CN106416974A - Pepper high efficient seedling culture method - Google Patents

Pepper high efficient seedling culture method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106416974A
CN106416974A CN201610828767.2A CN201610828767A CN106416974A CN 106416974 A CN106416974 A CN 106416974A CN 201610828767 A CN201610828767 A CN 201610828767A CN 106416974 A CN106416974 A CN 106416974A
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seed
temperature
pepper
seedling
capsicum
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任彦永
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
    • C05B1/02—Superphosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
    • C05G5/23—Solutions

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of cultivation, discloses a pepper high efficient seedling culture method, the step comprises seed soaking, seed drying, seed sprouting, substrate treatment, seed planting, seedling management, acclimatization and transplanting. The pepper high performance seedling culture method requires 3-4 day sprouting period, shows 92-94% sprouting rate, contains 2-4% pesticide rate, lasts short time, has high performance rate, saves 12.8% planting cost; pepper seed soaks for a short period in high temperature liquid, kills bacteria, breaks dormancy, then soaks for a long period in low temperature liquid, speeds up seed germination; seed regularly receives mist sprinkling sprouting agent at comparatively low temperature, which keeps humidity, promotes root growth, kills pesticide, increases seed sprouting rate; substrate mixing with pepper stem inhibits bacteria and kills insects, enhances nutrients, turns waste to wealth, lowers planting cost; the method controls stringently environment conditions after planting, increases sprouting rate, acclimatizes seedling before planting, reinforces disease fighting ability and environment adaptability, the survival rate of pepper seedling reaches 100%.

Description

A kind of high efficiency seedling cultivating method of capsicum
Technical field
The invention mainly relates to planting technology field, more particularly, to a kind of high efficiency seedling cultivating method of capsicum.
Background technology
Capsicum is a kind of common vegetables and spice, and ascorbic content occupies first in vegetables, in addition also contains Capsaicine, dihydrocapsaicin, volatile oil, protein, calcium, phosphorus, carrotene and capsorubin, have plurality of health care functions, can Promote gastrointestinal function, prevent gall stone, cardioprotection, stimulate circulation, hypoglycemic, alleviate cutaneous pain, weight-reducing, increase Strong immunity, radioresistance, anti-aging.
Pepper seedling raising method traditional at present, vernalization 5 ~ 7 days, germination percentage is about 80%, and germination time is long, and germination percentage is low, greatly Reduce greatly plantation efficiency, the application provides a kind of high efficiency seedling cultivating method of capsicum, simply efficiently, when substantially can shorten vernalization Between, improve bud ratio, strengthen immunity.
Content of the invention
In order to make up the defect of prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of high efficiency seedling cultivating method of capsicum.
A kind of high efficiency seedling cultivating method of capsicum, comprises the following steps that：
（1）Seed soaks：Select full, ripe, complete, no disease pest pepper seed, be placed in 62 ~ 64 DEG C of water soak 16 ~ 18 minutes, breaking dormancy, kill germ, take out, be immediately placed on the trimerization phosphorus that mass fraction is that 1.4 ~ 1.6%, temperature is 7 ~ 9 DEG C Soak 260 ~ 300 minutes in acid sodium solution, reduce temperature, soften kind of a skin, so that plumule is easily sent, take out, clear water is cleaned, drip Water, obtains immersion seed；
（2）Seed drying：Being in 32 ~ 34 DEG C of baking ovens by soak seed being laid in temperature, keeping seed activity, constant temperature drying is to containing The water yield is 72 ~ 74%, it is to avoid weakens the respiration capability of seed because water content is too high, obtains roasted grain；
