CN106380243B - A kind of campanulaceae continuous cropping special fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of campanulaceae continuous cropping special fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN106380243B CN106380243B CN201610727140.8A CN201610727140A CN106380243B CN 106380243 B CN106380243 B CN 106380243B CN 201610727140 A CN201610727140 A CN 201610727140A CN 106380243 B CN106380243 B CN 106380243B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of campanulaceae continuous cropping special fertilizer, fertilizer is divided into base manure and top dressing two parts, is combined using control release urea with common urea in base manure, regulates and controls the supply of nitrogen in soil, accomplish that time of infertility nutrient supply matches with campanulaceae nutrient demand；Traditional 100% potassium sulfate is substituted using humic acid potassium and potassium sulfate and makees base manure, soil organic matter content is can increase, improves soil.And humic acid potassium has slow releasing function, reaches that available potassium is complementary with slowly available potassium with applying with potassium sulfate, improves the utilization efficiency of potassium；Microelement-supplementing copper, iron, manganese, calcium, zinc simultaneously, soil trace element is unbalance caused by adjusting because of continuous cropping, restores soil nutrient balance, is more suitable for campanulaceae continuous cropping plantation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Chinese medicine plant technical fields, are related to a kind of campanulaceae continuous cropping special fertilizer.
Background technique
Campanulaceae (plantycodon grandiflorum (Jcaq.) A.DC) is Campanulaceae herbaceos perennial, is me
The important multiduty economic plants such as edible, medicinal, ornamental of state, main product is in Shandong, Anhui, Inner Mongol, Jilin and other places.With vegetables
It compares, campanulaceae cultivation technique is simple, planting benefit is high.Because cultivated area limitation and economic interests drive, campanulaceae continuous cropping can not be kept away
Exempt from.The long potential difference of continuous cropping field campanulaceae, low output, quality decline.To improve campanulaceae yield and quality, medicinal herb grower increases applying quantity of chemical fertilizer,
But the effect is unsatisfactory, causes the insufficient illusion of rate of fertilizer so that continuing growing applying quantity of chemical fertilizer to medicinal herb grower.This not only increases
Add the financial burden of medicinal herb grower, and causes environmental pollution.
The campanulaceae place of production is more than 2 years fields using similar fertilising side with kind planting platycodon radix to the field of First Year kind planting platycodon radix
Formula, difference are that kind of planting platycodon radix is more than that 2 years field doses are higher than the field of First Year kind planting platycodon radix.Place of production habits fertilization
Fertilizer type be mainly N P and K (N:P2O5:K2O=15:15:15) compound fertilizer and common urea, base manure amount of application Zhan Quansheng
The 80% of phase dose is educated, top dressing is that it is compound to spread fertilizer over the fields N P and K before selection rain in late July to August part depending on weather condition
Fertilizer or common urea.This fertilization mode has the following problems:
1. base manure amount of application is more than the uptake of campanulaceae seedling-slowing stage, cause utilization rate of fertilizer low
Campanulaceae is transplanted with fleshy root, is the seedling-slowing stage after campanulaceae transplanting in 30-45 days after transplanting.During this period, one
Aspect is that campanulaceae adapts to new growing environment and generates the process of root hair and radicula, while the head rudiment of campanulaceae root forms the aerial stem of plant
Leaf portion point grows required nutrient and supplies mainly by campanulaceae fleshy root；Place of production habits fertilization mode base manure apply compound fertilizer and
Common urea is quick-acting fertilizer, and fertilizer releasing period nearly 30 days, nutrients release peak period was after applying in 10-15 days, so that base
Fertilizer nutrient release is uncoordinated with campanulaceae Nutrient Absorption, causes the nutrient discharged or is lost to underground deep layer soil or evaporates into sky
In gas, nutrientuse efficiency is low.
2. top dressing is also easy to produce burn seedlings phenomenon in a manner of spreading fertilizer over the fields
Firstly, spreading fertilizer over the fields uneven, often occur spreading on blade or at rootstock；Second, it rains after spreading fertilizer over the fields, fertilizer is molten rapidly
Solution causes local concentration excessively high, so that generating burn seedlings or bad root phenomenon；Third, if not raining after spreading fertilizer over the fields, fertilizer is exposed to native table,
Nutrients release, which evaporates into, causes air pollution in air.
