CN106212336A - A kind of mountain area rice field fish culture water level management method and Field structure - Google Patents
A kind of mountain area rice field fish culture water level management method and Field structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN106212336A CN106212336A CN201610614627.5A CN201610614627A CN106212336A CN 106212336 A CN106212336 A CN 106212336A CN 201610614627 A CN201610614627 A CN 201610614627A CN 106212336 A CN106212336 A CN 106212336A
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title claims description 11
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- UZVHFVZFNXBMQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butalbital Chemical compound CC(C)CC1(CC=C)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O UZVHFVZFNXBMQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 241000276569 Oryzias latipes Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000013370 mutualism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 5
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of mountain area rice field fish culture water level management method and Field structure, this Field structure includes outer ridge, ridge in the inner side of ridge is provided with a circle outside, it is provided with paddy fields within interior ridge, between ridge and interior ridge, excavation has profundal zone, rice field outside, the outside of ridge is provided with gutter outside, the water level management pipeline connected with gutter or adjacent low degree rice field is installed in profundal zone, rice field, at the diagonal angle of profundal zone, rice field, is respectively arranged with water inlet and outlet.The present invention is according to the feature in rice field, mountain area, ridge in a circle is set up in the inner side of the outer ridge in rice field, it is provided with paddy fields within interior ridge, between ridge and interior ridge, excavation has profundal zone, rice field outside, the most just can in paddy fields rice cultivation, breed fish in profundal zone, rice field simultaneously, and Fish can be movable in paddy fields and profundal zone, rice field, reaches the cultivation purpose of rice fish mutualism.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mountain area rice field fish culture water level management method and Field structure, belong to ecological aquaculture cultural technique
Field.
Background technology
Rice field fish culture has long history in China, is one of the major way of China's freshwater fish culturing.Rice field fish culture
Be by utilizing rice field shallow-water environment, while rice cultivation, also cultivate the aquatic products such as fish, shrimp, its small investment, instant effect,
Nuisanceless, profitable, there is vast potential for future development.Rice field fish culture is based on Rice Cropping, and aquaculture product is auxiliary, with rice field
Fish of breeding fish supports rice, and the good harvest of increasing yield of paddy fish is guiding theory, makes full use of rice field, and fish rice also makees, and can not only play off one against another, moreover it is possible to
Make increasing production of rice, be typical green non-pollution, low-carbon agriculture.Utilize the most newly-built rice fish mutualism relation, by original rice
Field is ecological to be converted to direction advantageously, without, under pesticide, nothing or few chemical fertilizer premise, improving rice quality, cultivate simultaneously
The aquatic products such as fish, shrimp also can bring economic worth, becomes the people and gets rich one of strategic road, therefore, receives people in recent years
Strong interest.
Under the environmental condition of Guizhou mountainous area, rice field field area is little, and face, field height differs, it is impossible to by rice field integration or flat
Integralization, there is water level in paddy field, to control difficulty big, and draining is inconvenient, the problem such as takes time and effort, and ultimately resulting in labour force increases, operation
Difficulty increases, and aquaculture cost increases, and what these problems were serious governs the development of this industry, therefore, in mountain area paddy field aquaculture mistake
Cheng Zhong, this difficult problem in the urgent need to address.Therefore, it is necessary to find water lev el control and the draining side of a kind of mountain area rice field fish culture
Method, to reduce aquaculture cost and to simplify cultivating link.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the problems referred to above existed for the cultivation of mountain area rice fish mutualism, it is provided that a kind of mountain area rice field fish culture
Water level management method and Field structure, thus improve rice field fish culture water lev el control operability, improve mountain area Different Plane
The globality of rice field fish culture, improves simplicity and the completeness of draining, simultaneously facilitates receipts fish and changes the new water of note, existing to overcome
The deficiency of technology.
