CN106197944B - Simulate the testing system apparatus and method of complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults - Google Patents
Simulate the testing system apparatus and method of complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults Download PDFInfo
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- CN106197944B CN106197944B CN201610549967.4A CN201610549967A CN106197944B CN 106197944 B CN106197944 B CN 106197944B CN 201610549967 A CN201610549967 A CN 201610549967A CN 106197944 B CN106197944 B CN 106197944B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of testing system apparatus and method of simulation complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults, device includes model test box, tomography cause calamity construction system, groundwater flow modeling system, waterpower loading system, top load control system, data acquisition and monitoring system, gushing water mixture recovery system and view recording system；The pre-buried setting of data acquisition and monitoring system causes calamity to construct internal system in tomography, tomography causes calamity construction system to be arranged inside model test box, top load control system is arranged with model test box top-loaded, it is connected to inside groundwater flow modeling system and model test box, waterpower loading system is connect with groundwater flow modeling system, gushing water mixture recovery system is connect with model test box drain outlet, and view recording system records entire gushing water and calamity is caused to test process.The method that apparatus of the present invention are realized can simulate the Faults in Tunnels gushing water under the multifactor controls such as different fault belts, different hydraulics and different edpth of tunnels.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Tunnel Engineering geological disaster model test fields, and in particular to one kind is suitable for simulating different tomographies
Cause the multifunction test device and method of the Faults in Tunnels gushing water in the case of calamity construction, different hydraulics, different buried depth.
Background technology
In recent decades, the great infrastructure such as China's communications and transportation flourishes.To the year two thousand twenty, China's highway and
Railway will be more than 120,000 kilometers, and railway tunnel is up to 10,000 kilometers.Large quantities of profound tunnels of high risk will be built, these
Tunnel have " buried depth is big, hole line length, high stress, high hydraulic pressure and geological structure it is complicated " distinguishing feature.Gushing water is profound tunnel
The Serious geological disasters frequently encountered in process of construction account for about the 40% of all kinds of disasters according to incompletely statistics.
Tunnel gushing water can be divided into 2 major class：Caused gushing water, i.e. hydraulic fracture type first, rockmass crack develops.Separately
One is Geological Defects type gushing water, fault belt is that the typical of this kind of Water Inrush Patterns causes calamity construction.Shear-zone rock mass often has
There is broken, granular media structure, and most waterys are good.Tunnel is built in rich water fault belt area, and when construction easily occurs
Gushing water, prominent mud, it is very big to tunnel construction security implication, gently then cause construction delay, equipment damage, it is heavy then jeopardize construction personnel's
Safety of life and property.
Faults in Tunnels gushing water is under multiple physical field coupling as a result, its influence factor is numerous, genesis mechanism is complicated.Cause
This, seepage flow gushing water process of research tunnel under the conditions of multifactor is of great significance, it helps discloses complex condition
Tunnel gushing water catastrophe evolution mechanism.Currently, it is main or based on numerical simulation for the research of Faults in Tunnels gushing water, due to lacking
Weary corresponding experimental rig, model investigation relatively lag behind.Realize the test simulation of inrush through faults, being badly in need of research and development can integrate
Realize the experimental rig that fault parameters accurately sets, complicated hydraulics and engineering geological condition are simulated.
Invention content
Goal of the invention：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is deep that the present invention provides a kind of simulation complex condition
The testing system apparatus and method for burying Faults in Tunnels gushing water can simulate different fault belts, different hydraulics and not
With the Faults in Tunnels gushing water under the multifactor control such as edpth of tunnel, simple in structure, test result is accurate.
Technical solution：To achieve the above object, technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of testing system apparatus of simulation complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults, including model test box, tomography
Cause calamity construction system, groundwater flow modeling system, waterpower loading system, top load control system, data acquisition and monitoring system
System, gushing water mixture recovery system and view recording system；The pre-buried setting of data acquisition and monitoring system causes calamity structure in tomography
Internal system is made, the tomography causes calamity construction system to be arranged inside model test box, the top load control system and mould
Type chamber top-loaded is arranged, and is connected to inside the groundwater flow modeling system and model test box, the waterpower load
System is connect with groundwater flow modeling system, the permission drain outlet of the gushing water mixture recovery system and model test box
Connection before the view recording system is erected at model test box, records entire gushing water and causes calamity experiment process.
Further, the model test box includes model casing slot, armorplate glass, bolt and sealing strip, the model
Case slot is cube structure, prefabricated tunnel section in the tempered glass plate face, close by sealing strip and bolt and model casing slot
Envelope connection.
