CN106258455B - A kind of control method of smut of sugarcane - Google Patents
A kind of control method of smut of sugarcane Download PDFInfo
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- CN106258455B CN106258455B CN201610902060.1A CN201610902060A CN106258455B CN 106258455 B CN106258455 B CN 106258455B CN 201610902060 A CN201610902060 A CN 201610902060A CN 106258455 B CN106258455 B CN 106258455B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/44—Poaceae or Gramineae [Grass family], e.g. bamboo, lemon grass or citronella grass
Abstract
The invention mainly relates to planting technology fields, disclose a kind of control method of smut of sugarcane, comprising: post-process before plantation, when plantation with plantation；Entire planting process carries out the prevention and treatment of smut, so that the disease incidence of smut is reduced to 4%, household economy income improves 11.7%；Before plantation, by soil deep tillage, fermentation sugarcane top is added, and impregnate through propolis solution, antibacterial desinsection, promotes sugarcane germination, reduces germ proliferation, reduce disease incidence；When plantation, garlic and sugarcane are interplanted, avoid damage of successive crop, kills pathogenic microorganism, reduces the generation of smut, sprays antimicrobial after soil trench digging, kill the pathogenic microorganism in soil, the germination percentage of sugarcane is made to improve 7.3%；After plantation, the temperature and humidity of greenhouse is gradually adjusted, improves resistance, disease pest incidence is reduced, disease-resistant agent solution is periodically sprinkled after germination, inhibits the generation of smut, makes the output increased 12.6% of sugarcane.
Description
Technical field
The invention mainly relates to planting technology field more particularly to a kind of control methods of smut of sugarcane.
Background technique
Sugar rich in, moisture in sugarcane, also containing various vitamins, fat, protein, organic acid, calcium, iron etc.
Substance is mainly used for refining sugar, and has been planted extensively in China, and sugarcane is not only full of nutrition, also has plurality of health care functions,
Energy can be supplemented, fatigue is eliminated, prevents heatstroke, helps spleen diuresis, promotes gastrointestinal function, nourishes moisturizing.
Sugarcane is extensive in China's cultivated area, but will appear a variety of diseases in planting process, wherein smut disease incidence
Height is caused by sugarcane whip smut, and infectiousness is strong, and some areas disease incidence is up to 30% or more, is caused to plantation peasant household serious
Economic loss, smut of sugarcane passes through largely to spray insecticide and be prevented and treated at present, be easy to cause pesticide residue, reduces sugarcane
Yield and quality can also generate very big harm to the health of consumer.
Summary of the invention
In order to make up the defect of prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of control methods of smut of sugarcane.
A kind of control method of smut of sugarcane, comprising the following steps:
(1) before planting: select health, without the good sugarcane of disease pest, growing way, dissection prevents germ from breeding on whole sugarcane,
Infectious rate is reduced, billets of cane is placed in the baking oven that temperature is 52 ~ 54 DEG C and toasts 15 ~ 17 minutes by every section of bud eye, reduces sweet
Sugarcane surface moisture, sugar content increase, and inhibit germ reproduction, take out, are immediately placed in propolis solution and impregnate 10 ~ 12 hours, increase
Small molecule nutrition enhances sugarcane resistance, promotes sugarcane germination, obtains to kind of a billets of cane, plants first 17 ~ 19 days, soil is carried out
Deep ploughing sterilizing, kills pedo relict germ, reduces the generation of smut, obtain to kind of a soil；
(2) when planting: a greenhouse gardening will be carried out to kind of billets of cane, by the seeding row spacing to kind of soil be determined as 20 ~ 24cm ×
126 ~ 130cm increases seeding row spacing, reduces smut infectious rate between sugarcane, and after trench digging, sprinkling mass fraction is 1.7 ~ 1.9%
Disease-resistant agent solution, the fountain height of disease-resistant agent solution are 100 ~ 120ml/m2, the germ in soil is killed, after cane planting,
Garlic is planted according to conventional seeding row spacing between every two row, land utilization ratio is improved, avoids damage of successive crop, enhance the disease-resistant energy of sugarcane
Power obtains sugarcane and garlic interplanting greenhouse；
(3) plant after: by sugarcane and garlic interplanting greenhouse in temperature be adjusted to 7 ~ 9 DEG C, humidity be 64 ~ 66%, keep 18
~ 20 hours, then adjust temperature be 11 ~ 13 DEG C, humidity be 65 ~ 67%, holding 22 ~ 24 hours, then adjust temperature for 18 ~ 20 DEG C,
Humidity is 70 ~ 72%, and heat preservation to sugarcane and garlic germinate, and gradually adjust greenhouse temperature, improve the germination percentage of sugarcane and garlic, is increased
Strong resistance periodically sprinkles antimicrobial after germination.
