CN106332740B - Underground intelligent drip irrigation system for ecological restoration of high and steep slope and control method - Google Patents
Underground intelligent drip irrigation system for ecological restoration of high and steep slope and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106332740B CN106332740B CN201610774215.8A CN201610774215A CN106332740B CN 106332740 B CN106332740 B CN 106332740B CN 201610774215 A CN201610774215 A CN 201610774215A CN 106332740 B CN106332740 B CN 106332740B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/06—Watering arrangements making use of perforated pipe-lines located in the soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/16—Control of watering
- A01G25/167—Control by humidity of the soil itself or of devices simulating soil or of the atmosphere; Soil humidity sensors
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an intelligent drip irrigation system for ecological restoration of a high and steep slope and a control method thereof. The person in charge of water delivery system and branch pipe divide the slope into a plurality of piece district, are responsible for external water source, lay the capillary network with the branch pipe intercommunication in every piece district, leave on the capillary network and establish the water round hole, water delivery system still has the effect of consolidating ecological bank protection substrate simultaneously concurrently. The monitoring system utilizes the soil humidity sensor to monitor and collect the soil humidity condition in real time and transmits the soil humidity condition to the processing system. The processing system judges whether drip irrigation is needed to be carried out on the area or not through a mathematical algorithm, automatically opens the electromagnetic valve for connecting the capillary network and the branch pipe when the drip irrigation is needed, and automatically closes when the drip irrigation is not needed. The invention has no dead angle for drip irrigation, no manpower input, and high intellectualization and water source utilization degree.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of slope ecological restoration and water-saving irrigation, in particular to an underground intelligent drip irrigation system for high and steep slope ecological restoration and a control method.
Background
Aiming at ecological restoration of a high and steep slope, an ecological slope protection base material is sprayed on the surface of a slope body to build a suitable vegetation habitat at present. In order to enhance the stability of the ecological slope protection base material on the slope body, a reinforcement layer is generally required to be arranged in the ecological slope protection base material at a position 5-6cm away from the original slope surface, and the reinforcement layer is composed of a reinforcement net parallel to the slope surface and an anchoring member vertical to the slope surface.
The horizontal projection area of the high and steep side slope is small, the natural rainfall carried and intercepted by the slope body is very limited, and the soil moisture of the slope body is supplemented by adopting an automatic sprinkling irrigation mode or a manual watering mode on the ground in the process of carrying out ecological restoration on the slope body, so as to meet the growth requirement of plants. The automatic sprinkling irrigation on the ground has two major disadvantages: firstly, the steep slope has poor surface runoff accumulation capacity, and most of sprayed water is not absorbed by slope soil and directly converges to a slope toe along the surface of the slope under the action of gravity, so that great waste of water resources is caused; secondly, the side slope is uneven mostly, and the automatic sprinkling irrigation system on the ground can not cover the whole slope surface comprehensively, so that a plurality of dead angles can be left, and plants located at the positions can be stressed by severe drought, thereby causing the non-uniformity of the local alopecia areata and the ecological restoration effect of the side slope. Though manual watering of manpower can be as required to sufficient moisturizing to slope body soil at any time, its amount of labour is big, factor of safety is low, and under the condition of the steep ground of slope height face, it is very inconvenient to operate, also can leave over partial dead angle.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the background technology, the invention provides an underground intelligent drip irrigation system for ecological restoration of a high and steep slope and a control method thereof, which can ensure that the water content in the whole slope ecological slope protection substrate is uniformly maintained in a reasonable interval so as to meet the growth requirement of plants.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an underground intelligent drip irrigation system for ecological restoration of a high and steep slope comprises a water delivery system, a monitoring system and a treatment system;
the water delivery system comprises branch pipes, a main pipe and a capillary network, wherein the main pipe is externally connected with a water source and is transversely distributed along the slope; the branch pipes are longitudinally distributed along the slope surface and are communicated with the main pipe in a cross mode; the branch pipes and the main pipe are arranged in a crossed manner to divide the side slope into a plurality of areas, and each area is a water delivery unit; a capillary network is laid in each water delivery unit and is communicated with a branch pipe, an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the communication position of the capillary network and the branch pipe and is used for controlling the communication and the closing of a pipeline, and a plurality of water outlet circular holes are formed in the capillary network; the branch pipe, the main pipe and the capillary network are fixed at the position 5-6cm away from the slope surface through anchoring components and cover the surface of the whole slope body.
