling, it can root
According to actual conditions adjusting apparatus internal structure, test structure is enriched, the condition of research is more extensive.
The present invention also can inject fluid by changing cement sheath end face, and oil pipe shock loading is to cement under analysis etching condition
Ring integrality influences.
The experimental method influenced on cement sheath integrality using above-mentioned apparatus test oil pipe shock loading includes following successively
Step：
(1) required cement mortar is prepared according to API regulations, poured into the annular space of simulation country rock and casing, kettle cover in sealing, root
Temperature, pressure when according to underground cementing operation operation, is converted into the temperature, pressure in experimental provision, really by corresponding equivalent model
Determine curing condition and a series of experiments operating mode；
(2) by gas turnover pipeline connect compression pump, adjust autoclave body in temperature, casing internal pressure, simulation country rock outside confining pressure with
And cement sheath end force is required to curing condition according to site operation, waits solidifying, maintenance hardening cyclization, shape at the appointed time
At simulation country rock-cement sheath-sleeve combination body；
(3) gas feed of cement sheath lower face is connected into nitrogen cylinder, the gas vent of cement sheath upper surface connects gas flow
Meter keeps confining pressure certain, starts to test according to experiment condition, while opening jar, and simulation oil pipe is adjusted in casing internal vibration
Temperature, pressure in casing is stablized after a certain period of time, adjusts temperature, pressure and continues to test, and it is close to monitor cement sheath by gas flowmeter
Seal failure conditions；
(4) simulation country rock-cement sheath-sleeve combination body is taken out, microcosmic detection, the microcrack generated in detection cement sheath, one are
The microannulus generated at second interface analyzes cement sheath seal failure form.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
Influence of the oil pipe shock loading to cement sheath integrality can be simulated, previous test device is simulation high temperature and pressure ring
Border, the deformation under temperature, pressure load of test casing, cement sheath, degree of impairment, but in actual production, oil pipe is in casing
Interior mechanical oscillation, constant impingement casing, this can cause shock loading to casing, cement sheath, influence cement sheath integrality, the present invention
The tubing vibration process can be simulated and test its influence to casing-cement mantle body, filled up the blank of the prior art.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram for evaluating the experimental provision that oil pipe shock loading influences cement sheath integrality.
In figure：1- autoclave bodies；2- heating mantles；3- simulates country rock；4- cement sheaths；5- casings；6- jars；The upper kettle covers of 7-；8-
Lower kettle cover；9- seal washers；10- strainers；11- eccentric mountings；12- internal pressures increase decompression valve；13- gas turnover pipelines；14- confining pressures
Increase decompression valve.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
It should be noted that：Related technical personnel without departing from the principle of the present invention, can also make several change
Into and retouching, these improvements and modifications belong within the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1.
The experimental provision that evaluation oil pipe shock loading influences cement sheath integrality, mainly by autoclave body 1, heating mantles 2, simulation
Country rock 3, casing 5, jar 6, strainer 10, seal washer 9, eccentric mounting 11, gas turnover pipeline 13 form.
The autoclave body 1 is steel hollow cylinder, and heating mantles 2 are arranged outside autoclave body, is to simulate country rock 3 and casing 5 in autoclave body, to
The annular space simulated between country rock and casing is placed in cement mortar, cement mortar conserves to form cement sheath 4 after, simulation is formed in autoclave body
Country rock-cement sheath-sleeve combination body has jar 6 in casing 5, can be random in casing internal vibration, mechanical impact after unlatching
Casing wall.
The autoclave body has upper kettle cover 7, lower kettle cover 8；Upper kettle cover 7, lower kettle cover 8 and simulation country rock-cement sheath-sleeve combination body
End face contact portion is strainer 10, seal washer 9 and eccentric mounting 11；Upper kettle cover is equipped with internal pressure and increases decompression valve 12, and lower kettle cover is set
There is confining pressure to increase decompression valve 14；Upper kettle cover, lower kettle cover are additionally provided with gas turnover pipeline 13, and gas turnover pipeline is connected to cement sheath
Upper and lower end face；The gas turnover pipeline 13 has gas feed and gas vent, the gas feed of cement sheath lower face to connect nitrogen
The gas vent of gas cylinder, cement sheath upper surface connects gas flowmeter.
（1）Oil pipe shock loading influences to test on cement sheath integrality in the case of casing centralization：
120 DEG C, strata pressure 50MPa of formation temperature residing for cement sheath is studied, by practical string size according to the ratios such as geometrical model
Example is contracted to plant bulk, assembles instrument, and preparation pours into cement mortar, and field application cement formula is slurried by API standard preparation,
It is placed in annular space, hermetically-sealed instrument is converted into experiment thimble internal pressure according to head of liquid in well cementation moment pit shaft by model, if
Set casing internal pressure, confining pressure and cement sheath end force and curing temperature, the practical number of days cyclization in maintenance scene.According to follow-up practical work
Condition is converted into experiment condition by model, that is, keeps " strata pressure is certain " change " casing internal pressure ", start to test, and adjusts temperature
Degree pressure simultaneously opens jar, while detecting whether cement sheath occurs has channeling.Experiment terminates, and takes out " simulation country rock-cement sheath-
Casing " assembly carries out microcosmic detection, detects 1,2 interface agglutinations and cement ring body degree of impairment, carries out next step analysis.
（2）Oil pipe shock loading influences to test on cement sheath integrality in the case of casing eccentricity：
Kettle cover eccentric mounting is tested according to the degree of eccentricity of actual conditions proximate selection 66.7%, 50%, 33.3% up and down for adjustment,
Subsequent experimental process is similar in the case of casing centralization, does not repeat herein.