The propolis solution of the step (1), temperature are 15 ~ 17 DEG C, and propolis is first dissolved in the anhydrous of 3 ~ 4 times of propolis weight amounts
It in ethyl alcohol, stirs evenly, distilled water is added, until mass concentration is 4 ~ 6%.
The deep ploughing of the step (1) sterilizes, and is that sugarcane top meal is broken to 1 ~ 2mm, water is added to mix thoroughly, until water content be 58 ~
60%, the EM bacterium of sugarcane top weight 4 ~ 6% is added, fermentation 10 ~ 12 days is stacked after mixing thoroughly, takes out, is spread on soil with 300 ~ 350kg/ mus
Earth, deep plough 42 ~ 44cm, is exposed to the sun 2 ~ 3 days, lid mulch, until cultivation removes mulch in first 1 day.
The antiviral agents of the step (2), are made of raw material from the following weight: extra large mango leaf 26 ~ 28, hairyvein agrimony 25 ~ 27,
Willowweed 23 ~ 25, enchanter's nightshade 22 ~ 24, gerbera 22 ~ 24, leaf of Chinese ilex 18 ~ 20, bitter ground gallbladder 16 ~ 18, toad grass 16 ~ 18, hispid arthraxon
13 ~ 15, the above raw material is crushed to 60 ~ 80 mesh by Kirilow Groundsel Herb 11 ~ 13, and the water of 40 ~ 50 times of all raw material gross weights amounts, infusion is added
The 1/5 of original volume, filtering, it is 65 ~ 67% that filter residue small fire, which is fried, and adds the volume fraction of 70 ~ 80 times of filter residue weight amounts to raw perfume
Alcoholic solution, sealing, is placed in 51 ~ 53 DEG C, 46 ~ 48kHz ultrasonic extraction 30 ~ 35 minutes, filters, Chinese medicine slag as organic fertilizer,
Merging all Chinese medicine extracts and being dried to water content in 82 ~ 84 DEG C is 9 ~ 11%, obtains antiviral agents.
The garlic of the step (2) is purple garlic.
The step (3) periodically sprinkles antimicrobial, Seedling Stage to tillering stage, every 14 ~ 16 days one inferior qualities of sprinkling
The disease-resistant agent solution that concentration is 0.6 ~ 0.8%, in the elongation phase, the antiviral agents that the mass concentration of sprinkling in every 7 ~ 9 days is 0.5 ~ 0.7%
Solution, in technical maturity, the disease-resistant agent solution that the mass concentration of sprinkling in every 18 ~ 20 days is 0.4 ~ 0.6%, described is disease-resistant
Agent is the antiviral agents of step (2).
The invention has the advantages that a kind of control method of smut of sugarcane provided by the invention, entire planting process into
The prevention and treatment of row smut makes the disease incidence of smut be reduced to 4%, and household economy income improves 11.7%；Before plantation, by soil depth
It turns over, fermentation sugarcane top is added, turns waste into wealth, sugarcane is segmented by save the cost, through baking oven short-term baking, avoids pathogenic microorganism
Breeding, and impregnated through propolis solution, antibacterial desinsection, promote sugarcane germination, reduces germ proliferation, reduce disease incidence；It, will when plantation
Seeding row spacing tunes up, and reduces the infection between smut plant, garlic and sugarcane are interplanted, and avoids damage of successive crop, kills disease
Pathogenic microorganism reduces the generation of smut, and can make full use of soil, increases income, sprays antibacterial agent after soil trench digging
Solution kills the pathogenic microorganism in soil, and the germination percentage of sugarcane is made to improve 9.3%；After plantation, the temperature of greenhouse is gradually adjusted
And humidity, promote the germination and growth of sugarcane and garlic, improve resistance, reduces disease pest incidence, periodically sprinkled after germination anti-
Sick agent solution inhibits the generation of smut, makes the output increased 12.6% of sugarcane.