3. there are notable differences to N. P. K absorption ratio for nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio and campanulaceae that fertilizer applies
The researchs such as Zhu Lixiang find that campanulaceae is 1:0.28:0.48 to the assimilation ratio of N P and K, and place of production habits fertilization
Nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is that 1:1:1 causes phosphorus, potassium to be concentrated in the soil.
4. ignoring the application of trace-element fertilizer
In campanulaceae growing area, continuous cropping field campanulaceae fertilization mode is identical as first time kind planting platycodon radix field.Because continuous cropping has been made
It is unbalance at campanulaceae field soil nutrient, such as 2-6 campanulaceae continuous cropping field and First Year kind planting platycodon radix field Analysis on Soil Nutrients are found,
The phenomenon that continuous cropping causes available nitrogen in soil, available phosphorus content to increase, and effectively potassium content declines.Soil trace element and first
Year plantation is apparent compared to appearance to be changed, and is such as increased with the continuous cropping time limit, soil magnesium, iron content are on a declining curve, and manganese content is presented
The trend of liter, continuous cropping 3-4 zinc in soil and calcium content are significantly higher than the soil of First Year kind planting platycodon radix, and the 2nd year, the 5th year significantly
Lower than the soil of First Year kind planting platycodon radix.Different continuous cropping time limit soil copper content variations are not significant.This is just needed according to continuous cropping field
Change of soil nutrient and campanulaceae apply fertilizer to the absorption characteristic of nutrient.
The research of existing campanulaceae dose and fertilizer practice is carried out for the field of routine First Year kind planting platycodon radix
Fertilising research.A kind of Fertilizer special for platycodon grandiflorum and fertilizing method (application No. is CN201210443322.4) are using conventional npk fertilizer
With trace-element fertilizer compounding application, fertilization mode is soil application, to increase campanulaceae yield.Invention fertilising is using twice
Fertilization mode, radix heap dosage only accounts for 20%, and top dressing nitrogen consumption accounts for 80%.The general 20-25cm of line-spacing of campanulaceae plantation, strain
Away from 5-8cm, campanulaceae growth period imposes 80% nitrogenous fertilizer, field operating difficulties, and top dressing depth is difficult to control.Fertilizer, which buries, shallowly then to be held
Volatile loss, fertilizer bury and then easily injure campanulaceae main root when trench digging imposes deeply, and a large amount of formation of lateral root is caused to reduce campanulaceae
Exterior quality；A kind of durable inorganic campanulaceae compound fertilizer special (application number CN201210443345.5) is using control release urea, general
The campanulaceae compound fertilizer special that logical urea and microelement, pig manure, stalk are made by mixing, the patent to the effect that fertilizer formula
And method for preparing fertilizer, it is not directed to the content in terms of dose and fertilizer practice, and dose and fertilizer practice are to determine campanulaceae
The key of yield and quality；It is a kind of using biological particles charcoal as the slow-release fertilizer dedicated and preparation method thereof (patent of the campanulaceae of matrix
Application No. is CN103011999A) patent to the effect for preparing platycodon root slow release fertilizer method using agricultural wastes, and this is specially
The application method of sharp fertilizer is Base-appling once, is not directed to the validity period of the slow release fertilizer.Campanulaceae breeding time be up to 6 months, i.e.,
180 days, which only used biologic grain carbon pressure system to form granular fertilizer, and the sustained release phase has uncertainty, it is entire to be unable to satisfy campanulaceae
Demand of the breeding time to nutrient.The patent authorized at present: Chinese medicine campanulaceae special-purpose control-release fertilizer and its preparation and application (patent Shen
Please number CN1022858446A), to the effect that the preparation and method of administration of the dedicated N P and K release and release control fertilizer of campanulaceae, are not directed to
Content of the campanulaceae to absorption of trace elements and trace-element fertilizer application aspect.Because of the selectivity that campanulaceae absorbs soil nutrient,
The changes of contents and its proportional imbalance of continuous cropping campanulaceae field soil trace element are one of the main reason for causing campanulaceae continuous cropping obstacle.
The patent, to the special-purpose control-release fertilizer of the Demand Design of N P and K, is unable to satisfy continuous cropping field campanulaceae to microelement according only to campanulaceae
Demand.
Patent in open or authorization stages in terms of campanulaceae applies fertilizer above, content are for non-continuous cropping field
Campanulaceae plantation has no the patent application that fertilising aspect is planted for continuous cropping field campanulaceae.Campanulaceae continuous cropping field soil nutrient content and its
There is very big difference in the soil nutrient and its ratio of ratio and non-campanulaceae continuous cropping field.Lack at present for the special of continuous cropping campanulaceae field
With the research in terms of fertilizer formula and application technique.
