CN106337853A - 用于液压阀的筛网和液压阀 - Google Patents

用于液压阀的筛网和液压阀 Download PDF

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CN106337853A
CN106337853A CN201610536866.3A CN201610536866A CN106337853A CN 106337853 A CN106337853 A CN 106337853A CN 201610536866 A CN201610536866 A CN 201610536866A CN 106337853 A CN106337853 A CN 106337853A
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screen cloth
valve
screen
hydraulic valve
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CN106337853B (zh
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米歇尔·比尔克赫
托马斯·雅各布
于尔根·派勒
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Hilite Germany GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/0003—Arrangement or mounting of elements of the control apparatus, e.g. valve assemblies or snapfittings of valves; Arrangements of the control unit on or in the transmission gearbox
    • F16H61/0009—Hydraulic control units for transmission control, e.g. assembly of valve plates or valve units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
    • F15B13/0401—Valve members; Fluid interconnections therefor
    • F15B13/0402—Valve members; Fluid interconnections therefor for linearly sliding valves, e.g. spool valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/04—Special measures taken in connection with the properties of the fluid
    • F15B21/041—Removal or measurement of solid or liquid contamination, e.g. filtering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/28—Strainers not provided for elsewhere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
    • F16K11/065—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members
    • F16K11/07—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/04—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of sliding valves
    • F16K27/041—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of sliding valves cylindrical slide valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/04—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of sliding valves
    • F16K27/048—Electromagnetically actuated valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0603—Multiple-way valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0603—Multiple-way valves
