CN106416905A - Quercus wutaishanica blume buckle net semi-direct seeding afforestation technology in spring - Google Patents

Quercus wutaishanica blume buckle net semi-direct seeding afforestation technology in spring Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106416905A
CN106416905A CN201610892875.6A CN201610892875A CN106416905A CN 106416905 A CN106416905 A CN 106416905A CN 201610892875 A CN201610892875 A CN 201610892875A CN 106416905 A CN106416905 A CN 106416905A
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seed
seedling
seeds
spring
quercus
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CN201610892875.6A
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闫兴富
周立彪
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North Minzu University
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North Minzu University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/08—Immunising seed
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation

Abstract

The invention discloses a quercus wutaishanica blume buckle net semi-direct seeding afforestation technology in spring, and relates to the technical field of affroestation. The technical scheme comprises the following steps: collecting seeds, seeding the seeds subjected to biocidal treatment in plastic seedling culture bags with gravel and forest rotten soil mixtures in the season that a large quantity of quercus wutaishanica blume seeds are matured and scattered, compacting the seeds after the seeds are seeded, placing the seedling culture bags on a lee indoor ground, and regularly watering to keep matrixes wet; finishing a planting site; forming a fully closed region with a metal net by taking wooden battens as brackets in forest gaps in spring, burying the lower end of the metal net into the soil to prevent mice and the like from digging holes and entering the closed region to eat cotyledons of seedlings; before germs grow and extend out of the soil surface, fully watering the seedling culture bags, and transplanting the seedling culture bags into the closed region in a way of transplanting two plants in each closed region; removing the metal net after about 6 weeks, regularly checking the growth condition of the seedlings, and performing intertillage management, weeding management and the like. According to the quercus wutaishanica blume buckle net semi-direct seeding afforestation technology in spring, seeds are saved, the germination rate is high, the cotyledon retention rate is high, seed storage is avoided, loss is avoided, and the afforestation cost is greatly reduced.