Technical scheme: a kind of mountain area rice field fish culture water level management method, comprises the following steps:
(1) structure of paddy fields: building paddy fields away from edge, rice field ridge 2～3m, isolating
Paddy fields surrounding builds interior ridge, and interior ridge high 10～20cm, wide 5～10cm, the interior ridge of this paddy fields is by pine
Soft paddy soils is constituted, and height is less than edge, rice field ridge 30～40cm；
(2) outside paddy fields, profundal zone is built: build rice between edge, rice field ridge outside above-mentioned paddy fields
Profundal zone, field, bottom profundal zone, described rice field wide 0.5～1.5m, side, both sides becomes 45 degree angles to be inclined upwardly the extension formation gradient；
(3) gutter is built: build gutter in ridge periphery, edge, rice field, and gutter is less than the end of profundal zone, rice field
Portion, its wide 20～30cm, high 10～20cm, for draining；
(4) mountain area Different Plane water level in paddy field regulation and control Pipe installing: install water level management pipeline, caliber in profundal zone, rice field
Depending on rice field area size, 1 mu of rice field uses 10～15cm calibers, and water level management pipeline one end stands erect deep in rice field
The low-lying place in pool, is used for regulating and controlling water level in paddy field height, and the other end leads to gutter or other low degree rice fields, passes through water level
The rice field of Different Plane can be together in series by regulation and control pipeline, forms cultivation miniflow water, and the water level management pipeline end that stands erect can pass through
Sleeve pipe is independently raised and lowered.
(5) daily management: every day is according to situations such as Oryza sativa L. growing way situation, fish size, temperature Change and rich water sterilizations, logical
Cross water level management pipeline reasonable adjusting water level, i.e. at the paddy growth initial stage, make the water level in paddy fields keep 3～5cm, allow
Oryza sativa L. turns green as early as possible；At paddy growth middle and late stage, water level is maintained at 12～15cm, makes Fish deep in paddy fields and rice field
In pool, activity, reaches the cultivation purpose of rice fish mutualism.
In said method, described edge, rice field ridge is provided with and prevents escaping net.
In said method, described water level management pipeline is the square bend pipe using polyethylene tube to be made, at it
The end that stands erect is provided with the sleeve pipe that can slide, and for regulating the level height of water level management pipeline, thus reaches water level regulation
Purpose.
Meanwhile, the present invention also provides for a kind of Field structure for realizing said method, including outer ridge, and ridge outside
Inner side is provided with ridge in a circle, is provided with paddy fields within interior ridge, and between ridge and interior ridge, excavation has outside
Profundal zone, rice field, the outside of ridge is provided with gutter outside, is provided with and gutter or adjacent low in profundal zone, rice field
The water level management pipeline that plane rice field connects, is respectively arranged with water inlet and outlet at the diagonal angle of profundal zone, rice field.
In above-mentioned Field structure, described outer ridge higher than interior ridge 10～20cm.
In above-mentioned Field structure, the periphery of described interior ridge be provided with more than one enter fish passage, and enter fish passage
Bottom is concordant with the bottom of paddy fields.
In above-mentioned Field structure, the end that stands erect of described water level management pipeline is provided with the sleeve pipe that can slide, and sleeve pipe leads to
Cross bracing frame to be fixedly mounted in profundal zone, rice field, the outer wall of sleeve pipe is provided with lock-screw.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that: the present invention is according to the feature in rice field, mountain area, in the outer field in rice field
Ridge in a circle is set up in the inner side on the ridge, is provided with paddy fields within interior ridge, excavates outside between ridge and interior ridge
Have a profundal zone, rice field, the most just can in paddy fields rice cultivation, breed fish in profundal zone, rice field simultaneously, and Fish can
In paddy fields and profundal zone, rice field, activity, reaches the cultivation purpose of rice fish mutualism.Meanwhile, the present invention is adjusted by water level
Keyholed back plate road regulates the water level in rice field, and can be together in series in the rice field of Different Plane, forms cultivation miniflow water, to meet not
Cultivating with the rice fish mutualism of rice growing season, therefore, the rice fish mutualism cultural method of the present invention is simple to operate, it is convenient to implement, rice
Profundal zone, field excavation, rice harvesting all can use machinery to complete, and are conducive to promoting on a large scale, can save for mountain area
The biggest cost.Meanwhile, the present invention makes full use of the energy Flow relation in rice fish mutualism cultivation, i.e. fish and utilizes that Tanaka's is miscellaneous
Grass, insect etc. are food, and the feces that fish produces can save the costs such as fertilizer, pesticide, weeding as the fertilizer of Oryza sativa L..
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Field structure in invention；
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1.
Description of reference numerals: edge, 1-rice field ridge, ridge in 2-, profundal zone, 3-rice field, 4-gutter, 5-water level management
Pipeline, 6-water inlet, 7-outlet, 8-enters fish passage, 9-paddy fields, 10-sleeve pipe, 11-bracing frame, 12-lock-screw.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is made into one
The detailed description of step.