Further, it includes slidingtype tomography belt supporting frame, sliding panel, fault belt phase that the tomography, which causes calamity construction system,
Like Rock soil similar material around material and tomography, sliding there are one settings is slided in the both sides of the slidingtype tomography belt supporting frame respectively
Plate, two sliding panels will be divided into three parts, the wherein similar material of middle section filling fault belt inside model test box
Material, two rim portions fill Rock soil similar material around tomography.The fault belt analog material is prepared by talcum powder, stone
It forms, wherein H:Z=9:1；Using yellow ground, talcum powder and cement as major ingredient, hydraulic oil and water are Rock soil similar material around tomography
Conditioning agent is formulated, wherein S:H:N=10:1:0.6.
Further, the slidingtype tomography belt supporting frame includes sliding rail angle steel with a scale, sliding rail steel plate with a scale, band sliding rail
Angle steel, the special angle steel in lower part, the special angle steel in top and with nut bore inclinometer；Two sliding rail angle steel with a scale are mutually parallel
Setting is vertically connected in bottom plane, and with two special angle steel in lower part arranged in parallel in same bottom plane, structure
At tomography belt supporting frame bottom surface；Four bottom ends with sliding rail angle steel pass through band nut with two sliding rail angle steel with a scale respectively
Orifice angle instrument is adjusted by rotation angle connection in the vertical direction, and two bottom ends with sliding rail angle steel respectively can be along the band
Sliding rail horizontal direction movement on scale sliding rail angle steel, two pieces of sliding panels slide up and down with two band sliding rail angle steel set respectively
It sets；Four tops with sliding rail angle steel respectively with described two disposed in parallel sliding rail steel with a scale of sliding rail angle steel with a scale
Plate connects, and the top with sliding rail angle steel can be moved along the sliding rail horizontal direction on the sliding rail steel plate with a scale, and two
The both ends of the sliding rail steel plate with a scale with the special angle steel vertical connection in top that is mutually parallel, are constituted on tomography belt supporting frame respectively
Bottom surface；The distance between two described sliding panels, the inclination angle of two sliding panels and sliding rail angle steel with a scale and sliding rail with a scale
Relative altitude between steel plate can be adjusted accurately.
Further, the groundwater flow modeling system includes seepage flow water pipe, control valve and porous disc, the model examination
Tryoff bottom is laid with porous disc, and the seepage flow water pipe is connected with the side of porous disc and model test box respectively by control valve
It connects.
Further, the waterpower loading system includes water tank, high-pressure hydraulic pump and connection water pipe with a scale, described with a scale
A certain amount of red ink is pumped by red ink control system and is stirred evenly in water tank, the water tank with a scale connects with high-pressure hydraulic pump
Connect, the high-pressure hydraulic pump with connect water pipe connection, the connection water pipe is connected with pressure gauge and flowmeter, respectively with each seepage water
Pipe connects.
Further, the top load control system includes uniformly distributed beam, hydraulic jack, automatic control cabinet and counter-force
Frame, by automatic control cabinet, hydraulic jack and reaction frame to the uniformly distributed beam load in model casing groove top portion is arranged.
Further, the data acquisition and monitoring system includes stress meter, displacement meter and pore pressure gauge, the stress
Meter, displacement meter and pore pressure gauge be embedded in tomography cause calamity construction system fault belt analog material and and tomography around
In Rock soil similar material；The view recording system includes video camera；The stress meter, displacement meter, pore pressure gauge and
The signal output end of video camera transmits with the signal input part of computer connect respectively.
Further, the gushing water mixture recovery system includes waste liquid barrel, shaker screen, baking oven and electronic scale,
The waste liquid barrel is rotary back taper bucket body structure, and three-deck vibrating screen strainer is from top to bottom provided with inside the waste liquid barrel,
The aperture of filter screen of upper layer shaker screen is more than the aperture of lower layer's shaker screen, is collected, divides successively to gushing water mixture
It from, filtering, then dries and weighs by baking oven and electronic scale respectively, carry out gushing water and dash forward the comparative analysis of mud amount.