（3）Presprouting of seeds：Seed is laid on non-woven fabrics, beneficial to keeping nutrient and moisture, seed tiling thickness is 0.9 ~ 1.1cm, is stacked in temperature and is 21 ~ 23 DEG C, reduces moisture evaporation in seed, keep plumule activity, humidity is 76 ~ 78% constant temperature In culture, stacking gap is 5 ~ 7cm, and mass concentration of spraying is 1.2 ~ 1.4% germinator liquid per hour, spray amount is 16 ~ 18ml/kg (in terms of the weight of pepper seed), vernalization 24 ~ 26 hours, keep suitable germination environment, accelerate germination, take Go out, obtain vernalization seed；
（4）Matrix treatments：Matrix is placed in 121 DEG C sterilize 16 ~ 18 minutes, kills disease pest, be placed in 54 ~ 56 DEG C and dry to water content For 19 ~ 20%, seed can be kept to moisten, seed can be promoted again to breathe, obtain sterilization matrix；
（5）Seed is colonized；Sterilization matrix is laid in seedlings nursing plate, thickness is 6 ~ 8cm, 23 ~ 25kGy radiation sterilization 200 ~ 240 Second, vernalization seed is embedded in Medium Culture, depth is 2.2 ~ 2.6cm, spacing in the rows is 2 ~ 3cm, line-spacing is 4 ~ 5cm, obtains planting out and seedling-growing disk；
（6）Seedling management：Field planting 1 ~ 2 day, temperature is 21 ~ 23 DEG C, humidity 76 ~ 78%, and spray concentration is the battalion of 178 ~ 180mg/L Foster agent solution, fountain height is 37 ~ 39ml/m2, be colonized 3 ~ 4 days, rudiment gets out matrix, temperature be 19 ~ 21 DEG C, humidity 72 ~ 74%, Illumination 500 ~ 600lx, spray concentration is the nutrition agent solution of 192 ~ 196mg/L, and fountain height is 62 ~ 64ml/m2, it is colonized 5 ~ 6 days, Rudiment gets out matrix 0.8 ~ 1.2cm, and temperature is 21 ~ 23 DEG C and 14 ~ 16 DEG C, humidity 72 ~ 74%, illumination 700 ~ 800lx, sprays dense Spend the nutrition agent solution for 187 ~ 189mg/L, fountain height is 51 ~ 53ml/m2, whole seedling raising process strictly controlled environment condition, Promote seed fast germination, germination percentage is high, strong stress resistance obtains Hot Pepper Seedling；
（7）Hardening is transplanted：Field planting 7 ~ 10 days, regulation temperature is 21 ~ 23 DEG C, humidity 66 ~ 68%, illumination 800 ~ 900lx, sprays dense Spend the nutrition agent solution for 204 ~ 206mg/L, fountain height is 45 ~ 47ml/m2, extract Hot Pepper Seedling, every 50 plants of a bundles, with humidity be 42 ~ 44% non-woven wraps, are placed in 18 ~ 20 DEG C and are preserved, obtain Hot Pepper Seedling, wait to plant.
Described step（1）Sodium tripolyphosphate, whiteness be 92 ~ 94%, purity be 97 ~ 99%.
Described step（3）Non-woven fabrics, be 4 ~ 5 layers of non-woven fabrics, the thickness of every layer of non-woven fabrics is 1.2 ~ 1.4mm.
Described step（3）Germination liquid, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Valine 23 ~ 25, glutamic acid 18 ~ 20, south Melon seeds propylhomoserin 17 ~ 19, garlic P.E 5 ~ 7, Bitter Orang P.E 5 ~ 7, butyric acid potassium 2 ~ 4, brassinolide 2 ~ 4.
Described garlic P.E, the content of allicin is 90 ~ 92%.
Described step（4）Matrix, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Pepper stalk 46 ~ 48, pomelo peel 37 ~ 39, sweet Bagasse 34 ~ 36, corncob 27 ~ 29, dry watermelon peel 27 ~ 29, vermiculite 22 ~ 24, perlite 16 ~ 18, activated carbon 5 ~ 7, by pimiento stalk Stalk, pomelo peel, bagasse, corncob and dry watermelon peel are pulverized, and particle diameter is 2 ~ 3mm, adds vermiculite, perlite and activated carbon, mixes Close uniformly, obtain matrix.
Described step（6）Nutritional agents, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Calcium superphosphate 64 ~ 66, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 48 ~ 50, potassium phosphate 35 ~ 37, ferrous sulfate 22 ~ 24, manganese chloride 14 ~ 16, copper sulphate 8 ~ 10, borax 7 ~ 9, zinc chloride 4 ~ 6, selenous acid Sodium 2 ~ 4, potassium bichromate 1.6 ~ 1.8.
Described step（6）Temperature be 21 ~ 23 DEG C and 14 ~ 16 DEG C, under normal circumstances, temperature be 21 ~ 23 DEG C, every 6 ~ 7 Hour, temperature moment is adjusted to 14 ~ 16 DEG C, and keeping temperature 25 ~ 30 seconds, then moment recalls to 21 ~ 23 DEG C, and strengthen seedling stress Property and resistance.
