CN106386164A - Shiitake mushroom cultivation method - Google Patents
Shiitake mushroom cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106386164A CN106386164A CN201610755879.XA CN201610755879A CN106386164A CN 106386164 A CN106386164 A CN 106386164A CN 201610755879 A CN201610755879 A CN 201610755879A CN 106386164 A CN106386164 A CN 106386164A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a shiitake mushroom cultivation method which comprises the following steps: preparing a culture medium; inoculating the culture medium with a shiitake mushroom strain and subjecting the shiitake mushroom strain to primary culture operation, wherein the conditions for the primary culture operation are that: the temperature is 21-22 DEG C, the humidity is 62% RH-65% RH, the illumination intensity is 6 lux-8 lux, and the CO2 concentration is 4500-5000 ppm; subjecting the shiitake mushroom strain to expanded culture operation, wherein the conditions for the expanded culture operation are that: the temperature is 22-25 DEG C, the humidity is 60% RH-67% RH, the illumination intensity is 8 lux-9 lux and the CO2 concentration is 5000 ppm to 55000 ppm; spraying a shiitake mushroom promoting solution to the shiitake mushroom strain, wherein the shiitake mushroom growth period can be shortened, and the mushroom fruiting evenness degree can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting edible mushroom technical field, more particularly to mushroom cultivating method.
Background technology
Mushroom, also known as flower mushroom, mushroom, fragrant letter, fragrant bacterium, dried mushroom, fragrant wild rice, are the fructification of Pleurotaceae plant mushroom.Due to
Its taste is more fragrant, and pleasant aroma is nutritious, not only ranks straw mushroom, flat mushroom, on white mushroom, and have " fungi queen "
Reputation.
Mushroom cultivating method has segment wood cultivated and two kinds of substituting stuff cultivation.The a large amount of timber of segment wood cultivated needs, are only suitable to
Development of Forest Area, and substituting stuff cultivation is with short production cycle, biological efficiency is also high, and can utilize various agricultural wastes, can
In town and country broad development.
However, in current mushroom plantation, growth cycle is longer, and mushroom fruiting is not neat, be unfavorable for large-scale production and
Management.
Content of the invention
Based on this it is necessary to provide a kind of cultivation that can shorten the mushroom growth cycle and improve the mushroom of the neat degree of fruiting
Culture method.
A kind of mushroom cultivating method, comprises the steps：
Prepare culture medium；
Mushroom strain is seeded in described culture medium, and carries out primary culture operation, wherein, described primary culture operation
Condition：Temperature is 21 DEG C～22 DEG C, and humidity is 62%RH～65%RH, and intensity of illumination is 6lux～8lux, and CO2 concentration is
4500ppm～5000ppm；
Mushroom strain is enlarged with culture operation, wherein, the condition of described Amplification Culture operation：Temperature is 22 DEG C～25
DEG C, humidity is 60%RH～67%RH, and intensity of illumination is 8lux～9lux, and CO2 concentration is 5000ppm～55000ppm；
Spray mushroom to mushroom strain and urge mushroom liquid.
Wherein in an embodiment, described mushroom is urged mushroom liquid to add to described mushroom strain by the way of spray
On.
Wherein in an embodiment, described mushroom urges mushroom liquid to include citric acid and water.
Wherein in an embodiment, described mushroom urges mushroom liquid also to include thymidine.
Wherein in an embodiment, described mushroom urges mushroom liquid also to include alkanol.
Wherein in an embodiment, described mushroom urges mushroom liquid also to include heteroauxin.
Wherein in an embodiment, described mushroom urges mushroom liquid also to include L-arginine.
Above-mentioned mushroom cultivating method is as follows：Prepare culture medium；Mushroom strain is seeded to described culture medium
In, and carry out primary culture operation, and wherein, the condition of described primary culture operation：Temperature is 21 DEG C～22 DEG C, and humidity is 62%
RH～65%RH, intensity of illumination is 6lux～8lux, and CO2 concentration is 4500ppm～5000ppm；Mushroom strain is enlarged
Culture operation, wherein, the condition of described Amplification Culture operation：Temperature is 22 DEG C～25 DEG C, and humidity is 60%RH～67%RH, light
It is 8lux～9lux according to intensity, CO2 concentration is 5000ppm～55000ppm；Spray mushroom to mushroom strain and urge mushroom liquid, can contract
Short mushroom growth cycle and the raising neat degree of fruiting.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of steps of the mushroom cultivating method of an embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of steps of the mushroom cultivating method of an embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Understandable for enabling the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention to become apparent from, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to the present invention
Specific embodiment be described in detail.Elaborate a lot of details in order to fully understand this in the following description
Bright.But the present invention can be much to implement different from alternate manner described here, and those skilled in the art can be not
Similar improvement is done, therefore the present invention is not embodied as being limited by following public in the case of running counter to intension of the present invention.
For example, refer to Fig. 1, the mushroom cultivating method of an embodiment of the present invention, comprise the steps：Preparation culture
Base；Mushroom strain is seeded in described culture medium, and carries out primary culture operation, wherein, the bar of described primary culture operation
Part：Temperature is 21 DEG C～22 DEG C, and humidity is 62%RH～65%RH, and intensity of illumination is 6lux～8lux, and CO2 concentration is
4500ppm～5000ppm；Mushroom strain is enlarged with culture operation, wherein, the condition of described Amplification Culture operation：Temperature
For 22 DEG C～25 DEG C, humidity be 60%RH～67%RH, intensity of illumination be 8lux～9lux, CO2 concentration be 5000ppm～
55000ppm；Spray mushroom to mushroom strain and urge mushroom liquid.