Description

Quercus liaotungensis spring detains half direct seeding forestation technology of net
Technical field
The present invention relates to afforestation technology field, and in particular to Quercus liaotungensis spring detains half direct seeding forestation technology of net.
Background technology
Species ofoak well developed root system, strong adaptability, with characteristics such as water conservation, soil conservation, bank protection, drought-resistant barren, resistance to fellings； Adult robur have very strong sprout evil ability, once afforest, century-old be benefited；Robur seed production is higher, introduces a collection abundance, and seed is sought Foster rich content, germination percentage height, it is suitable as vanguard tree seed and the ecologically fragile areas ecological shelter forest construction of deserted mountain area afforestation Preferable seeds, be also widely used in the important of the industries such as feedstuff, timber floor, edible fungi substrate, Antherea pernyi Guerin-Meneville cultivation, wine production Raw tree species.
Plant seedlings with live and robur afforestation is may be incorporated for, but planting by stock many spring in arid are carried out, it is difficult not only to afforest Degree is big, survival rate is low, and needs substantial amounts of manpower and labor service expenditure, and cost of forestation is high.Therefore, direct seeding forestation is robur people The effective way of work afforestation, direct seeding forestation can utilize the feature that the nutrient substance storage of robur seed is abundant, vitality is strong, can fit When grab moisture sowing, and seed transport is convenient, saving of work and time；Especially autumn direct seeding forestation has more advantage, in the autumn then of sowing Can sprout before season soil freezing, main root is extended up to 5 more than cm (in the case of early sowing, main root increment is up to 10 more than cm), And plumule does not stretch out native face, next spring soil just starts to sprout after thawing and rapid elongation, greatly improves seed planting percent.This One special seed sprouts and Seedling establishment pattern had both overcome recalcitrant defect of the robur nut (seed) intolerant to drying and dehydrating, The difficult problem of nut safe overwintering is solved again.
Specifically, existing spring planting by stock technology is：
(1) seed collection：Late September-mid-October, collection assumes sepia or taupe, glossiness full seed, collection Properly process afterwards and preserve, moisture content height, no rest period during Quercus liaotungensis seed maturity, easily germination go rotten, and receive insect pest more；After adopting Ventilation should be placed in and spread out and dry in the shade, stir daily, become faint yellow to skin is planted, seed moisture content about 80%-85% can storage.
(2) seed is biological proofing：(seed is put in 55 DEG C of warm water and soaks 10 min or in 50 DEG C of warm water with warm water seaoning 15 min of middle immersion) or the closed fumigation and steaming method of medicine (seed is put in secret room or in sealing container, in 1m3Space, use at 25 DEG C At aluminum phosphate 500g is stifling 20 h or 23 DEG C with 37.4 g of bromination first stifling 40 can h) kill most of endanger robur nut as Nose worm and its worm's ovum.
(3) the storage of seeds：
1. indoor wet sand bed area method：In aeration-drying indoor environment, one layer of sand and one layer of seed (8 cm-10 cm of thickness) are alternately Stacking (being highly less than 0.7m) or husky and seed is mixed and stack at one piece, notes ventilation treatment being carried out in stacking process, in case Seed heating is gone rotten.
2. method is stored sth. in a cellar in interior：Open air drying environment excavates wide × deep cellar for 1 m × 1 m, with " indoor wet sand lamination Method " method is equally layered stacking seed and covers full cellar to entrance of cellar 20-30 cm, then with dry sand；Ventilation during noting storing sth. in a cellar and Drainage sunk well, and make regular check on, in case going rotten or plague of rats generation.
(4) nursery：In site preparation and under conditions of using sufficient base fertilizer, the autumn for selecting seed maturity, (mid-September was to October The first tenday period of a month) or spring (late March) on the seedbed that constructs by 10cm × 20cm or 15 cm × 15cm seeding row spacing sow, Wherein the autumn and winter can exempt the storage of seeds and loss, and planting percent is higher, and seedling quality is preferable.
(5) manage after seedling replanting and cultivation：Transplanted after falling leaves in the fall or before spring sprouts, the nursery stock of larger specification Preferably band soil ball transplanting, the treelet stage can rational close planted or mixed with other seeds hand over so that lateral shelter, treelet enters after growing up again In the ranks cut down.To water in time after nursery stock transplanting and loosen the soil, weeding, the management such as stump or pruning.
The shortcoming of the spring planting by stock technology：(1) the storage of seeds process is because slowly sprouting automatically or going rotten, damage by worms or Mus Evil etc. causes a large amount of loss of seeds；
(2) because the manual operation before and after seedling replanting or weather arid cause a large amount of seedling dead during the nursery stock transplanting after nursery Die, cause cost of forestation to improve and Quality Down；
(3) during nursery stock transplanting, substantial amounts of manpower and labor service expenditure directly result in being greatly improved for cost of forestation.
Unprotect direct seeding forestation technology：(1) seed collection：Late September-mid-October, collection assumes sepia or ash is brown Color, glossiness full seed, properly process after collection and preserve, moisture content height during Quercus liaotungensis seed maturity, no rest period, easily Germination is gone rotten, and receives insect pest more；Ventilation should be placed in after adopting and be spread out and dry in the shade, stir daily, become faint yellow, seed aqueous to skin is planted Amount about 80%-85% can storage.
