CN106431647A - Preparation method of straw mushroom culture substrate - Google Patents
Preparation method of straw mushroom culture substrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN106431647A CN106431647A CN201610833063.4A CN201610833063A CN106431647A CN 106431647 A CN106431647 A CN 106431647A CN 201610833063 A CN201610833063 A CN 201610833063A CN 106431647 A CN106431647 A CN 106431647A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a straw mushroom culture substrate. The preparation method includes taking, drying and grinding needle mushroom dregs, Pleurotus eryngii dregs, corncobs and tobacco stems, mixing dry granules with a sodium hydroxide solution, piling, mixing wet granules with water, adding liquid cellulase and solid xylanase for fermentation at a pH of 3.0-4.0, filtering fermentation liquid to obtain residues and filtrate, subjecting the filtrate to rotary evaporation to obtain residual liquid, mixing the residues with the residual liquid, drying, and mixing a mixture with sodium humate, urea, ammonium bicarbonate, potassium citrate, zinc sulfate, amino acid, sodium alga acid, polyvinyl alcohol and cellulose so as to obtain the straw mushroom culture substrate. The straw mushroom culture substrate is recyclable, high in biological transformation rate and capable of obtaining high-quality straw mushrooms, and is capable of saving energy effectively as compared with conventional culture requiring material change after every harvest.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fungus growing technique field is and in particular to a kind of preparation method of Volvaria volvacea cultivation matrix.
Background technology
Straw mushroom is under the jurisdiction of Eumycota, Basidiomycotina, Hymenomycetes, Holobasidiomycetidae, Agaricales, Guang Bing Xue Ke, grass
Mushroom belongs to.It is a kind of happiness temperature, likes wet grass corruption macro fungi, also referred to as luxuriant pin mushroom, stalk mushroom, Chinese mushroom etc..
Not only delicious flavour, meat are fine and smooth for straw mushroom, and nutrition health-care functions are obvious.It is mainly manifested in：First, albumen
Matter, amino acid content are high, fat content is low；Second, vitamin abundant species, content are high, the wherein content highest of vitamin, often
100g does 06.28mg containing Catergen in fructification, occupies first of vegetable and fruit；3rd, the high Danone of content of cellulose 9.81%～
18.4%, gall stone and constipation can be prevented, reduce blood sugar for human body；4th, glucide enrich, mainly have methylpentose, saccharic acid,
Polysaccharide etc., these compounds have significantly anti-splenoma effect.Additionally, the mineral element such as straw mushroom phosphorus, calcium, iron, sodium, potassium is also very rich
Richness, is highest in the mushroom class have been commercialized at present cultivation.Therefore straw mushroom is a kind of nutritious and comprehensive health food.
Straw mushroom belongs to high temperature modification straw rotting fungus class, to growth temperature requirement higher, above patent can not solve very well the spring, the autumn,
The problem of winter planting straw mushroom, needs to reach using the high culture medium such as quilts or dependence booth temperature control or artificial control temperature
Grow demand to straw mushroom, and the degraded of raw material organic substance is slow, biological efficiency is low, and straw mushroom yields poorly.
It is only second to the edible fungus variety of mushroom, mushroom, straw mushroom as cultivation total output, straw mushroom produces in producing cultivation
Amount is unstable, and biological conversion rate ranks inverse in tame kind.Based on straw, the biology of cultivation turns at present
Rate is typically between 10%～15%；And the biological conversion rate with cotton material shell as culturing raw material typically up to 20%～
30%.In addition bacterial classification, culture matrix etc. all have a direct impact to the biological conversion rate of straw mushroom, screen high yield matrix formulations and mould
Formula is always the most important thing in Volvaria volvacea cultivation technical research.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provides a kind of preparation method of Volvaria volvacea cultivation matrix, adopts
With the substrate culture of the present invention, biological transformation ratio height, gained straw mushroom excellent quality, also can the effectively save energy.