Summary of the invention
The present invention existing many shortcomings in terms of continuous cropping campanulaceae plants fertilising for the prior art, provide one kind
Campanulaceae continuous cropping special fertilizer and its method of administration.Fertilizer is divided into base manure and top dressing two parts, using control release urea and common in base manure
Urea combines, and regulates and controls the supply of nitrogen in soil, accomplishes that time of infertility nutrient supply matches with campanulaceae nutrient demand；Using
Humic acid potassium and potassium sulfate substitute traditional 100% potassium sulfate and make base manure, can increase soil organic matter content, improve soil.And
Humic acid potassium has slow releasing function, reaches that available potassium is complementary with slowly available potassium with applying with potassium sulfate, improves the utilization efficiency of potassium；Simultaneously
Microelement-supplementing copper, iron, manganese, calcium, zinc, soil trace element is unbalance caused by adjusting because of continuous cropping, restores soil nutrient balance, more
Add and is suitable for campanulaceae continuous cropping plantation.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of campanulaceae continuous cropping special fertilizer, including base manure and top dressing, wherein base manure dosage per acre are as follows:
Control release urea 20-25kg, common urea 4-6kg, calcium superphosphate 18-22kg, humic acid potassium 25-28kg, potassium sulfate
5-7kg, copper sulphate 20-25g, iron chloride 45-55g, calcium oxide 40-60g, zinc chloride 6-8g；
Top dressing dosage per acre are as follows: top dressing A: spraying aqueous solution 30kg, wherein potassium sulfate 0.1wt%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate
0.05wt%；Top dressing B: spraying aqueous solution 30kg, and wherein the rich biological organic liquid fertilizer content of sea God is 0.3vt%, chitosan
0.08wt%.
Preferred amount of application: dosage is control release urea 20kg, common urea 5kg, calcium superphosphate 19kg, corruption to base manure per acre
POTASSIUM PHYTATE 25kg, potassium sulfate 5kg, copper sulphate 25g, iron chloride 55g, calcium oxide 40g, zinc chloride 8g.
Present invention employs base manure directly to spread fertilizer over the fields, the mode of top dressing foliage-spray, using control release urea and commonly in base manure
Urea combines, and regulates and controls the supply of nitrogen in soil, accomplishes that time of infertility nutrient supply matches with campanulaceae nutrient demand；Using
Humic acid potassium and potassium sulfate substitute traditional 100% potassium sulfate and make base manure, can increase soil organic matter content, improve soil.And
Humic acid potassium has slow releasing function, reaches that available potassium is complementary with slowly available potassium with applying with potassium sulfate, improves the utilization efficiency of potassium；Simultaneously
Microelement-supplementing copper, iron, manganese, calcium, zinc, soil trace element is unbalance caused by adjusting because of continuous cropping, restores soil nutrient balance；
Campanulaceae can be improved to the absorption rate of nutrient using foliage spray when top dressing: late July campanulaceae enters fruiting period,
Part nutrient needed for campanulaceae fruit development is supplied by root at this time；Used in the present invention blade face with apply supplement npk fertilizer with
Slow down consumption of the fruit development to campanulaceae root nutrient, improves campanulaceae Root yield；Late August and September northern China enter dry
Autumn, Leaf of Platycodon Grandiflorum senesce, and spray organic liquid fertilizer and chitosan mixed liquor reaches the Leaf of Platycodon Grandiflorum vigor delay of raising and declines
Always, campanulaceae drought-resistant ability and disease resistance can be improved by spraying chitosan, promote the growth of campanulaceae.
The invention also discloses cooperate the application method of above-mentioned fertilizer as follows:
1. campanulaceae transplanting applies base manure
Before site preparation bedding, control release urea, common urea, calcium superphosphate, humic acid potassium, potassium sulfate in base manure are mixed equal
It is even, ground is spread fertilizer over the fields, is then ploughed deeply, bedding；Start kind of a planting platycodon radix after Clear and Bright in 10 days；According to line-spacing 25cm, ditch depth 20cm；It pours
Water, by spacing in the rows 5cm kind planting platycodon radix kind root after seeping under water；Later by the copper sulphate of prescription amount, iron chloride, calcium oxide and zinc chloride
It is uniformly mixed with fine earth, is sprinkled into earthing in ditch；
2. top dressing uses foliage spray mode, dressing fertilizer is carried out according to different times plant growing way and growth and development characteristics
Material: it is total to top dressing three times:
For the first time: late July: spraying A:30kg/ mus of top dressing；
Second: late August: spraying B:30kg/ mus of top dressing；
For the third time: late September: spraying B:30kg/ mus of top dressing.
