CN106236808A - 一种甜叶菊酚类提取物及其在抗炎制品中的应用 - Google Patents
一种甜叶菊酚类提取物及其在抗炎制品中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106236808A CN106236808A CN201610745221.0A CN201610745221A CN106236808A CN 106236808 A CN106236808 A CN 106236808A CN 201610745221 A CN201610745221 A CN 201610745221A CN 106236808 A CN106236808 A CN 106236808A
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- Prior art keywords
- stevia rebaudiana
- acid
- phenol extract
- rebaudiana phenol
- extract
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- DKVBOUDTNWVDEP-NJCHZNEYSA-N teicoplanin aglycone Chemical compound N([C@H](C(N[C@@H](C1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1C=1C(O)=CC=C2C=1)C(O)=O)=O)[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(C(=C1)Cl)OC=1C=C3C=C(C=1O)OC1=CC=C(C=C1Cl)C[C@H](C(=O)N1)NC([C@H](N)C=4C=C(O5)C(O)=CC=4)=O)C(=O)[C@@H]2NC(=O)[C@@H]3NC(=O)[C@@H]1C1=CC5=CC(O)=C1 DKVBOUDTNWVDEP-NJCHZNEYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种甜叶菊酚类提取物及其在抗炎制品中的应用,属植物提取物技术领域。本发明公布的甜叶菊酚类提取物主要成分为绿原酸类和黄酮类化合物。该甜叶菊酚类提取物能够显著抑制二甲苯致耳肿胀和角叉菜胶致足肿胀、抑制LPS诱导的巨噬细胞NO释放量并能降低血清中炎症因子NO的含量,具有良好的抗炎活性。本发明提供的甜叶菊酚类提取物具有原料来源丰富、易于产业化、无毒副作用等优点,作为抗炎制品使用具有广阔的开发和应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属植物提取物技术领域,涉及一种甜叶菊酚类提取物及其在抗炎制品中的应用。
背景技术
甜叶菊(Stevia rebaudiana)属菊科多年生草本植物,原产于南美巴拉圭和巴西,是目前已知甜度较高的糖料植物之一,已成为继蔗糖、甜菜糖之后的第三种天然糖源。目前,中国是世界最大的甜菊糖苷生产及供应国,占全球总量的80%以上。甜叶菊中除甜菊糖苷外还含有黄酮、绿原酸等多种成分,且这些成分具有重要的生物活性,如抗菌、降血压、降血脂等,在其发源地作为甜茶、药茶饮用已有一百多年的历史。
甜菊糖苷生产现多采用热水浸提,提取液经絮凝、树脂纯化和干燥制得。甜叶菊酚类物质在甜菊糖苷生产过程中作为杂质存在,需在后续工艺中将其去除,不仅造成资源的浪费,还对环境造成了极大的污染。本专利中,申请人对甜叶菊黄酮和绿原酸等甜叶菊酚类提取物的抗炎活性进行了考察,发现其具有显著的抗炎活性,为其在制备抗炎制品中的应用提供科学依据,亦为甜叶菊综合应用开发奠定了基础。
发明内容
为提高甜叶菊综合利用价值,本发明提供了一种甜叶菊酚类提取物,本发明另一个目的在于提供甜叶菊酚类提取物的抗炎活性及其在制备抗炎制品中的应用。
为实现上述发明目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:一种甜叶菊酚类提取物,所述提取物是以黄酮和绿原酸为主要成分的多酚类化合物。
本发明所述甜叶菊酚类提取物中包括黄酮含量为5.0-85.0wt%,绿原酸含量为10.0-90.0wt%。
