CN107024574B - A kind of soil arching effect simulation test device and test method - Google Patents
A kind of soil arching effect simulation test device and test method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 145
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of soil arching effect simulation test device, including chamber and lifting device, sedimentation unit plate and non-sedimentation unit plate is arranged in chamber bottom；Lifting device includes lifting power plant, push pipe platform board, push pipe；Push pipe platform board is risen or is landed by lifting power plant；Push pipe is used to rise and the sedimentation unit plate that lands.Compared with prior art, the present invention can simulate the soil arching effect of the works backfill under various working, can be with soil arching effect of the model configuration object basis under large deformation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geotechnical engineering experimental rig fields, and in particular to a kind of universal soil arching effect simulation test device
And its application method.
Background technique
The research of soil arching effect is a hot spot in recent years, in numerous areas such as retaining wall, roadbed, pipe culvert, tunnels
There is important role, soil arching effect correlation theory is also developed.
In the research of soil arching effect, the beginning for having started culvert pipe soil pressure distribution theory is proposed from Marston in 1913
Afterwards, it is almost the same that soil arching effect was theoretical establishes program: as " reinforced concrete box culvert vertical earth pressure theoretical research --- it is trapezoidal
Cheuch sets culvert (Chen Baoguo etc., rock-soil mechanics) ", " consider that the stickiness of soil arching effect is banketed Active Pressure on Retaining Wall research (Tu Bing
Hero etc., Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering) ", consider the soil pressure research of retaining wall space (woods celebrating great waves etc., the rock power of soil arching effect
Learn with engineering journal) given by method flow: assume first that the deformation tendency of the soil body, then by differential chromatography establish soil
Calculation of pressure model.Therefore, most important for the analysis of soil deformation in the research of soil arching effect.And the reality of soil deformation
Border situation can only be determined by testing.Therefore, the research of soil deformation can be intuitively checked to establish phase in soil arch test
Theory of solving is closed, second is that soil pressure variation tendency can be studied by simulation test.
About the experimental study of soil arching effect, CN1975807A discloses a kind of upper arch effect demonstrating instrument.In organic glass
Case bottom center be equipped with semi-cylindrical rubbery air pocket, the outside of semi-cylindrical rubbery air pocket be equipped with India rubber film, two
Person is fixed by bolts to the bottom of organic glass case；Successively alternate filling yellow sand and black from bottom to up in organic glass case
Sand；Semi-cylindrical rubbery air pocket pipe is connected with the gas cell outside organic glass case；Vent valve is connected on gas cell pipe
With preceding check valve, rear check valve is further connected on gas cell.It can be visually observed that very much by the simple operations supplied gas and deflated
Native doming effect in the soil body, by this phenomenon, the interaction understood in the soil body between soil particle that can be more vivid.This sets
The standby soil arching effect that can not be simulated when the periphery soil body moves down.
In addition, CN101504334A discloses a kind of earth arch test apparatus, it is intended to realize that soil arch directly reproduces, and arch can be passed through
Preceding earth pressure test verifying soil arch.It includes cabinet, arch springing model column and pressurizing device and device for measuring force, and cabinet has upper port
And lower port, two arch springing model columns are arranged at intervals at the lower port of cabinet, the upper of cabinet upper port is arranged in pressurizing device
Side, the lower section of cabinet lower port have native droping space before arch.It can realize soil arch direct reproduction, can directly measure sagitta,
The span of arch describes arch, is computed processing and obtains arch；Can by measurement encircle before soil pressure distribution determine soil arch presence and
Its influence factor, and determine the span of arch；Structure is simple, can easily carry out the soil arch test of various soil.The main still needle of the equipment
It satisfies the need the research of Pile Foundation soil arching effect, roadbed soil arching effect is mainly passive arching, can not be studied such as pipe culvert or case
The active arching of culvert.