A kind of test method of simulation complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults：
1) before testing, first tunnel section prefabricated in tempered glass plate face, and pass through sealing strip and bolt and model casing slot
Connection, sealing, prevent armorplate glass edge percolating water；
2) slidingtype tomography belt supporting frame is adjusted, accurate setting tomography width, inclination angle, height parameter are needed according to experiment, adjusted
After having saved relevant parameter, slidingtype tomography belt supporting frame is placed in predeterminated position in model test box；
3) Rock soil similar material around fault belt analog material and tomography is configured according to the principle of similitude；Specially：
One sliding panel of setting is respectively slided in slidingtype tomography belt supporting frame two sides, is divided into three areas on the inside of model test box at this time
Domain；It is layered the Rock soil similar material around three region landfill fault belt analog materials and tomography and is extremely less than tunnel section one
When determining height, sliding panel is taken out, stress meter, displacement meter are buried in layering respectively, after the completion of burying, are put into sliding panel, are continued to three
Around a region landfill fault belt analog material and tomography when Rock soil similar material to tunnel section, sliding is taken out again
Plate, tunnel bottom-valley, two base angles at tunnel cross section contour, two help and vault at bury respectively stress meter, displacement meter and
It presses at a distance from armorplate glass by close the position of pore pressure gauge, the stress meter of laying, displacement meter and pore pressure gauge
And remote arrangement；After continue to be put into sliding panel, repetitive operation, until filling up model test box；
Specifically：It when being respectively a, 2a, 2.5a apart from tunnel vault and bottom-valley, is layered and buries stress meter, stress meter buries
At each layer central axes of device, the level interval between each ply stress meter is respectively a, 2a, 2.5a；Apart from tunnel vault and bottom
It when paddy is respectively 0.5a, a, 2a, 2.5a, is layered and buries displacement meter, displacement meter is embedded at each layer central axes of device, each layer displacement
Level interval between meter is respectively 2/3a, a, 2a, 2.5a；Stress meter and displacement meter, the layer are laid at left and right sides of tunnel section
The stress meter of laying and the position of displacement meter are arranged from the near to the distant as at a distance from armorplate glass；The laying of pore pressure gauge
It is laid along the radial layering interval of tunnel contour line, it is b to take the half of two base angle distance of tunnel section, with the increment edge of 0.5b
Tunnel cross section contour extends outward；Tunnel bottom-valley, two base angles at tunnel cross section contour, two help and vault at distinguish
The position of embedded stress meter, displacement meter and pore pressure gauge, the stress meter of laying, displacement meter and pore pressure gauge is pressed and steel
The distance for changing glass plate is arranged from the near to the distant.
4) a certain amount of red ink is pumped by red ink control system in water tank with a scale and stirred evenly, according to experiment side
Connection water pipe is connect by case with each seepage flow water pipe, and according to experiment needs, phase is determined by controlling the control valve of each seepage flow water pipe
The hydraulic boundary conditions answered；If when the water source property of simulation is artesian aquifer, in landfill fault belt analog material and break
Before layer surrounding Rock soil similar material, the porous disc of model test box bottom is connected with corresponding seepage flow water pipe；
5) the load parameter value that automatic control cabinet is set according to testing program, by hydraulic jack, reaction frame to uniformly distributed
Beam loads, and simulates edpth of tunnel condition；
6) the camera record seepage flow gushing water process that sets is adjusted, high-pressure hydraulic pump is opened, high pressure is passed through according to testing program
Water starts to test, and in the tunnel section of armorplate glass mouthful and allows the prominent mud of drainage position placement waste liquid barrel recycling tunnel gushing water mixed
Close object；
7) the prominent mud mixture of the gushing water being collected into detached successively, filtered, dried, weighed, to carry out subsequently not
The comparative analysis for mud amount of dashing forward with the gushing water under influence factor；
8) monitor stress meter, displacement meter, pore water pressure count in real time, and base is established for subsequent theoretical research analysis
Plinth.
Advantageous effect：The present invention simulates the testing system apparatus of complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults and method uses
Technical solution as above can carry out the multifactor controls such as different fault belts, different hydraulics and different edpth of tunnels
Under Faults in Tunnels gushing water test simulation.It is embodied as：1) it by adjusting slidingtype tomography belt supporting frame, can accurately set
Fault parameters and its position；2) different waterpower items can be achieved by accessing the difference of seepage flow water pipe position and access way
Seepage simulation 3 under part) by the loaded value of hydraulic jack at the top of controlling, different buried depth condition can be simulated, and then can be with mould
Faults in Tunnels gushing water behavior under the influence of the quasi- multifactor control of analysis.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the experimental rig structural schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram that tomography causes calamity construction system；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of base structure that tomography causes calamity construction system；
Fig. 4 is the top structure schematic diagram that tomography causes calamity construction system；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram with nut bore inclinometer；
Fig. 6 is the detailed arrangement schematic diagram of sensor of the experimental rig of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the experimental rig three-dimensional organigram of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Such as attached drawing 1 and 7, a kind of testing system apparatus of simulation complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults, including model
Chamber, tomography cause calamity construction system, groundwater flow modeling system, waterpower loading system, top load control system, data
Acquire monitoring system, gushing water mixture recovery system and view recording system；The pre-buried setting of data acquisition and monitoring system exists
Tomography causes calamity to construct internal system, and the tomography causes calamity construction system to be arranged inside model test box, the top load control
System processed is arranged with model test box top-loaded, is connected to inside the groundwater flow modeling system and model test box, institute
It states waterpower loading system to connect with groundwater flow modeling system, the gushing water mixture recovery system and model test box are permitted
Perhaps drain outlet or tunnel section mouthful connection before the view recording system is erected at model test box, is recorded entire gushing water and are caused
Calamity tests process.