Cooperate the campanulaceae implantation methods of above-mentioned fertilizing method as follows:
1. campanulaceae transplanting applies base manure
Before site preparation bedding, control release urea, common urea, calcium superphosphate, humic acid potassium, potassium sulfate in base manure are mixed equal
It is even, ground is spread fertilizer over the fields, is then ploughed deeply, bedding；Start kind of a planting platycodon radix after Clear and Bright in 10 days；According to line-spacing 25cm, ditch depth 20cm；It pours
Water, by spacing in the rows 5cm kind planting platycodon radix kind root after seeping under water；Later by the copper sulphate of prescription amount, iron chloride, calcium oxide and zinc chloride
It is uniformly mixed with fine earth, is sprinkled into earthing in ditch；
2. the field management in growth period
Campanulaceae field management is simple, mainly weeding；20 days or so are needed from emergence is transplanted to, campanulaceae seedling growth is slow
Slowly.Main field management work is weeding during this period, prevents farmland running to weeds；
3. top dressing uses foliage spray mode, dressing fertilizer is carried out according to different times plant growing way and growth and development characteristics
Material: it is total to top dressing three times:
For the first time: late July: spraying A:30kg/ mus of top dressing；
Second: late August: spraying B:30kg/ mus of top dressing；
For the third time: late September: spraying B:30kg/ mus of top dressing；
4. harvesting
Start mid-October to harvest campanulaceae: first cutting off aerial part, campanulaceae is then dug since one end of campanulaceae kind planting-line,
Root is dug, soil is cleaned, drains away the water；
5. processing
(1) it the medicinal processing of: takes advantage of and fresh strike off epidermis, sunning, stored after campanulaceae root is sufficiently dry；
(2) the edible processing of: take advantage of it is fresh strike off epidermis, chopping, sunning to water content 50% or so, further according to edible processing mesh
Further processing processing.
Using fertilizer and its method of administration disclosed above, inventor select in Taian Shandong and Boshan Shandong Province
Continuous cropping 4 years campanulaceae fields have carried out field trial, as a result, it has been found that:
Although fertilising input ratio place of production habits fertilization investment of the invention increases 173.06 yuan/mu, per mu yield but has
It is greatly improved, specific relatively data are as follows:
1 Different Fertilization campanulaceae Root yield of table compares (fresh weight)
And testing result is carried out to the campanulaceae quality of acquisition and is as follows:
Comparative analysis of the 2 Different Fertilization mode of table to campanulaceae quality
Note: difference is significant up to 5% when different letters represent variance analysis in same column, and it is not significant that same letter represents difference,
Alphabetical representative meaning is identical in following table.
It can be seen that technical solution of the present invention is in Taian Shandong kind planting platycodon radix soluble sugar and iron content and place of production habits fertilization
Mode difference is not significant, and copper content is substantially less than place of production habits fertilization mode, and total saponins of platycodon grandiflorum, crude protein, zinc and content of magnesium are aobvious
It writes and is higher than place of production habits fertilization mode；In Boshan Shandong Province kind planting platycodon radix soluble sugar, copper, iron content and place of production habits fertilization mode
Difference is not significant, and content of magnesium is substantially less than place of production traditional fertilization mode, and total saposins, crude protein, Zn content are significantly higher than the place of production
Habits fertilization mode.Total saposins are the campanulaceae principle active components with health role with therapeutic effect, and zinc is needed by human
Microelement is also the microelement mainly lacked in China's diet.Total saposins and Zn content increase are conducive to improve the guarantor of campanulaceae
Strong effect.