In addition, CN102914632A discloses a kind of Multifunctional geotechnical model test chamber dress using photogrammetric technology
It sets.The device is by model test box body, load and part of detecting, activity stake baffle and moves down control section, and displacement is surveyed
The components such as test system composition measures the whole audience using videographic measurment technology and is displaced.Can be achieved 20 kinds of piles with different away from than soil arching effect
Composite foundation bed course effect analog experiment under demonstration, Piled Embankments filler particles soil arching effect and rigid foundation.Simultaneously also
Underground pipe stress and deformation simulative, slope deforming, excavation of foundation pit and building enclosure stress and deformation are carried out using the chamber
The geotechnical model test device of equal simulations.In addition, foreign scholar is as " Geotexiles and Geomembranes " is delivered
“Visualization of soil arching on reinforced embankment with rigid pile
Foundation using X-ray CT " also discloses a kind of soil arch simulation test device, it is mainly used for simulation road Pile Foundation
Soil arching effect.Above-mentioned two document is mainly also the research for roadbed pile foundation soil arching effect.But soil is embodied when research
The research emphasis of arching: displacement.Be in document set stake to nonmobile device, and the soil body then pass through it is provided underneath
Movable plate realizes the displacement between Pile Soil.The thought of above-mentioned document is preferable, but it can not study pipe culvert or box culvert
Soil arching effect.In addition, displacement of the inter-pile soil at different pile No. be not identical, above-mentioned two document is during the test not
Consider above-mentioned factor, therefore the soil arching effect under different inter-pile soil displacements can't be studied.
The actual condition of different engineerings is varied, shown in the pipeline backfill, Fig. 2 under plane strain condition as shown in Figure 1
Roadbed pipe culvert banket, trapezoidal cheuch box culvert shown in Fig. 3 backfill, the twin flue backfill under plane strain condition shown in Fig. 4
Etc., above-mentioned engineering problem in practice is usually tubes/conduits culvert/box culvert since own wt is larger, is produced compared with the periphery soil body
Raw vertical displacement is larger (active arching), but when tubes/conduits culvert/box culvert uses pile foundation, structure in this case
The displacement of object is smaller compared with the displacement that the periphery soil body generates, and soil arching effect analog simulation test in this case does not carry out also enough
Research (passive arching caused by pipe culvert).In addition, there are biggish three-dimensional effects for the displacement of works, but do not have also at present
There is document report to carry out experimental study for this problem.
In conclusion in addition current existing test setting is being studied primarily with respect to certain a kind of project situation setting
It needs to redesign test apparatus when a kind of project situation, lacks relatively general soil arching effect test apparatus.Therefore, having must
It researches and develops a kind of general for studying soil arching effect simulation test device, to simulate a variety of different engineering problems, mentions
The reuse rate of high equipment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of soil arching effect simulation test device and its application methods.The device can simulate
Active soil arching effect and passive under the conditions of the soil arching effect under works backfill under various working, i.e. model configuration object banket
Soil arching effect, the especially soil arching effect under large subsoil distortion.
The technical scheme is that a kind of soil arching effect simulation test device, including chamber (4) and lifting device
(6)；Sedimentation unit plate (5-4) and non-sedimentation unit plate (5-3) is arranged in chamber (4) bottom；Sedimentation unit plate (5-4) can on
Lower activity, non-sedimentation unit plate (5-3) can not be up and down；
The lifting device (6) includes lifting power plant (6-1), push pipe platform board (6-2), push pipe (6-3)；Push pipe is flat
Platen (6-2) is risen or is landed by lifting power plant (6-1)；
Push pipe platform board (6-2) is corresponding with sedimentation unit plate (5-4) and non-sedimentation unit plate (5-3), in push pipe platform
Plate region corresponding with sedimentation unit plate and non-sedimentation unit plate is provided with push pipe attachment device, at sedimentation unit plate (5-4)
It is provided on corresponding push pipe platform board push pipe (6-3), push pipe (6-3) is connected by push pipe attachment device and push pipe platform board
Connect, push pipe (6-3) for rising and land sedimentation unit plate (5-4), by push pipe platform board be it is rectangular, push pipe attachment device is in length
Edge direction spacing may be selected to be: 10cm-50cm, preferably 10cm or 15cm or 20cm, and short side direction spacing is selected as 10cm-
50cm；Preferably 10cm or 15cm or 20cm.