Monitoring system includes soil moisture sensor, soil moisture sensor real-time supervision, collection soil moisture information to turn into the signal of telecommunication and spread into processing system, processing system's signal output part links to each other with the solenoid valve.
The processing system can receive the electric signal transmitted by the monitoring system, and feeds the electric signal back to the electromagnetic valve of the monitoring system after processing to control the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve.
The main pipe is made of flexible plastic, the cross section of the main pipe is in a circular ring shape, the inner diameter is 3-4cm, the wall thickness is 3-5mm, the maximum stretching force is not less than 20kN/m, the main pipe is transversely arranged along the slope, the longitudinal distance is 5-10m, and sufficient water and water pressure are provided for the whole water delivery system.
The branch pipe is made of flexible plastics, the cross section of the branch pipe is in a circular ring shape, the inner diameter is 2-3cm, the wall thickness is 3-5mm, the maximum stretching force is not less than 20kN/m, the branch pipe is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the slope, and the transverse distance is 2-2.5 m.
The cross section of the capillary network monofilament is circular, the inner diameter is 2-3mm, the wall thickness is 1-2mm, the single-hole mesh of the capillary network is an equilateral polygon, the diameter of an inscribed circle is 5-7.5cm, and the maximum stretching force is not less than 6.0 kN/m.
The aperture of the water outlet circular hole is 0.5-0.7mm, and the hole distance is 0.5-0.8 m.
The control method of any intelligent drip irrigation system comprises the following steps:
firstly, converting soil humidity into an electric signal through a monitoring system, and transmitting the electric signal to a processing system;
secondly, summarizing humidity information of all sensors on a single water delivery unit, setting x-y coordinates as position points of the sensors, setting z coordinates as soil humidity, and fitting all the points in the water delivery unit by using a least square method to construct a position-humidity three-dimensional curved surface of the water delivery unit at the moment; when points more than 1/20 exist on the position-humidity curved surface and are lower than the set minimum humidity threshold value, the drip irrigation is considered to be needed, the processing system outputs signals, the branch pipes are communicated with the capillary network, water flows are conveyed to the capillary network and penetrate into soil through the water outlet circular holes, and the drip irrigation starts; the drip irrigation is continuously carried out, the sensor continuously transmits the humidity of the point, when the point which is less than 1/20 on the position-humidity curved surface is lower than the set lowest humidity threshold value, the drip irrigation can be stopped, the processing system outputs a signal, the water path between the branch pipe and the capillary network is automatically disconnected, and the drip irrigation is stopped.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the water delivery system provided by the invention can automatically supply water to the slope soil, also replaces the original reinforced layer, integrates the dual effects of water delivery and ecological slope protection base material reinforcement, and effectively saves natural resources.
2. The water delivery system is made of flexible materials, is comprehensively covered on the whole slope body according to the side slope shape, and abandons the influence of uneven surface of the side slope, so that the drip irrigation part is promoted not to leave dead angles, and the unification of plant growth and ecological restoration effects is facilitated.