Described step（6）Illumination, irradiate 5 hours, close 1 hour, carry out being grown under batch (-type) irradiation, low temperature environment Shi Guangzhao, promotes plant branch, stalk is sturdy, improves capsicum and blossoms and bears fruit rate.
It is an advantage of the invention that：A kind of high efficiency seedling cultivating method of capsicum that the present invention provides, germinating time is 3 ~ 4 days, sends out Bud rate is 92 ~ 94%, and disease pest rate is 2 ~ 4%, and the time is short, efficiency high, saves planting cost 12.8%；Pepper seed is first through high-temperature water Soak in short-term, sterilized, breaking dormancy, then through low temperature sodium tripolyphosphate solution long when soak, accelerate seed and sprout；To plant after immersion Sub- low temperature drying, it is to avoid seed soaks anoxic, leads to death；Seed at a lower temperature periodically spray germination liquid, can keep Humidity, and energy hestening rooting, kill disease pest, strengthen resistance, improve percentage of seedgermination；Pepper stalk is added in matrix, can Antibacterial desinsection, raising nutrition, can turn waste into wealth again, reduce planting cost；Strictly controlled environment condition after field planting, promotes capsicum kind Sub- fast germination, improves germination percentage, carries out hardening before transplanting, strengthens resistance against diseases and environmental suitability, improves the one-tenth of Hot Pepper Seedling Motility rate is 100%；It is rich in selenium, zinc and chromium in nutritional agents, without agricultural chemicals, non agricultural chemical residuum, increase Organic Selenium, zinc and the chromium of capsicum Content, improves nutrition, strengthens health care, improves capsicum class.
Specific embodiment
With specific embodiment, the present invention is described below.
Embodiment 1
A kind of high efficiency seedling cultivating method of capsicum, comprises the following steps that：
（1）Seed soaks：Select full, ripe, complete, no disease pest pepper seed, be placed in 62 DEG C of water and soak 16 minutes, Breaking dormancy, kills germ, takes out, be immediately placed on mass fraction be 1.4%, temperature be to soak in 7 DEG C of sodium tripolyphosphate solution 260 minutes, reduce temperature, soften kind of a skin, so that plumule is easily sent, take out, clear water is cleaned, draining obtains immersion seed；
（2）Seed drying：Being in 32 DEG C of baking ovens by soak seed being laid in temperature, keeping seed activity, constant temperature drying is extremely aqueous Measure as 72%, it is to avoid weaken the respiration capability of seed because water content is too high, obtain roasted grain；
（3）Presprouting of seeds：Seed is laid on non-woven fabrics, beneficial to keeping nutrient and moisture, seed tiling thickness is 0.9cm, Be stacked in temperature be 21 DEG C, reduce seed in moisture evaporation, keep plumule activity, humidity be 76% incubated in, between stacking Gap is 5cm, and mass concentration of spraying is 1.2% germinator liquid per hour, and spray amount is the 16ml/kg (weight with pepper seed Gauge), vernalization 24 hours, keep suitable germination environment, accelerate germination, take out, obtain vernalization seed；
（4）Matrix treatments：Matrix is placed in 121 DEG C sterilize 16 minutes, kills disease pest, being placed in 54 DEG C and drying to water content is 19%, Seed can be kept to moisten, seed can be promoted again to breathe, obtain sterilization matrix；
（5）Seed is colonized；Sterilization matrix is laid in seedlings nursing plate, thickness is 6cm, and 23kGy radiation sterilization 200 seconds, by vernalization Seed is embedded in Medium Culture, and depth is 2.2 ~ 2.6cm, and spacing in the rows is 2 ~ 3cm, and line-spacing is 4 ~ 5cm, obtains planting out and seedling-growing disk；
（6）Seedling management：Field planting 1 ~ 2 day, temperature is 21 DEG C, humidity 76%, and spray concentration is the nutrition agent solution of 178mg/L, spray The amount of spilling is 37ml/m2, it is colonized 3 ~ 4 days, rudiment gets out matrix, temperature is 19 DEG C, humidity 72%, illumination 500lx, spray concentration is The nutrition agent solution of 192mg/L, fountain height is 62ml/m2, it is colonized 5 ~ 6 days, rudiment gets out matrix 0.8 ~ 1.2cm, temperature is 21 DEG C and 14 DEG C, humidity 72%, illumination 700lx, spray concentration be 187mg/L nutrition agent solution, fountain height be 51ml/m2, entirely Seedling raising process strictly controlled environment condition, promotes seed fast germination, and germination percentage is high, and strong stress resistance obtains Hot Pepper Seedling；
（7）Hardening is transplanted：Field planting 7 ~ 10 days, regulation temperature is 21 DEG C, humidity 66%, illumination 800lx, and spray concentration is 204mg/L Nutrition agent solution, fountain height be 45ml/m2, extract Hot Pepper Seedling, every 50 plants of a bundles, the non-woven wraps being 42% with humidity, put Preserved in 18 DEG C, obtained Hot Pepper Seedling, wait to plant.