For example, the mushroom cultivating method of another embodiment, comprises the steps：Prepare culture medium；To mushroom strain
Carry out activation process；Mushroom strain is seeded in described culture medium, and carries out primary culture operation, wherein, described primary training
Support the condition of operation：Temperature is 21 DEG C～22 DEG C, and humidity is 62%RH～65%RH, and intensity of illumination is 6lux～8lux, CO2Dense
Spend for 4500ppm～5000ppm；Mushroom strain is enlarged with culture operation, wherein, the condition of described Amplification Culture operation：
Temperature is 22 DEG C～25 DEG C, and humidity is 60%RH～67%RH, and intensity of illumination is 8lux～9lux, CO2Concentration be 5000ppm～
55000ppm；Spray mushroom to mushroom strain and urge mushroom liquid；Insect is carried out to mushroom strain and kills process.
Wherein, the preparation method following steps of described culture medium：Collect culture raw material；Described culture raw material is pulverized
Operation；Described culture raw material is carried out sealing stewing operation；Described culture raw material is put into extruder, and carries out extrusion operation, obtain
The culture grain of strip；Collect discarded rotten wood, punch operation is carried out on discarded rotten wood, form implantation hole；Culture grain is inserted institute
State plantation in the hole, form described culture medium；Spray after water smoke to described culture medium, stood；Described culture medium is killed
Bacterium is processed.
In order to further illustrate above-mentioned mushroom cultivating method, for example, Fig. 2, the perfume (or spice) of an embodiment of the present invention are referred to
The cultural method of mushroom, comprises the steps：
S110：Prepare culture medium.
It is appreciated that described culture medium is particularly important for the follow-up plantation of mushroom or cultivation, in order to shorten the life of mushroom
Long period and make mushroom fruiting more neat, therefore, it is necessary to provide a kind of preparation method of culture medium.
For example, the preparation method of the described culture medium of an embodiment, comprises the steps：
S111：Collect culture raw material.
In order to shorten the growth cycle of mushroom, the paired growth cycle shortening mushroom of group of culture raw material is extremely important
, by configuring culture raw material, to adjust the nutrient content during mushroom growth, to reach the growth cycle shortening mushroom.
It is appreciated that the species of described culture raw material and composition shorten the growth cycle of mushroom and improve fruiting for follow-up
Neat degree is most important, and in order to improve the quality of described culture raw material, for example, described culture raw material is compound criteria raw material；
And for example, by subsequent treatment is carried out using compound criteria raw material, for shortening the growth cycle of mushroom and improving the neat journey of fruiting
Degree, described compound criteria raw material includes the first culture raw material, the second culture raw material and the 3rd culture raw material, and described first is cultivated
Raw material, described second culture raw material and described 3rd culture raw material can get described compound criteria raw material after carrying out compounding.Especially
, it should be noted that described culture raw material is not limited to using compound criteria raw material, certainly, described culture raw material can also be single for it
Cultivate raw material, described second culture raw material or described 3rd culture raw material as the training of subsequent operation using using described first purely
Foster raw material.
In order to preferably shorten the growth cycle of mushroom, for example, described first culture raw material contains following component：Cottonseed
Shell, wood chip, husk, peanut shell, mung bean shell, soya bean shell, corncob, arginine, lysine, leucine, valine, brown sugar and
Water.
By with traditional cotton seed hulls, wood chip as primary raw material, can preferably keep the quality of mushroom, in traditional raw material base
Husk is added on plinth, the big mushroom of handle enabling to mushroom is fertile, the yield per unit area of lifting mushroom.And pass through add peanut shell,
Mung bean shell, soya bean shell, when arranging in pairs or groups together with cotton seed hulls, wood chip, husk, nutrition more equalizes, and can reduce the necrosis of mushroom
Rate is also beneficial to the planarization of mushroom growth.And pass through to add corncob, the cost of mushroom plantation can be reduced, and mushroom
The speed of growth of mycelia is accelerated.By adding arginine, it is luxuriant to enable to mushroom early stage mycelia, cell division activity
Height, when especially using with leucine, valine, enables to that growth is more smooth, and the mushroom preservation phase after maturation is long, just
Pluck in batches in follow-up unification, reduce human cost.
Add the described first culture raw material of said components, can preferably keep the quality of mushroom, enable to mushroom
The big mushroom of handle fertile, the yield per unit area of lifting mushroom, enable to nutrition and more equalize, the necrosis rate of mushroom can be reduced,
Also beneficial to the planarization of mushroom growth, it is luxuriant to enable to mushroom early stage mycelia, cell division activity high so that growth more
Smooth, and the mushroom preservation phase after maturation is long, is easy to follow-up unification and plucks in batches, reduces human cost.