    • F16K31/061—Sliding valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/10—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid with additional mechanism between armature and closure member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K51/00—Other details not peculiar to particular types of valves or cut-off apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
    • B01D2201/18—Filters characterised by the openings or pores
    • B01D2201/184—Special form, dimension of the openings, pores of the filtering elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34426—Oil control valves
    • F01L2001/3443—Solenoid driven oil control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34436—Features or method for avoiding malfunction due to foreign matters in oil
    • F01L2001/3444—Oil filters

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于液压阀(1)的筛网(100)，所述筛网包括具有筛网开口(102)的带板(101)，其中，所述筛网开口(102)形成蚀刻的功能轮廓，以及本发明涉及一种具有筛网(100)的液压阀。

Description

用于液压阀的筛网和液压阀
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于液压阀的筛网以及一种液压阀。
背景技术
为了确保液压阀例如在机电一体化的变速器控制装置中的功能，基本上必要的是，为了确保阀功能而使污染物远离阀。特别是，大的颗粒可能由于小的工作缝隙和运转间隙导致妨害阀功能或者由于堵塞导致停止运行。通过相应的在阀中集成的粗污物筛网可以目的明确地阻止大的颗粒。
在此，应用不同的筛网。主要是，在不同的实施方式中使用径向缠绕的夹式筛网或者带式筛网(Clip-oder Bandsiebe)，比如例如由文献DE 10 2007 050 447A1已知的夹式筛网构造有喷注的金属丝网(Drahtgewebe)。
特别是，喷注的金属丝网可能在体积流量较大时损坏，该体积流量以相应的速度或者在相应的压力下碰到金属丝网上。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于，提供一种筛网和具有这种的筛网的液压阀，所述筛网在液压系统中具有相对于压力波动和压力冲击的较高的稳固性。
上面提到的任务利用独立权利要求1的特征来解决。
按照本发明的、用于液压阀的筛网包括具有筛网开口的带板，其中，所述筛网开口形成蚀刻的功能轮廓。通过制造方法，蚀刻可以根据相应的液压阀的特定的功能需求有针对性地呈现和优化筛网开口的几何形状。经过蚀刻的筛网具有较高的稳固性。此外，可以简单地和可再现地以不同的板厚度设置可变的液压的功能轮廓。此外，功能几何形状可以通过计算方法和模拟方法以简单的方式相互协调。
筛网开口优选通过在一侧或者在两侧蚀刻带板构造而成的。特别是，在两侧的蚀刻提高了功能轮廓的变化性。
按照一种有利的实施方式，筛网开口构造为孔眼。孔眼功能在穿流筛网时能实现与温度无关的和有针对性的压力下降。
本发明的一种有利的实施方式规定，筛网开口在一侧或者在两侧构造为截球状的，其中，筛网开口的最小的直径形成孔眼直径。
在此，筛网开口优选可以在两侧构造为截球状的并且孔眼的轴向位置是可变的。
筛网开口进一步优选可以构造为污物屏障。这特别是通过如下方式实现，即截球体构造为大小不同的，从而孔眼不布置在带板的中间处。
如果筛网开口在两侧构造为截球体并且截球体的中轴线相互错开地设置，则除了孔眼作用之外，也可以获得有针对性的流动传导，例如用于避免阻塞压力、用于定向地流入其它组件的功能面等等的流动传导。
简单的和成本低廉的构造方案可以通过如下方式获得，即带板构造为带式筛网。在此，带板的端部可以优选设置为相互焊接的。
备选地，带板可以布置在支承框架中。支承框架在这种情况下可以用作夹子。
按照本发明的筛网应用在液压阀中，所述液压阀例如可以用作变速阀或者用作用于凸轮轴调节器的控制阀。
本发明的有利的构造方案和优点由其它权利要求、说明书和附图得出。
附图说明
其它优点由以下对附图的说明得出。在附图中示出了本发明的实施例。附图、说明书和权利要求书包含众多特征的组合。本领域技术人员也以符合目的的方式单独考虑这些特征并且将其组合成其它合理的组合。