Specific embodiment
Illustrate the present invention with specific embodiment below.
Embodiment 1
A kind of control method of smut of sugarcane, comprising the following steps:
(1) before planting: select health, without the good sugarcane of disease pest, growing way, dissection prevents germ from breeding on whole sugarcane,
Infectious rate is reduced, billets of cane is placed in the baking oven that temperature is 52 DEG C and toasts 15 minutes by every section of bud eye, reduces sugarcane surface
Moisture, sugar content increase, and inhibit germ reproduction, take out, are immediately placed in propolis solution and impregnate 10 hours, increase small molecule battalion
It supports, enhances sugarcane resistance, promote sugarcane germination, obtain to kind of a billets of cane, plant first 17 days, soil is subjected to deep ploughing sterilizing, is killed
It goes out pedo relict germ, reduces the generation of smut, obtain to kind of a soil；
(2) when planting: a greenhouse gardening will be carried out to kind of billets of cane, by the seeding row spacing to kind of soil be determined as 20 ~ 24cm ×
126 ~ 130cm increases seeding row spacing, reduces smut infectious rate between sugarcane, after trench digging, sprinkling mass fraction be 1.7% it is disease-resistant
Agent solution, the fountain height of disease-resistant agent solution are 100 ~ 120ml/m2, kill the germ in soil, after cane planting, every two
Garlic is planted according to conventional seeding row spacing between row, land utilization ratio is improved, avoids damage of successive crop, enhance the disease resistance of sugarcane,
It obtains sugarcane and garlic interplants greenhouse；
(3) after planting: the temperature in sugarcane and garlic interplanting greenhouse is adjusted to 7 DEG C, humidity 64%, is kept for 18 hours,
Then adjust temperature be 11 DEG C, humidity 65%, kept for 22 hours, then adjust temperature be 18 DEG C, humidity 70%, heat preservation is to sugarcane
It germinates with garlic, gradually adjusts greenhouse temperature, improve the germination percentage of sugarcane and garlic, enhance resistance, periodically sprinkled after germination
Antimicrobial.
The propolis solution of the step (1), temperature are 15 DEG C, and propolis is first dissolved in the dehydrated alcohol of 3 times of propolis weight amounts
In, it stirs evenly, distilled water is added, until mass concentration is 4%.
The deep ploughing of the step (1) sterilizes, and is that sugarcane top meal is broken to 1 ~ 2mm, water is added to mix thoroughly, until water content is 58%, adds
The EM bacterium for entering sugarcane top weight 4% stacks fermentation 10 days after mixing thoroughly, take out, and is spread on soil with 300kg/ mus, and deep plough 42 ~ 44cm,
It is exposed to the sun 2 days, lid mulch, until cultivation removes mulch in first 1 day.
The antiviral agents of the step (2), are made of raw material from the following weight: extra large mango leaf 26, hairyvein agrimony 25, willowweed
23, enchanter's nightshade 22, gerbera 22, leaf of Chinese ilex 18, bitter ground gallbladder 16, toad grass 16, hispid arthraxon 13, Kirilow Groundsel Herb 11, by the above raw material powder
60 mesh are broken to, are added the water of 40 times of all raw material gross weights amounts, the 1/5 of infusion original volume, filtering fries filter residue small fire to raw fragrant,
The volume fraction for adding 70 times of filter residue weight amounts is 65% alcoholic solution, and sealing is placed in 51 DEG C, 46kHz ultrasonic extraction 30 divides
Clock, filtering, for Chinese medicine slag as organic fertilizer, merging all Chinese medicine extracts and being dried to water content in 82 DEG C is 9%, is obtained disease-resistant
Agent.