Described step（1）Sodium tripolyphosphate, whiteness be 92%, purity be 97%.
Described step（3）Non-woven fabrics, be 4 ~ 5 layers of non-woven fabrics, the thickness of every layer of non-woven fabrics is 1.2mm.
Described step（3）Germination liquid, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Valine 23, glutamic acid 18, pumpkin seeds ammonia Acid 17, garlic P.E 5, Bitter Orang P.E 5, butyric acid potassium 2, brassinolide 2.
Described garlic P.E, the content of allicin is 90%.
Described step（4）Matrix, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Pepper stalk 46, pomelo peel 37, bagasse 34th, corncob 27, dry watermelon peel 27, vermiculite 22, perlite 16, activated carbon 5, by Pepper stalk, pomelo peel, bagasse, corn Core and dry watermelon peel are pulverized, and particle diameter is 2mm, adds vermiculite, perlite and activated carbon, mixes, obtain matrix.
Described step（6）Nutritional agents, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Calcium superphosphate 64, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 48, phosphorus Sour potassium 35, ferrous sulfate 22, manganese chloride 14, copper sulphate 8, borax 7, zinc chloride 4, sodium selenite 2, potassium bichromate 1.6.
Described step（6）Temperature be 21 DEG C and 14 DEG C, under normal circumstances, temperature be 21 DEG C, every 6 hours, by temperature Moment is adjusted to 14 DEG C, and keeping temperature 25 seconds, then moment recalls to 21 DEG C, strengthens irritability and the resistance of seedling.
Described step（6）Illumination, irradiate 5 hours, close 1 hour, carry out being grown under batch (-type) irradiation, low temperature environment Shi Guangzhao, promotes plant branch, stalk is sturdy, improves capsicum and blossoms and bears fruit rate.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high efficiency seedling cultivating method of capsicum, comprises the following steps that：
（1）Seed soaks：Select full, ripe, complete, no disease pest pepper seed, be placed in 63 DEG C of water and soak 17 minutes, Breaking dormancy, kills germ, takes out, be immediately placed on mass fraction be 1.5%, temperature be to soak in 8 DEG C of sodium tripolyphosphate solution 280 minutes, reduce temperature, soften kind of a skin, so that plumule is easily sent, take out, clear water is cleaned, draining obtains immersion seed；
（2）Seed drying：Being in 33 DEG C of baking ovens by soak seed being laid in temperature, keeping seed activity, constant temperature drying is extremely aqueous Measure as 73%, it is to avoid weaken the respiration capability of seed because water content is too high, obtain roasted grain；
（3）Presprouting of seeds：Seed is laid on non-woven fabrics, beneficial to keeping nutrient and moisture, seed tiling thickness is 1.0cm, Be stacked in temperature be 22 DEG C, reduce seed in moisture evaporation, keep plumule activity, humidity be 77% incubated in, between stacking Gap is 6cm, and mass concentration of spraying is 1.3% germinator liquid per hour, and spray amount is the 17ml/kg (weight with pepper seed Gauge), vernalization 25 hours, keep suitable germination environment, accelerate germination, take out, obtain vernalization seed；
