CN106381732A - 一种三向织物的喷墨印花工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种三向织物的喷墨印花工艺，采用低温等离子体改性前处理→水洗前处理→喷印→蒸化固色→后整理→水洗烘干的工艺流程，在上浆前处理前首先进行了低温等离子体改性前处理，对棉麻纤维进行改性处理，再进行了水洗前处理以及预缩工艺处理，一方面改善三向织物染色上色难的缺点，另一方面有效避免喷墨印花工艺中因三向织物的缩水或其纹理特点造成的印花出现参差现象的发生，此外采用特制的喷墨印花颜料墨水进行喷印，水洗工艺采用温水水洗+热风烘干，刺激颜料的化学耐受性，增强其耐水洗性能和吸着率；本发明具有印花流畅、色彩鲜艳、上色深度适宜、不易褪色，工艺简单等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及织物的加工方法，尤其涉及一种三向织物的喷墨印花工艺。
背景技术
纺织品数码喷墨印花技术是近年来发展迅速的一种全新的印花方式。其快速、灵活、精细、清洁等特点，适应了当今纺织品市场个性化、小批量、多品种、高精度以及绿色环保的需求，具有广阔的发展前景。在喷墨印花中，染料墨水由于其极佳的水溶性，相对较低的成本，优良的耐洗和耐摩擦牢度以及很好的色彩表现力，是最常用的墨水之一。
三向织物是由相互相交角度为60°的三系统纱线织成的织物，它具有较好的结构稳定性和各向相同的力学性质，在航空(如飞机翼布、气球外罩)、医疗绷带、塑料增强用织物等方面具有特殊的用途。但也正是由于三向织物其结构上的特殊性，由三系统纱线交错而成，三种角度的纱线导致了对织物的数码喷墨印花存在了一定的困难，具有印花不均，容易产生印位相错的现象的问题。
因此，需要一种新的技术方案来解决上述问题。
发明内容
发明目的：为了解决现有技术所存在的问题，本发明提供了一种印花效果流畅，无异位错位现象、上色深度适宜、色牢度好、美观大方的三向织物的喷墨印花工艺。
技术方案：为达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：一种三向织物的喷墨印花工艺，包括以下步骤：
(1)低温等离子体改性前处理：将三向织物先置于冰箱0-4℃低温放置20-30min后取出，以辉光次大气低温等离子体表面处理设备为操作平台，以O2/N2混合气氛作为改性处理气氛进行低温等离子改性前处理；
(2)水洗前处理：将经过低温等离子改性前处理的棉麻织物装袋投入水洗机进行水洗，加入2-4g/L的织物整理剂以及质量分数为6-9g/L的表面活性剂，温度为45-55℃、浴比为1:20-1:25，水洗时间为35-45min；水洗后的三向织物在95-115℃下烘干后进行预缩工艺，然后加入3-6g/L的上浆整理剂进行上浆处理；
(3)喷印：配制喷墨印花颜料墨水，所述喷墨印花颜料墨水的配制按照以下配方以重量计进行配制：分散染料5％-15％、阳离子染料8-20％、纳米材料5-8％、荧光增白剂4-6％、甲壳质5-9％、聚丙烯酸多元酯类4-6％、织物粘合剂6-9％、合成增稠剂1-4％、分散剂2-4％、抗皱整理剂1-2％、生物酶0.5-0.8％、填料1-4％、pH调节剂0.2-3％、余量的水；使用上述颜料墨水采用喷墨印花装置对三向织物进行喷印；
(4)蒸化固色：采用快速蒸化机，温度为130-140℃，蒸化固色时间为4-8min；
(5)后整理：采用高温热定型工艺进行后整理；
(6)水洗烘干：将经过后整理的三向织物采用温水洗涤后热风烘干，所述水洗使用的温水的温度为45-55℃，洗涤时间为12-20min，洗涤2-3次后70-75℃热风烘干。
更进一步的，步骤(1)中低温等离子体表面处理设备工作温度为-5-5℃。
更进一步的，步骤(2)中所述织物整理剂为水性聚氨酯化合物。
更进一步的，步骤(2)中所述表面活性剂为非离子型表面活性剂。
更进一步的，步骤(2)中所述上浆整理剂为水溶性聚酯浆料。
更进一步的，步骤(3)中所述阳离子染料为活性阳离子染料。
更进一步的，步骤(3)中所述荧光增白剂为VBL。
更进一步的，步骤(3)中所述合成增稠剂为碱溶性增稠剂。
更进一步的，步骤(3)中所述填料为钛白粉。
更进一步的，步骤(3)中所述抗皱整理剂为带有环氧基基团或巯基基团的有机硅化合物。
有益效果：本发明所提供的一种三向织物的喷墨印花工艺，采用低温等离子体改性前处理→水洗前处理→喷印→蒸化固色→后整理→水洗烘干的工艺流程，在上浆前处理前首先进行了低温等离子体改性前处理，对棉麻纤维进行改性处理，再进行了水洗前处理以及预缩工艺处理，一方面改善三向织物染色上色难的缺点，另一方面有效避免喷墨印花工艺中因三向织物的缩水或其纹理特点造成的印花出现参差现象的发生，此外采用特制的喷墨印花颜料墨水进行喷印，水洗工艺采用温水水洗+热风烘干，刺激颜料的化学耐受性，增强其耐水洗性能和吸着率；本发明具有印花流畅、色彩鲜艳、上色深度适宜、不易褪色，工艺简单等优点。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步说明：