The above-mentioned each concrete composition system being related to illustrates respectively as follows：
The model test box includes model casing slot 1, armorplate glass 2, bolt 3 and sealing strip 5, the model casing slot 1
For cube structure, prefabricated tunnel section on 2 face of the armorplate glass is close by sealing strip 5 and bolt 3 and model casing slot 1
Envelope connection.
As shown in Fig. 2, it includes that slidingtype tomography belt supporting frame 7, sliding panel 8, tomography are broken that the tomography, which causes calamity construction system,
Rock soil similar material 24 around broken band analog material 25 and tomography, the both sides of the slidingtype tomography belt supporting frame 7 are slided respectively to be set
It sets there are one sliding panel 8, two sliding panels 8 will be divided into three parts inside model test box, wherein middle section filling is disconnected
Layer crushed zone analog material 26, two rim portions fill Rock soil similar material 25 around tomography.The similar material of the fault belt
Material is formulated by talcum powder, stone, wherein H:Z=9:1；Rock soil similar material is with yellow ground, talcum powder and cement around tomography
For major ingredient, hydraulic oil and water are formulated for conditioning agent, wherein S:H:N=10:1:0.6.
Such as attached drawing 2,3,4 and 5, the slidingtype tomography belt supporting frame 7 includes sliding rail angle steel 71 with a scale, sliding rail steel with a scale
Plate 72, band sliding rail angle steel 73, the special angle steel 74 in lower part, the special angle steel 75 in top and with nut bore inclinometer 76；Two bands
Scale sliding rail angle steel 71 is arranged in parallel in bottom plane, and vertical with the special angle steel 74 in two lower parts arranged in parallel
It is connected in same bottom plane, constitutes tomography belt supporting frame bottom surface；Four bottom ends with sliding rail angle steel 73 are respectively with two
Root sliding rail angle steel 71 with a scale is adjusted by rotation angle connection in the vertical direction by band nut bore inclinometer 76, described in two
Bottom end with sliding rail angle steel 73 can move respectively along the sliding rail horizontal direction on the sliding rail angle steel 71 with a scale, two pieces of cunnings
Movable plate 8 slides up and down setting with two band sliding rail angle steel 73 respectively；Four tops with sliding rail angle steel 73 respectively with it is described
71 disposed in parallel two, sliding rail angle steel sliding rail steel plate 72 with a scale with a scale connects, and the top with sliding rail angle steel 73 can edge
Sliding rail horizontal direction movement on the sliding rail steel plate 72 with a scale, and the both ends difference of two sliding rail steel plates 72 with a scale
With special 75 vertical connection of angle steel in top being mutually parallel, tomography belt supporting frame upper bottom surface is constituted.
The distance between two described sliding panels 8, the inclination angle of two sliding panels 8 and sliding rail angle steel 71 with a scale and band
Relative altitude between scale sliding rail steel plate 72 is adjustable, and then the physics such as co-hade, width, height and position is made to join
Several controllable precises.When adjusting the inclination angle of slidingtype tomography belt supporting frame 7, loosening belt nut bore inclinometer 76 accurately adjusts band sliding rail
Band nut bore inclinometer 76 is tightened after angle to arbitrary predetermined angular between angle steel 73, realizes the accurate adjusting of prefabricated co-hade
Setting.When adjusting the width of slidingtype tomography belt supporting frame, the bolt of connect band sliding rail angle steel 73 is loosened, sliding rail steel with a scale is passed through
Bolt is tightened after the width to arbitrary predetermined value of the accurate adjusting faults band of sliding rail and graduation mark of plate 72, realizes that prefabricated tomography is wide
The accurate adjusting setting of degree.When adjusting the height of slidingtype tomography belt supporting frame, the bolt of connect band sliding rail angle steel 73 is loosened, is passed through
With tightening bolt after the sliding rail up and down adjustment sliding rail steel plate 72 to arbitrary predetermined value with a scale on sliding rail angle steel 73.
Such as attached drawing 1, the groundwater flow modeling system includes seepage flow water pipe 10, control valve 11 and porous disc 12, described
Model test box bottom is laid with porous disc 12, the seepage flow water pipe 10 by control valve 11 respectively with porous disc 12 and model
The side of chamber connects.Specifically, seepage flow water pipe 10 includes 9, wherein three connect with porous disc 12, artesian aquifer is realized
Simulation；Other six are divided into two groups and are connect respectively with the left side of model test box and right side, realize different waterpower sides
Boundary's condition test.