（4）Matrix treatments：Matrix is placed in 121 DEG C sterilize 17 minutes, kills disease pest, being placed in 55 DEG C and drying to water content is 19%, Seed can be kept to moisten, seed can be promoted again to breathe, obtain sterilization matrix；
（5）Seed is colonized；Sterilization matrix is laid in seedlings nursing plate, thickness is 7cm, and 24kGy radiation sterilization 220 seconds, by vernalization Seed is embedded in Medium Culture, and depth is 2.2 ~ 2.6cm, and spacing in the rows is 2 ~ 3cm, and line-spacing is 4 ~ 5cm, obtains planting out and seedling-growing disk；
（6）Seedling management：Field planting 1 ~ 2 day, temperature is 22 DEG C, humidity 77%, and spray concentration is the nutrition agent solution of 179mg/L, spray The amount of spilling is 38ml/m2, it is colonized 3 ~ 4 days, rudiment gets out matrix, temperature is 20 DEG C, humidity 73%, illumination 500lx, spray concentration is The nutrition agent solution of 195mg/L, fountain height is 63ml/m2, it is colonized 5 ~ 6 days, rudiment gets out matrix 0.8 ~ 1.2cm, temperature is 22 DEG C and 15 DEG C, humidity 73%, illumination 700lx, spray concentration be 188mg/L nutrition agent solution, fountain height be 52ml/m2, entirely Seedling raising process strictly controlled environment condition, promotes seed fast germination, and germination percentage is high, and strong stress resistance obtains Hot Pepper Seedling；
（7）Hardening is transplanted：Field planting 7 ~ 10 days, regulation temperature is 22 DEG C, humidity 67%, illumination 800lx, and spray concentration is 205mg/L Nutrition agent solution, fountain height be 46ml/m2, extract Hot Pepper Seedling, every 50 plants of a bundles, the non-woven wraps being 43% with humidity, put Preserved in 19 DEG C, obtained Hot Pepper Seedling, wait to plant.
Described step（1）Sodium tripolyphosphate, whiteness be 93%, purity be 98%.
Described step（3）Non-woven fabrics, be 4 ~ 5 layers of non-woven fabrics, the thickness of every layer of non-woven fabrics is 1.3mm.
Described step（3）Germination liquid, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Valine 24, glutamic acid 19, pumpkin seeds ammonia Acid 18, garlic P.E 6, Bitter Orang P.E 6, butyric acid potassium 3, brassinolide 3.
Described garlic P.E, the content of allicin is 91%.
Described step（4）Matrix, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Pepper stalk 47, pomelo peel 38, bagasse 35th, corncob 28, dry watermelon peel 28, vermiculite 23, perlite 17, activated carbon 6, by Pepper stalk, pomelo peel, bagasse, corn Core and dry watermelon peel are pulverized, and particle diameter is 2 ~ 3mm, adds vermiculite, perlite and activated carbon, mixes, obtain matrix.
Described step（6）Nutritional agents, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Calcium superphosphate 65, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 49, phosphorus Sour potassium 36, ferrous sulfate 23, manganese chloride 15, copper sulphate 9, borax 8, zinc chloride 5, sodium selenite 3, potassium bichromate 1.7.
Described step（6）Temperature be 22 DEG C and 15 DEG C, under normal circumstances, temperature be 22 DEG C, every 6 ~ 7 hours, by temperature Spending moment is adjusted to 15 DEG C, and keeping temperature 28 seconds, then moment recalls to 22 DEG C, strengthens irritability and the resistance of seedling.