In conclusion technical solution provided by the present invention makes great progress compared with the prior art, it is that one kind is directed to
The dedicated fertilizer and method of administration of campanulaceae continuous cropping plantation, can greatly improve the yield and quality of campanulaceae, while can adjust because of continuous cropping
It causes soil trace element unbalance, restores soil nutrient balance.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below with reference to embodiment, can make those skilled in the art that this hair be more completely understood
It is bright, but do not limit the invention in any way.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of campanulaceae continuous cropping special fertilizer, base manure dosage per acre in formula are as follows:
Control release urea 20kg, common urea 5kg, calcium superphosphate 19kg, humic acid potassium 25kg, potassium sulfate 5kg, copper sulphate
25g, iron chloride 55g, calcium oxide 40g, zinc chloride 8g；
Dosage is top dressing A per acre for top dressing: spraying aqueous solution 30kg, wherein potassium sulfate 0.1wt%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate
0.05wt%；Top dressing B: spraying aqueous solution 30kg, and wherein the rich biological organic liquid fertilizer content of sea God is 0.3vt%, chitosan
0.08wt%；
It is as follows using the campanulaceae continuous cropping implantation methods of the fertilizer:
1. campanulaceae transplanting applies base manure
Before site preparation bedding, control release urea, common urea, calcium superphosphate, humic acid potassium, potassium sulfate in base manure are mixed equal
It is even, ground is spread fertilizer over the fields, is then ploughed deeply, bedding；Start kind of a planting platycodon radix after Clear and Bright in 10 days；According to line-spacing 25cm, ditch depth 20cm；It pours
Water, by spacing in the rows 5cm kind planting platycodon radix kind root after seeping under water；Later by the copper sulphate of prescription amount, iron chloride, calcium oxide and zinc chloride
It is uniformly mixed with fine earth, is sprinkled into earthing in ditch；
2. the field management in growth period
Campanulaceae field management is simple, mainly weeding, needs 20 days or so from emergence is transplanted to, campanulaceae seedling growth is slow
Slowly.Main field management work is weeding during this period, prevents farmland running to weeds；
3. top dressing uses foliage spray mode, dressing fertilizer is carried out according to different times plant growing way and growth and development characteristics
Material: it is total to top dressing three times:
For the first time: late July: spraying A:30kg/ mus of top dressing；
Second: late August: spraying B:30kg/ mus of top dressing；
For the third time: late September: spraying B:30kg/ mus of top dressing.
4. harvesting
Start mid-October to harvest campanulaceae: first cutting off aerial part, campanulaceae is then dug since one end of campanulaceae kind planting-line,
Root is dug, soil is cleaned, drains away the water.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of campanulaceae continuous cropping special fertilizer, base manure dosage per acre in formula are as follows:
Control release urea 25kg, common urea 6kg, calcium superphosphate 22kg, humic acid potassium 28kg, potassium sulfate 7kg, copper sulphate
25g, iron chloride 55g, calcium oxide 60g, zinc chloride 6g；
Dosage is top dressing A per acre for top dressing: spraying aqueous solution 30kg, wherein potassium sulfate 0.1wt%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate
0.05wt%；Top dressing B: spraying aqueous solution 30kg, and wherein the rich biological organic liquid fertilizer content of sea God is 0.3vt%, chitosan
0.08wt%；
It is as follows using the campanulaceae continuous cropping implantation methods of the fertilizer:
1. campanulaceae transplanting applies base manure
Before site preparation bedding, control release urea, common urea, calcium superphosphate, humic acid potassium, potassium sulfate in base manure are mixed equal
It is even, ground is spread fertilizer over the fields, is then ploughed deeply, bedding；Start kind of a planting platycodon radix after Clear and Bright in 10 days；According to line-spacing 25cm, ditch depth 20cm；It pours
Water, by spacing in the rows 5cm kind planting platycodon radix kind root after seeping under water；Later by the copper sulphate of prescription amount, iron chloride, calcium oxide and zinc chloride
It is uniformly mixed with fine earth, is sprinkled into earthing in ditch；
2. the field management in growth period
Campanulaceae field management is simple, mainly weeding；20 days or so are needed from emergence is transplanted to, campanulaceae seedling growth is slow
Slowly.Main field management work is weeding during this period, prevents farmland running to weeds；
3. top dressing uses foliage spray mode, dressing fertilizer is carried out according to different times plant growing way and growth and development characteristics
Material: it is total to top dressing three times:
For the first time: late July: spraying A:30kg/ mus of top dressing；
Second: late August: spraying B:30kg/ mus of top dressing；
For the third time: late September: spraying B:30kg/ mus of top dressing.