附图示例性地示出：
图1是按照本发明的筛网的截取区段的纵剖面图；
图2是按照图1所示的截取区段的俯视图；
图3是按照本发明的筛网的第二实施例的截取区段的纵剖面图；
图4是按照图3所示的截取区段的俯视图；
图5是按照本发明的筛网的第三实施例的截取区段的纵剖面图；
图6是按照图5所示的截取区段的俯视图；
图7是按照本发明的筛网的第四实施例的截取区段的纵剖面图；
图8是按照图7所示的截取区段的俯视图；
图9是按照本发明的筛网的第五实施例的截取区段的纵剖面图；
图10是按照图9所示的截取区段的俯视图；
图11是按照本发明的、作为夹式筛网的筛网；以及
图12是具有按照本发明的筛网的液压阀。
具体实施方式
在附图中相同的或者相同类型的组件以相同的附图标记表示。这些附图仅示出一些实施例并且不能受限制地进行理解。
图12示出了按照本发明的、在以下详细描述的筛网100在液压阀1中的示例性的应用，该液压阀可以构造为机电一体化的变速控制装置的变速阀。
在图12中以纵剖面图示出了液压阀1例如在双离合变速器中的应用。为此，多个部分类似地构建的液压阀的液压部件2的阀套筒5嵌入到双离合变速器的控制板中。阀套筒5构造为车削件。变速阀1的与液压部件2相应地连接的电磁部件3从控制板突出来并且由液压流体冲刷。所述电磁部件3中的每个电磁部件具有可磁化的壳体4。
液压阀1包括具有可磁化的壳体4的电磁部件3，该壳体在外圆周50上和在至少一个第一端侧52上包围励磁线圈7，以及该电磁部件还具有布置在励磁线圈7内部的极管6，在该极管中衔铁10在衔铁室56中可轴向移动地设置。液压阀1进一步包括具有液压活塞16的液压部件2，该液压活塞可轴向移动地在阀套筒5中被引导并且借助于该液压活塞能将至少一个工作接头A可选地与供应接头P和油箱排出口T连接。衔铁10设置用于驱动液压活塞16。阀套筒5沿着纵轴线L布置在极管6的延长部中。励磁线圈7在线圈体8中嵌入地例如借助于压配合(Presssitz)容纳到壳体4中。备选地，励磁线圈7也可以利用线圈体8的塑料材料注塑包封。
如由图12可看出的那样，阀套筒5与极管6一件式地构成，从而液压阀1可以具有更少的构件并且能够简化装配过程。由于极管6和阀套筒5的同轴性，衔铁10的较大的插入深度也能够在结构上更简单地转移到电磁部件3的励磁线圈7中，由此，可以确保液压阀1的有利的和有效的运行。因此，改善了整个液压阀1的功能方式。
极管6和阀套筒5的同轴性的有利的构造方案进一步有利于减少对衔铁10的磁性的横向力，因为通过极管6和阀套筒5的一件式的实施方式更简单地实现衔铁运动沿励磁线圈7的轴线的尽可能精确的定向。
极管6为了有利地影响磁通量而具有例如V形的凹部9。
衔铁10可轴向移动地设置在极管6的形成衔铁室56的凹部11中并且具有中央的管道12，该管道构造成孔。中央的管道12利用凸肩在衔铁10的前端部上向更大的直径的凹部13扩展，该凹部同样构造成孔。防粘着片14嵌入到更大的凹部13中，防粘着片具有一个或者多个偏心于纵轴线L设置的小的节流孔板开口15，所述节流孔板开口将衔铁室与中央的管道12连接。防粘着片14在完全移开衔铁10时防止衔铁10粘着在液压部件2的传导磁性的阀套筒5上。
液压部件2具有液压活塞16，液压活塞可轴向移动地在阀套筒5中被引导。液压活塞16在背离衔铁10的端部60上借助于弹簧元件17支撑在阀套筒5上。在此，液压阀16能克服构造为螺栓压力弹簧的弹簧元件17的力进行移动，该弹簧元件支撑在紧固在阀套筒5中的筛网21上。为了引导和定心螺栓压力弹簧17，筛网21具有弹簧引导部22。按照液压活塞16的位置，工作接头A能借助于环绕的环形槽18和纵向孔与横向孔20、19在液压活塞16中与供应接头P或者油箱排出口T连接。
如果液压活塞16由于缺乏施加到励磁线圈7上的充分大的应力而处于示出的初始位置中，则液压流体由工作接头A被引导到油箱排出口T。
在衔铁10和液压活塞16之间的轴向的力传递借助于销23进行，该销在阀套筒5中引导地布置。销23能实现在衔铁支承部和活塞支承部之间的脱耦。在此，在其圆周上环绕的凹部24能实现支承面的减小，该凹部构造为在圆周上环绕的环形槽68，由此可以减少摩擦。同时，通过销23有利地传递仅轴向的力并且此外显著地改善容差情况。为了尽可能无摩擦地进行力传递，液压活塞16和防粘着片14具有球形突起(Kugelkuppen)。为了简化这两个构件，备选地可以考虑，在销23上构造支承面减小的结构、优选倒圆的端面、特别是球形突起。
如由图12进一步得知的那样，极板28集成到线圈体8中，其方式为，该极板例如至少部分地由线圈体8的塑料材料注塑包封，或者其方式为将极板28的凹部注模(durchspritzen)。由此，获得更小的轴向的结构空间并且简化液压阀1的装配。极板28在励磁线圈7的背离液压活塞16的端侧54上用作可磁化的壳体4的磁性的终端，该壳体在外圆周50上并且在至少一个端侧52上包围励磁线圈7。极板28可以构造成可磁化的、例如圆盘形的或者环形的、具有用于导线穿通的凹部的主体，其中，所述凹部例如可以是孔。
线圈体8在液压活塞1的一端部上封闭衔铁室56。在此，伸入到衔铁室56中的突出部25形成用于衔铁10的止挡部，从而由此减小的支承面具有防粘着效果。
在线圈体8中设置的液压流体容器26与衔铁室56连接并且阻止空气进入到液压阀1中，该液压流体容器优选初始一次性地被填满。此外，用于将液压流体移动到容器26中的可能性阻止了附加的不期望的缓冲。