实施例1：
一种三向织物的喷墨印花工艺，包括以下步骤：
(1)低温等离子体改性前处理：将三向织物先置于冰箱0-4℃低温放置20min后取出，以辉光次大气低温等离子体表面处理设备为操作平台，以O2/N2混合气氛作为改性处理气氛进行低温等离子改性前处理；低温等离子体表面处理设备工作温度为-5-5℃；
(2)水洗前处理：将经过低温等离子改性前处理的棉麻织物装袋投入水洗机进行水洗，加入2g/L的织物整理剂以及质量分数为6g/L的表面活性剂，温度为45℃、浴比为1:20，水洗时间为35min；水洗后的三向织物在95℃下烘干后进行预缩工艺，然后加入3g/L的上浆整理剂进行上浆处理；
(3)喷印：配制喷墨印花颜料墨水，所述喷墨印花颜料墨水的配制按照以下配方以重量计进行配制：分散染料5％、阳离子染料8％、纳米材料5％、荧光增白剂4％、甲壳质5％、聚丙烯酸多元酯类4％、织物粘合剂6％、合成增稠剂1％、分散剂2％、抗皱整理剂1％、生物酶0.5％、填料1％、pH调节剂0.2％、余量的水；使用上述颜料墨水采用喷墨印花装置对三向织物进行喷印；
(4)蒸化固色：采用快速蒸化机，温度为130℃，蒸化固色时间为4min；
(5)后整理：采用高温热定型工艺进行后整理；
(6)水洗烘干：将经过后整理的三向织物采用温水洗涤后热风烘干，所述水洗使用的温水的温度为45℃，洗涤时间为12min，洗涤2次后70℃热风烘干。
其中，步骤(2)中所述织物整理剂为水性聚氨酯化合物，表面活性剂为非离子型表面活性剂，所述上浆整理剂为水溶性聚酯浆料，所述阳离子染料为活性阳离子染料，所述荧光增白剂为VBL，所述合成增稠剂为碱溶性增稠剂，所述填料为钛白粉，所述抗皱整理剂为带有环氧基基团的有机硅化合物。
实施例2：
一种三向织物的喷墨印花工艺，包括以下步骤：
(1)低温等离子体改性前处理：将三向织物先置于冰箱0-4℃低温放置30min后取出，以辉光次大气低温等离子体表面处理设备为操作平台，以O2/N2混合气氛作为改性处理气氛进行低温等离子改性前处理；低温等离子体表面处理设备工作温度为-5-5℃；
(2)水洗前处理：将经过低温等离子改性前处理的棉麻织物装袋投入水洗机进行水洗，加入4g/L的织物整理剂以及质量分数为9g/L的表面活性剂，温度为55℃、浴比为1:25，水洗时间为45min；水洗后的三向织物在115℃下烘干后进行预缩工艺，然后加入6g/L的上浆整理剂进行上浆处理；
(3)喷印：配制喷墨印花颜料墨水，所述喷墨印花颜料墨水的配制按照以下配方以重量计进行配制：分散染料15％、阳离子染料20％、纳米材料8％、荧光增白剂6％、甲壳质9％、聚丙烯酸多元酯类6％、织物粘合剂9％、合成增稠剂4％、分散剂4％、抗皱整理剂2％、生物酶0.8％、填料4％、pH调节剂3％、余量的水；使用上述颜料墨水采用喷墨印花装置对三向织物进行喷印；
(4)蒸化固色：采用快速蒸化机，温度为140℃，蒸化固色时间为8min；
(5)后整理：采用高温热定型工艺进行后整理；
(6)水洗烘干：将经过后整理的三向织物采用温水洗涤后热风烘干，所述水洗使用的温水的温度为55℃，洗涤时间为20min，洗涤3次后75℃热风烘干。
其中，步骤(2)中所述织物整理剂为水性聚氨酯化合物，表面活性剂为非离子型表面活性剂，所述上浆整理剂为水溶性聚酯浆料，所述阳离子染料为活性阳离子染料，所述荧光增白剂为VBL，所述合成增稠剂为碱溶性增稠剂，所述填料为钛白粉，所述抗皱整理剂为带有巯基基团的有机硅化合物。
实施例3：
一种三向织物的喷墨印花工艺，包括以下步骤：
(1)低温等离子体改性前处理：将三向织物先置于冰箱0-4℃低温放置25min后取出，以辉光次大气低温等离子体表面处理设备为操作平台，以O2/N2混合气氛作为改性处理气氛进行低温等离子改性前处理；低温等离子体表面处理设备工作温度为-5-5℃；
(2)水洗前处理：将经过低温等离子改性前处理的棉麻织物装袋投入水洗机进行水洗，加入3g/L的织物整理剂以及质量分数为7g/L的表面活性剂，温度为50℃、浴比为1:23，水洗时间为40min；水洗后的三向织物在105℃下烘干后进行预缩工艺，然后加入5g/L的上浆整理剂进行上浆处理；
(3)喷印：配制喷墨印花颜料墨水，所述喷墨印花颜料墨水的配制按照以下配方以重量计进行配制：分散染料10％、阳离子染料15％、纳米材料7％、荧光增白剂5％、甲壳质7％、聚丙烯酸多元酯类5％、织物粘合剂7％、合成增稠剂3％、分散剂3％、抗皱整理剂1.5％、生物酶0.6％、填料3％、pH调节剂1.6％、余量的水；使用上述颜料墨水采用喷墨印花装置对三向织物进行喷印；