3. Automatic drip irrigation in soil is implemented according to the soil humidity condition of a slope body, no human input is needed, the drip irrigation water is not wasted, and the intelligent and water source utilization degree is extremely high.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a floor plan of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged plan view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-branch pipe, 2-main pipe, 3-capillary network, 4-electromagnetic valve, 5-soil humidity sensor, 6-water outlet round hole, 7-slope, 8-anchoring member, 9-ecological slope protection base material and 10-section amplification mark.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
an underground intelligent drip irrigation system for ecological restoration of a high and steep slope comprises a water delivery system, a monitoring system and a treatment system. The water delivery system comprises a branch pipe 1, a main pipe 2 and a capillary network 3, wherein the main pipe 2 is externally connected with a water source and is transversely arranged along a slope surface 7; the branch pipes 1 are longitudinally distributed along the slope 7 and are communicated with the main pipe 2 in a cross way; the branch pipes 1 and the main pipe 2 are arranged in a crossed manner to divide the slope into a plurality of areas, and each area is a water delivery unit; a capillary network 3 is laid in each water delivery unit, the capillary network 3 is communicated with a branch pipe 1, an electromagnetic valve 4 is arranged at the communication position of the capillary network 3 and the branch pipe 1, the electromagnetic valve 4 controls the communication and closing of pipelines, and a plurality of water outlet circular holes 6 are arranged on the capillary network 3; the branch pipe 1, the main pipe 2 and the capillary network 3 are all fixed at the position 5-6cm away from the slope surface 7 through an anchoring member 8 and cover the whole slope surface. The whole slope body is covered comprehensively, and the reinforced layer has the double functions of water delivery and ecological slope protection substrate reinforcement.
Further, monitoring system includes soil moisture sensor 5, soil moisture sensor 5 real-time supervision, collection soil moisture information to convert the signal of telecommunication into and spread into processing system, processing system's signal output part links to each other with solenoid valve 4.
Preferably, the soil humidity sensor 5 is an YL-69 type sensor and is fixed in the middle of two adjacent water outlet circular holes 6 on the capillary network 3 to form a square shape criss-cross with the water outlet circular holes 6; the metal cable is fixed on the capillary network 3 and is used for transmitting signals of the soil humidity sensors 5; the soil humidity sensor 5 converts the soil humidity into a front-end analog voltage to be connected to an analog output port, an A/D conversion chip is used for carrying out digital processing, and a processing result is imported into a processing system; except the probe of the soil humidity sensor 5, the rest parts of the whole sensing system are wrapped by insulating layers.
Further, the processing system can receive the electric signal transmitted by the monitoring system, and the electric signal is processed and then fed back to the electromagnetic valve 4 of the monitoring system to control the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve.
Preferably, the processing system comprises a singlechip, an integrated circuit, a battery, a relay and an electromagnetic valve component; the single chip microcomputer is in an AT89S52 model, and a combined integrated circuit of the single chip microcomputer is used for writing a program and controlling a drip irrigation system; the battery provides power for the whole system; the relay is used for controlling the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve 4; the electromagnetic valve 4 is arranged at the joint of the water delivery system branch pipe 1 and the capillary network 3; except the electromagnetic valve 4, other components of the treatment system are all placed in an insulating waterproof box and buried underground, the thickness of the soil covering layer on the top of the treatment system is 5cm, and one treatment system controls one water delivery unit.
Furthermore, the main pipe 2 is made of flexible plastics, the cross section of the main pipe 2 is circular, the inner diameter is 3-4cm, the wall thickness is 3-5mm, the maximum stretching force is not less than 20kN/m, the main pipe is transversely arranged along the slope surface, the longitudinal distance is 5-10m, and sufficient water and water pressure are provided for the whole water delivery system.
Furthermore, the branch pipe 1 is made of flexible plastics, the cross section of the branch pipe 1 is circular, the inner diameter is 2-3cm, the wall thickness is 3-5mm, the maximum stretching force is not less than 20kN/m, the branch pipe is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the slope, and the transverse distance is 2-2.5 m.
Furthermore, the cross section of the single wire of the capillary network 3 is circular, the inner diameter is 2-3mm, the wall thickness is 1-2mm, the single-hole meshes of the capillary network 3 are equilateral polygons, the diameter of an inscribed circle is 5-7.5cm, and the maximum stretching force is not less than 6.0 kN/m.
Furthermore, the aperture of the water outlet round hole 6 is 0.5-0.7mm, and the hole distance is 0.5-0.8 m.