Nutrition in order to further make mushroom more equalizes, and shortens the growth cycle of mushroom, for example, described first culture
Raw material includes each component of following mass parts：12 parts～16 parts of cotton seed hulls, 32 parts～45 parts of wood chip, 9 parts～13 parts of husk, peanut
7 parts～11 parts of shell, 4 parts～9 parts of mung bean shell, 7 parts～10 parts of soya bean shell, 9 parts～13 parts of corncob, arginine 0.3 part～0.7
Part, 0.25 part～0.42 part of lysine, 0.31 part～0.68 part of leucine, 0.24 part～0.41 part of valine, brown sugar 2 parts～5
Part and 85 parts～100 parts of water, by adding containing the first culture raw material belonging to above-mentioned mass parts, can make the nutrition of mushroom more
For equilibrium, shorten the growth cycle of mushroom, and the big mushroom of handle of mushroom is fertile, can reduce the necrosis rate of mushroom, to mushroom growth
Planarization is also beneficial so that growth is more smooth, and the mushroom preservation phase after maturation is long, is easy to follow-up unification and adopts in batches
Pluck, reduce human cost.
And for example, described first culture raw material includes each component of following mass parts：13 parts～13.8 parts of cotton seed hulls, wood chip 34
Part～36 parts, 11 parts～11.8 parts of husk, 8.4 parts～9.2 parts of peanut shell, 6.1 parts～6.5 parts of mung bean shell, 7.2 parts of soya bean shell～
7.8 parts, 10 parts～10.4 parts of corncob, 0.42 part～0.45 part of arginine, 0.31 part～0.35 part of lysine, leucine
0.42 part～0.48 part, 0.32 part～0.37 part of valine, 3.8 parts～4.2 parts of brown sugar and 92 parts～96 parts of water, are contained by adding
There is the affiliated first culture raw material of above-mentioned mass parts, the nutrition of mushroom can be made more to equalize, further shorten the life of mushroom
Long period, and the big mushroom of handle of mushroom is fertile, can reduce the necrosis rate of mushroom, also beneficial to the planarization of mushroom growth so that raw
Length is more smooth, and the mushroom preservation phase after maturation is long, is easy to follow-up unification and plucks in batches, reduces human cost.
And for example, described first culture raw material includes each component of following mass parts：13.4 parts of cotton seed hulls, 34.5 parts of wood chip,
11.4 parts of husk, 8.7 parts of peanut shell, 6.3 parts of mung bean shell, 7.5 parts of soya bean shell, 10.2 parts of corncob, 0.43 part of arginine, rely
0.32 part of propylhomoserin, 0.45 part of leucine, 0.34 part of valine, 3.9 parts of brown sugar and 94 parts of water, contain above-mentioned mass parts by adding
Affiliated first culture raw material, the nutrition of mushroom can be made more to equalize, further shorten the growth cycle of mushroom, and mushroom
The big mushroom of handle fertile, the necrosis rate of mushroom can be reduced, also beneficial to the planarization of mushroom growth so that growth is more smooth, and
The mushroom preservation phase after maturation is long, is easy to follow-up unification and plucks in batches, reduces human cost.
In order to further reduce the cost of the second culture raw material, and the growth cycle of shortening mushroom, for example, described second
Culture raw material contains following component：Bamboo scraps, straw, wheat bran, gypsum, rapeseed slag, leucine, isoleucine, L-arginine,
The Radix Astragali, brown sugar and water.
By adding bamboo scraps, straw, the planting cost of mushroom can be shortened further, and improve the adaptation of mushroom plantation
Property, by the basis of bamboo scraps, straw add wheat bran, ensure that mushroom on the basis of reduces cost quality will not under
Fall.By adding gypsum, the nutrient content such as less calcium sulphur of content in supplementary bamboo scraps, straw.By adding rapeseed slag, can
Further enrich bamboo scraps, straw, wheat bran, the nutrition of gypsum so that the big mushroom of the handle of mushroom is fertile, and pass through to add left-handed essence ammonia
Acid, it is luxuriant to enable to mushroom early stage mycelia, and cell division activity is high, especially with bamboo scraps, straw, wheat bran, gypsum, rapeseed
When slag, leucine, isoleucine are used together, the planarization of mushroom is good, is easy to harvesting and the management in later stage.And in bamboo scraps, rice
Add the Radix Astragali on the basis of grass, wheat bran, gypsum, rapeseed slag, leucine, isoleucine, L-arginine, enable to mushroom
Growth cycle shorten.
By adding the described second culture raw material containing said components, the planting cost of mushroom can be shortened, and improve
The adaptability of mushroom plantation, ensure that the quality of mushroom on the basis of reduces cost will not decline, enables to mushroom
The big mushroom of handle is fertile, enables to that mushroom early stage mycelia is luxuriant, and cell division activity is high, and the planarization enabling to mushroom is good, is easy to
The harvesting in later stage and management, the growth cycle enabling to mushroom shortens.
Nutrient content in order to further make described second culture raw material is more uniformly distributed, and for example, described second culture is former
Material includes each component of following mass parts：28 parts～35 parts of bamboo scraps, 54 parts～69 parts of straw, 20 parts～40 parts of wheat bran, gypsum 12
Part～15 parts, 12 parts～16 parts of rapeseed slag, 0.28 part～0.54 part of leucine, 0.71 part～0.9 part of isoleucine, left-handed essence
0.2 part～0.45 part of propylhomoserin, 5 parts～8 parts of the Radix Astragali, 5 parts～9 parts of brown sugar and 120 parts～140 parts of water, by adding containing as above
The described second culture raw material of mass parts, can make the nutrient content of described second culture raw material be more uniformly distributed, can shorten perfume (or spice)
The planting cost of mushroom, and improve the adaptability of mushroom plantation, ensure that the quality of mushroom on the basis of reduces cost will not
Decline, the big mushroom of handle enabling to mushroom is fertile, enable to that mushroom early stage mycelia is luxuriant, cell division activity is high, enables to
The planarization of mushroom is good, is easy to harvesting and the management in later stage, and the growth cycle enabling to mushroom shortens.