A kind of preparation method of Volvaria volvacea cultivation matrix, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, takes 10～15 parts of needle mushroom dreg, 10～15 parts of pleurotus eryngii bacteria residue, 5～10 parts of corncob, offal 5～10
Part, dry, pulverize, obtain dry particl；
Step 2, by dry particl and 3～5wt% sodium hydroxide solution by weight 1：1～3 mixing, in 60～80 DEG C of conditions
Under bank up 12～20h, obtain wet granular；
Step 3, by wet granular by weight 1：3～5 are mixed with water, adjust pH to 3.0, add liquid cellulase and consolidate
Body zytase, in 40～45 DEG C of 10～15h that ferment, lets cool, obtains zymotic fluid；
Step 4, filtering fermentation liquor obtains residue and filtrate, and the rotated evaporation of filtrate obtains raffinate, by residue with residual
Liquid mixes, and dries, obtains mixture；
Step 5, in parts by weight, by 20 parts of mixture and 0.3～1.2 part of sodium humate, 0.5～3.2 part of urea, carbonic acid
0.5～2 part of hydrogen ammonia, 0.4～0.9 part of potassium citrate, 0.5～1.5 part of zinc sulfate, 0.4～2.5 part of amino acid, sodium alginate 1～
4 parts, 3～6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, the mixing of 2～6 parts of cellulose, obtain final product.
Further, in step 1 size of dry particl in 0.5～1cm.
Further, in step 3, the consumption of liquid cellulase is the 5% of wet granular weight, the use of Solid Xylanase
Amount is the 3% of wet-milling weight.
Further, in step 4, the water content of mixture is 15～20w/w%.
Further, in step 5 cellulose be hydroxyethyl cellulose, in hydroxypropyl cellulose or carboxymethylcellulose calcium one
Plant or several mixture.
Further, in step 5 amino acid be leucine, tryptophan, aspartic acid, arginine, the mixing in cystine
Thing, leucine, tryptophan, aspartic acid, arginine, the weight of cystine are than for 1：1：1：1：1.
Using the substrate culture of the present invention, each batch of biological transformation ratio is all high than compareing.Gained straw mushroom excellent quality, bacterium
Silk grown junction is sturdy in vain, change of tide is fast, fruiting is neat, mushroom type is good, a pork thickness, toughness are strong, not broken.Matrix of the present invention can be followed
Ring cultivating straw mushroom, the conventional cultivation ratio reloading with every batch, can the effectively save energy.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of Volvaria volvacea cultivation matrix, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, takes 10 parts of needle mushroom dreg, 10 parts of pleurotus eryngii bacteria residue, 5 parts of corncob, 5 parts of offal, dries, pulverizes, obtain
To dry particl；
Step 2, by dry particl and 3wt% sodium hydroxide solution by weight 1：1 mixing, bank up under the conditions of 60 DEG C 20h,
Obtain wet granular；
Step 3, by wet granular by weight 1：3 are mixed with water, adjust pH to 3.0～4.0, add liquid cellulase and
Solid Xylanase, in 40 DEG C of 15h that ferment, lets cool, obtains zymotic fluid；
Step 4, filtering fermentation liquor obtains residue and filtrate, and the rotated evaporation of filtrate obtains raffinate, by residue with residual
Liquid mixes, and dries, obtains mixture；
Step 5, in parts by weight, by 20 parts of mixture and 0.3 part of sodium humate, 0.5 part of urea, 0.5 part of ammonium hydrogencarbonate,
0.4 part of potassium citrate, 0.5 part of zinc sulfate, 0.4 part of amino acid, 1 part of sodium alginate, 3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 2 parts of mixing of cellulose,
Obtain final product.
Wherein, in step 1 size of dry particl in 0.5～1cm；In step 3, the consumption of liquid cellulase is wet granular
The 5% of weight, the consumption of Solid Xylanase is the 3% of wet-milling weight；In step 4, the water content of mixture is 15w/w%.；
In step 5, cellulose is hydroxyethyl cellulose, and amino acid is leucine, tryptophan, aspartic acid, arginine, cystine press weight
Amount ratio is 1：1：1：1：The mixture of 1 composition.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of Volvaria volvacea cultivation matrix, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, takes 12 parts of needle mushroom dreg, 14 parts of pleurotus eryngii bacteria residue, 7 parts of corncob, 8 parts of offal, dries, pulverizes, obtain
To dry particl；
Step 2, by dry particl and 4wt% sodium hydroxide solution by weight 1：2 mixing, bank up under the conditions of 70 DEG C 15h,
Obtain wet granular；
Step 3, by wet granular by weight 1：4 are mixed with water, adjust pH to 3.5, add liquid cellulase and solid
Zytase, in 45 DEG C of 10h that ferment, lets cool, obtains zymotic fluid；
Step 4, filtering fermentation liquor obtains residue and filtrate, and the rotated evaporation of filtrate obtains raffinate, by residue with residual
Liquid mixes, and dries, obtains mixture；
Step 5, in parts by weight, by 20 parts of mixture and 0.7 part of sodium humate, 1.2 parts of urea, 1 part of ammonium hydrogencarbonate, lemon
Lemon 0.7 part of potassium of acid, 0.8 part of zinc sulfate, amino acid/11 .3 part, 3 parts of sodium alginate, 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 4 parts of mixing of cellulose, that is,
?.