这样确定容器26的尺寸，从而使得通过销行程进行的体积移动明显比容器体积更小。由此，减少污物进入到衔铁室56中。
为了防止在未示出的叉形插头35和极板28之间的由异物导致的短路，液压阀1此外具有切屑防护遮盖件(Spanschutzabdeckung)27，切屑防护遮盖件利用肋条遮盖极板28。叉形插头35同样部分地在线圈体8中喷注地设置，从而可以确保叉形插头35的可靠的紧固进而也确保可靠的接触。
如果筛网100覆盖阀套筒5的一个或者多个径向的P形开口29，则该筛网可以可靠地阻止污物由供应接头P的方向进入到液压阀1中。
由图1至图10得出用于液压阀的按照本发明的筛网100的五个实施例的截取区段。筛网100相应地包括具有多个筛网开口102的带板101，这些筛网开口形成蚀刻的功能轮廓。在此，筛网开口102可以通过在一侧或者在两侧蚀刻带板101来形成。
与已知的筛网不同，蚀刻可以通过制造方法根据相应的液压阀的特定的功能需求有针对性地呈现和优化筛网开口102在带板101中的几何形状。由此，筛网100获得相对于液压的系统的压力波动和压力冲击的较高的稳固性。
筛网开口102优选构造为孔眼，从而可以在穿流筛网100时获得与温度无关的和有针对性的压力下降。
正如由该实施例得知的那样，筛网开口102在一侧或者在两侧截球状地构造有第一截球体和第二截球体104、105，其中，筛网开口102的最小的直径形成孔眼直径103，其中，孔眼的轴向的位置是可变的。
如果孔眼不布置在带板101的中间处，则第一截球体104构造得比第二截球体105更大。在这种情况下，筛网开口102的第二截球体105作为污物屏障(Schmutzbarriere)起作用。
相同的情况也适合于按照图5和图6所示的实施方式，其中，筛网开口102仅由各一个截球体104形成。
如果截球体104、105的中轴线106和107相互错开地设置，则除了孔眼作用之外也可以获得有针对性的流动传导，例如用于避免阻塞压力、用于定向地流入其它组件的功能面等等的流动传导，正如以箭头L在图7和图9中显示的那样。
所示出的实施方式的带板101可以构造为带式筛网并且直接布置到液压阀1的阀套筒5上。在此，带板101的端部可以以简单的方式相互焊接。
然而，带板也可以在图11中示出的支承框架108中例如通过喷注来集成，从而筛网100构造为夹式筛网。在此，支承框架108的材料可以有利地至少部分地嵌入到截球体104、105中，从而筛网100可靠地紧固在支承框架108中。
筛网100的应用不局限于所描述的变速阀。因此，在本发明的范围内同样可以考虑，按照本发明的筛网100在所谓的插装式阀中用于调节凸轮轴调节器，以便保护供应接头P和/或工作接头A、B免遭污物进入。在此，插装式阀布置在凸轮轴调节器外部。但是，插装式阀同样也可以插入到凸轮轴调节器的转子毂中。于是，在此涉及所谓的中央阀。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于液压阀(1)的筛网(100)，所述筛网包括具有筛网开口(102)的带板(101)，其中，所述筛网开口(102)形成蚀刻的功能轮廓。
2.根据权利要求1所述的筛网(100)，其特征在于，所述筛网开口(102)构造为通过在一侧或者在两侧蚀刻所述带板(101)形成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的筛网(100)，其特征在于，所述筛网开口(102)构造为孔眼。
4.根据权利要求3所述的筛网(100)，其特征在于，所述筛网开口(102)在一侧或者在两侧构造为截球状的，其中，所述筛网开口(102)的最小的直径形成孔眼直径(103)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的筛网(100)，其特征在于，所述筛网开口(102)在两侧构造为截球状的并且孔眼的轴向位置是可变的。
6.根据上述权利要求2至5之一所述的筛网(100)，其特征在于，所述筛网开口(102)构造为污物屏障。
7.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的筛网(100)，其特征在于，所述筛网开口(102)在两侧构造为截球体(104、105)并且所述截球体(104、105)的中轴线(106、107)相互错开地设置。
8.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的筛网(100)，其特征在于，所述带板(101)构造为带式筛网。
9.根据上述权利要求1至7中任一项所述的筛网(100)，其特征在于，所述带板(101)布置在支承框架(108)中。
10.一种具有阀活塞(13)的液压阀(1)，所述阀活塞可轴向移动地在阀套筒(3)中被引导并且借助于所述阀活塞能将至少一个工作接头(A)可选地与供应接头(P)和油箱排出口(T)连接，其中，至少一个接头(A、P)借助于筛网(100)得到保护，其特征在于，所述筛网(100)是根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的筛网。
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