And for example, described second culture raw material includes each component of following mass parts：32 parts～33 parts of bamboo scraps, 57 parts of straw～
59 parts, 28 parts～30 parts of wheat bran, 12.8 parts～13.2 parts of gypsum, 13.5 parts～14 parts of rapeseed slag, 0.33 part of leucine～
0.35 part, 0.74 part～0.78 part of isoleucine, 0.31 part～0.35 part of L-arginine, 6 parts～7 parts of the Radix Astragali, 6 parts of brown sugar～
7 parts and 129 parts～132 parts of water, by adding the described second culture raw material containing as above mass parts, can further make institute
The nutrient content stating the second culture raw material is more uniformly distributed, and can shorten the planting cost of mushroom, and improve the adaptation of mushroom plantation
Property, ensure that the quality of mushroom on the basis of reduces cost will not decline, the big mushroom of handle enabling to mushroom is fertile, can make
Obtain mushroom early stage mycelia luxuriant, cell division activity is high, the planarization enabling to mushroom is good, is easy to harvesting and the pipe in later stage
Reason, the growth cycle enabling to mushroom shortens.
And for example, described second culture raw material includes each component of following mass parts：32.5 parts of bamboo scraps, 58 parts of straw, wheat bran
29 parts, 12.9 parts of gypsum, 13.8 parts of rapeseed slag, 0.34 part of leucine, 0.76 part of isoleucine, 0.33 part of L-arginine,
6.5 parts of the Radix Astragali, 6.2 parts of brown sugar and 131 parts of water, by adding the described second culture raw material containing as above mass parts, Neng Goujin
The nutrient content making to one step described second culture raw material is more uniformly distributed, and can shorten the planting cost of mushroom, and improve mushroom
The adaptability of plantation, ensure that the quality of mushroom on the basis of reduces cost will not decline, the handle enabling to mushroom is big
Mushroom is fertile, enables to that mushroom early stage mycelia is luxuriant, and cell division activity is high, and the planarization enabling to mushroom is good, is easy to the later stage
Harvesting and management, enable to mushroom growth cycle shorten.
In order to improve the nutrition in mushroom so that the handle of mushroom is more plump, for example, described 3rd culture raw material include as
Lower component：Wood chip, potato, straw, isoleucine, valine, L-arginine, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, cordate houttuynia, brown sugar and
Water.
By adding wood chip, straw, raw material is easy to get and with low cost, when straw and wood chip are used together culture mushroom,
The quality of mushroom is more preferable.By adding potato so that the early stage mycelia of mushroom grows faster, and the mushroom stems plucked afterwards are satisfied
Full homogeneous, nutrition is higher.By adding L-arginine, it is luxuriant to enable to mushroom early stage mycelia, and cell division activity is high, raw
Long speed is accelerated, and when compounding with wood chip, potato, straw, isoleucine, valine, L-arginine, mushroom smooth
Degree is preferable, and the freshness date after maturation is longer, not perishable, facilitates follow-up unified harvesting and manages.And pass through to add fish raw meat
Grass, reduce further the necrosis rate of mushroom.
By adding the described 3rd culture raw material containing said components, raw material be easy to get and with low cost so that mushroom
Mycelia grows faster early stage, and the mushroom stems plucked afterwards are full homogeneous, and nutrition is higher, enables to mushroom early stage mycelia cyclopentadienyl
Contain, cell division activity is high, the speed of growth is accelerated, the flatness of mushroom is preferable, and the freshness date after maturation is longer, not perishable
Rotten, facilitate follow-up unified harvesting and manage, reduce the necrosis rate of mushroom, shorten the growth cycle of mushroom.
In order that described 3rd culture raw material nutrient content more equalize, for example, described 3rd culture raw material include as
Each component of lower mass parts：35 parts～45 parts of wood chip, 15 parts～23 parts of potato, 50 parts～62 parts of straw, 0.4 part of isoleucine
～0.7 part, 0.22 part～0.54 part of valine, 0.41 part～0.62 part of L-arginine, 0.5 part～0.8 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate,
2 parts～5 parts of cordate houttuynia, 7 parts～11 parts of brown sugar and 145 parts～155 parts of water, by adding the described 3rd containing above-mentioned mass parts
Culture raw material, can make the nutrient content of described 3rd culture raw material more equalize, and raw material be easy to get and with low cost so that fragrant
The early stage mycelia of mushroom grows faster, and the mushroom stems plucked afterwards are full homogeneous, and nutrition is higher, enables to mushroom early stage mycelia
Luxuriant, cell division activity is high, and the speed of growth is accelerated, and the flatness of mushroom is preferable, and the freshness date after maturation is longer, not perishable
Rotten, facilitate follow-up unified harvesting and manage, reduce the necrosis rate of mushroom, shorten the growth cycle of mushroom.