4. harvesting
Start mid-October to harvest campanulaceae: first cutting off aerial part, campanulaceae is then dug since one end of campanulaceae kind planting-line,
Root is dug, soil is cleaned, drains away the water.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of campanulaceae continuous cropping special fertilizer, base manure dosage per acre in formula are as follows:
Control release urea 22kg, common urea 4kg, calcium superphosphate 18kg, humic acid potassium 27kg, potassium sulfate 6kg, copper sulphate
20g, iron chloride 45g, calcium oxide 50g, zinc chloride 7g；
Dosage is top dressing A per acre for top dressing: spraying aqueous solution 30kg, wherein potassium sulfate 0.1wt%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate
0.05wt%；Top dressing B: spraying aqueous solution 30kg, and wherein the rich biological organic liquid fertilizer content of sea God is 0.3vt%, chitosan
0.08wt%；
It is as follows using the campanulaceae continuous cropping implantation methods of the fertilizer:
1. campanulaceae transplanting applies base manure
Before site preparation bedding, control release urea, common urea, calcium superphosphate, humic acid potassium, potassium sulfate in base manure are mixed equal
It is even, ground is spread fertilizer over the fields, is then ploughed deeply, bedding；Start kind of a planting platycodon radix after Clear and Bright in 10 days；According to line-spacing 25cm, ditch depth 20cm；It pours
Water, by spacing in the rows 5cm kind planting platycodon radix kind root after seeping under water；Later by the copper sulphate of prescription amount, iron chloride, calcium oxide and zinc chloride
It is uniformly mixed with fine earth, is sprinkled into earthing in ditch；
2. the field management in growth period
Campanulaceae field management is simple, mainly weeding；20 days or so are needed from emergence is transplanted to, campanulaceae seedling growth is slow
Slowly.Main field management work is weeding during this period, prevents farmland running to weeds；
3. top dressing uses foliage spray mode, dressing fertilizer is carried out according to different times plant growing way and growth and development characteristics
Material: it is total to top dressing three times:
For the first time: late July: spraying A:30kg/ mus of top dressing；
Second: late August: spraying B:30kg/ mus of top dressing；
For the third time: late September: spraying B:30kg/ mus of top dressing.
4. harvesting
Start mid-October to harvest campanulaceae: first cutting off aerial part, campanulaceae is then dug since one end of campanulaceae kind planting-line,
Root is dug, soil is cleaned, drains away the water.
Comparative example:
It is as follows that field experiment is carried out in Boshan Shandong Province and Taian Shandong:
1. experimental design
T1Place of production habits fertilization: base manure is common urea 20kg, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 30kg, calcium superphosphate 20kg, top dressing
Selection is uniformly mixed according to common urea 5kg, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 5kg every time in late July and mid-August using the mode of spreading fertilizer over the fields
It is spread fertilizer over the fields before rain；
T2For 25% fertilising of place of production conventional fertilizer application decrement；
R1Technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
R2The decrement of inventive formulation 1 25%, only late July sprays potassium sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor for top dressing；Experiment
As a result
From table 3 it can be seen that fertilization mode significantly affects the economical character of campanulaceae.Grow animated period place of production habits fertilization tangerine
The plant height and leaf area per plant of stalk are significantly higher than present invention fertilising (R1), fertilizer treatment campanulaceae stem thickness of the present invention is accustomed to greater than the place of production
It applies fertilizer but difference is not significant.This is quick-acting fertilizer with place of production habits fertilization, and nutrient releasing speed promotes campanulaceae growth and development fastly, and
Quick-acting urea are added based on release and release control fertilizer for fertilizer used in the present invention so that nutrients release is slowly related.With normal dose phase
Than 25% fertilizer treatment of decrement reduces the plant height, stem thickness and leaf area of campanulaceae, shows that dose influences campanulaceae growth and development.
Influence (growth animated period) of the 3 Different Fertilization mode of table to campanulaceae economical character
Say that bright ︰ growth animated period is campanulaceae nutrient growth most vigorous period before blooming June；Four kinds of Taian Shandong are used in table
Four kinds of fertilization mode, Boshan Shandong Province fertilization modes carry out variance analysis respectively.
2. the influence of pair chlorophyll content
Chlorophyll content is closely related with leaf photosynthesis, influences campanulaceae dry-matter accumulation.From table 4, it can be seen that whole
The campanulaceae chlorophyll content that Boshan Shandong Province is planted in a breeding time is above the campanulaceae of Taian Shandong plantation.Chlorophyll content is in life
Long animated period highest, is gradually reduced, fruiting period is minimum later.Florescence different fertilization chlorophyll content difference is not significant,
Growth animated period Taian Shandong, the campanulaceae place of production habits fertilization of Boshan Shandong Province plantation and place of production habits fertilization are reduced 25% two kind and apply
Fertilizer processing is all remarkably higher than present invention fertilising and present invention fertilising decrement 25%, and fruiting period is then in opposite variation tendency.This
Illustrate that present invention fertilising and its 25% fertilising of decrement are conducive to improve the photosynthesis of campanulaceae late growth stage, improves Root yield.