Described step（6）Illumination, irradiate 5 hours, close 1 hour, carry out being grown under batch (-type) irradiation, low temperature environment Shi Guangzhao, promotes plant branch, stalk is sturdy, improves capsicum and blossoms and bears fruit rate.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high efficiency seedling cultivating method of capsicum, comprises the following steps that：
（1）Seed soaks：Select full, ripe, complete, no disease pest pepper seed, be placed in 64 DEG C of water and soak 18 minutes, Breaking dormancy, kills germ, takes out, be immediately placed on mass fraction be 1.6%, temperature be to soak in 9 DEG C of sodium tripolyphosphate solution 300 minutes, reduce temperature, soften kind of a skin, so that plumule is easily sent, take out, clear water is cleaned, draining obtains immersion seed；
（2）Seed drying：Being in 34 DEG C of baking ovens by soak seed being laid in temperature, keeping seed activity, constant temperature drying is extremely aqueous Measure as 74%, it is to avoid weaken the respiration capability of seed because water content is too high, obtain roasted grain；
（3）Presprouting of seeds：Seed is laid on non-woven fabrics, beneficial to keeping nutrient and moisture, seed tiling thickness is 1.1cm, Be stacked in temperature be 23 DEG C, reduce seed in moisture evaporation, keep plumule activity, humidity be 78% incubated in, between stacking Gap is 7cm, and mass concentration of spraying is 1.4% germinator liquid per hour, and spray amount is the 18ml/kg (weight with pepper seed Gauge), vernalization 26 hours, keep suitable germination environment, accelerate germination, take out, obtain vernalization seed；
（4）Matrix treatments：Matrix is placed in 121 DEG C sterilize 18 minutes, kills disease pest, being placed in 56 DEG C and drying to water content is 20%, Seed can be kept to moisten, seed can be promoted again to breathe, obtain sterilization matrix；
（5）Seed is colonized；Sterilization matrix is laid in seedlings nursing plate, thickness is 8cm, and 25kGy radiation sterilization 240 seconds, by vernalization Seed is embedded in Medium Culture, and depth is 2.2 ~ 2.6cm, and spacing in the rows is 2 ~ 3cm, and line-spacing is 4 ~ 5cm, obtains planting out and seedling-growing disk；
（6）Seedling management：Field planting 1 ~ 2 day, temperature is 23 DEG C, humidity 78%, and spray concentration is the nutrition agent solution of 180mg/L, spray The amount of spilling is 39ml/m2, it is colonized 3 ~ 4 days, rudiment gets out matrix, temperature is 21 DEG C, humidity 74%, illumination 600lx, spray concentration is The nutrition agent solution of 196mg/L, fountain height is 64ml/m2, it is colonized 5 ~ 6 days, rudiment gets out matrix 0.8 ~ 1.2cm, temperature is 23 DEG C and 16 DEG C, humidity 74%, illumination 800lx, spray concentration be 189mg/L nutrition agent solution, fountain height be 53ml/m2, entirely Seedling raising process strictly controlled environment condition, promotes seed fast germination, and germination percentage is high, and strong stress resistance obtains Hot Pepper Seedling；
（7）Hardening is transplanted：Field planting 7 ~ 10 days, regulation temperature is 23 DEG C, humidity 68%, illumination 900lx, and spray concentration is 206mg/L Nutrition agent solution, fountain height be 47ml/m2, extract Hot Pepper Seedling, every 50 plants of a bundles, the non-woven wraps being 44% with humidity, put Preserved in 20 DEG C, obtained Hot Pepper Seedling, wait to plant.
Described step（1）Sodium tripolyphosphate, whiteness be 94%, purity be 99%.
Described step（3）Non-woven fabrics, be 4 ~ 5 layers of non-woven fabrics, the thickness of every layer of non-woven fabrics is 1.4mm.
Described step（3）Germination liquid, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Valine 25, glutamic acid 20, pumpkin seeds ammonia Acid 19, garlic P.E 7, Bitter Orang P.E 7, butyric acid potassium 4, brassinolide 4.
Described garlic P.E, the content of allicin is 92%.
Described step（4）Matrix, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Pepper stalk 48, pomelo peel 39, bagasse 36th, corncob 29, dry watermelon peel 29, vermiculite 24, perlite 18, activated carbon 7, by Pepper stalk, pomelo peel, bagasse, corn Core and dry watermelon peel are pulverized, and particle diameter is 3mm, adds vermiculite, perlite and activated carbon, mixes, obtain matrix.
Described step（6）Nutritional agents, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Calcium superphosphate 66, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 50, phosphorus Sour potassium 37, ferrous sulfate 24, manganese chloride 16, copper sulphate 10, borax 9, zinc chloride 6, sodium selenite 4, potassium bichromate 1.8.
Described step（6）Temperature be 23 DEG C and 16 DEG C, under normal circumstances, temperature be 23 DEG C, every 7 hours, by temperature Moment is adjusted to 16 DEG C, and keeping temperature 30 seconds, then moment recalls to 23 DEG C, strengthens irritability and the resistance of seedling.
Described step（6）Illumination, irradiate 5 hours, close 1 hour, carry out being grown under batch (-type) irradiation, low temperature environment Shi Guangzhao, promotes plant branch, stalk is sturdy, improves capsicum and blossoms and bears fruit rate.
Comparative example
Existing pepper seedling raising method.