The waterpower loading system includes water tank 13, high-pressure hydraulic pump 14 and connection water pipe 18 with a scale, the water with a scale
A certain amount of red ink is pumped by red ink control system 16 and is stirred evenly in case 13, the water tank 13 with a scale and high-pressure hydraulic pump
14 connections, the high-pressure hydraulic pump 14 are connected with water pipe 18 is connect, and the connection water pipe 18 is connected with pressure gauge 15 and flowmeter 17,
It is connect respectively with each seepage flow water pipe 10.During experiment, flow path and gushing water feelings can intuitively be observed by the concentration of color
Condition.Red ink control system 16 can specific real-time control red ink input quantity, i.e. red ink accounts for the percentage of water.Specifically
's：The red ink in red ink slot 161 is pumped in water tank 13 with a scale by red ink pipe 162 by pulsating pump 164, red ink
162 outside of water pipe is connects the flabellum axle 168 of flabellum 169 and flabellum axle motor 165, in the effect of flabellum axle motor 165
Under, flabellum 169 rotates the red ink that will be fed into water tank 13 with a scale and stirs evenly, and then is passed through in follow-up test device, flabellum axle
168 outsides are the protective case 167 of connection carrying lid 166, carry and are uniformly distributed air hole 160 on lid 166, avoid being formed in water tank
Closed negative pressure space influences the effect of high-pressure hydraulic pump 14, carries and places red ink slot 161, pulsating pump 164 and fan on lid 166
Rachis motor 165.
The top load control system includes being evenly distributed with beam 20, hydraulic jack 21, automatic control cabinet 22 and reaction frame 23,
By automatic control cabinet 22, hydraulic jack 21 and reaction frame 23 to the load of uniformly distributed beam 20 in model casing groove top portion is arranged.It is logical
The size for crossing loaded value simulates different Conditions of Buried Depth.Automatic control cabinet is by connection hydraulic jack 21, by certainly
The setting of the dynamic Loading Controls parameter such as 22 loaded value of switch board and load time can realize automatic plus unloading.
The data acquisition and monitoring system includes the sensors such as stress meter, displacement meter and pore pressure gauge 24, described to answer
The sensors 24 such as power meter 241, displacement meter 242 and pore pressure gauge 243 are embedded in the fault disruption zone that tomography causes calamity construction system
Around band analog material 26 and tomography in Rock soil similar material 25；The view recording system includes video camera 29；The stress
Meter 241, displacement meter 242, the sensors 24 such as pore pressure gauge 243 and video camera 29 signal output end respectively with computer
Signal input part transmission connection.
The gushing water mixture recovery system includes waste liquid barrel 27, shaker screen 28, baking oven and electronic scale, to gushing water
Mixture is collected, detaches, filters, dries and weighs successively, carries out the comparative analysis of the prominent mud amount of gushing water.
A kind of test method of simulation complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults：
1) before testing, first tunnel section prefabricated on 2 face of armorplate glass, and pass through sealing strip 5 and bolt 3 and model casing
The connection of slot 1, sealing, prevent 2 edge percolating water of armorplate glass；
2) slidingtype tomography belt supporting frame 7 is adjusted, accurate setting tomography width, inclination angle, height parameter are needed according to experiment, adjusted
After having saved relevant parameter, slidingtype tomography belt supporting frame 7 is placed in predeterminated position in model test box；
3) Rock soil similar material 25 around fault belt analog material 26 and tomography is configured according to the principle of similitude；Specifically
For：One sliding panel 8 of setting is respectively slided in 7 two sides of slidingtype tomography belt supporting frame, is divided on the inside of model test box at this time
Three regions；Be layered around three regions landfill fault belt analog materials 26 and tomography Rock soil similar material 25 to less than
When the certain altitude of tunnel section, sliding panel 8 is taken out, stress meter 241, displacement meter 242 are buried in layering respectively, after the completion of burying, are put
Enter sliding panel, continues around three regions landfill fault belt analog materials 26 and tomography Rock soil similar material 25 to tunnel
When section, take out sliding panel 8 again, tunnel bottom-valley, two base angles at tunnel cross section contour, two help and vault at distinguish
Embedded stress meter 241, displacement meter 242 and pore pressure gauge 243, stress meter 241, displacement meter 242 and the pore water pressure of laying
The position of power meter 243 is arranged from the near to the distant as at a distance from armorplate glass 2；After continue to be put into sliding panel 8, repetitive operation, directly
To filling up model test box；
Specifically：When being respectively a, 2a, 2.5a apart from tunnel vault and bottom-valley, it is layered and buries stress meter 241, stress meter
241 are embedded at each layer central axes of device, and the level interval between each ply stress meter 241 is respectively a, 2a, 2.5a；Apart from tunnel
It when vault and bottom-valley are respectively 0.5a, a, 2a, 2.5a, are layered and bury displacement meter 242, displacement meter 242 is embedded in each layer of device