（3）Oil pipe shock loading influences to test on cement sheath integrality in the case of out-of-round oversized hole：
Simulation country rock is made according to the practical wellbore construction in underground, method is will to simulate country rock to make up and down with cement sheath contact wall surface
Narrow, the wide pattern in middle part is then tested according to normal procedure.
（4）Oil pipe shock loading influences to test on cement sheath integrality in the case of filling is uneven：
It is unevenly put into block foam, then in cemented annular space according to the practical cement sheath filling situation in underground
Cement mortar is poured into be tested.
（5）Oil pipe shock loading influences to test on cement sheath integrality under etching condition：
According to method（1）After assembling device, injecting hole injection etchant gas in cement sheath end face continues to test, and adjusts pressure and temp,
Jar is opened, field working conditions are simulated, whether detection cement sheath occurs seal failure；It then repeats to test, the difference is that end face
Injecting hole injects noncorrosive gases, and whether detection cement sheath occurs seal failure, and comparison cement sheath is at the time of generating damage
It can determine whether influence of the corrosion of different fluid to cement sheath sealability.
Claims (2)
1. the experimental provision that evaluation oil pipe shock loading influences cement sheath integrality, mainly by autoclave body（1）, heating mantles（2）, mould
Quasi- country rock（3）, casing（5）, jar（6）, strainer（10）, seal washer（9）, eccentric mounting（11）, gas turnover pipeline（13）
Composition, which is characterized in that the autoclave body（1）For steel hollow cylinder, heating mantles are arranged outside in autoclave body（2）, enclosed for simulation in autoclave body
Rock（3）And casing（5）, it is placed in cement mortar to the annular space between simulation country rock and casing, cement mortar conserves to form cement sheath
（4）Afterwards, simulation country rock-cement sheath-sleeve combination body, casing are formed in autoclave body（5）Inside there is jar（6）；On the autoclave body has
Kettle cover（7）, lower kettle cover（8）；Upper kettle cover, lower kettle cover and simulation country rock-cement sheath-sleeve combination body end surface contact part are divided into strainer
（10）, seal washer（9）And eccentric mounting（11）；Upper kettle cover is equipped with internal pressure and increases decompression valve（12）, lower kettle cover increases equipped with confining pressure to drop
Pressure valve（14）；Upper kettle cover, lower kettle cover are additionally provided with gas turnover pipeline（13）, gas turnover pipeline connection cement sheath upper and lower end
Face；The gas turnover pipeline（13）There are gas feed and gas vent, the gas feed of cement sheath lower face to connect nitrogen cylinder,
The gas vent of cement sheath upper surface connects gas flowmeter.
2. the method influenced on cement sheath integrality using device evaluation oil pipe shock loading described in claim 1, is wrapped successively
Include following steps：
(1) cement mortar needed for preparing, pours into the annular space of simulation country rock and casing, kettle cover in sealing is cemented the well according to underground
Temperature, pressure when construction operation, determines curing condition；
(2) by gas turnover pipeline connect compression pump, adjust autoclave body in temperature, casing internal pressure, simulation country rock outside confining pressure with
And cement sheath end force is required to curing condition according to site operation, waits solidifying, maintenance hardening cyclization, shape at the appointed time
At simulation country rock-cement sheath-sleeve combination body；
(3) gas feed of cement sheath lower face is connected into nitrogen cylinder, the gas vent of cement sheath upper surface connects gas flow
Meter keeps confining pressure certain, opens jar, simulates oil pipe temperature, pressure in casing internal vibration, adjusting sleeve pipe, stablizes a timing
Between after, adjust temperature, pressure continue to test, pass through gas flowmeter monitor cement sheath seal failure situation；
(4) simulation country rock-cement sheath-sleeve combination body is taken out, microcosmic detection, the microcrack generated in detection cement sheath, one are
The microannulus generated at second interface analyzes cement sheath seal failure form.
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| CN110242277A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-09-17 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of well cementation sliding sleeve port starting simulator and analogy method |
| CN110552684A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-12-10 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆固井公司 | simulation environment cement channeling-preventing capability evaluation device and method |
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| CN109827717A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-05-31 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | A kind of shallow cementing cement test device for air tightness and method |
| CN112196522A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2021-01-08 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Method for reducing gas well annular control pressure under alternating load effect |
| CN110242277A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-09-17 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of well cementation sliding sleeve port starting simulator and analogy method |
| CN110242277B (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2023-10-31 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Well cementation sliding sleeve port starting simulation device and simulation method |
| CN110552684A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-12-10 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆固井公司 | simulation environment cement channeling-preventing capability evaluation device and method |
| CN110954683A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-04-03 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Cement stone integrality and anti ability evaluation device that scurries |
| CN111307690B (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2022-05-06 | 西南石油大学 | Packing performance testing device and method for annular cement ring of oil-gas well cylinder |
| CN111307690A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-06-19 | 西南石油大学 | Packing performance testing device and method for annular cement ring of oil-gas well cylinder |
| US11733121B2 (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2023-08-22 | Southwest Petroleum University | Sealing integrity evaluation device for high-temperature and high- pressure casing-cement ring-formation and method thereof |
| CN115266568A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2022-11-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Well cementation cement stone interface testing device and method |
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| CN114033360A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-02-11 | 西南石油大学 | Full-life-cycle shaft sealing integrity evaluation device and method |
| CN114033360B (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2023-05-26 | 西南石油大学 | Full life cycle shaft seal integrity evaluation device and method |
| CN114412412A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-04-29 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Cement sheath sealing integrity evaluation device and method |
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