本发明所述甜叶菊酚类提取物中黄酮成分为槲皮素、槲皮苷、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-阿拉伯糖苷、槲皮素-3-O-[4'''-O-反式-咖啡酰基-α-L-鼠李糖-(1→6)-β-D-半乳糖苷]、芹菜素、芹菜素-4'-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、木犀草素、木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷和山奈酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷中的任意一种或几种,苷元为槲皮素、山奈酚、芹菜素和木犀草素中的任意一种或几种。
本发明该甜叶菊酚类提取物中绿原酸成分为咖啡酸、3-咖啡酰基奎尼酸、4-咖啡酰基奎尼酸、5-咖啡酰基奎尼酸、3,4-二咖啡酰基奎尼酸、3,5-二咖啡酰基奎尼酸、4,5-二咖啡酰基奎尼酸、5-阿魏酰基奎尼酸中的任意一种或几种。
本发明所述甜叶菊酚类提取物制备方法如下:
(1)取甜菊叶原料,加水提取,提取液过陶瓷膜;
提取用水量为原料的10-30倍,提取温度为15-85℃,传统间歇提取三次或采用三级连续逆流提取,陶瓷膜选用膜管为5-100nm膜管;
(2)陶瓷膜透过液上大孔吸附树脂1吸附,碱洗,乙醇解析,解析液浓缩回收乙醇后分别过脱盐、脱色、精脱树脂,干燥得甜菊糖苷产品;
选用的吸附树脂为P20、ADS-4、69M、T28、DM30、001×6、001×8、201-H、SQ338、330中的任意一种或几种;碱洗液为NaOH、KOH、氨水中的一种或任意组合,质量浓度为0.2-2%的或pH8.5-9.5,碱洗液用量为1-3BV,速度为1-3BV/h;
(3)下柱水和调酸后碱洗液混合,上吸附树脂2,水洗,乙醇水溶液解析,浓缩回收溶剂,干燥得甜叶菊酚类提取物;
所用吸附树脂2为LX-200B、LX-2007、SD-300、LSA-21、HZ841中的一种或任意组合;下柱水和调酸后碱洗液上柱流速1-3BV/h,调酸用盐酸、硫酸、磷酸、醋酸、柠檬酸中的一种或几种,酸性溶液为摩尔浓度为0.1-18mol/L,调pH至0.5-6.5;水洗用量1-3BV,水洗流速1-3BV/h,解析用乙醇浓度为10-85%,用量为1-5BV,洗脱流速为1-3BV/h;浓缩采用薄膜浓缩、减压浓缩中的一种或组合;干燥采用喷雾干燥、脱味锅真空干燥、回转罐真空干燥、烘箱干燥中的一种或组合。
本发明的另一目的在于提供上述的甜叶菊酚类提取物在制备抗炎的药物或食品中的应用。
本发明所述的一种甜叶菊酚类提取物在制备巨噬细胞NO抑制剂的药物或食品中的应用。
本发明所述的一种甜叶菊酚类提取物在制备降低血清中NO含量的药物或食品中的应用。
本发明所述药物或食品是以甜叶菊酚类提取物为活性成分制备而成的口服剂、注射剂或外用制剂。
本发明所述甜叶菊酚类提取物在给药剂量≥5g/kg•bw时能够降低炎症小鼠血清中NO含量。
本发明的设计思路是:本发明从甜叶菊中提取得到的甜叶菊酚类提取物在制备抗炎制品中的应用,该甜叶菊酚类提取物包括黄酮含量为5.0-85.0wt%,绿原酸含量为10.0-90.0wt%。本发明证实,该甜叶菊酚类提取物具有显著抑制二甲苯致耳肿胀和角叉菜胶致足肿胀、抑制LPS诱导的巨噬细胞NO释放量并能降低血清中炎症因子NO的含量,具有良好的抗炎活性。
本发明甜叶菊酚类提取物中黄酮和绿原酸的检测方法参考专利201510339325.7中提供的黄酮和绿原酸的检测方法。
采用上述技术方案所产生的有益效果是:本发明提供的甜叶菊酚类提取物具有原料来源丰富、易于产业化、无毒副作用等优点,作为抗炎制品使用具有广阔的开发和应用前景。
附图说明
图1甜叶菊酚类提取物对小鼠巨噬细胞存活率(A)和NO生成量(B)的影响(n=6)。注:SPE甜叶菊酚类提取物;样品浓度200μg/mL。同一系列不同字母表示数据之间有显著性差异(P<0.05)。
具体实施方式
实施例1
本实施例提供了甜叶菊酚类提取物体外抗炎作用实验。
1.1实验材料
1.1.1试剂与仪器
甜叶菊酚类提取物;脂多糖(LPS),美国Sigma公司;绿原酸,成都曼斯特生物科技有限公司;NO、CCK-8试剂盒,碧云天生物技术研究所;小鼠饲料(碳水化合物64%,蛋白质21%,脂肪4%,纤维5%),北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司;其他试剂均为国产分析纯;SIGMA3K15台式离心机,北京五洲东方科技发展有限公司;HH-4数显恒温水浴锅,江苏省金坛市荣华仪器制造有限公司;Axiovert 200型倒置显微镜,德国Zeiss公司;Galaxy S型CO2培养箱,英国RS Biotech公司。