The garlic of the step (2) is purple garlic.
The step (3) periodically sprinkles antimicrobial, Seedling Stage to tillering stage, the mass concentration of sprinkling in every 14 days
For 0.6% disease-resistant agent solution, in the elongation phase, the disease-resistant agent solution that the mass concentration of sprinkling in every 7 days is 0.5%, technique at
The ripe phase, the disease-resistant agent solution that the mass concentration of sprinkling in every 18 days is 0.4%, the antiviral agents are the antiviral agents of step (2).
The control method of the present embodiment smut of sugarcane, cultivation germination percentage reach 94.4%, and smut rate is reduced to 4%, phoenix
Pears disease rate is reduced to 12%, is able to suppress the generation of a variety of diseases, non agricultural chemical residuum.
Embodiment 2
A kind of control method of smut of sugarcane, comprising the following steps:
(1) before planting: select health, without the good sugarcane of disease pest, growing way, dissection prevents germ from breeding on whole sugarcane,
Infectious rate is reduced, billets of cane is placed in the baking oven that temperature is 53 DEG C and toasts 16 minutes by every section of bud eye, reduces sugarcane surface
Moisture, sugar content increase, and inhibit germ reproduction, take out, are immediately placed in propolis solution and impregnate 11 hours, increase small molecule battalion
It supports, enhances sugarcane resistance, promote sugarcane germination, obtain to kind of a billets of cane, plant first 18 days, soil is subjected to deep ploughing sterilizing, is killed
It goes out pedo relict germ, reduces the generation of smut, obtain to kind of a soil；
(2) when planting: a greenhouse gardening will be carried out to kind of billets of cane, by the seeding row spacing to kind of soil be determined as 20 ~ 24cm ×
126 ~ 130cm increases seeding row spacing, reduces smut infectious rate between sugarcane, after trench digging, sprinkling mass fraction be 1.8% it is disease-resistant
Agent solution, the fountain height of disease-resistant agent solution are 100 ~ 120ml/m2, kill the germ in soil, after cane planting, every two
Garlic is planted according to conventional seeding row spacing between row, land utilization ratio is improved, avoids damage of successive crop, enhance the disease resistance of sugarcane,
It obtains sugarcane and garlic interplants greenhouse；
(3) after planting: the temperature in sugarcane and garlic interplanting greenhouse is adjusted to 8 DEG C, humidity 65%, is kept for 19 hours,
Then adjust temperature be 12 DEG C, humidity 66%, kept for 23 hours, then adjust temperature be 19 DEG C, humidity 71%, heat preservation is to sugarcane
It germinates with garlic, gradually adjusts greenhouse temperature, improve the germination percentage of sugarcane and garlic, enhance resistance, periodically sprinkled after germination
Antimicrobial.
The propolis solution of the step (1), temperature are 16 DEG C, and propolis is first dissolved in the dehydrated alcohol of 3 times of propolis weight amounts
In, it stirs evenly, distilled water is added, until mass concentration is 5%.
The deep ploughing of the step (1) sterilizes, and is that sugarcane top meal is broken to 1 ~ 2mm, water is added to mix thoroughly, until water content is 59%, adds
The EM bacterium for entering sugarcane top weight 5% stacks fermentation 11 days after mixing thoroughly, take out, and is spread on soil with 330kg/ mus, and deep plough 42 ~ 44cm,
It is exposed to the sun 2 days, lid mulch, until cultivation removes mulch in first 1 day.