Influence (%) of 4 different fertilization of table to campanulaceae chlorophyll content
Shuo and carries out variance point respectively using four kinds of four kinds of fertilization modes of Taian Shandong, Boshan Shandong Province fertilization modes in Ming ︰ table
Analysis.
3. the influence of pair root activity
Table 5 shows that growth each fertilizer treatment of animated period is poor in the campanulaceae root activity that Boshan Shandong Province and Taian Shandong are planted
Different not significant, florescence is consistent with the campanulaceae root activity variation tendency that fruiting period different regions are planted, and the present invention applies fertilizer and this
The campanulaceae root activity of 25% fertilising of invention decrement is above 25% yield habits fertilization of place of production habits fertilization and decrement, Er Qiesui
Dose reduces campanulaceae root activity and declines therewith.The size of root activity shows campanulaceae root aging degree and absorbs the energy of nutrient
Power, campanulaceae late growth stage root activity can improve by force the absorbability to soil nutrient.This is the experimental results showed that in fruiting period sheet
The root activity of invention fertilizer treatment Boshan Shandong Province kind planting platycodon radix is higher than place of production habits fertilization 27.30%, and Taian Shandong is then high
25.88%.
Influence (mgg of 5 different fertilization of table to campanulaceae root activity-1·h-1)
Shuo and carries out variance point respectively using four kinds of four kinds of fertilization modes of Taian Shandong, Boshan Shandong Province fertilization modes in Ming ︰ table
Analysis.
4. the influence of pair dry-matter accumulation
Other processing are above using each organ dry matter accumulation of fertilization mode campanulaceae of the present invention and complete stool dry matter accumulation,
It is higher than place of production habits fertilization difference in Taian Shandong, Boshan Shandong Province fertilization mode campanulaceae root dry matter accumulation amount of the present invention
21.01%, 18.26%.The campanulaceae root dry matter accumulation amount of Taian Shandong plantation is lower than the campanulaceae of Boshan Shandong Province plantation, complete stool
Dry matter accumulation amount also shows as Taian Shandong lower than Boshan Shandong Province.It takes temperature from each organ dry matter accumulation, Taian Shandong stem
Dry-matter accumulation amount is higher than Boshan Shandong Province, and leaf portion is on the contrary.This is also mountain area with Boshan Shandong Province campanulaceae growing area, and Taian Shandong
Cause campanulaceae growing area miniclimate difference related for Plain.
Influence (g/ plant) of the 6 Different Fertilization mode of table to campanulaceae dry-matter accumulation
Shuo and carries out variance point respectively using four kinds of four kinds of fertilization modes of Taian Shandong, Boshan Shandong Province fertilization modes in Ming ︰ table
Analysis.
5. the influence of pair disease incidence
Fertilising influences the healthy growth of campanulaceae, and then influences its premunition.As can be seen from Table 7, fertilization mode of the present invention
And 25% fertilization mode campanulaceae root rot disease incidence of decrement is substantially less than place of production habits fertilization and the place of production habit of decrement 25% is applied
Fertile mode shows that fertilization mode of the present invention can promote campanulaceae to grow up strong and sturdy, and enhances premunition.
The influence of 7 Different Fertilization mode degree campanulaceae disease incidence of table
6. the influence of pair yield
Different Fertilization mode influences the appearance characteristics of campanulaceae root, and Root length growth can be promoted by reducing dose, practises with the place of production
Used fertilising is compared, and fertilization mode of the present invention increases campanulaceae root long, root thickness, improves campanulaceae yield.In Taian Shandong, present invention fertilising
Mode is than place of production habits fertilization volume increase 41.81%, and in Boshan Shandong Province, fertilization mode of the present invention increases production than place of production habits fertilization
52.37%, this applies fertilizer with the present invention reduces campanulaceae root disease incidence, promotes campanulaceae root growth closely related.
Influence of the 8 Different Fertilization mode of table to yield
Shuo and carries out variance point respectively using four kinds of four kinds of fertilization modes of Taian Shandong, Boshan Shandong Province fertilization modes in Ming ︰ table
Analysis.