Further, the push pipe platform board (6-2) in this programme is corresponding with sedimentation unit plate, in push pipe platform board and sedimentation
The corresponding region of cell board is provided with push pipe attachment device, sets on the corresponding push pipe platform board of sedimentation unit plate (5-4)
Be equipped with push pipe (6-3), push pipe (6-3) connect by push pipe attachment device with push pipe platform board, push pipe (6-3) for rise with
Land sedimentation unit plate (5-4)；The sedimentation unit plate is used for model configuration object and its basis, and non-sedimentation unit plate is used for mould
Quasi- periphery filled ground；Or the sedimentation unit plate is used for model configuration for simulating periphery filled ground, non-sedimentation unit plate
Object and its basis；Wherein, the section of sedimentation unit plate (5-4) divides in a longitudinal direction segment quantity and works and its basis
Section or the segment quantity of periphery filled ground are identical, are provided with independent lifting below each sedimentation unit plate (5-4)
Device (6), lifting device (6) drive push pipe (6-3) lifting, and then reach sedimentation unit plate (5-4) and generate different displacements, with
The differential settlement that model configuration object and its basis or periphery filled ground generate.
Further, chamber (4) is fixed on the bearing platform (3) of rack, the rack include upper beam (1-1), under
Crossbeam (1-4), platform beams (1-2), column (2), stringer (1-3)；Load-bearing is set on platform beams (1-2) and stringer (1-3)
Platform (3), the chamber (4) are fixed on bearing platform (3)；Upper beam (1-1) is distinguished at the position of lower beam (1-4)
Stringer (1-3) is set to form rack framework.Chamber (4) includes the organic glass (4-2) of casing body frame (4-1) and surrounding,
Body frame (4-1) includes upper layer crossbeam and lower layer's crossbeam and four columns, and glass is arranged in lower layer's crossbeam, four columns and inserts
Slot, organic glass (4-2) are mounted on casing body frame (4-1) by slot, and upper layer crossbeam lower surface is provided with slot, further
Fixed organic glass (4-2)；Drawing on organic glass backboard has scale grid.
Further, it is set below the non-sedimentation unit plate (5-3) contacted with sedimentation unit plate (5-4) and/or wall box
It is equipped with baffle (7).Loading system and box house filler system for monitoring displacement are additionally provided with above chamber (4)；Loading system
Including the jack being connected with upper beam (1-1), and with jack lower part device for measuring force interconnected, device for measuring force adopts
With proving ring, proving ring lower part is connect with the load plate above chamber (4)；Or loading system is vibration excitor；Box house
Filler system for monitoring displacement includes: that digital camera is provided on front side of chamber short side direction, and/or in experiment casing long side
The digital camera or CT Scanner of the corresponding two sides setting in direction.
Further, each lifting device (6) is connect with PLC, and the lifting in lifting device is controlled by PLC
The movement of power device (6-1).
A kind of test method of soil arching effect simulation test device, test procedure are as follows:
(1) push pipe (6-3) is installed at the position on push pipe platform board corresponding to sedimentation unit plate (5-4)；
(2) non-sedimentation unit plate (5-3) and sedimentation unit plate (5-4) are installed, sedimentation unit plate is placed on push pipe (6-3)
On, by the hole slot of sedimentation unit plate lower surface to fix sedimentation unit plate and push pipe；It controls lifting device (6), rises push pipe
(6-3) makes the upper level of sedimentation unit plate (5-4) reach preset height；The position of installation on push pipe platform board (6-2)
Move sedimentation table zeroing；
(3) soil sample is prepared, three kinds of colors: yellow, green, the red soil body are specifically prepared, using washing mill base by soil sample
Dyeing, takes out after placing it in baking oven 25h, rubs broken be cooled to room temperature；
(4) it fills the soil body: circulated layered the soil body being set in cabinet according to yellow, green, red；The default height of arrival is filled to the soil body
Next step is carried out after degree；
(5) process is tested: control lifting power plant (6-1), so that push pipe platform board (6-2) and push pipe (6-3) are gradually
Decline, it is final that sedimentation unit plate (5-4) is driven gradually to decline；
In step (2), after completing sedimentation unit plate (5-4) installation, before banketing, at sedimentation unit plate (5-4)
Soil pressure cell is arranged in upper surface；
In step (5), after on-test, loading system carries out the load of load to filler；
In step (5), digital camera shoots a soil body filler photograph when push pipe (6-3) often moves down 0.1mm, simultaneously
Soil pressure cell also acquires a data；
In test procedure (5), after chamber soil body upper level is reduced to preset height, lifting device and load system
System stops working, and continues to banket, and after the completion of banketing, controls lifting device and loading system running again, continues to test.