(2) seed is biological proofing：(seed is put in 55 DEG C of warm water and soaks 10 min or in 50 DEG C of warm water with warm water seaoning Middle immersion 15min) or the closed fumigation and steaming method of medicine (seed is put in secret room or in sealing container, in 1m3Space, use at 25 DEG C 40h is fumigated with 37.4 g of bromination first at aluminum phosphate 500g is stifling 20 h or 23 DEG C) can kill most of endanger robur nut as Nose worm and its worm's ovum.
(3) site preparation：(mid-September is to early October) or spring (late March) site preparation in the fall, so that autumn site preparation is live be Main, the purpose of site preparation is to reduce the soil weight, increases soil porosity and soil contains moisture ability, improve soil moisture content； Site preparation constructs seedbed based on the form of fish-scale pit, is conducive to conserving water and soil and protects seedling to avoid high light direct projection, is formed and give shade bar Part, is conducive to robur growth of seedling；Existing site preparation is now sowed.
(4) sow：Sowed after site preparation immediately, before autumn live soil freezing then, seed can be sprouted to form a long 3cm left side Right radicle, and safe overwintering, after next spring soil thaws, seedling starts growth；Tufted program request, per bunch planting 4-5 grain, after planting covers Native 5-8cm, is covered with surface dust after having peace of mind.
(5) treelet stage management：Transplanted after falling leaves in the fall or before spring sprouts, the nursery stock of larger specification preferably carries Soil ball is transplanted, the treelet stage can rational close planted or mixed with other seeds hand over so that lateral shelter, treelet enters in the ranks after growing up again Cut down.To water in time after nursery stock transplanting and loosen the soil, weeding, the management such as stump or pruning.
The shortcoming of the direct seeding forestation technology：(1) as robur nut bits are big, content of starch enriches, and is most birds and Mus The important foodstuffs source of class animal eating, the seed after planting " waits " a large amount of seeds in germination process to lose because of the plague of rats, Cause seed to waste in a large number, and the labor service expenditure of artificial after-culture increases, so as to cause cost of forestation to greatly improve；
(2), after seed sprouting, factor leaf is taken food in a large number by murine and so that seedling is lacked during early growth necessary Nutrient substance is supplied, and makes mortality during Seedling establishment, directly results in afforestation failure；
(3) during direct seeding forestation, seed waits sprouting partially long with the time of seedling, and the seed that sows in cave is taken food or routs up Ground, causes emergence rate to reduce, and not only causes seed resource to lose, and causes human and material resources and financial resources to waste and afforestation mistake Lose.Additionally, the seedling growth of robur afforestation early stage is based on root growth, aerial growth is slow, and lateral root growth is extremely Limited, Root Absorption ability is weaker, it is difficult to maintain the water balance of plant, causes the robur surrival rate of afforestation to reduce, and is forestry life Produce an important technology difficult problem anxious to be resolved in practice.
In order to solve the above problems, a kind of Quercus liaotungensis spring button half direct seeding forestation technology of net is designed particularly necessary.
Content of the invention
For not enough present on prior art, present invention aim at a kind of offer Quercus liaotungensis spring detains, and net half is live to be made Woods technology, can not only save seed, improve the retention ratio of seed germination rate and seedling cotyledon, and can exempt the storage of seeds process Input, it is to avoid because automatically sprouting in storage, insecticide moth food, mycete are contaminated or murine is stolen the seed that food causes and damaged Lose, greatly save cost of forestation, it is easy to promote the use of.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions realizing：Quercus liaotungensis spring button net half is straight Afforestation technology is broadcast, its technical scheme is：(1) seed collection：Late September-mid-October, collection present sepia or taupe, Glossiness full seed, properly processes after collection and preserves, due to moisture content height, no rest period during Quercus liaotungensis seed maturity, Easily germination is gone rotten, and receives insect pest more, and seed should be placed in ventilation after adopting and spread out and stir daily, is changed into faint yellow to skin is planted, plants Sub- water content about 80%-85% can be used for sowing.
(2) seed is biological proofing：Most of harm robur nut can be killed with warm water seaoning or the closed fumigation and steaming method of medicine Weevil and its worm's ovum；Wherein warm water seaoning the step of be：Seed is put in 55 DEG C of warm water and soaks 10 min or in 50 DEG C of temperature 15min is soaked in water；The step of medicine closed fumigation and steaming method is：Seed is put in secret room or in sealing container, in 1m3Space, 40h is fumigated with 37.4 g of bromination first at 20h or 23 DEG C being fumigated with aluminum phosphate 500g at 25 DEG C.
(3) nursery (accelerating germination)：It is scattered season (late September) in a large amount of maturations of Quercus liaotungensis seed, by above-mentioned through biological proofing Seed afterwards is sowed at and fills gravel：Under forest, rotten soil is than being 1：In the plastic seeding culturing bag of 3 substrate, Seedling bag specification is 15cm × 6cm, depth of planting about 5cm, after planting appropriate compacting, the ground that Seedling bag after planting is placed in the simple greenhouse of wind sheltering On, in case winter substrate is freezed, and periodically carries out management holding substrate moistening of watering, so that seed keeps slow germinating.
(4) reproducing area is arranged：With the miscellaneous shrub community of Liupan Mountain Area as reproducing area, the method that is felled with felling saw is away from ground Shrub trunk clearly being amputated at the 20cm of face, manufactures the holt window of size about 1.5 m × 1.5m, removes all draft plants in woods window Thing, make full use of robur juvenile stage light resistance to shade characteristic, it is to avoid because concealment causes death of seedling after seed sprouting, and effectively prevent Under model high light, soil moisture acutely evapotranspires.
