CN106318610A - 一种丝瓜籽油的提取方法 - Google Patents

一种丝瓜籽油的提取方法 Download PDF

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CN106318610A
CN106318610A CN201610814629.9A CN201610814629A CN106318610A CN 106318610 A CN106318610 A CN 106318610A CN 201610814629 A CN201610814629 A CN 201610814629A CN 106318610 A CN106318610 A CN 106318610A
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seed oil
luffa
extraction
luffa seed
ultrasonic
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陈晖�
江苗
刘雪锋
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Jiangnan University
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Jiangnan University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23DEDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
    • A23D9/00Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils
    • A23D9/02Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils characterised by the production or working-up
    • A23D9/04Working-up
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11BPRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/02Pretreatment
    • C11B1/04Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11BPRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/10Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
    • C11B1/106Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting using ultra-sounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11BPRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/12Refining fats or fatty oils by distillation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种丝瓜籽油的提取方法,先对丝瓜籽进行预脱色处理和含水量的调整,再采用超声波辅助进行提取,以石油醚(60‑90℃)为提取溶剂,料液比为1:7g/ml,超声温度26℃,超声功率117w,提取时间35min,提取结束之后进行减压旋转蒸馏,得到提取液,烘至恒重。采用本发明的提取工艺大大提升了丝瓜籽油的出油率,出油率达到36.64%,并且提取出的丝瓜籽油的色泽纯正品质较好,皂质酸值等都符合国家标准。其中棕榈酸含量为14.71%,硬脂酸含量为9.37%,油酸含量为45.20%,亚油酸含量为28.35%,这四种主要脂肪酸组占总脂肪酸的97.63%。

Description

一种丝瓜籽油的提取方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种植物油脂的提取方法,具体是涉及丝瓜籽油的一种提取方法。
背景技术
凡是油脂含量达10%以上,具有制油价值的植物种子和果肉等均称为油料。油料中蕴藏了丰富的天然产物,其中很多具有重要的生理活性。我国油料种子的种类很多,资源丰富,但目前开发利用的仅10多种,在自然资源中还有大量的野生资源有待发掘和进一步的开发利用。丝瓜是中东亚地区的特产食材,富含人体所需有益养分,而丝瓜籽中粗脂肪质量分数达21.12%,脂肪酸组成与花生油相近,除含有棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸和亚油酸4种主要脂肪酸外还含有少量的豆蔻酸、十七碳酸、亚麻酸及山嵛酸,而其中不饱和脂肪酸质量分数高达79.47%。因此丝瓜籽油可以作为小品种油料进行工业化生产。为进一步研究丝瓜籽油脂的成分及其潜在的工业用途,有必要系统研究丝瓜籽油的提取分离技术。但目前由于设备和技术等原因,丝瓜籽的利用率很低,且提取出来的丝瓜籽油品质低。因此加快丝瓜籽油提取工艺的研究和开发不仅能够解决我国油脂油料资源紧缺的问题,还可以提供新的优质食用油脂。
发明内容
为了提高丝瓜籽油的提取率及丝瓜籽油的品质,本发明提供一种丝瓜籽油的提取方法。
本发明提供一种丝瓜籽油的提取方法,具体步骤如下:
1)预脱色处理:称取一定量带膜整粒丝瓜籽仁,用95%乙醇快速脱色,脱色条件为:50℃,固液比1:20g/ml,每次浸提40min,浸提3次,使溶剂挥发;
2)含水量调整:将经过脱色处理的籽仁干燥恒重后粉碎成40目,然后采用吸湿回潮法进行水分调整,加入7%的含水量;
3)超声波辅助提取:采用超声波细胞粉碎机,以石油醚(60-90℃)为提取溶剂,料液比为1:7g/ml,超声温度26℃,超声功率117w,提取时间35min;
4)提取结束之后进行减压旋转蒸馏,得到提取液,烘至恒重。
由于丝瓜籽仁有一层韧性很强的灰绿色薄膜,较难脱净,其色素易溶于有机溶剂,使油脂色泽较,不利于脱色精炼,为解决脱色难的问题,在丝瓜籽油提取时采用溶剂溶解的方法先脱除色素。采用超声波辅助法提取的丝瓜籽油,提取出的丝瓜籽油的色泽纯正,出油率达到36.64%。其中棕榈酸含量为14.71%,硬脂酸含量为9.37%,油酸含量为45.20%,亚油酸含量为28.35%,这四种主要脂肪酸组占总脂肪酸的97.63%。
具体实施方式
1)预脱色处理:称取一定量带膜整粒丝瓜籽仁,用95%乙醇快速脱色,脱色条件为:50℃,固液比1:20g/ml,每次浸提40min,浸提3次,使溶剂挥发;
2)含水量调整:将经过脱色处理的籽仁干燥恒重后粉碎成40目,然后采用吸湿回潮法进行水分调整,加入7%的含水量;
3)超声波辅助提取:采用超声波细胞粉碎机,以石油醚(60-90℃)为提取溶剂,料液比为1:7g/ml,超声温度26℃,超声功率117w,提取时间35min;
4)提取结束之后进行减压旋转蒸馏,得到提取液,烘至恒重,计算出油率。

Claims (1)

1.一种丝瓜籽油提取方法,其特征在于,本发明提取方法包含以下步骤:
1)预脱色处理:称取一定量带膜整粒丝瓜籽仁,用95%乙醇快速脱色,脱色条件为:50℃,固液比1:20g/ml,每次浸提40min,浸提3次,使溶剂挥发;
2)含水量调整:将经过脱色处理的籽仁干燥恒重后粉碎成40目,然后采用吸湿回潮法进行水分调整,加入7%的含水量;
3)超声波辅助提取:采用超声波细胞粉碎机,以石油醚(60-90℃)为提取溶剂,料液比为1:7g/ml,超声温度26℃,超声功率117w,提取时间35min;
4)提取结束之后进行减压旋转蒸馏,得到提取液,烘至恒重,计算出油率。
CN201610814629.9A 2016-09-09 2016-09-09 一种丝瓜籽油的提取方法 Pending CN106318610A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113046172A (zh) * 2021-03-22 2021-06-29 安徽理工大学 丝瓜籽油的提取方法
CN113637143A (zh) * 2021-07-16 2021-11-12 安徽农业大学 一种丝瓜籽油仿乳胶海绵及其制备、应用及枕头

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113046172A (zh) * 2021-03-22 2021-06-29 安徽理工大学 丝瓜籽油的提取方法
CN113637143A (zh) * 2021-07-16 2021-11-12 安徽农业大学 一种丝瓜籽油仿乳胶海绵及其制备、应用及枕头

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Application publication date: 20170111