At axis, the level interval between each layer displacement meter 242 is respectively 2/3a, a, 2a, 2.5a；It lays and answers at left and right sides of tunnel section
It presses at a distance from armorplate glass 2 position of power meter 241 and displacement meter 242, stress meter 241 and displacement meter 242 that this layer is laid
It arranges from the near to the distant；The laying of pore pressure gauge 243 is laid along the radial layering interval of tunnel contour line, takes tunnel section
The half of two base angle distances is b, is extended outward along tunnel cross section contour with the increment of 0.5b；At tunnel cross section contour
Tunnel bottom-valley, two base angles, two help and vault at bury stress meter 241, displacement meter 242 and pore pressure gauge 243, cloth respectively
If stress meter 241, displacement meter 242 and pore pressure gauge 243 position press at a distance from armorplate glass 2 cloth from the near to the distant
It sets；Stress meter, displacement meter are layered the loading characteristic that non-equidistant laying meets actual condition, when closer from tunnel section, stress
Variation is complicated, the intensive laying of sensor, is conducive to the stress running parameter for extracting actual condition in detail, and apart from tunnel section compared with
When remote, the sparse laying of sensor can integrally understand the stress situation of change within the scope of device, preferably during extraction experiment
Mechanics parameter in device global scope is conducive to subsequent detailed analysis.Pore water pressure is radial to be laid with conducive to carrying
The pore water pressure force parameter under the radial distribution of tunnel contour line is taken, for follow-up study pore water pressure and tunnel contour line
Between certain existing relationship play an important roll；
4) a certain amount of red ink is pumped by red ink control system 16 in water tank 13 with a scale and stirred evenly, according to examination
Connection water pipe 18 is connect by proved recipe case with each seepage flow water pipe 10, according to experiment needs, by the control for controlling each seepage flow water pipe 10
Valve 11 determines corresponding hydraulic boundary conditions；If when the water source property of simulation is artesian aquifer, in landfill fault belt
Around analog material 26 and tomography before Rock soil similar material 25, by the porous disc 12 of model test box bottom and corresponding seepage water
Pipe 10 connects；
5) the load parameter value that automatic control cabinet 22 is set according to testing program, passes through hydraulic jack (21), reaction frame
23 pairs of uniformly distributed beams 20 load, and simulate edpth of tunnel condition；
6) it adjusts and sets the record seepage flow gushing water process of video camera 29, open high-pressure hydraulic pump 14, be passed through according to testing program
High pressure water starts to test, and in the tunnel section of armorplate glass 2 mouthful and allows the drainage position placement recycling of waste liquid barrel 27 tunnel prominent
The prominent mud mixture of water；
7) the prominent mud mixture of the gushing water being collected into detached successively, filtered, dried, weighed, to carry out subsequently not
The comparative analysis for mud amount of dashing forward with the gushing water under influence factor；
8) real-time monitor stress meter 241, displacement meter 242,243 data of pore pressure gauge, for subsequent theoretical research point
Analysis lays the foundation.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that：For the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of testing system apparatus of simulation complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults, it is characterised in that：It is tried including model
Tryoff, tomography cause calamity construction system, groundwater flow modeling system, waterpower loading system, top load control system, data to adopt
Monitor set system, gushing water mixture recovery system and view recording system；The pre-buried setting of data acquisition and monitoring system is disconnected
Layer causes calamity to construct internal system, and the tomography causes calamity construction system to be arranged inside model test box, the top load control
System is arranged with model test box top-loaded, is connected to inside the groundwater flow modeling system and model test box, described
Waterpower loading system is connect with groundwater flow modeling system, the permission of the gushing water mixture recovery system and model test box
Drain outlet connects, and before the view recording system is erected at model test box, records entire gushing water and causes calamity experiment process；
It includes slidingtype tomography belt supporting frame (7), sliding panel (8), fault belt analog material that the tomography, which causes calamity construction system,
(26) Rock soil similar material (25) and around tomography, the both sides of the slidingtype tomography belt supporting frame (7) are slided respectively is provided with one
A sliding panel (8), two sliding panels (8) will be divided into three parts inside model test box, tomography is filled in wherein middle section
Crushed zone analog material (26), two rim portions fill Rock soil similar material (25) around tomography；
The fault belt analog material (26) is formulated by talcum powder, stone, wherein H:Z=9:1；Ground around tomography
Analog material (25) is using yellow ground, talcum powder and cement as major ingredient, and hydraulic oil and water are formulated for conditioning agent, wherein S:H:N=
10:1:0.6；