(4)蒸化固色：采用快速蒸化机，温度为135℃，蒸化固色时间为6min；
(5)后整理：采用高温热定型工艺进行后整理；
(6)水洗烘干：将经过后整理的三向织物采用温水洗涤后热风烘干，所述水洗使用的温水的温度为50℃，洗涤时间为17min，洗涤2次后73℃热风烘干。
其中，步骤(2)中所述织物整理剂为水性聚氨酯化合物，表面活性剂为非离子型表面活性剂，所述上浆整理剂为水溶性聚酯浆料，所述阳离子染料为活性阳离子染料，所述荧光增白剂为VBL，所述合成增稠剂为碱溶性增稠剂，所述填料为钛白粉，所述抗皱整理剂为带有环氧基基团的有机硅化合物。
取上述完成喷墨印花得到的三向织物成品各20cm×20cm，采用ISO105C06：1994+Corl：2002的方法，25℃条件下，机洗自然晾干，测试耐水洗等级，测试结果如下表所示：
从上表数据可看出，采用实施例1-3所制成的喷墨印花三向织物，较现有技术相比，具有明显的耐水洗优势，且印花效果流畅，上色深度适宜、不易褪色，无异位错位现象、色牢度好。
应当指出，以上具体实施方式仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围，在阅读了本发明之后，本领域技术人员对本发明的各种等价形式的修改均落于本申请所附权利要求所限定的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种三向织物的喷墨印花工艺，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
(1)低温等离子体改性前处理：将三向织物先置于冰箱0-4℃低温放置20-30min后取出，以辉光次大气低温等离子体表面处理设备为操作平台，以O2/N2混合气氛作为改性处理气氛进行低温等离子改性前处理；
(2)水洗前处理：将经过低温等离子改性前处理的棉麻织物装袋投入水洗机进行水洗，加入2-4g/L的织物整理剂以及质量分数为6-9g/L的表面活性剂，温度为45-55℃、浴比为1:20-1:25，水洗时间为35-45min；水洗后的三向织物在95-115℃下烘干后进行预缩工艺，然后加入3-6g/L的上浆整理剂进行上浆处理；
(3)喷印：配制喷墨印花颜料墨水，所述喷墨印花颜料墨水的配制按照以下配方以重量计进行配制：分散染料5％-15％、阳离子染料8-20％、纳米材料5-8％、荧光增白剂4-6％、甲壳质5-9％、聚丙烯酸多元酯类4-6％、织物粘合剂6-9％、合成增稠剂1-4％、分散剂2-4％、抗皱整理剂1-2％、生物酶0.5-0.8％、填料1-4％、pH调节剂0.2-3％、余量的水；使用上述颜料墨水采用喷墨印花装置对三向织物进行喷印；
(4)蒸化固色：采用快速蒸化机，温度为130-140℃，蒸化固色时间为4-8min；
(5)后整理：采用高温热定型工艺进行后整理；
(6)水洗烘干：将经过后整理的三向织物采用温水洗涤后热风烘干，所述水洗使用的温水的温度为45-55℃，洗涤时间为12-20min，洗涤2-3次后70-75℃热风烘干。
2.根据权利要求1所述的三向织物的喷墨印花工艺，其特征在于：步骤(1)中低温等离子体表面处理设备工作温度为-5-5℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的三向织物的喷墨印花工艺，其特征在于：步骤(2)中所述织物整理剂为水性聚氨酯化合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的三向织物的喷墨印花工艺，其特征在于：步骤(2)中所述表面活性剂为非离子型表面活性剂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的三向织物的喷墨印花工艺，其特征在于：步骤(2)中所述上浆整理剂为水溶性聚酯浆料。
6.根据权利要求1所述的三向织物的喷墨印花工艺，其特征在于：步骤(3)中所述阳离子染料为活性阳离子染料。
7.根据权利要求1所述的三向织物的喷墨印花工艺，其特征在于：步骤(3)中所述荧光增白剂为VBL。
8.根据权利要求1所述的三向织物的喷墨印花工艺，其特征在于：步骤(3)中所述合成增稠剂为碱溶性增稠剂。
9.根据权利要求1所述的三向织物的喷墨印花工艺，其特征在于：步骤(3)中所述填料为钛白粉。
10.根据权利要求1所述的三向织物的喷墨印花工艺，其特征在于：步骤(3)中所述抗皱整理剂为带有环氧基基团或巯基基团的有机硅化合物。
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