Embodiment and the mensure of each index of comparative example pepper seedling raising method：
In identical area, according to the method for culturing seedlings of embodiment and comparative example, nursery is carried out to the capsicum of same breed respectively, be used in combination Identical method is transplanted, and each index of pepper seedling raising method is measured, embodiment and comparative example pepper seedling raising method The measurement result of each index is shown in Table 1.
Table 1：Embodiment and the mensure of each index of comparative example pepper seedling raising method
Project Embodiment 1 Embodiment 2 Embodiment 3 Comparative example
Germinating time/(my god) 3 3 4 6
Germination percentage/(%) 93 94 92 94
Transplanting success/(%) 100 100 100 91
Disease pest rate/(%) 4 2 2 11
Zinc/(mg/100g) 7.28 7.32 7.53 0.42
Selenium/(μ g/100g) 9.76 9.84 9.97 0.67
Chromium/(ng/100g) 6.865 6.753 6.812 0.639
Residues of pesticides Do not detect Do not detect Do not detect Detection
Cost-effective/(%) 12.4 12.8 12.6 —
Note：" " indicate Wu.
The result of table 1 shows, the high efficiency seedling cultivating method of embodiment capsicum, and germinating time is substantially short compared with comparative example, survival rate Height, disease pest rate is low, and transplanting success is 1005, the content of zinc, selenium and chromium obviously higher than comparative example, non agricultural chemical residuum, more in fact Apply example cost-effective 13.7%, illustrate that the high efficiency seedling cultivating method of the capsicum that the present invention provides has good nursery effect.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of high efficiency seedling cultivating method of capsicum is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps that：
（1）Seed soaks：Select full, ripe, complete, no disease pest pepper seed, be placed in 62 ~ 64 DEG C of water soak 16 ~ 18 minutes, take out, be immediately placed on mass fraction be 1.4 ~ 1.6%, temperature be soak 260 in 7 ~ 9 DEG C of sodium tripolyphosphate solution ~ 300 minutes, take out, clear water is cleaned, draining obtains immersion seed；
（2）Seed drying：It is in 32 ~ 34 DEG C of baking ovens by soak seed being laid in temperature, constant temperature drying to water content is 72 ~ 74%, Obtain roasted grain；
（3）Presprouting of seeds：Seed is laid on non-woven fabrics, seed tiling thickness be 0.9 ~ 1.1cm, be stacked in temperature be 21 ~ 23 DEG C, humidity be 76 ~ 78% incubated in, stacking gap is 5 ~ 7cm, per hour mass concentration of spraying be 1.2 ~ 1.4% germinator liquid, in terms of the weight of pepper seed, spray amount is 16 ~ 18ml/kg, and vernalization 24 ~ 26 hours is taken out, must be urged Bud seed；
（4）Matrix treatments：Matrix is placed in 121 DEG C sterilize 16 ~ 18 minutes, being placed in 54 ~ 56 DEG C and drying to water content is 19 ~ 20%, It is cooled to room temperature, obtain sterilization matrix；
（5）Seed is colonized；Sterilization matrix is laid in seedlings nursing plate, thickness is 6 ~ 8cm, 23 ~ 25kGy radiation sterilization 200 ~ 240 Second, vernalization seed is embedded in Medium Culture, depth is 2.2 ~ 2.6cm, spacing in the rows is 2 ~ 3cm, line-spacing is 4 ~ 5cm, obtains planting out and seedling-growing disk；
（6）Seedling management：Field planting 1 ~ 2 day, temperature is 21 ~ 23 DEG C, humidity 76 ~ 78%, and spray concentration is the battalion of 178 ~ 180mg/L Foster agent solution, fountain height is 37 ~ 39ml/m2, be colonized 3 ~ 4 days, rudiment gets out matrix, temperature be 19 ~ 21 DEG C, humidity 72 ~ 74%, Illumination 500 ~ 600lx, spray concentration is the nutrition agent solution of 192 ~ 196mg/L, and fountain height is 62 ~ 64ml/m2, it is colonized 5 ~ 6 days, Rudiment gets out matrix 0.8 ~ 1.2cm, and temperature is 21 ~ 23 DEG C and 14 ~ 16 DEG C, humidity 72 ~ 74%, illumination 700 ~ 800lx, sprays dense Spend the nutrition agent solution for 187 ~ 189mg/L, fountain height is 51 ~ 53ml/m2, obtain Hot Pepper Seedling；
（7）Hardening is transplanted：Field planting 7 ~ 10 days, regulation temperature is 21 ~ 23 DEG C, humidity 66 ~ 68%, illumination 800 ~ 900lx, sprays dense Spend the nutrition agent solution for 204 ~ 206mg/L, fountain height is 45 ~ 47ml/m2, extract Hot Pepper Seedling, every 50 plants of a bundles, with humidity be 42 ~ 44% non-woven wraps, are placed in 18 ~ 20 DEG C and are preserved, obtain Hot Pepper Seedling, wait to plant.