And for example, described 3rd culture raw material includes each component of following mass parts：39 parts～41 parts of wood chip, 18 parts of potato
～20 parts, 54 parts～57 parts of straw, 0.45 part～0.49 part of isoleucine, 0.26 part～0.28 part of valine, L-arginine
0.44 part～0.47 part, 0.62 part～0.68 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 4.4 parts～4.6 parts of cordate houttuynia, 8.4 parts～8.6 parts of brown sugar and
149 parts～151 parts of water, by adding the described 3rd culture raw material containing above-mentioned mass parts, can further make described the
Three culture raw materials nutrient contents more equalize, and raw material be easy to get and with low cost so that the early stage mycelia of mushroom grows faster,
And the mushroom stems plucked are full homogeneous afterwards, nutrition is higher, enables to that mushroom early stage mycelia is luxuriant, and cell division activity is high,
The speed of growth is accelerated, and the flatness of mushroom is preferable, and the freshness date after maturation is longer, not perishable, facilitates follow-up unification to adopt
Pluck and manage, reduce the necrosis rate of mushroom, shorten the growth cycle of mushroom.
And for example, described 3rd culture raw material includes each component of following mass parts：40 parts of wood chip, 19 parts of potato, straw
56 parts, 0.47 part of isoleucine, 0.27 part of valine, 0.45 part of L-arginine, 0.66 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, cordate houttuynia 4.5
Part, 8.5 parts of brown sugar and 150 parts of water, by adding the described 3rd culture raw material containing above-mentioned mass parts, can further make
The nutrient content of described 3rd culture raw material more equalizes, and raw material be easy to get and with low cost so that the early stage mycelia length of mushroom
Faster, and the mushroom stems plucked afterwards are full homogeneous, and nutrition is higher, and it is luxuriant to enable to mushroom early stage mycelia, cell division
Activity is high, and the speed of growth is accelerated, and the flatness of mushroom is preferable, and the freshness date after maturation is longer, not perishable, facilitates follow-up
Unified harvesting and management, reduce the necrosis rate of mushroom, shorten the growth cycle of mushroom.
Certainly, in order to improve the described culture universality of raw material and comprehensive, for example, entered using described compound criteria raw material
The follow-up foodstuff preparation manipulation of row, for example, it is former that described compound composting material includes described first culture raw material, described second culture
Material and the 3rd culture raw material, in described compound criteria raw material, described first culture raw material, described second culture raw material and the 3rd
Culture material quality ratio is for 1:(0.23～0.54)：(1.41～2.26).
S112：Crushing operation is carried out to described culture raw material.
By crushing operation is carried out to described culture raw material, it is more beneficial for follow-up mixing and bagging operations.
For example, crushing operation is carried out to described culture raw material using pulverizer.
S113：Described culture raw material is carried out sealing stewing operation.
By carrying out sealing stewing operation to culture raw material, each component in described culture raw material can be made mixedly more equal
Even, beneficial to follow-up plantation or cultivation operation.
For example, the stewing operation of described envelope specifically includes following steps：Adjust water content and the pH value of described culture raw material, and make
The water content of described culture raw material is 60%～70%, and specifically, the water content making described culture raw material is 65%, makes described training
The pH of foster raw material is 6.5～7.2, and specifically, the pH making described culture raw material is 6.8, slant acidity, then, will be former for described culture
Material loads in hermetic bag, and at a temperature of 90 DEG C～100 DEG C, specifically, at a temperature of 95 DEG C, it is little that envelope boils in a covered pot over a slow fire 10 hours～12
When, specific envelope is boiled in a covered pot over a slow fire 11.5 hours, so, can all obtain quality and preferably cultivate raw material, can shorten the growth cycle of mushroom
With the raising neat degree of fruiting.
S114：Described culture raw material is put into extruder, and carries out extrusion operation, obtain the culture grain of strip.
By described culture raw material is put into extruder, and carry out extrusion operation, the culture grain of strip can be obtained, thus
Preferably the culture grain of strip can be incorporated into the implantation hole of rotten wood, in such manner, it is possible to using the remaining nutrition in discarded rotten wood,
Meanwhile, the culture grain of strip is incorporated into the plantation in the hole of discarded rotten wood additionally it is possible to avoid because discarding that rotten wood is malnourished asks
Topic is it is achieved that twice laid.Additionally, discarded rotten wood need not extra again can also be carried out to culture raw material as plantation support again
Bagging operations, beneficial to follow-up harvesting and management.
S115：Collect discarded rotten wood, punch operation is carried out on discarded rotten wood, form implantation hole.
For example, described discarded rotten wood includes construction waste rotten wood and/or rotten wood etc. is discarded in forest land, by collecting discarded rotten wood
To make culture medium, waste effect again can be played, more environmentally-friendly, and the culture grain of strip is incorporated into discarded rotten wood
Plantation in the hole is additionally it is possible to avoid because discarding the malnourished problem of rotten wood.
S116：Culture grain is inserted described plantation in the hole, forms described culture medium.
Insert described plantation in the hole by cultivating grain, and form described culture medium, that is, described culture medium includes discarded rotten wood
With the culture grain of described strip, waste effect again can be played, more environmentally-friendly, and the culture grain of strip is incorporated into discarded
The plantation in the hole of rotten wood is additionally it is possible to avoid because discarding the malnourished problem of rotten wood.
It should be noted that implanting after the culture grain of strip mushroom strain, the culture grain of strip can be quickly and timely
There is provided mushroom strain growth required nutrition, afterwards, using discarded rotten wood slow corruption additionally it is possible to continuously give mushroom
Bacterial classification provides follow-up nutrition it is ensured that described mushroom strain is in whole growth cycle, has its growth of enough nutrition supplyings,
The growth cycle of mushroom can be shortened and improve the neat degree of fruiting.