Wherein, in step 1 size of dry particl in 0.5～1cm；In step 3, the consumption of liquid cellulase is wet granular
The 5% of weight, the consumption of Solid Xylanase is the 3% of wet-milling weight；In step 4, the water content of mixture is 18w/w%.；
In step 5, cellulose is hydroxypropyl cellulose, and amino acid is leucine, tryptophan, aspartic acid, arginine, cystine press weight
Amount ratio is 1：1：1：1：The mixture of 1 composition.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of Volvaria volvacea cultivation matrix, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, takes 14 parts of needle mushroom dreg, 11 parts of pleurotus eryngii bacteria residue, 8 parts of corncob, 6 parts of offal, dries, pulverizes, obtain
To dry particl；
Step 2, by dry particl and 3wt% sodium hydroxide solution by weight 1：1 mixing, bank up under the conditions of 70 DEG C 12h,
Obtain wet granular；
Step 3, by wet granular by weight 1：4 are mixed with water, adjust pH to 4.0, add liquid cellulase and solid
Zytase, in 40 DEG C of 15h that ferment, lets cool, obtains zymotic fluid；
Step 4, filtering fermentation liquor obtains residue and filtrate, and the rotated evaporation of filtrate obtains raffinate, by residue with residual
Liquid mixes, and dries, obtains mixture；
Step 5, in parts by weight, by 20 parts of mixture and 0.8 part of sodium humate, 2.4 parts of urea, 1.3 parts of ammonium hydrogencarbonate,
0.7 part of potassium citrate, 1.2 parts of zinc sulfate, amino acid/11 .8 part, 3 parts of sodium alginate, 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 4 parts of mixing of cellulose,
Obtain final product.
Wherein, in step 1 size of dry particl in 0.5～1cm；In step 3, the consumption of liquid cellulase is wet granular
The 5% of weight, the consumption of Solid Xylanase is the 3% of wet-milling weight；In step 4, the water content of mixture is 15w/w%.；
In step 5, cellulose is hydroxyethyl cellulose, and amino acid is leucine, tryptophan, aspartic acid, arginine, cystine press weight
Amount ratio is 1：1：1：1：The mixture of 1 composition.
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of Volvaria volvacea cultivation matrix, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, takes 15 parts of needle mushroom dreg, 15 parts of pleurotus eryngii bacteria residue, 10 parts of corncob, 10 parts of offal, dries, pulverizes,
Obtain dry particl；
Step 2, by dry particl and 5wt% sodium hydroxide solution by weight 1：3 mixing, bank up under the conditions of 80 DEG C 12h,
Obtain wet granular；
Step 3, by wet granular by weight 1：5 are mixed with water, adjust pH to 4.0, add liquid cellulase and solid
Zytase, in 45 DEG C of 10h that ferment, lets cool, obtains zymotic fluid；
Step 4, filtering fermentation liquor obtains residue and filtrate, and the rotated evaporation of filtrate obtains raffinate, by residue with residual
Liquid mixes, and dries, obtains mixture；
Step 5, in parts by weight, by 20 parts of mixture and 1.2 parts of sodium humate, 3.2 parts of urea, 2 parts of ammonium hydrogencarbonate, lemon
Lemon 0.9 part of potassium of acid, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 2.5 parts of amino acid, 4 parts of sodium alginate, 6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 6 parts of mixing of cellulose, that is,
?.
Wherein, in step 1 size of dry particl in 0.5～1cm；In step 3, the consumption of liquid cellulase is wet granular
The 5% of weight, the consumption of Solid Xylanase is the 3% of wet-milling weight；In step 4, the water content of mixture is 20w/w%.；
In step 5, cellulose is hydroxyethyl cellulose, and amino acid is leucine, tryptophan, aspartic acid, arginine, cystine press weight
Amount ratio is 1：1：1：1：The mixture of 1 composition.
The Volvaria volvacea cultivation matrix total pore space of the present invention is 70～75%, and macrovoid is 20～25%, aeration, retentiveness
Good, content of organic matter height (700～750g/kg), nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content enrich, and total amount reaches 40～50g/kg, pH 7.0～7.5,
C/N is 18～22.