1.1.2动物
SPF级Balb/c雄性小鼠(6~8周龄),北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司,许可证号:SCXK(京)2012-0001。实验期间,动物饲养在温度为21±2℃,相对湿度40±5%,昼夜明暗交替时间为12h/12h,动物自由采食和饮水。
1.1.3甜叶菊酚类提取物的制备
称取100kg甜菊叶,加1.5m3水,65℃提取,重复提取三次,合并提取液,过5 nm陶瓷膜。透过液上201-H吸附树脂,1BV水洗,水洗流速1BV/h,1.5BV 0.4% NaOH水溶液洗,流速1BV/h,乙醇解析,解析液浓缩回收乙醇后分别过脱盐、脱色、精脱树脂,干燥得甜菊糖苷产品。
碱洗液用1mol/L的盐酸水溶液调pH至3.5,和下柱水混合,上吸附树脂SD-300,上柱流速1.5BV/h。2BV水洗,水洗流速1.5BV/h。2BV 50%乙醇水溶液解析,解析流速1BV/h。减压浓缩,回收乙醇溶剂,脱味锅真空干燥得甜叶菊多酚提取物2.0kg。检测甜叶菊酚类提取物总黄酮和总绿原酸含量分别为20%和75%,黄酮类成分为槲皮素、槲皮苷、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-阿拉伯糖苷、芹菜素、芹菜素-4'-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、木犀草素、木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷和山奈酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷;绿原酸成分为咖啡酸、3-咖啡酰基奎尼酸、4-咖啡酰基奎尼酸、5-咖啡酰基奎尼酸、3,4-二咖啡酰基奎尼酸、3,5-二咖啡酰基奎尼酸、4,5-二咖啡酰基奎尼酸、5-阿魏酰基奎尼酸。
1.1.4试验过程
Balb/c小鼠,于实验前3天腹腔注射1.5mL 6%肉汤淀粉溶液。用颈椎脱臼法处死小鼠,于无菌工作台上将其腹部皮肤剥离,用一次性注射器向腹腔内注入RPMI-1640培养液4mL,轻柔腹部2~3min,随后吸出腹部液体,1200rpm离心8min收集细胞。调整细胞密度为1×106个/mL,加入96孔细胞培养板中,每孔100μL,将细胞培养板放入37℃、5%CO2饱和湿度培养箱中培养2.5h,吸弃上清,用预温培养基洗去未贴壁细胞,再加入RPMI-1640完全培养液。随后,阳性对照组每孔加入10μL LPS(终浓度30μg/mL),试验孔加入10μL样品(终浓度200μg/mL),试验孔分为LPS与样品共同作用组和样品单独添加组两种,阴性对照孔、阳性对照孔和试验孔各设6个复孔,于37℃、5%CO2饱和湿度培养箱内培养。培养24h后收集上清液,选用NO试剂盒(Griess法)测定NO生成量。选用CCK-8试剂盒测定各组细胞存活率。
统计分析:每个实验至少重复3次,其中细胞实验重复6次,结果用平均值±SD表示。数据统计用SPSS 13.0统计软件进行处理,P<0.05具有显著性差异,P<0.01具有极显著性差异。
结果:样品浓度过高,大于细胞耐受程度对细胞产生毒害作用,无法真实反映样品的抗炎活性。采用CCK-8法测定甜叶菊酚类提取物对巨噬细胞存活率的影响,结果如图1A所示。甜叶菊酚类提取物(200μg/mL)和绿原酸(200μg/mL)对巨噬细胞和炎症巨噬细胞的存活率均有促进作用。表明,甜叶菊酚类提取物和绿原酸在200μg/mL时对巨噬细胞无毒性作用,可用于后续对抗炎活性的研究。
由图1B可以看出,在200μg/mL时,甜叶菊酚类提取物和绿原酸对正常巨噬细胞NO生成量没有影响。巨噬细胞经LPS诱导后发生炎症反应,NO生成量提高至47.9μM,约为正常巨噬细胞NO生成量(12.0μM)的4倍。甜叶菊酚类提取物和绿原酸对炎症巨噬细胞NO生成量有明显的抑制作用,其强弱顺序为:甜叶菊酚类提取物>绿原酸。该结果表明,甜叶菊酚类提取物可以抑制炎症环境下NO释放量,进而抑制炎症因子的产生,有效减轻炎症反应,发挥抗炎作用。在甜叶菊酚类提取物的作用下,NO生成量比炎症巨噬细胞降低了90.0%。研究显示,甜叶菊酚类提取物具有明显的抗炎活性。