For example, a diameter of 3.5cm～5.5cm of described implantation hole；And for example, a diameter of 4.5cm of described implantation hole～
5.1cm；And for example, a diameter of 4.9cm of described implantation hole；And for example, the depth of described implantation hole is 2.1cm～3.3cm；And for example,
The depth of described implantation hole is 2.3cm～3.1cm；And for example, the depth of described implantation hole is 2.9.
It should be noted that adopting aforesaid way, not only overcome segment wood cultivated in, section wood rotten excessively slow, mushroom growth
The problem of cycle length, also overcomes in substituting stuff cultivation, the too fast problem of nutrient consumption.
S117：Spray after water smoke to described culture medium, stood.
By spraying water smoke to described culture medium and being stood, the material in the culture grain of strip can be made with current
Enter in discarded rotten wood, and loose property is had based on discarded rotten wood, the effective nutriment infiltration in the culture grain of strip
Effect is more preferable.
Material in the described culture grain to strip by way of spraying water smoke is dissolved and/or is carried so as to enter
Enter to described discarded rotten wood, it can be avoided that the asking of the effective nutriment take away the described culture grain of strip because current are too fast in
Topic, that is, the effective nutriment being able to ensure that in the described culture grain of strip is stayed in discarded rotten wood.
S118：Sterilization processing is carried out to described culture medium.
In order to reduce the miscellaneous bacteria in described culture medium, by the sterilizing to described culture medium, to reach the described culture of removing
Harmful bacteria in base and the purpose of miscellaneous bacteria.
For example, described disinfecting action operates for moist heat sterilization, and and for example, the condition of described moist heat sterilization operation is to take the photograph 115
Described moist heat sterilization operation is executed, the time of described moist heat sterilization operation is 28 minutes～32 minutes under family name degree～118 degree Celsius,
The miscellaneous bacteria in described culture medium can preferably be reduced, and nutrition keeps preferably so that the growth of mushroom is more smooth.Need
Bright, the temperature of described moist heat sterilization operation can not be too high, such as more than 120 degrees Celsius, can reduce in described culture medium
Nutrition, the neat growth to mushroom is unfavorable.
And for example, the condition of described moist heat sterilization operation is to execute described moist heat sterilization under 116 degrees Celsius～117 degrees Celsius
Operation, the time of described moist heat sterilization operation is 29 minutes～30 minutes, can further reduce miscellaneous in described culture medium
Bacterium, and nutrition holding is preferably so that the growth of mushroom is more smooth.
And for example, the condition of described moist heat sterilization operation is to execute described moist heat sterilization operation under 116.5 degrees Celsius, described
The execution time of moist heat sterilization operation is 29.5 minutes, can further reduce the miscellaneous bacteria in described culture medium, and nutrition is protected
Hold preferably so that the growth of mushroom is more smooth.
The preparation method of above-mentioned culture medium is as follows：Collect culture raw material；Described culture raw material is pulverized
Operation；Described culture raw material is carried out sealing stewing operation；Described culture raw material is put into extruder, and carries out extrusion operation, obtain
The culture grain of strip；Collect discarded rotten wood, punch operation is carried out on discarded rotten wood, form implantation hole；Culture grain is inserted institute
State plantation in the hole, form described culture medium；Spray after water smoke to described culture medium, stood；Described culture medium is killed
Bacterium is processed, and when carrying out mushroom plantation using above-mentioned culture medium, can shorten the mushroom growth cycle and improve the neat degree of fruiting.
S120：Activation process is carried out to mushroom strain.
By activation process is carried out to mushroom strain, be conducive to the mushroom reduction follow-up laundering period, mushroom can be shortened
Growth cycle and the raising neat degree of fruiting.
For example, described mushroom strain is Shen perfume (or spice) 16 (Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai City), so that mushroom is contracted
Subtract the follow-up laundering period, and easy management.In order to improve the activity of mushroom strain, shorten the growth cycle of whole mushroom,
For example, activation process is carried out to mushroom strain using mushroom activating solution, and for example, described mushroom activating solution contains following component：Bran
Pi Fen, maltose, MgSO4、K2HPO4, lysine, left-handed citrulling, isoleucine, valine and water, by add wheatfeed,
Maltose, MgSO4、K2HPO4, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide abundant nutrition so that the activation of mushroom is fabulous, and wheatfeed, maltose,
MgSO4、K2HPO4On the basis of, the activity increase of mushroom strain by adding lysine, left-handed citrulling, can be made, before shortening
Laundering period of phase, and make mycelia more smooth, and pass through to add isoleucine, valine, with lysine, left-handed citrulling
When compounding, the division performance enabling to mushroom increases, and shortens the time of early stage bacterial classification propagation.By the institute containing said components
State mushroom activating solution, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide abundant nutrition is so that the activation of mushroom is fabulous, and can make the activity increasing of mushroom strain
Plus, shorten the laundering period of early stage, and make mycelia more smooth, the division performance enabling to mushroom increases, and shortens early stage bacterium
Plant the time of propagation.
