CN106431359A - 一种压电纳米材料的制备工艺 - Google Patents

一种压电纳米材料的制备工艺 Download PDF

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CN106431359A
CN106431359A CN201610831498.5A CN201610831498A CN106431359A CN 106431359 A CN106431359 A CN 106431359A CN 201610831498 A CN201610831498 A CN 201610831498A CN 106431359 A CN106431359 A CN 106431359A
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谭逢林
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Sichuan Xingzhi Zhihui Intellectual Property Operation Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种压电纳米材料的制备工艺，包括以下步骤：1）、将原料按比列混匀成混合物，所述原料包括以下重量份组分：氧化铝70‑75重量份，钛酸盐20‑30重量份，长石7‑10重量份，二硼化锆5‑10重量份，五氧化二铌5‑8重量份，三氧化二铋5‑8重量份，聚铝硅氧烷6‑8重量份，聚碳硅烷6‑8重量份，纳米氧化镁2‑3重量份；碳化硅泡沫2‑3重量份；2）、将步骤1）获得的混合物加入研磨机中研磨15‑30分钟，得到胚体，将所得胚体在惰性气氛下进行烧结，得到纳米压电材料。本发明所述的压电纳米材料具有较高的压电系数，能够有效提高压电纳米材料的使用寿命。

Description

一种压电纳米材料的制备工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及压电材料技术领域，具体涉及一种压电纳米材料的制备工艺。
背景技术
压电材料是指受到压力作用时会在两端面见出现电压的晶体材料。压电纳米材料是指具有纳米结构的压电材料。压电效应的机理是：具有压电性的晶体对称性较低，当受到外力作用发生形变时，晶胞中正负离子的相对位移使正负电荷中心不再重合，导致晶体发生宏观极化，而晶体表面电荷面密度等于极化强度在表面法向上的投影，所以压电材料受到压力作用变形时两端面会出现异号电荷。反之，压电材料在电场中发生极化时，会因电荷中心的位移导致材料变形。
压电纳米材料主要用作压电驱动元件、电容器等。
现有的压电材料的压电系数较低、使用寿命较短。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种压电纳米材料的制备工艺，通过本发明所述工艺制备的压电纳米材料具有较高的压电系数、且使用寿命较高。
本发明通过下述技术方案实现：
一种压电纳米材料的制备工艺，包括以下步骤：
1)、将原料按比列混匀成混合物，所述原料包括以下重量份组分：
氧化铝70-75重量份，钛酸盐20-30重量份，长石7-10重量份，二硼化锆5-10重量份，五氧化二铌5-8重量份，三氧化二铋5-8重量份，聚铝硅氧烷6-8重量份，聚碳硅烷6-8重量份，纳米氧化镁2-3重量份；碳化硅泡沫2-3重量份；
2)、将步骤1)获得的混合物加入研磨机中研磨15-30分钟，在80-85℃下混合均匀，得到胚体，将所得胚体在惰性气氛下进行烧结，得到纳米压电材料所述烧结分为3个阶段，第一个阶段在1000-1100℃下烧结2-3小时，第二阶段在1200-1300℃下烧结1-2小时；第3阶段在1000-1100℃下烧结2-3小时。
通过上述工艺制备的压电纳米材料具有较高的压电系数，能够有效提高压电纳米材料的使用寿命；并且，本发明制备的压电纳米材料具有良好的稳定性和耐候性，能够适用于不同的环境，提高压电纳米材料的应用范围，进而提高了压电纳米材料的经济利用和商业价值。
通过将烧结分为3个阶段进行提高了压电纳米材料的烧结效果，确保材料的使用性能。
进一步地，钛酸盐至少包括钛酸钡、钛酸锂中的一种。
进一步地，所述原料还包括三氧化二锑2-3重量份。
进一步地，，所述原料还包括2-3重量份的纳米磁性氧化物。
通过加入纳米磁性氧化物提高了压电纳米材料的磁性，进而提高了其使用性能。
进一步地，纳米磁性氧化物至少包括含铁磁性氧化物、含钴磁性氧化物、含镍磁性氧化物中的一种。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有如下的优点和有益效果：
1、本发明所制备的压电纳米材料具有较高的压电系数，能够有效提高压电纳米材料的使用寿命。
2、本发明制备的压电纳米材料具有良好的稳定性和耐候性，能够适用于不同的环境，提高压电纳米材料的应用范围，进而提高了压电纳米材料的经济利用和商业价值。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，下面结合实施例，对本发明作进一步的详细说明，本发明的示意性实施方式及其说明仅用于解释本发明，并不作为对本发明的限定。
实施例1：
一种压电纳米材料的制备工艺，包括以下步骤：
1)、将原料按比列混匀成混合物，所述原料包括以下重量份组分：
氧化铝70重量份，钛酸钡8重量份，钛酸锂12重量份，长石7重量份，二硼化锆5重量份，五氧化二铌5重量份，三氧化二铋5重量份，聚铝硅氧烷6重量份，聚碳硅烷6重量份，纳米氧化镁2重量份；碳化硅泡沫2重量份；三氧化二锑2重量份；含铁磁性氧化物2重量份；