实施例2
本实施例提供了甜叶菊酚类提取物体内抗炎作用实验。
2.1 实验材料
2.1.1试剂与仪器
甜叶菊酚类提取物;角叉菜胶,上海江莱生物科技有限公司;地塞米松,MYM生物技术有限公司;NO、CCK-8试剂盒,碧云天生物技术研究所;小鼠饲料(碳水化合物64%,蛋白质21%,脂肪4%,纤维5%),北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司;其他试剂均为国产分析纯;HH-4数显恒温水浴锅,江苏省金坛市荣华仪器制造有限公司;Axiovert 200型倒置显微镜,德国Zeiss公司。
2.1.2动物
SPF级ICR种雄性小鼠(18~22g),北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司,许可证号:SCXK(京)2012-0001。实验期间,动物饲养在温度为21±2℃,相对湿度40±5%,昼夜明暗交替时间为12h/12h,动物自由采食和饮水。
2.1.3甜叶菊酚类提取物的制备
称取100kg甜菊叶,加3.0m3水,60℃三级连续逆流提取,提取液过50 nm陶瓷膜。透过液上T28吸附树脂,1.5BV水洗,水洗流速1BV/h,1.5BV pH = 9.0的氨水溶液洗,流速1BV/h,乙醇解析,解析液浓缩回收乙醇后分别过脱盐、脱色、精脱树脂,干燥得甜菊糖苷产品。
碱洗液用18mol/L的硫酸溶液调pH至5.0,和下柱水混合,上吸附树脂HZ 841,上柱流速1.0BV/h。3BV水洗,水洗流速2.0 BV/h。2BV 65%乙醇水溶液解析,解析流速1.5BV/h。减压浓缩,回收乙醇溶剂,喷雾干燥得甜叶菊多酚提取物3.0kg。检测甜叶菊酚类提取物总黄酮和总绿原酸含量分别为15%和60%,黄酮类成分为槲皮素、槲皮苷、芹菜素、芹菜素-4'-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、木犀草素和山奈酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷;绿原酸成分为咖啡酸、3-咖啡酰基奎尼酸、4-咖啡酰基奎尼酸、5-咖啡酰基奎尼酸、3,4-二咖啡酰基奎尼酸、3,5-二咖啡酰基奎尼酸、4,5-二咖啡酰基奎尼酸、5-阿魏酰基奎尼酸。
2.1.4实验过程
甜叶菊酚类提取物对二甲苯致炎的抗炎作用评价实验:60只雄性ICR小鼠(18~22g)随机分为模型组(饮用水),阳性组(10mg/kg•bw地塞米松),甜叶菊酚类提取物低剂量组(5g/kg•bw)、甜叶菊酚类提取物高剂量组(20g/kg•bw)等4组,每组10只。每天灌胃一次,连续7天。末次给药30min后,用微量进样器吸取二甲苯,在小鼠右耳前后两面涂布,每面各0.02ml,左耳不作任何处理。1h后处死小鼠,剪下双耳,用直径6mm打孔器分别在同一部位打下圆耳片,并迅速称重,以左右耳片重量之差为肿胀度,计算各组肿胀度值及耳肿胀抑制率。
甜叶菊酚类提取物对角叉菜胶致炎的抗炎作用评价实验:按照二甲苯致炎作用评价分组,末次给药后 30min,在每鼠左侧足趾皮下注射 1%角叉菜胶25µL致炎,右侧足趾不做任何处理,4h后用游标卡尺测量左右足趾的厚度,以左右后肢厚度之差表示炎症肿胀度,计算各组肿胀度值及耳肿胀抑制率。同时,常规制备血清,依照试剂盒说明测定小鼠血清中的NO含量。
统计分析:每个实验至少重复3次,其中细胞实验重复6次,结果用平均值±SD表示。数据统计用SPSS 13.0统计软件进行处理,P<0.05具有显著性差异,P<0.01具有极显著性差异。
表1甜叶菊酚类提取物对小鼠耳肿胀和足肿胀的影响(n=10)
注:SPE,甜叶菊酚类提取物; 与模型组比较,* P<0.05,** P<0.01。
结果:甜叶菊酚类提取物对小鼠二甲苯致耳肿胀及角叉菜胶致足肿胀的影响,结果见表1。与空白对照组比较,地塞米松和甜叶菊酚类提取物对二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀、角叉菜胶致小鼠足肿胀均有明显的抑制作用。甜叶菊酚类提取物高剂量组的抗炎效果强于低剂量组。甜叶菊酚类提取物(20g/kg•bw)组对小鼠耳肿胀和足肿胀的抑制率分别可达88.2%和80.4%。角叉菜胶诱导的小鼠足肿胀是研究物质抗炎活性的经典方法,该模型为急性非特异性炎症模型,巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞等炎细胞被激活释放大量的组胺、PGE2、NO等炎症介质,引起局部充血、水肿、渗出等病理过程。而体内NO的异常升高,还可促进PGE2、TNF-α、IL-1等炎症介质的释放,加重炎症反应。甜叶菊酚类提取物在20g/kg•bw时能够显著降低炎症小鼠血清中NO含量,说明能够减少炎症反应。实验结果表明,甜叶菊酚类提取物的体内的抗炎活性较好。