The antiviral agents of the step (2), are made of raw material from the following weight: extra large mango leaf 27, hairyvein agrimony 26, willowweed
24, enchanter's nightshade 23, gerbera 23, leaf of Chinese ilex 19, bitter ground gallbladder 17, toad grass 17, hispid arthraxon 14, Kirilow Groundsel Herb 12, by the above raw material powder
60 mesh are broken to, are added the water of 45 times of all raw material gross weights amounts, the 1/5 of infusion original volume, filtering fries filter residue small fire to raw fragrant,
The volume fraction for adding 75 times of filter residue weight amounts is 66% alcoholic solution, and sealing is placed in 52 DEG C, 47kHz ultrasonic extraction 33 divides
Clock, filtering, for Chinese medicine slag as organic fertilizer, merging all Chinese medicine extracts and being dried to water content in 83 DEG C is 10%, is obtained disease-resistant
Agent.
The garlic of the step (2) is purple garlic.
The step (3) periodically sprinkles antimicrobial, Seedling Stage to tillering stage, the mass concentration of sprinkling in every 15 days
For 0.7% disease-resistant agent solution, in the elongation phase, the disease-resistant agent solution that the mass concentration of sprinkling in every 8 days is 0.6%, technique at
The ripe phase, the disease-resistant agent solution that the mass concentration of sprinkling in every 19 days is 0.5%, the antiviral agents are the antiviral agents of step (2).
The control method of the present embodiment smut of sugarcane, cultivation germination percentage reach 93.7%, and smut rate is reduced to 3%, phoenix
Pears disease rate is reduced to 13%, is able to suppress the generation of a variety of diseases, non agricultural chemical residuum.
Embodiment 3
A kind of control method of smut of sugarcane, comprising the following steps:
(1) before planting: select health, without the good sugarcane of disease pest, growing way, dissection prevents germ from breeding on whole sugarcane,
Infectious rate is reduced, billets of cane is placed in the baking oven that temperature is 54 DEG C and toasts 17 minutes by every section of bud eye, reduces sugarcane surface
Moisture, sugar content increase, and inhibit germ reproduction, take out, are immediately placed in propolis solution and impregnate 12 hours, increase small molecule battalion
It supports, enhances sugarcane resistance, promote sugarcane germination, obtain to kind of a billets of cane, plant first 19 days, soil is subjected to deep ploughing sterilizing, is killed
It goes out pedo relict germ, reduces the generation of smut, obtain to kind of a soil；
(2) when planting: a greenhouse gardening will be carried out to kind of billets of cane, by the seeding row spacing to kind of soil be determined as 20 ~ 24cm ×
126 ~ 130cm increases seeding row spacing, reduces smut infectious rate between sugarcane, after trench digging, sprinkling mass fraction be 1.9% it is disease-resistant
Agent solution, the fountain height of disease-resistant agent solution are 100 ~ 120ml/m2, kill the germ in soil, after cane planting, every two
Garlic is planted according to conventional seeding row spacing between row, land utilization ratio is improved, avoids damage of successive crop, enhance the disease resistance of sugarcane,
It obtains sugarcane and garlic interplants greenhouse；
(3) after planting: the temperature in sugarcane and garlic interplanting greenhouse is adjusted to 9 DEG C, humidity 66%, is kept for 20 hours,
Then adjust temperature be 13 DEG C, humidity 67%, kept for 24 hours, then adjust temperature be 20 DEG C, humidity 72%, heat preservation is to sugarcane
It germinates with garlic, gradually adjusts greenhouse temperature, improve the germination percentage of sugarcane and garlic, enhance resistance, periodically sprinkled after germination
Antimicrobial.
The propolis solution of the step (1), temperature are 17 DEG C, and propolis is first dissolved in the dehydrated alcohol of 4 times of propolis weight amounts
In, it stirs evenly, distilled water is added, until mass concentration is 6%.
The deep ploughing of the step (1) sterilizes, and is that sugarcane top meal is broken to 1 ~ 2mm, water is added to mix thoroughly, until water content is 60%, adds
The EM bacterium for entering sugarcane top weight 6% stacks fermentation 12 days after mixing thoroughly, take out, and is spread on soil with 350kg/ mus, and deep plough 42 ~ 44cm,
It is exposed to the sun 3 days, lid mulch, until cultivation removes mulch in first 1 day.