2. according to claim 1 the high efficiency seedling cultivating method of capsicum it is characterised in that described step（1）Sodium tripolyphosphate, Whiteness is 92 ~ 94%, and purity is 97 ~ 99%.
3. according to claim 1 the high efficiency seedling cultivating method of capsicum it is characterised in that described step（3）Non-woven fabrics, be 4 ~ 5 layers of non-woven fabrics, the thickness of every layer of non-woven fabrics is 1.2 ~ 1.4mm.
4. according to claim 1 the high efficiency seedling cultivating method of capsicum it is characterised in that described step（3）Germination liquid, by with The raw material composition of lower weight portion：Valine 23 ~ 25, glutamic acid 18 ~ 20, cucurbitin 17 ~ 19, garlic P.E 5 ~ 7, the dried immature fruit of citron orange Extract 5 ~ 7, butyric acid potassium 2 ~ 4, brassinolide 2 ~ 4.
5. according to claim 4 the high efficiency seedling cultivating method of capsicum it is characterised in that described garlic P.E, allicin Content be 90 ~ 92%.
6. according to claim 1 the high efficiency seedling cultivating method of capsicum it is characterised in that described step（4）Matrix, by following The raw material composition of weight portion：Pepper stalk 46 ~ 48, pomelo peel 37 ~ 39, bagasse 34 ~ 36, corncob 27 ~ 29, dry watermelon peel 27 ~ 29, vermiculite 22 ~ 24, perlite 16 ~ 18, activated carbon 5 ~ 7, by Pepper stalk, pomelo peel, bagasse, corncob and dry watermelon peel Pulverize, particle diameter is 2 ~ 3mm, adds vermiculite, perlite and activated carbon, mixes, obtain matrix.
7. according to claim 1 the high efficiency seedling cultivating method of capsicum it is characterised in that described step（6）Nutritional agents, by with The raw material composition of lower weight portion：Calcium superphosphate 64 ~ 66, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 48 ~ 50, potassium phosphate 35 ~ 37, ferrous sulfate 22 ~ 24, chlorine Change manganese 14 ~ 16, copper sulphate 8 ~ 10, borax 7 ~ 9, zinc chloride 4 ~ 6, sodium selenite 2 ~ 4, potassium bichromate 1.6 ~ 1.8.
8. according to claim 1 the high efficiency seedling cultivating method of capsicum it is characterised in that described step（6）Temperature be 21 ~ 23 DEG C and 14 ~ 16 DEG C, under normal circumstances, temperature be 21 ~ 23 DEG C, every 6 ~ 7 hours, temperature moment is adjusted to 14 ~ 16 DEG C, and keeps Temperature 25 ~ 30 seconds, then moment recall to 21 ~ 23 DEG C.
9. according to claim 1 the high efficiency seedling cultivating method of capsicum it is characterised in that described step（6）Illumination, irradiate 5 Hour, close 1 hour, carry out batch (-type) irradiation.
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CN107810802A (en) * 2017-11-18 2018-03-20 吕强 A kind of method for culturing seedlings for improving yield of hot pepper
CN107926524A (en) * 2017-11-18 2018-04-20 安徽双圆农业科技有限公司 A kind of breeding method of capsicum high-quality strong sprout
CN110476739A (en) * 2019-08-09 2019-11-22 中海石油化学股份有限公司 A kind of method of suitable Hainan plantation capsicum

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CN107371963A (en) * 2017-08-10 2017-11-24 合肥元政农林生态科技有限公司 A kind of method for piercing imperial bud knob plantation
CN107580980A (en) * 2017-08-30 2018-01-16 长葛市联发粮食专业合作社 A kind of high-yield planting method of capsicum
CN107439215A (en) * 2017-09-19 2017-12-08 孙立成 A kind of implantation methods of zinc-rich capsicum
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Application publication date: 20170222