2)、将步骤1)获得的混合物加入研磨机中研磨15分钟，在80℃下混合均匀，得到胚体，将所得胚体在惰性气氛下进行烧结，得到纳米压电材料所述烧结分为3个阶段，第一个阶段在1000℃下烧结2小时，第二阶段在1200℃下烧结1小时；第3阶段在1000℃下烧结2小时。
实施例2：
一种压电纳米材料的制备工艺，包括以下步骤：
1)、将原料按比列混匀成混合物，所述原料包括以下重量份组分：
氧化铝75重量份，钛酸钡15重量份，钛酸锂15重量份，长石10重量份，二硼化锆10重量份，五氧化二铌8重量份，三氧化二铋8重量份，聚铝硅氧烷8重量份，聚碳硅烷8重量份，纳米氧化镁3重量份；碳化硅泡沫3重量份；三氧化二锑3重量份；含钴磁性氧化物3重量份；
2)、将步骤1)获得的混合物加入研磨机中研磨30分钟，在85℃下混合均匀，得到胚体，将所得胚体在惰性气氛下进行烧结，得到纳米压电材料所述烧结分为3个阶段，第一个阶段在100℃下烧结3小时，第二阶段在1300℃下烧结2小时；第3阶段在1100℃下烧结3小时。
实施例3：
一种压电纳米材料的制备工艺，包括以下步骤：
1)、将原料按比列混匀成混合物，所述原料包括以下重量份组分：
氧化铝72重量份，钛酸钡12重量份，钛酸锂10重量份，长石8重量份，二硼化锆9重量份，五氧化二铌7重量份，三氧化二铋7重量份，聚铝硅氧烷7重量份，聚碳硅烷7重量份，纳米氧化镁2重量份；碳化硅泡沫3重量份；三氧化二锑3重量份；含钴磁性氧化物1重量份，镍磁性氧化物1重量份；
2)、将步骤1)获得的混合物加入研磨机中研磨20分钟，在83℃下混合均匀，得到胚体，将所得胚体在惰性气氛下进行烧结，得到纳米压电材料所述烧结分为3个阶段，第一个阶段在1100℃下烧结3小时，第二阶段在1300℃下烧结2小时；第3阶段在1100℃下烧结3小时。
实施例4：
一种压电纳米材料的制备工艺，包括以下步骤：
1)、将原料按比列混匀成混合物，所述原料包括以下重量份组分：
化铝72重量份，钛酸钡12重量份，钛酸锂10重量份，长石8重量份，二硼化锆9重量份，五氧化二铌7重量份，三氧化二铋7重量份，聚铝硅氧烷7重量份，聚碳硅烷7重量份，纳米氧化镁2重量份；碳化硅泡沫3重量份；三氧化二锑3重量份；
2)、将步骤1)获得的混合物加入研磨机中研磨20分钟，在83℃下混合均匀，得到胚体，将所得胚体在惰性气氛下进行烧结，得到纳米压电材料所述烧结分为3个阶段，第一个阶段在1100℃下烧结3小时，第二阶段在1300℃下烧结2小时；第3阶段在1100℃下烧结3小时。
将实施例1至实施例4所制备的压电纳米材料分别进行性能测试，试验结果分别如表1：
表1
将实施例3进行稳定性试验，将实施例3所述的压电纳米材料应用于零下10摄氏度、50摄氏度、30摄氏度下使用，在1个月、3个月、6个月、9个月、12个月进行介电常数、耐压强度和断裂韧性检测，在1个月时，介电常数、耐压强度和断裂韧性均没有变化，在3个月时，介电常数下降了0.5％左右，而耐压强度和断裂韧性均没有变化；在6个月时，介电常数下降了0.8％左右，而耐压强度和断裂韧性均没有变化；在9个月时，介电常数下降了1..1％左右，耐压强度和断裂韧性均下降了0.5％左右，在12个月时，介电常数下降了1.2％左右，耐压强度和断裂韧性均下降了0.7％左右。上述实验结果说明本发明所述的压电纳米材料具有较好的稳定性、使用寿命较高，能够适用于不同温度下的环境，耐寒寒热性较好。
以上所述的具体实施方式，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限定本发明的保护范围，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种压电纳米材料的制备工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1）、将原料按比列混匀成混合物，所述原料包括以下重量份组分：
氧化铝70-75重量份，钛酸盐20-30重量份，长石7-10重量份，二硼化锆5-10重量份，五氧化二铌5-8重量份，三氧化二铋5-8重量份，聚铝硅氧烷6-8重量份，聚碳硅烷6-8重量份，纳米氧化镁2-3重量份；碳化硅泡沫2-3重量份；
2）、将步骤1）获得的混合物加入研磨机中研磨15-30分钟，在80-85℃下混合均匀，得到胚体，将所得胚体在惰性气氛下进行烧结，得到纳米压电材料；所述烧结分为3个阶段，第一个阶段在1000-1100℃下烧结2-3小时，第二阶段在1200-1300℃下烧结1-2小时；第3阶段在1000-1100℃下烧结2-3小时。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种压电纳米材料的制备工艺，其特征在于，所述钛酸盐至少包括钛酸钡、钛酸锂中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种压电纳米材料的制备工艺，其特征在于，所述原料还包括三氧化二锑2-3重量份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种压电纳米材料的制备工艺，其特征在于，所述原料还包括2-3重量份的纳米磁性氧化物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种压电纳米材料的制备工艺，其特征在于，所述纳米磁性氧化物至少包括含铁磁性氧化物、含钴磁性氧化物、含镍磁性氧化物中的一种。
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