The antiviral agents of the step (2), are made of raw material from the following weight: extra large mango leaf 28, hairyvein agrimony 27, willowweed
25, enchanter's nightshade 24, gerbera 24, leaf of Chinese ilex 20, bitter ground gallbladder 18, toad grass 18, hispid arthraxon 15, Kirilow Groundsel Herb 13, by the above raw material powder
80 mesh are broken to, are added the water of 50 times of all raw material gross weights amounts, the 1/5 of infusion original volume, filtering fries filter residue small fire to raw fragrant,
The volume fraction for adding 80 times of filter residue weight amounts is 67% alcoholic solution, and sealing is placed in 53 DEG C, 48kHz ultrasonic extraction 35 divides
Clock, filtering, for Chinese medicine slag as organic fertilizer, merging all Chinese medicine extracts and being dried to water content in 84 DEG C is 11%, is obtained disease-resistant
Agent.
The garlic of the step (2) is purple garlic.
The step (3) periodically sprinkles antimicrobial, Seedling Stage to tillering stage, the mass concentration of sprinkling in every 16 days
For 0.8% disease-resistant agent solution, in the elongation phase, the disease-resistant agent solution that the mass concentration of sprinkling in every 9 days is 0.5 ~ 0.7%, in work
In the skill maturity period, the disease-resistant agent solution that the mass concentration of sprinkling in every 20 days is 0.6%, the antiviral agents are the disease-resistant of step (2)
Agent.
The control method of the present embodiment smut of sugarcane, cultivation germination percentage reach 94.8%, and smut rate is reduced to 2%, phoenix
Pears disease rate is reduced to 9%, is able to suppress the generation of a variety of diseases, non agricultural chemical residuum.
Comparative example 1
A kind of control method of smut of sugarcane, step (1) plant before sugarcane without dissection, drying and propolis solution at
Reason, remaining step is the same as embodiment 1.
The control method of this comparative example smut of sugarcane, cultivation germination percentage reach 89.5%, and smut rate is 8%, pineapple disease
Rate is 18%, non agricultural chemical residuum.
Comparative example 2
A kind of control method of smut of sugarcane, soil is without sterilizing, the same embodiment of remaining step before step (1) is planted
1。
The control method of this comparative example smut of sugarcane, cultivation germination percentage reach 90.7%, and smut rate is 7%, pineapple disease
Rate is 16%, non agricultural chemical residuum.
Comparative example 3
A kind of control method of smut of sugarcane, step (2) do not spray disease-resistant agent solution when planting, remaining step is the same as implementation
Example 1.
The control method of this comparative example smut of sugarcane, cultivation germination percentage reach 83.4%, and smut rate is 15%, pineapple disease
Rate is 18%, non agricultural chemical residuum.
Comparative example 4
A kind of control method of smut of sugarcane, step (2) do not interplant garlic when planting, remaining step is the same as embodiment 1.
The control method of this comparative example smut of sugarcane, cultivation germination percentage reach 92.3%, and smut rate is 6%, pineapple disease
Rate is 14%, non agricultural chemical residuum.
Comparative example 5
A kind of control method of smut of sugarcane does not adjust temperature gradually after step (3) plantation, and directly adjusting temperature is 18
DEG C, humidity 70%, remaining step is the same as embodiment 1.
The control method of this comparative example smut of sugarcane, cultivation germination percentage reach 87.4%, and smut rate is 7%, pineapple disease
Rate is 17%, non agricultural chemical residuum.
Comparative example 6
A kind of control method of smut of sugarcane irregularly sprays antimicrobial after step (3) plantation, remaining step is same
Embodiment 1.
The control method of this comparative example smut of sugarcane, cultivation germination percentage reach 93.2%, and smut rate is 14%, pineapple disease
Rate is 19%, non agricultural chemical residuum.
Comparative example 7
The conventional control method of existing smut of sugarcane.