Claims (9)
1.一种甜叶菊酚类提取物,其特征在于,所述提取物是以黄酮和绿原酸为主要成分的多酚类化合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种甜叶菊酚类提取物,其特征在于,所述甜叶菊酚类提取物中包括黄酮含量为5.0-85.0wt%,绿原酸含量为10.0-90.0wt%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种甜叶菊酚类提取物,其特征在于,所述甜叶菊酚类提取物中黄酮成分为槲皮素、槲皮苷、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-阿拉伯糖苷、槲皮素-3-O-[4'''-O-反式-咖啡酰基-α-L-鼠李糖-(1→6)-β-D-半乳糖苷]、芹菜素、芹菜素-4'-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、木犀草素、木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷和山奈酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷中的任意一种或几种,苷元为槲皮素、山奈酚、芹菜素和木犀草素中的任意一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种甜叶菊酚类提取物,其特征在于,该甜叶菊酚类提取物中绿原酸成分为咖啡酸、3-咖啡酰基奎尼酸、4-咖啡酰基奎尼酸、5-咖啡酰基奎尼酸、3,4-二咖啡酰基奎尼酸、3,5-二咖啡酰基奎尼酸、4,5-二咖啡酰基奎尼酸、5-阿魏酰基奎尼酸中的任意一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1-4任意一项所述的一种甜叶菊酚类提取物,其特征在于,所述甜叶菊酚类提取物制备方法如下:
(1)取甜菊叶原料,加水提取,提取液过陶瓷膜;
提取用水量为原料的10-30倍,提取温度为15-85℃,传统间歇提取三次或采用三级连续逆流提取,陶瓷膜选用膜管为5-100nm膜管;
(2)陶瓷膜透过液上大孔吸附树脂1吸附,碱洗,乙醇解析,解析液浓缩回收乙醇后分别过脱盐、脱色、精脱树脂,干燥得甜菊糖苷产品;
选用的吸附树脂为P20、ADS-4、69M、T28、DM30、001×6、001×8、201-H、SQ338、330中的任意一种或几种;碱洗液为NaOH、KOH、氨水中的一种或任意组合,质量浓度为0.2-2%的或pH8.5-9.5,碱洗液用量为1-3BV,速度为1-3BV/h;
(3)下柱水和调酸后碱洗液混合,上吸附树脂2,水洗,乙醇水溶液解析,浓缩回收溶剂,干燥得甜叶菊酚类提取物;
所用吸附树脂2为LX-200B、LX-2007、SD-300、LSA-21、HZ841中的一种或任意组合;下柱水和调酸后碱洗液上柱流速1-3BV/h,调酸用盐酸、硫酸、磷酸、醋酸、柠檬酸中的一种或几种,酸性溶液为摩尔浓度为0.1-18mol/L,调pH至0.5-6.5;水洗用量1-3BV,水洗流速1-3BV/h,解析用乙醇浓度为10-85%,用量为1-5BV,洗脱流速为1-3BV/h;浓缩采用薄膜浓缩、减压浓缩中的一种或组合;干燥采用喷雾干燥、脱味锅真空干燥、回转罐真空干燥、烘箱干燥中的一种或组合。
6.基于权利要求1-5任意一项所述的一种甜叶菊酚类提取物在制备抗炎的药物或食品中的应用。
7.基于权利要求1-5任意一项所述的一种甜叶菊酚类提取物在制备巨噬细胞NO抑制剂的药物或食品中的应用。
8.基于权利要求1-5任意一项所述的一种甜叶菊酚类提取物在制备降低血清中NO含量的药物或食品中的应用。
9.根据权利要求6-8所述的应用,其特征在于,所述药物或食品是以甜叶菊酚类提取物为活性成分制备而成的口服剂、注射剂或外用制剂。
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