7. the influence of pair quality
It is solvable using fertilization mode of the present invention and 25% fertilization mode campanulaceae of decrement in Taian Shandong and Boshan Shandong Province two places
Property sugared content and place of production habits fertilization campanulaceae soluble sugar content difference it is not significant, but be significantly higher than decrement 25% the place of production habit
Fertilising；And total saposins and crude protein are reduced 25% fertilization mode with it containing then present invention fertilising and are significantly higher than place of production habits fertilization；
In microelement, iron content difference is not significant in each fertilization mode；In Taian Shandong, fertilization mode campanulaceae zinc of the present invention, magnesium contain
Amount is significantly higher than other fertilization modes, and in Boshan Shandong Province, fertilization mode of the present invention and its 25% fertilising Zn content of decrement are significantly high
In place of production habits fertilization mode, and then place of production habits fertilization is significantly higher than fertilizer treatment of the present invention to content of magnesium；In Taian Shandong, originally
Invention fertilizer treatment is minimum with content, and then each fertilization mode is shown in that difference is not significant to Boshan Shandong Province.
Influence of the 9 Different Fertilization mode of table to campanulaceae quality
Shuo and carries out variance point respectively using four kinds of four kinds of fertilization modes of Taian Shandong, Boshan Shandong Province fertilization modes in Ming ︰ table
Analysis.
As it can be seen that technical solution provided by the present invention makes great progress compared with the prior art, it is a kind of for campanulaceae
The dedicated fertilizer and method of administration of continuous cropping plantation, can greatly improve the yield and quality of campanulaceae, while caused by capable of adjusting because of continuous cropping
Soil trace element is unbalance, restores soil nutrient balance.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of campanulaceae continuous cropping special fertilizer, it is characterised in that: including base manure and top dressing, wherein base manure is calculated according to dosage per acre,
It is grouped as by following group:
Control release urea 20kg, common urea 5kg, calcium superphosphate 19kg, humic acid potassium 25kg, potassium sulfate 5kg, copper sulphate 25g, chlorine
Change iron 55g, 40 g of calcium oxide, 8 g of zinc chloride；
Top dressing is calculated according to dosage per acre, is grouped as by following group: top dressing A: being sprayed aqueous solution 30kg, wherein potassium sulfate
0.1wt%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.05wt%；Top dressing B: spraying aqueous solution 30kg, and wherein the rich biological organic liquid fertilizer content of sea God is
0.3vt%, chitosan 0.08wt%.
2. the application method of campanulaceae continuous cropping special fertilizer described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: steps are as follows:
(1) campanulaceae transplanting, application base manure
Before site preparation bedding, control release urea, common urea, calcium superphosphate, humic acid potassium, potassium sulfate in base manure are uniformly mixed,
Ground is spread fertilizer over the fields, is then ploughed deeply, bedding；Start kind of a planting platycodon radix after Clear and Bright in 10 days；According to line-spacing 25cm, ditch depth 20cm；Watering,
By spacing in the rows 5cm kind planting platycodon radix kind root after seeping under water；Later by the copper sulphate of prescription amount, iron chloride, calcium oxide and zinc chloride with
Fine earth is uniformly mixed, and is sprinkled into earthing in ditch；
(2) top dressing uses foliage spray mode, carries out imposing fertilizer according to different times plant growing way and growth and development characteristics: altogether
Top dressing is three times:
For the first time: late July: spraying 30kg/ mus of top dressing A；
Second: late August: spraying 30kg/ mus of top dressing B；
For the third time: late September: spraying 30kg/ mus of top dressing B.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102924169A (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2013-02-13 | 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 | Compound fertilizer special for organic and inorganic long-acting platycodon grandiflorum |
| CN102924151A (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2013-02-13 | 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 | Fertilizer special for platycodon grandiflorum and fertilizing method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102924169A (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2013-02-13 | 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 | Compound fertilizer special for organic and inorganic long-acting platycodon grandiflorum |
| CN102924151A (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2013-02-13 | 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 | Fertilizer special for platycodon grandiflorum and fertilizing method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 国内首款酶解技术海藻生物肥"横空出世";王奕 等;《营销界(农资与市场)》;20141231(第24期);第72-75页 * |
| 控释肥料对桔梗生长的影响;祝丽香 等;《应用生态学报》;20100930;第21卷(第9期);第2304-2308页 * |
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