And for example, described mushroom activating solution includes each component of following mass parts：70 parts～85 parts of wheatfeed, maltose 1.5
Part～4.2 parts, MgSO40.2 part～0.25 part, KH2PO40.14 part～0.22 part, 0.4 part～0.57 part of lysine, left-handed melon ammonia
0.29 part～0.38 part of acid, 0.26 part～0.55 part of isoleucine, 0.41 part～0.49 part of valine and 400 parts～450 parts of water.
By adding the described mushroom activating solution containing above-mentioned mass parts, so that nutrition is more equalized, and can provide
Abundant nutrition is so that the activation of mushroom is fabulous, and the activity of mushroom strain can be made to increase, and shortens the laundering period of early stage, and
Make mycelia more smooth, the division performance enabling to mushroom increases, and shortens the time of early stage bacterial classification propagation.
And for example, described mushroom activating solution includes each component of following mass parts：80 parts～83 parts of wheatfeed, maltose 2.6
Part～3 parts, MgSO40.22 part～0.24 part, KH2PO40.18 part～0.2 part, 0.47 part～0.49 part of lysine, left-handed melon ammonia
0.32 part～0.35 part of acid, 0.36 part～0.39 part of isoleucine, 0.44 part～0.46 part of valine and 430 parts～440 parts of water.
By adding the described mushroom activating solution containing above-mentioned mass parts, so that nutrition is more equalized, and can provide
Abundant nutrition is so that the activation of mushroom is fabulous, and the activity of mushroom strain can be made to increase, and shortens the laundering period of early stage, and
Make mycelia more smooth, the division performance enabling to mushroom increases, and shortens the time of early stage bacterial classification propagation.
And for example, described mushroom activating solution includes each component of following mass parts：82 parts of wheatfeed, 2.8 parts of maltose,
MgSO40.23 part, KH2PO40.19 part, 0.48 part of lysine, 0.34 part of left-handed citrulling, 0.37 part of isoleucine, valine
0.45 part and 436 parts of water.By adding the described mushroom activating solution containing above-mentioned mass parts, can further make nutrition more
Equilibrium, and abundant nutrition can be provided so that the activation of mushroom is fabulous, and the activity increase of mushroom strain can be made, shorten
The laundering period of early stage, and make mycelia more smooth, the division performance enabling to mushroom increases, and shortens early stage bacterial classification propagation
Time.
For example, described mushroom activating solution is added to described mushroom strain by the way of spray.
S130：Mushroom strain is seeded in described culture medium, and carries out primary culture operation, wherein, described primary training
Support the condition of operation：Temperature is 21 DEG C～22 DEG C, and humidity is 62%RH～65%RH, and intensity of illumination is 6lux～8lux, CO2Dense
Spend for 4500ppm～5000ppm.
For example, mushroom strain is seeded in the culture grain of strip so as to carry out adaptability growth in culture grain, when it
After growth a period of time, be can extend into described discarded rotten wood using the root system of dense growth, draw described discarded further
Nutriment in rotten wood.
The condition of described primary culture operation：Temperature is 21 DEG C～22 DEG C, and humidity is 62%RH～65%RH, intensity of illumination
For 6lux～8lux, CO2Concentration is 4500ppm～5000ppm, enables to described mushroom strain and quickly adapts to described culture
Base, beneficial to the growth cycle shortening mushroom and the raising neat degree of fruiting.
S140：Mushroom strain is enlarged with culture operation, wherein, the condition of described Amplification Culture operation：Temperature is 22
DEG C～25 DEG C, humidity is 60%RH～67%RH, and intensity of illumination is 8lux～9lux, CO2Concentration be 5000ppm～
55000ppm.
After described mushroom strain growth a period of time, for example, when described mushroom strain carries out primary culture operation 10 days
After～25 days, more described mushroom strain is enlarged with culture operation.
For example, described Amplification Culture operation specifically includes following steps：Dig out the training of the strip containing mushroom strain inoculation
Foster grain, and it is classified as 5 parts～7 parts, and the culture grain of every part of strip containing mushroom strain inoculation is incorporated into new strip
Culture grain in, so, it is possible to guarantee that described mushroom strain obtains continuously nutrition supply, beneficial to shorten mushroom growth
Cycle and the raising neat degree of fruiting.
The condition of described Amplification Culture operation：Temperature is 22 DEG C～25 DEG C, and humidity is 60%RH～67%RH, intensity of illumination
For 8lux～9lux, CO2Concentration is 5000ppm～55000ppm, and the speed of growth enabling to described mushroom strain is accelerated, energy
Enough growth cycles shortening mushroom further.
S150：Spray mushroom to mushroom strain and urge mushroom liquid.
In order to further shorten the growth cycle of mushroom, and enable mushroom mushroom flower bud more smooth, for example, pass through
Add mushroom to urge mushroom liquid to carry out urging mushroom, can shorten the growth cycle of mushroom, and enable mushroom mushroom class more smooth, example
As described mushroom urges mushroom liquid to contain following component：Citric acid, alkanol, heteroauxin, L-arginine, thymidine and water, lead to
Cross addition citric acid, alkanol, heteroauxin, by, on the basis of citric acid, alkanol, heteroauxin, adding L-arginine
And thymidine, the growth enabling to mushroom is more smooth, goes out flower bud smooth.By adding the described mushroom containing said components
Urge mushroom liquid, that can accelerate mushroom goes out flower bud, the flower bud that emerges enabling to mushroom is more smooth, convenient management.
For example, described mushroom is urged mushroom liquid to add to described mushroom strain by the way of spray.