Embodiments of the invention: mountain area rice field fish culture water level management method, comprise the following steps:
(1) structure of paddy fields: build paddy fields 9 away from the 2m from edge, rice field ridge 1, isolate
Paddy fields 9 surrounding builds interior ridge 2, and the interior high 10cm of ridge 2, wide 5cm, the interior ridge 2 of this paddy fields 9 is by soft rice
Field soil is constituted, than the low 40cm of edge, rice field ridge 1；
(2) outside paddy fields, profundal zone is built: build between edge, rice field ridge 1 outside above-mentioned paddy fields 9
Profundal zone, rice field 3, bottom profundal zone, described rice field 3 wide 0.5～1.5m, side, both sides becomes 45 degree angles to be inclined upwardly extension formation slope
Degree, and be provided with on edge, rice field ridge 1 and anti-escape net, prevent the Fish of cultivation or shrimp from running out of；
(3) gutter is built: build gutter 4 in ridge 1 periphery, edge, rice field, gutter 4 is less than profundal zone, rice field 3
Bottom, its wide 20～30cm, high 10～20cm, for draining；
(4) mountain area Different Plane water level in paddy field regulation and control Pipe installing: install water level management pipeline 5 in profundal zone, rice field 3, pipe
Depending on footpath is according to rice field area size, 1 mu of rice field uses 10～15cm calibers, and water level management pipeline 5 one end stands erect rice
The low-lying place of profundal zone, field 3, is used for regulating and controlling water level in paddy field height, and the other end leads to gutter 4 or other low degree rice fields, logical
Cross water level management pipeline 5 can be together in series in the rice field of Different Plane, form cultivation miniflow water；Described water level management pipeline 5
It is the square bend pipe using polyethylene tube to be made, its end that stands erect is provided with the sleeve pipe 10 that can slide, water can be made
Position regulation and control pipeline 5 is independently raised and lowered, thus reaches the purpose of water level regulation.
(5) daily management: every day is according to situations such as Oryza sativa L. growing way situation, fish size, temperature Change and rich water sterilizations, logical
Cross water level management pipeline 5 reasonable adjusting water level, i.e. at the paddy growth initial stage, make the water level in paddy fields 9 keep 3cm, allow
Oryza sativa L. turns green as early as possible；At paddy growth middle and late stage, water level is maintained at 12cm, makes Fish at paddy fields 9 and rice field deep water
In district 3, activity, reaches the cultivation purpose of rice fish mutualism.
The rice fish mutualism cultural method of the present invention is simple to operate, it is convenient to implement, and profundal zone, rice field 3 is excavated, rice gathers in all
Machinery can be used to complete, be conducive to promoting on a large scale, the biggest cost can be saved for mountain area.Meanwhile, this
The bright energy Flow relation made full use of in rice fish mutualism cultivation, i.e. fish utilize the weeds of Tanaka, insect etc. for food, and fish produces
Feces can save the costs such as fertilizer, pesticide, weeding as the fertilizer of Oryza sativa L..
Seeing Fig. 1, the present invention also provides for a kind of Field structure for realizing said method, including outer ridge 1, field outside
The inner side on the ridge 1 is provided with ridge 2 in a circle, and described outer ridge 1 is than the interior high 10cm of ridge 2；It is provided with water within interior ridge 2
Rice growing area 9, between ridge 1 and interior ridge 2, excavation has profundal zone, rice field 3 outside, for the ease of Fish and current from rice field
Profundal zone 3 enters paddy fields 9, can arrange into fish passage 8 at the periphery of interior ridge 2, and enter bottom and the Oryza sativa L. of fish passage 8
The bottom of growing area 9 is concordant；It addition, the outside of ridge 1 is provided with gutter 4 outside, it is provided with in profundal zone, rice field 3 and arranges
The water level management pipeline 5 that ditch 4 or adjacent low degree rice field connect, the end that stands erect of described water level management pipeline 5 is provided with
The sleeve pipe 10 that can slide, sleeve pipe 10 is fixedly mounted in profundal zone, rice field 3 by bracing frame 11, sets on the outer wall of sleeve pipe 10
It is equipped with lock-screw 12, when after the height regulating water level management pipeline 5, by the lock-screw 12 on sleeve pipe 10 outer wall by it
It is fixed on sleeve pipe 10.Finally, at the diagonal angle of profundal zone, rice field 3, water inlet 6 and outlet 7 it are respectively arranged with, for rice field
The introduction of current and discharge.