Using the method for above-mentioned Volvaria volvacea cultivation matrix circulating cultivation straw mushroom, comprise the steps：
First batch：Using the cultivation of indoor tier rack type, matrix is pressed every square metre of siccative and is weighed 9～10kg, thick 5～6cm stone, no
Secondary fermentation need to be carried out, directly inoculate, inoculum concentration weighs 3～5% for siccative, broadcasts sowing, and is uniformly dispersed not agglomerating, water content will keep
70～80% about；
Second batch：After harvesting two damp mushrooms, stir charge level up and down, water spray, water content will be maintained at 70～80% about, heats up
To 70～80 DEG C of holding 12h, take off film ventilation, when charge level temperature drops 32～34 DEG C, inoculate cultivation, method is with first batch.
Add 1% urea after mixing with cotton seed hulls 80% addition 20% pulverizing straw and 2% lime compares matrix, investigate originally
The substrate culture effect (biological transformation ratio) of invention：
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Comparison matrix | |
| First batch | 40.2 | 37.9 | 38.5 | 39.3 | 24.7 |
| Second batch | 35.6 | 34.5 | 33.7 | 34.5 | 16.5 |
As seen from the above table, using the substrate culture of the present invention, each batch of biological transformation ratio is all high than compareing.Gained straw mushroom
Excellent quality, mycelial growth knot is sturdy in vain, change of tide is fast, fruiting is neat, mushroom type is good, a pork thickness, toughness are strong, not broken.This
Invention matrix use capable of circulation cultivating straw mushroom, the conventional cultivation ratio reloading with every batch, can the effectively save energy.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of preparation method of Volvaria volvacea cultivation matrix it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
Step 1, takes 10～15 parts of needle mushroom dreg, 10～15 parts of pleurotus eryngii bacteria residue, 5～10 parts of corncob, 5～10 parts of offal,
Dry, pulverize, obtain dry particl；
Step 2, by dry particl and 3～5wt% sodium hydroxide solution by weight 1：1～3 mixing, heap under the conditions of 60～80 DEG C
Put 12～20h, obtain wet granular；
Step 3, by wet granular by weight 1：3～5 are mixed with water, adjust pH to 3.0～4.0, add liquid cellulase and
Solid Xylanase, in 40～45 DEG C of 10～15h that ferment, lets cool, obtains zymotic fluid；
Step 4, filtering fermentation liquor obtains residue and filtrate, and the rotated evaporation of filtrate obtains raffinate, residue is mixed with raffinate
Close, dry, obtain mixture；
Step 5, in parts by weight, by 20 parts of mixture and 0.3～1.2 part of sodium humate, 0.5～3.2 part of urea, ammonium hydrogencarbonate
0.5～2 part, 0.4～0.9 part of potassium citrate, 0.5～1.5 part of zinc sulfate, 0.4～2.5 part of amino acid, 1～4 part of sodium alginate,
3～6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 2～6 parts of mixing of cellulose, obtain final product.
2. Volvaria volvacea cultivation matrix according to claim 1 preparation method it is characterised in that：Dry particl in step 1
Size is in 0.5～1cm.
3. Volvaria volvacea cultivation matrix according to claim 1 preparation method it is characterised in that：Liquid fiber in step 3
The consumption of plain enzyme is the 5% of wet granular weight, and the consumption of Solid Xylanase is the 3% of wet-milling weight.
4. Volvaria volvacea cultivation matrix according to claim 1 preparation method it is characterised in that：Mixture in step 4
Water content is 15～20w/w%.
5. Volvaria volvacea cultivation matrix according to claim 1 preparation method it is characterised in that：In step 5, cellulose is
One or more of hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose or carboxymethylcellulose calcium mixture.
6. Volvaria volvacea cultivation matrix according to claim 1 preparation method it is characterised in that：In step 5, amino acid is
Leucine, tryptophan, aspartic acid, arginine, the mixture of cystine, leucine, tryptophan, aspartic acid, arginine, Guang
The weight of propylhomoserin is than for 1：1：1：1：1.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107382466A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-11-24 | 浦江县美泽生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of straw mushroom cultivation matrix |
| CN107602196A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-01-19 | 南京康之春生物科技有限公司 | A kind of edible fungus culturing nutrient solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN107602209A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-01-19 | 上海雪榕生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of culture medium accelerated compost and decomposed |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107382466A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-11-24 | 浦江县美泽生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of straw mushroom cultivation matrix |
| CN107602209A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-01-19 | 上海雪榕生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of culture medium accelerated compost and decomposed |
| CN107602196A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-01-19 | 南京康之春生物科技有限公司 | A kind of edible fungus culturing nutrient solution and preparation method thereof |
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