Example 2:
the intelligent drip irrigation system control method comprises the following steps:
the processing system is provided with a battery, a switch is turned on, the monitoring system is electrified, and the YL-69 sensor 5 converts the soil humidity into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the singlechip through a metal cable; summarizing humidity information of all sensors 5 on a single water delivery unit, wherein x-y coordinates are position points of the sensors 5, z coordinates are soil humidity, and fitting all points in the water delivery unit by using a least square method to construct a position-humidity three-dimensional curved surface of the water delivery unit at the moment;
at the moment, points which are more than 1/20 exist on the position-humidity curved surface and are lower than the set minimum humidity threshold value, the drip irrigation is considered to be needed, the single chip microcomputer outputs signals, the relay is closed, the electromagnetic valve 4 is opened, the branch pipe 1 is communicated with the capillary network 3, water flows are conveyed to the capillary network 3 and penetrate into soil through the water outlet circular hole 6, and the drip irrigation starts; the drip irrigation is continuously carried out, the sensor 5 continuously transmits the humidity at the point, and when the point which is less than 1/20 on the position-humidity curved surface is lower than the set lowest humidity threshold value after two minutes, the drip irrigation can be stopped, the single chip microcomputer outputs a signal, the relay is disconnected, the electromagnetic valve 4 is closed, the water channel between the branch pipe 1 and the capillary network 3 is automatically disconnected, and the drip irrigation is stopped.
From the above description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention. The present invention is not limited to the details given herein, but is within the ordinary knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (1)
1. A control method of an underground intelligent drip irrigation system for ecological restoration of a high and steep slope is characterized by comprising the following steps: it comprises the following steps:
firstly, converting soil humidity into an electric signal through a monitoring system, and transmitting the electric signal to a processing system;
secondly, summarizing humidity information of all sensors on a single water delivery unit, setting x-y coordinates as position points of the sensors, setting z coordinates as soil humidity, and fitting all the points in the water delivery unit by using a least square method to construct a position-humidity three-dimensional curved surface of the water delivery unit at the moment; when points more than 1/20 exist on the position-humidity curved surface and are lower than the set minimum humidity threshold value, the drip irrigation is considered to be needed, the processing system outputs signals, the branch pipes are communicated with the capillary network, water flows are conveyed to the capillary network and penetrate into soil through the water outlet circular holes, and the drip irrigation starts; the drip irrigation is continuously carried out, the sensor continuously transmits the humidity of the point, when the point which is less than 1/20 on the position-humidity curved surface is lower than the set minimum humidity threshold value, the drip irrigation can be stopped, the processing system outputs a signal, the water path between the branch pipe and the capillary network is automatically disconnected, and the drip irrigation is stopped;
the underground intelligent drip irrigation system comprises a water delivery system, a monitoring system and a treatment system;
the water delivery system comprises branch pipes (1), a main pipe (2) and a capillary network (3), wherein the main pipe (2) is externally connected with a water source and is transversely arranged along a slope surface (7); the branch pipes (1) are longitudinally distributed along the slope surface (7) and are communicated with the main pipe (2) in a cross way; the branch pipes (1) and the main pipe (2) are arranged in a crossed manner to divide the side slope into a plurality of sheet areas, and each sheet area is a water delivery unit; a capillary network (3) is laid in each water delivery unit, the capillary network (3) is communicated with the branch pipe (1), an electromagnetic valve (4) is arranged at the communication position of the capillary network (3) and the branch pipe (1), the electromagnetic valve (4) controls the communication and the closing of a pipeline, and a plurality of water outlet circular holes (6) are formed in the capillary network (3); the branch pipe (1), the main pipe (2) and the capillary network (3) are fixed at a position 5-6cm away from the slope surface (7) through an anchoring component (8) and cover the surface of the whole slope body;
the monitoring system comprises a soil humidity sensor (5), the soil humidity sensor (5) monitors and collects soil humidity information in real time, the soil humidity information is converted into an electric signal and transmitted to the processing system, and the signal output end of the processing system is connected with the electromagnetic valve (4);