The slidingtype tomography belt supporting frame (7) includes sliding rail angle steel (71) with a scale, sliding rail steel plate with a scale (72), band sliding rail angle
Steel (73), the special angle steel in lower part (74), the special angle steel in top (75) and with nut bore inclinometer (76)；Two cunnings with a scale
Rail angle steel (71) is arranged in parallel in bottom plane, and vertical with two lower part arranged in parallel special angle steel (74) connects
It is connected in same bottom plane, constitutes slidingtype tomography belt supporting frame (7) bottom surface；The bottom end of four band sliding rail angle steel (73)
Angle is adjusted by rotation by band nut bore inclinometer (76) in the vertical direction with two sliding rail angle steel (71) with a scale respectively
The bottom end of connection, two band sliding rail angle steel (73) respectively can be along the sliding rail level side on the sliding rail angle steel (71) with a scale
To movement, two pieces of sliding panels (8) slide up and down setting with two band sliding rail angle steel (73) respectively；Four band sliding rail angles
The top of steel (73) is connect with two disposed in parallel of sliding rail angle steel (71) the sliding rail steel plate (72) with a scale with a scale respectively,
The top of the band sliding rail angle steel (73) can be moved along the sliding rail horizontal direction on the sliding rail steel plate (72) with a scale, and two
The both ends of the sliding rail steel plate (72) with a scale with top special angle steel (75) vertical connection for being mutually parallel, constitute sliding respectively
Formula tomography belt supporting frame (7) upper bottom surface；The distance between two described sliding panels (8), the inclination angle of two sliding panels (8) and band
Relative altitude between scale sliding rail angle steel (71) and sliding rail steel plate with a scale (72) can be adjusted accurately.
2. a kind of testing system apparatus of simulation complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults according to claim 1, special
Sign is：The model test box includes model casing slot (1), armorplate glass (2), bolt (3) and sealing strip (5), the mould
Molding box slot (1) is cube structure, and on armorplate glass (2) face prefabricated tunnel section, passes through sealing strip (5) and bolt
(3) it is tightly connected with model casing slot (1).
3. a kind of testing system apparatus of simulation complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults according to claim 1, special
Sign is：The groundwater flow modeling system includes seepage flow water pipe (10), control valve (11) and porous disc (12), the model
Chamber bottom is laid with porous disc (12), the seepage flow water pipe (10) by control valve (11) respectively with porous disc (12) and
The side of model test box connects.
4. according to a kind of testing system apparatus of simulation complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults of claim 1 or 3,
It is characterized in that：The waterpower loading system includes water tank with a scale (13), high-pressure hydraulic pump (14) and connection water pipe (18), the band
Scale water tank (13) is pumped into red ink by red ink control system (16) and stirs evenly, the water tank (13) with a scale and high pressure water
(14) connection is pumped, the high-pressure hydraulic pump (14) is connected with pressure gauge with water pipe (18) connection, the connection water pipe (18) is connect
(15) and flowmeter (17) it, is connect respectively with each seepage flow water pipe (10).
5. a kind of testing system apparatus of simulation complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults according to claim 1, special
Sign is：The top load control system includes uniformly distributed beam (20), hydraulic jack (21), automatic control cabinet (22) and counter-force
Frame (23), by automatic control cabinet (22), hydraulic jack (21) and reaction frame (23) to being arranged in model casing groove top (1) portion
Uniformly distributed beam (20) load.
6. according to a kind of testing system apparatus of simulation complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults of claim 1 or 3,
It is characterized in that：The data acquisition and monitoring system includes stress meter (241), displacement meter (242) and pore pressure gauge (243),
The stress meter (241), displacement meter (242) and pore pressure gauge (243) are embedded in tomography and cause the tomography of calamity construction system broken
Around broken band analog material (26) and tomography in Rock soil similar material (25)；The view recording system includes video camera (29)；
The stress meter (241), displacement meter (242), pore pressure gauge (243) and video camera (29) signal output end respectively with
The signal input part transmission connection of computer.
7. a kind of testing system apparatus of simulation complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults according to claim 1, special
Sign is：The gushing water mixture recovery system includes waste liquid barrel (27), shaker screen (28), baking oven and electronic scale, institute
It is rotary back taper bucket body structure to state waste liquid barrel (27), and three-deck vibrating screen is from top to bottom provided with inside the waste liquid barrel (27)
Strainer (28), the aperture of filter screen of upper layer shaker screen (28) are more than the aperture of lower layer's shaker screen (28), are mixed to gushing water
Object is collected, detaches, filters successively, then dries and weigh by baking oven and electronic scale respectively, carries out the prominent mud amount of gushing water
Comparative analysis.