(5) button net and transplanting：Spring (late April), with wood lath as support in woods window, surrounds 20 with ferrum zinc wire netting The totally-enclosed region of cm × 20 cm, and wire netting lower end is buried in the earth, in case muroid digs a hole and pierces closed area and take food seedling Cotyledon；(radicle is about 5 cm) in face of soil being stretched out in plumule, transplants in closed area, often seal after Seedling bag is fully watered Closed region transplants 2 plants；Wire netting is removed after about 6 weeks, growth of seedling situation is made regular check on, and carries out the management such as intertillage and weeding.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：(1) seed is saved, the germination rate of nursery seed is up to 100%, it is to avoid because seed is store Because sprouting automatically during Tibetan, insecticide moth is eaten, mycete is contaminated or murine steals the loss of seeds that food is caused；
(2) the complete of seedling cotyledon is protected, cotyledon retention ratio is up to 100%, is that seeding previous vigor ensures there is provided nutrition, And with the effect for alleviating drought stress after spring transplants；
(3) woods window environment had both overcome sylvan life excessively suppression of the concealment to growth of seedling, turn avoid afforestation because excessively dry The death of seedling that drought is caused；Survival rate of seedling reaches more than 90%, and raw Seedling Height is maximum up to 30cm, for up to 9, blade within 2 years；
(4) the related input of the storage of seeds process is eliminated, cost of forestation is greatlyd save, and avoids storage generation Loss of seeds.
Specific embodiment
Technological means, creation characteristic, reached purpose and effect for realizing the present invention is easy to understand, with reference to Specific embodiment, is expanded on further the present invention.
This specific embodiment is employed the following technical solutions：Quercus liaotungensis spring detains half direct seeding forestation technology of net, its technical side Case is：
(1) seed collection：In late September-mid-October, collection assumes sepia or taupe, glossiness full seed, adopts Properly process after collection and preserve, due to moisture content height, no rest period during Quercus liaotungensis seed maturity, easily germination is gone rotten, and receives worm more Evil, seed should be placed in ventilation after adopting and spread out and stir daily, be changed into faint yellow to skin is planted, and seed moisture content about 80%-85% is Can be used to sow.
(2) seed is biological proofing：Most of harm robur nut can be killed with warm water seaoning or the closed fumigation and steaming method of medicine Weevil and its worm's ovum：
1. wherein warm water seaoning：Seed is put in 55 DEG C of warm water to be soaked 10 min or 15min is soaked in 50 DEG C of warm water；
2. the closed fumigation and steaming method of medicine：Seed is put in secret room or in sealing container, in 1m3Space, use aluminum phosphate at 25 DEG C 40h is fumigated with 37.4 g of bromination first at 500g is stifling 20h or 23 DEG C.
(3) nursery (accelerating germination)：It is scattered season (late September) in a large amount of maturations of Quercus liaotungensis seed, by after biological proofing Seed is sowed at and fills gravel：Under forest, rotten soil is than being 1：In the plastic seeding culturing bag of 3 substrate, Seedling bag specification be 15cm × 6cm, depth of planting about 5cm, after planting appropriate compacting, the ground that Seedling bag after planting is placed in the simple greenhouse of wind sheltering On, in case winter substrate is freezed, and periodically carries out management holding substrate moistening of watering, so that seed keeps slow germinating.
(4) reproducing area is arranged：With the miscellaneous shrub community of Liupan Mountain Area as reproducing area, the method that is felled with felling saw is away from ground Shrub trunk clearly being amputated at the 20cm of face, manufactures the holt window of size about 1.5 m × 1.5m, removes all draft plants in woods window Thing, make full use of robur juvenile stage light resistance to shade characteristic, it is to avoid because concealment causes death of seedling after seed sprouting, and effectively prevent Under model high light, soil moisture acutely evapotranspires.
(5) button net and transplanting：Spring (late April), with wood lath as support in woods window, surrounds 20 with ferrum zinc wire netting The totally-enclosed region of cm × 20 cm, and wire netting lower end is buried in the earth, in case muroid digs a hole and pierces closed area and take food seedling Cotyledon；(radicle is about 5 cm) in face of soil being stretched out in plumule, transplants in closed area, often seal after Seedling bag is fully watered Closed region transplants 2 plants；Wire netting is removed after about 6 weeks, growth of seedling situation is made regular check on, and carries out the management such as intertillage and weeding.
This specific embodiment is educated using plastic seeding culturing bag according to the automatic sprouting feature of Recalcitrant Seeds, autumn concentration Seedling, the germination rate of nursery seed is up to 100%, and seed not only can effectively prevent seed from going rotten after sprouting, damage by worms and the plague of rats, and The loss during the storage of seeds can be exempted, prevent murine in Seed Germination from taking food the seedling that seed or cotyledon cause Death, protects the complete of seedling cotyledon, is that seeding previous vigor ensures there is provided nutrition；In addition woods window environment had both overcome woods The lower suppression for excessively covering to growth of seedling, turn avoid the death of seedling that afforestation is caused because of excessive arid, greatlys save Cost of forestation, with wide market application foreground.
Ultimate principle and principal character and the advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry Personnel it should be appreciated that the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and description this The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, these changes Change and improvement is both fallen within scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appending claims and its Equivalent thereof.