And for example, described mushroom urges mushroom liquid to include each component of following mass parts：0.05 part～0.09 part of citric acid, alkanol
0.1 part～0.14 part, 0.014 part～0.017 part of heteroauxin, 2.2 parts～2.9 parts of L-arginine, 0.44 part of thymidine
～0.59 part and 900 parts～1000 parts of water, urge mushroom liquid by adding the described mushroom containing above-mentioned mass parts, can accelerate mushroom
Go out flower bud, the flower bud that emerges enabling to mushroom is more smooth, convenient manages.
And for example, described mushroom urges mushroom liquid to include each component of following mass parts：0.07 part～0.08 part of citric acid, alkanol
0.12 part～0.13 part, 0.015 part～0.016 part of heteroauxin, 2.5 parts～2.7 parts of L-arginine, 0.48 part of thymidine
～0.51 part and 950 parts～960 parts of water, urge mushroom liquid by adding the described mushroom containing above-mentioned mass parts, can accelerate mushroom
Go out flower bud, the flower bud that emerges enabling to mushroom is more smooth, convenient manages.
And for example, described mushroom urges mushroom liquid to include each component of following mass parts：0.08 part of citric acid, 0.125 part of alkanol, Yin
0.015 part of indolylbutyric acid, 2.6 parts of L-arginine, 0.49 part of thymidine and 954 parts of water, contain above-mentioned mass parts by adding
Described mushroom urge mushroom liquid, that can accelerate mushroom goes out flower bud, and the flower bud that emerges enabling to mushroom is more smooth, convenient manages.
S160：Insect is carried out to mushroom strain and kills process.
It is appreciated that mushroom strain is in growth course, easily grow mite pest, easily grow bacterium lice, wherein bacterium
Lice is divided into flour mite and two kinds of Pu mite, and wherein, Pu mite body is little, is visually not readily apparent, and it is agglomerating how they concentrate on compost surface,
Additionally, flour mite body is larger, white shiny, not agglomerating, it is in powdery when amount is many.There is the Lenlinus edodes block of mite pest, mycelia is snapped
Mycelia can be eaten up when serious by food.
In order to preferably prevent and killing mite pest, for example, using mite pest insecticide, mushroom strain is done harm to
Worm kills process；And for example, using mite pest insecticide and carry out insect by the way of smoked kill and kill process；And for example, utilize
Mite pest insecticide and carry out insect and kill process by the way of spray；And for example, described mite pest insecticide include as
Each component of lower mass parts：1 part～1.5 parts of 25% decamethrin+ dimetheate and 2000 parts～2500 parts of water, so, it is possible preferably to enter
Row insect kills process.
Above-mentioned mushroom cultivating method is as follows：Prepare culture medium；Activation process is carried out to mushroom strain；By perfume (or spice)
Mushroom strains are seeded in described culture medium, and carry out primary culture operation, wherein, the condition of described primary culture operation：Temperature
For 21 DEG C～22 DEG C, humidity is 62%RH～65%RH, and intensity of illumination is 6lux～8lux, CO2Concentration be 4500ppm～
5000ppm；Mushroom strain is enlarged with culture operation, wherein, the condition of described Amplification Culture operation：Temperature is 22 DEG C～25
DEG C, humidity is 60%RH～67%RH, and intensity of illumination is 8lux～9lux, CO2Concentration is 5000ppm～55000ppm；Xiang Xiang
Mushroom strains spray mushroom and urge mushroom liquid；Insect is carried out to mushroom strain and kills process, the mushroom growth cycle can be shortened and improve
The neat degree of mushroom.
It should be noted that " part " of the respective embodiments described above include kilogram, gram, milligram, rise and the measurement unit such as milliliter,
And in each embodiment, the implication that described " part " represents is identical or different.
Embodiment described above only have expressed the several embodiments of the present invention, and its description is more concrete and detailed, but simultaneously
Therefore the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention can not be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some deformation can also be made and improve, these broadly fall into the guarantor of the present invention
Shield scope.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be defined by claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of mushroom cultivating method is it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
Prepare culture medium；
Mushroom strain is seeded in described culture medium, and carries out primary culture operation, wherein, the bar of described primary culture operation
Part：Temperature is 21 DEG C～22 DEG C, and humidity is 62%RH～65%RH, and intensity of illumination is 6lux～8lux, CO2Concentration is
4500ppm～5000ppm；
Mushroom strain is enlarged with culture operation, wherein, the condition of described Amplification Culture operation：Temperature is 22 DEG C～25 DEG C,
Humidity is 60%RH～67%RH, and intensity of illumination is 8lux～9lux, CO2Concentration is 5000ppm～55000ppm；
Spray mushroom to mushroom strain and urge mushroom liquid.
2. mushroom cultivating method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that urge mushroom liquid using spray by described mushroom
Mode adds to described mushroom strain.
3. mushroom cultivating method according to claim 2 it is characterised in that described mushroom urge mushroom liquid include citric acid and
Water.
4. mushroom cultivating method according to claim 3 it is characterised in that described mushroom to urge mushroom liquid also to include thymus gland phonetic
Pyridine.
5. mushroom cultivating method according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that described mushroom urges mushroom liquid also to include alkanol.
6. mushroom cultivating method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described mushroom urges mushroom liquid also to include indoles second
Acid.
7. mushroom cultivating method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described mushroom urges mushroom liquid also to include left-handed essence
Propylhomoserin.
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