8. a kind of test method of simulation complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults, it is characterised in that：
1) before testing, the first prefabricated tunnel section on armorplate glass (2) face, and pass through sealing strip (5) and bolt (3) and model
Case slot (1) connection, sealing, prevent armorplate glass (2) edge percolating water；
2) slidingtype tomography belt supporting frame (7) is adjusted, accurate setting tomography width, inclination angle, height parameter are needed according to experiment, adjusted
After good relevant parameter, slidingtype tomography belt supporting frame (7) is placed in predeterminated position in model test box；
3) Rock soil similar material (25) around fault belt analog material (26) and tomography is configured according to the principle of similitude；Specifically
For：One sliding panel (8) of setting is respectively slided in slidingtype tomography belt supporting frame (7) two sides, is divided on the inside of model test box at this time
It is cut into three regions；It is layered the Rock soil similar material around three region landfill fault belt analog materials (26) and tomography
(25) to when being less than tunnel section certain altitude, sliding panel (8) is taken out, stress meter (241), displacement meter are buried in layering respectively
(242), after the completion of burying, it is put into sliding panel, is continued to three region landfill fault belt analog materials (26) and tomography week
When enclosing Rock soil similar material (25) to tunnel section, sliding panel (8), the tunnel bottom at tunnel cross section contour are taken out again
Paddy, two base angles, two help and vault at bury stress meter (241), displacement meter (242) and pore pressure gauge (243), cloth respectively
If stress meter (241), displacement meter (242) and pore pressure gauge (243) position press at a distance from armorplate glass (2) by
Proximal and distal arrangement；After continue to be put into sliding panel (8), repetitive operation, until filling up model test box；
Specifically：When being respectively a, 2a, 2.5a apart from tunnel vault and bottom-valley, it is layered and buries stress meter (241), stress meter
(241) it is embedded at each layer central axes of device, the level interval between each ply stress meter (241) is respectively a, 2a, 2.5a；In distance
It when tunnel vault and bottom-valley are respectively 0.5a, a, 2a, 2.5a, are layered and bury displacement meter (242), displacement meter (242) is embedded in device
Each layer central axes at, the level interval between each layer displacement meter (242) is respectively 2/3a, a, 2a, 2.5a；In tunnel section or so
Stress meter (241) and displacement meter (242) is laid in both sides, the position of stress meter (241) and displacement meter (242) that this layer is laid by with
The distance of armorplate glass (2) is arranged from the near to the distant；The laying of pore pressure gauge (243) is along radial point of tunnel contour line
For interlayer every laying, it is b to take the half of two base angle distance of tunnel section, with the increment of 0.5b along tunnel cross section contour to extension
Exhibition；Tunnel bottom-valley, two base angles at tunnel cross section contour, two help and vault at bury stress meter (241), displacement respectively
Count (242) and pore pressure gauge (243), the stress meter (241) of laying, displacement meter (242) and pore pressure gauge (243)
It presses and is arranged from the near to the distant at a distance from armorplate glass (2) in position；
4) a certain amount of red ink is pumped by red ink control system (16) in water tank with a scale (13) and stirred evenly, according to examination
Connection water pipe (18) is connect, according to experiment needs, by controlling each seepage flow water pipe (10) by proved recipe case with each seepage flow water pipe (10)
Control valve (11) determine corresponding hydraulic boundary conditions；If disconnected in landfill when the water source property of simulation is artesian aquifer
Around layer crushed zone analog material (26) and tomography before Rock soil similar material (25), by the porous disc (12) of model test box bottom
It is connected with corresponding seepage flow water pipe (10)；
5) the load parameter value that automatic control cabinet (22) is set according to testing program, passes through hydraulic jack (21), reaction frame
(23) uniformly distributed beam (20) are loaded, simulates edpth of tunnel condition；
6) it adjusts and sets video camera (29) record seepage flow gushing water process, open high-pressure hydraulic pump (14), be passed through according to testing program
High pressure water starts to test, and in the tunnel section of armorplate glass (2) mouthful and drainage position is allowed to place waste liquid barrel (27) recycling tunnel
The prominent mud mixture of road gushing water；
7) the prominent mud mixture of the gushing water being collected into detached successively, filtered, dried, weighed, to carry out follow-up different shadows
The comparative analysis of the prominent mud amount of gushing water under the factor of sound；
8) real-time monitor stress meter (241), displacement meter (242), pore pressure gauge (243) data are subsequent theoretical research
Analysis lays the foundation.
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