the processing system can receive the electric signal transmitted by the monitoring system, and feeds the processed electric signal back to the electromagnetic valve (4) of the monitoring system to control the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve;
the main pipe (2) is made of flexible plastic, the cross section of the main pipe (2) is circular, the inner diameter is 3-4cm, the wall thickness is 3-5mm, the maximum stretching force is not less than 20kN/m, the main pipe is transversely arranged along the slope surface (7), the longitudinal distance is 5-10m, and sufficient water and water pressure are provided for the whole water delivery system;
the branch pipe (1) is made of flexible plastics, the cross section of the branch pipe (1) is circular, the inner diameter is 2-3cm, the wall thickness is 3-5mm, the maximum stretching force is not less than 20kN/m, the branch pipe is distributed along the longitudinal direction of the slope, and the transverse distance is 2-2.5 m;
the cross section of the single wire of the capillary network (3) is circular, the inner diameter is 2-3mm, the wall thickness is 1-2mm, the single-hole mesh of the capillary network (3) is an equilateral polygon, the diameter of an inscribed circle is 5-7.5cm, and the maximum stretching force is not less than 6.0 kN/m;
the aperture of the water outlet circular hole (6) is 0.5-0.7mm, and the hole distance is 0.5-0.8 m.
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| CN201610774215.8A CN106332740B (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Underground intelligent drip irrigation system for ecological restoration of high and steep slope and control method |
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| CN106332740B true CN106332740B (en) | 2020-02-11 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113906988A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-11 | 贵州省水利水电勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Slope water-saving and water-retaining system |
| CN114303713A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-04-12 | 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Side slope three-dimensional ecological protection and restoration structure |
| CN115413439B (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2023-11-24 | 中煤长江基础建设有限公司 | Slope restoration structure and restoration method |
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| CN2250011Y (en) * | 1995-12-28 | 1997-03-26 | 王礼 | Low water head self-flow underground infiltrating irrigation device |
| CN104285762A (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2015-01-21 | 浙江康之维节水科技有限公司 | Comprehensively intelligent irrigation method and system for artificial vegetation ground |
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| CN205052395U (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2016-03-02 | 杨建中 | Stifled permeation irrigation device is prevented in water conservation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN203270590U (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-11-06 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Thick-layer base material green protective structure for cut steep side slope |
| CN203795405U (en) * | 2014-01-18 | 2014-08-27 | 浙江水利水电学院 | Water storage and soil fixation micro moistening protection grating |
| CN103866774B (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2016-11-23 | 张锦宇 | For bank protection and the ditch pipe network protection body collapsing the solid soil of hilllock draining |
| CN104297450B (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2016-04-06 | 西安理工大学 | Real-time irrigation monitoring point method for determining position |
| CN104805845B (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2016-08-24 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of flexible bank protecting method of feldspathic sandstone natural slope |
| CN204703178U (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-10-14 | 宏大国源（芜湖）资源环境治理有限公司 | A kind of multi-functional ramp device for ecological revetment |
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| CN2250011Y (en) * | 1995-12-28 | 1997-03-26 | 王礼 | Low water head self-flow underground infiltrating irrigation device |
| CN104285762A (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2015-01-21 | 浙江康之维节水科技有限公司 | Comprehensively intelligent irrigation method and system for artificial vegetation ground |
| CN104584989A (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2015-05-06 | 河海大学 | Automatic control three-dimensional trickle irrigation method |
| CN205052395U (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2016-03-02 | 杨建中 | Stifled permeation irrigation device is prevented in water conservation |
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Effective date of registration: 20210528 Address after: 443000 Room 405, building 519-10, Juxiang Road, Yichang area, China (Hubei) free trade zone, Yichang City, Hubei Province Patentee after: Hubei Runzhi Ecological Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 443002 No. 8, University Road, Yichang, Hubei Patentee before: CHINA THREE GORGES University Patentee before: Zhou Mingtao |