Claims (7)
1. a mountain area rice field fish culture water level management method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) structure of paddy fields: building paddy fields, the Oryza sativa L. isolated away from edge, rice field ridge 2～3m
Growing area surrounding builds interior ridge, and interior ridge high 10～20cm, wide 5～10cm, the interior ridge of this paddy fields is by soft rice
Field soil is constituted, and height is less than edge, rice field ridge 30～40cm；
(2) outside paddy fields, profundal zone is built: deep to construction rice field between edge, rice field ridge above-mentioned paddy fields outside
Pool, bottom profundal zone, described rice field wide 0.5～1.5m, side, both sides becomes 45 degree angles to be inclined upwardly the extension formation gradient；
(3) gutter is built: build gutter in ridge periphery, edge, rice field, and gutter is less than the bottom of profundal zone, rice field, its
Wide 20～30cm, high 10～20cm, for draining；
(4) mountain area Different Plane water level in paddy field regulation and control Pipe installing: profundal zone, rice field install water level management pipeline, caliber according to
Depending on rice field area size, 1 mu of rice field uses 10～15cm calibers, and water level management pipeline one end stands erect in profundal zone, rice field
Low-lying place, be used for regulating and controlling water level in paddy field height, the other end leads to gutter or other low degree rice fields, passes through water level management
The rice field of Different Plane can be together in series by pipeline, forms cultivation miniflow water, and the water level management pipeline end that stands erect can pass through sleeve pipe
Independently it is raised and lowered.
(5) daily management: every day, according to situations such as Oryza sativa L. growing way situation, fish size, temperature Change and rich water sterilizations, passes through water
Position regulation and control pipeline reasonable adjusting water level, i.e. at the paddy growth initial stage, makes water level in paddy fields keep 3～5cm, allows Oryza sativa L.
Turn green as early as possible；At paddy growth middle and late stage, water level is maintained at 12～15cm, makes Fish in paddy fields and profundal zone, rice field
Interior activity, reaches the cultivation purpose of rice fish mutualism.
Mountain area the most according to claim 1 rice field fish culture water level management method, it is characterised in that: described field, edge, rice field
It is provided with on the ridge and prevents escaping net.
Mountain area the most according to claim 1 rice field fish culture water level management method, it is characterised in that: described water level management
Pipeline is the square bend pipe using polyethylene tube to be made, and its end that stands erect is provided with the sleeve pipe that can slide, is used for adjusting
The level height of water saving position regulation and control pipeline, thus reach the purpose of water level regulation.
4. for realizing a Field structure for method described in claims 1 to 3 any one, including outer ridge (1), its feature
It is: ridge (2) in the inner side of ridge (1) is provided with a circle outside, within interior ridge (2), is provided with paddy fields (9),
Between ridge (1) and interior ridge (2), excavation has profundal zone, rice field (3) outside, and the outside of ridge (1) is provided with gutter outside
(4), the water level management pipeline connected with gutter (4) or adjacent low degree rice field is installed in profundal zone, rice field (3)
(5) at the diagonal angle of profundal zone, rice field (3), it is respectively arranged with water inlet (6) and outlet (7).
Field structure the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described outer ridge (1) than interior ridge (2) high 10～
20cm。
Field structure the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the periphery of described interior ridge (2) be provided with one with
On enter fish passage (8), and the bottom entering fish passage (8) is concordant with the bottom of paddy fields (9).
Field structure the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the end that stands erect of described water level management pipeline (5) sets
Being equipped with the sleeve pipe (10) that can slide, sleeve pipe (10) is fixedly mounted in profundal zone, rice field (3) by bracing frame (11), at sleeve pipe
(10) lock-screw (12) it is provided with on outer wall.
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| CN201610614627.5A CN106212336A (en) | 2016-07-31 | 2016-07-31 | A kind of mountain area rice field fish culture water level management method and Field structure |
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| CN201610614627.5A CN106212336A (en) | 2016-07-31 | 2016-07-31 | A kind of mountain area rice field fish culture water level management method and Field structure |
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| CN107301481A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-10-27 | 江苏省水利科学研究院 | A kind of ecological farm field needs water forecast system, Calculating model and needs water forecasting procedure |
| CN107873607A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-06 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | A kind of sulfate type saline-alkaline pond constructing system and ecologic breeding implantation methods |
| CN108703040A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-10-26 | 中国水稻研究所 | A kind of quick irrigation device in rice field experimental plot |
| CN108739614A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-11-06 | 湖南文理学院 | One kind being based on rice field fish culture water level management equipment |
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