Claims (1)

1. Quercus liaotungensis spring detains half direct seeding forestation technology of net, it is characterised in that (1) seed collection：Late September-mid-October, adopt Collection assumes sepia or taupe, glossiness full seed, properly processes and preserves, due to Quercus liaotungensis seed maturity after collection When moisture content height, no rest period, easily germination go rotten, and receive insect pest more, and seed should be placed in ventilation after adopting and spread out and stir daily, It is changed into faint yellow to skin is planted, seed moisture content about 80%-85% can be used for sowing；
(2) seed is biological proofing：The trunk of most of harm robur nut can be killed with warm water seaoning or the closed fumigation and steaming method of medicine Worm and its worm's ovum；
Wherein warm water seaoning the step of be：Seed is put in 55 DEG C of warm water and is soaked 10 min or soak in 50 DEG C of warm water 15min；
The step of medicine closed fumigation and steaming method is：Seed is put in secret room or in sealing container, in 1m3Space, use phosphatization at 25 DEG C 40h is fumigated with bromination first 37.4g at aluminum 500g is stifling 20h or 23 DEG C；
(3) nursery (accelerating germination)：It is scattered season (late September) in a large amount of maturations of Quercus liaotungensis seed, by the seed after biological proofing It is sowed at and fills gravel：Under forest, rotten soil is than being 1：In the plastic seeding culturing bag of 3 substrate, Seedling bag specification is 15cm × 6cm, to broadcast Depth about 5cm is planted, after planting appropriate compacting, on the ground that Seedling bag after planting is placed in the simple greenhouse of wind sheltering, in case Winter substrate is freezed, and periodically carries out management holding substrate moistening of watering, so that seed keeps slow germinating；
(4) reproducing area is arranged：With the miscellaneous shrub community of Liupan Mountain Area as reproducing area, the method that is felled with felling saw is away from ground Shrub trunk clearly being amputated at 20cm, manufactures the holt window of size about 1.5 m × 1.5m, removes whole herbaceous plant in woods window, Make full use of robur juvenile stage light resistance to shade characteristic, it is to avoid because concealment causes death of seedling after seed sprouting, and effectively take precautions against Under high light, soil moisture acutely evapotranspires；
(5) button net and transplanting：Spring (late April) with wood lath as support in woods window, with ferrum zinc wire netting surround 20 cm × The totally-enclosed region of 20 cm, and wire netting lower end is buried in the earth, the son for piercing that closed area takes food seedling in case muroid digs a hole Leaf；(radicle is about 5 cm) in face of soil is stretched out in plumule, transplanted after Seedling bag is fully watered in closed area, per enclosed area Domain transplants 2 plants；Wire netting is removed after about 6 weeks, growth of seedling situation is made regular check on, and carries out the management such as intertillage and weeding.
CN201610892875.6A 2016-10-13 2016-10-13 Quercus wutaishanica blume buckle net semi-direct seeding afforestation technology in spring Pending CN106416905A (en)

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Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202941210U (en) * 2012-11-16 2013-05-22 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 Rat proof seedling raising hole tray
CN203424056U (en) * 2013-09-02 2014-02-12 付艳 Multifunctional seedling culture hole tray
CN105948936A (en) * 2016-06-01 2016-09-21 云南省热带作物科学研究所 Seedling raising matrix suitable for tropical zone plants and preparation method and application thereof

Patent Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202941210U (en) * 2012-11-16 2013-05-22 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 Rat proof seedling raising hole tray
CN203424056U (en) * 2013-09-02 2014-02-12 付艳 Multifunctional seedling culture hole tray
CN105948936A (en) * 2016-06-01 2016-09-21 云南省热带作物科学研究所 Seedling raising matrix suitable for tropical zone plants and preparation method and application thereof

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张亚辉等: "辽东栎育苗及造林技术浅议", 《山西林业科技》 *
杜枫: "太行山林区辽东栎容器育苗造林技术", 《山西林业》 *
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