The control method of this comparative example smut of sugarcane, cultivation germination percentage reach 85.5%, and smut rate is 22%, pineapple disease
Rate is 27%, there is pesticide residue.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of control method of smut of sugarcane, which comprises the following steps:
(1) before planting: selection health, without the good sugarcane of disease pest, growing way, billets of cane is placed in temperature by dissection, every section of bud eye
To be toasted 15 ~ 17 minutes in 52 ~ 54 DEG C of baking ovens, takes out, be immediately placed in propolis solution and impregnate 10 ~ 12 hours, obtain sweet wait plant
Sugarcane section plants first 17 ~ 19 days, soil is carried out deep ploughing sterilizing, is obtained to kind of a soil；
(2) when planting: a greenhouse gardening will be carried out to kind of billets of cane, by the seeding row spacing to kind of soil be determined as 20 ~ 24cm × 126 ~
130cm, after trench digging, the disease-resistant agent solution that sprinkling mass fraction is 1.7 ~ 1.9%, the fountain height of disease-resistant agent solution is 100 ~
120ml/m2, after cane planting, garlic is planted according to conventional seeding row spacing between every two row, sugarcane is obtained and garlic interplanting is big
Canopy；
(3) plant after: by sugarcane and garlic interplanting greenhouse in temperature be adjusted to 7 ~ 9 DEG C, humidity be 64 ~ 66%, keep 18 ~ 20
Hour, then adjust temperature be 11 ~ 13 DEG C, humidity be 65 ~ 67%, holding 22 ~ 24 hours, then adjust temperature for 18 ~ 20 DEG C, it is wet
Degree is 70 ~ 72%, and heat preservation to sugarcane and garlic germinate, and periodically sprinkles antimicrobial after germination；
The propolis solution of the step (1), temperature are 15 ~ 17 DEG C, and propolis is first dissolved in the dehydrated alcohol of 3 ~ 4 times of propolis weight amounts
In, it stirs evenly, distilled water is added, until mass concentration is 4 ~ 6%；
The deep ploughing of the step (1) sterilizes, and is that sugarcane top meal is broken to 1 ~ 2mm, water is added to mix thoroughly, until water content is 58 ~ 60%, adds
The EM bacterium for entering sugarcane top weight 4 ~ 6% stacks fermentation 10 ~ 12 days after mixing thoroughly, take out, be spread on soil with 300 ~ 350kg/ mus, deep ploughs
42 ~ 44cm is exposed to the sun 2 ~ 3 days, lid mulch, until cultivation removes mulch in first 1 day；
The antiviral agents of the step (2), are made of raw material from the following weight: extra large mango leaf 26 ~ 28, hairyvein agrimony 25 ~ 27, willow leaf
Dish 23 ~ 25, enchanter's nightshade 22 ~ 24, gerbera 22 ~ 24, leaf of Chinese ilex 18 ~ 20, bitter ground gallbladder 16 ~ 18, toad grass 16 ~ 18, hispid arthraxon 13 ~
15, the above raw material is crushed to 60 ~ 80 mesh by Kirilow Groundsel Herb 11 ~ 13, and the water of 40 ~ 50 times of all raw material gross weights amounts, infusion substance is added
Long-pending 1/5, filtering, it is 65 ~ 67% alcohol that filter residue small fire, which is fried, and adds the volume fraction of 70 ~ 80 times of filter residue weight amounts to raw perfume
Solution, sealing, is placed in 51 ~ 53 DEG C, 46 ~ 48kHz ultrasonic extraction 30 ~ 35 minutes, filters, and Chinese medicine slag merges as organic fertilizer
All Chinese medicine extracts and be dried in 82 ~ 84 DEG C water content be 9 ~ 11%, obtain antiviral agents；
The garlic of the step (2) is purple garlic；
The step (3) periodically sprinkles antimicrobial, Seedling Stage to tillering stage, the mass concentration of sprinkling in every 14 ~ 16 days
For 0.6 ~ 0.8% disease-resistant agent solution, in the elongation phase, the antiviral agents that the mass concentration of sprinkling in every 7 ~ 9 days is 0.5 ~ 0.7% are molten
Liquid, in technical maturity, the disease-resistant agent solution that the mass concentration of sprinkling in every 18 ~ 20 days is 0.4 ~ 0.6%, the antiviral agents
For the antiviral agents of step (2).
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