By adopting the above technical scheme, compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
1) equipment of the invention can be studied banket under the conditions of works such as culvert soil arching effect；2) in push pipe platform board
Region corresponding with sedimentation unit plate and non-sedimentation unit plate is provided with push pipe attachment device, and such design is convenient to study
Soil arching effect under foundation: due to having push pipe attachment device below sedimentation unit plate and non-sedimentation unit plate, this
Sample is after having studied active arching, it is only necessary to reset the position of push pipe, can study passive arching；3) works
As culvert along it is longitudinal generally can merogenesis be arranged, be usually that basis is arranged using merogenesis, therefore settles single for pipeline
The longitudinally disposed quantity of first plate is identical as the segment quantity of model configuration object or works basis, under each sedimentation unit plate
Face is provided with independent lifting device, and this design can study the soil arching effect under linear deformation, and existing equipment is only
The soil arch deformation under cross section can be studied；When sedimentation unit plate corresponds to periphery filled ground, periphery can be studied and banketed vertical
To the passive arching under uneven displacement condition；4) each lifting device is connect with PLC, in order to improve the precision of research, is adopted
Each lifting device is controlled with PLC, and then controls the displacement of each sedimentation unit plate, is become to realize basis in three-dimensional
Soil arching effect research in the case of shape；5) it is set below the non-sedimentation unit plate and/or wall box contacted with sedimentation unit plate
It is equipped with baffle, particularly for soft clay area, foundation settlement is possible to reach as many as 1-2m, at this time it is possible that culvert is filled out with periphery
Vertical between soil be unevenly displaced it is larger, or in order to meet the conditions such as navigation, the more low feelings of the elevation that culvert itself is arranged
Shape, such case must must consider the large deformation requirement of sedimentation unit plate, the non-sedimentation list of baffle+sedimentation unit plate peripheral contact
First plate thickness or the keel of contact thickness+sedimentation unit plate are higher than thickness > sedimentation unit plate of non-sedimentation unit plate upper surface
Height is moved down, when sedimentation unit plate initial position is lower than non-sedimentation unit plate upper surface, it is single that sedimentation unit plate is higher than non-sedimentation
The thickness of first plate upper surface takes negative value, and above-mentioned design improves sedimentation unit plate and moves down movable range increase, solves basis and exists
The soil arching effect of large deformation when large deformation situation especially buries lower is studied；6) for soft clay area, differential settlement
It is larger, in work progress, when settling larger, can constantly it banket with the increase of sedimentation to original absolute altitude, that is, banket-settle-
Therefore-sedimentation-work progress to banket again that bankets again specializes in this test method: chamber soil body upper level
After being reduced to preset height, lifting device and loading system stop working, and continue to banket, and after the completion of banketing, control is risen again
Falling unit and loading system running, continue to test；7) by research of the digital camera for soil deformation, soil can be best understood from
Arching, and then can verify and correct correlation theory.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is the pipeline backfill under plane strain condition；
Roadbed pipe culvert shown in Fig. 2 bankets；
Trapezoidal cheuch box culvert backfill shown in Fig. 3；
Twin flue backfill under plane strain condition shown in Fig. 4；
Fig. 5 is one experimental rig total structure figure of embodiment；
Fig. 6 is that one chamber bearing platform of embodiment constructs top view；
Fig. 7 is one chamber top view of embodiment；
Fig. 8 is one sedimentation unit plate of embodiment and non-sedimentation unit plate mounting vertical plane figure；
Fig. 9 is that one sedimentation unit plate of embodiment and non-sedimentation unit plate install top view；
Figure 10 is one sedimentation unit plate of embodiment test starting elevation；
Figure 11 is that one sedimentation unit plate of embodiment tests end of a period elevation；
Figure 12 is that two sedimentation unit plate of embodiment and non-sedimentation unit plate install top view；
Figure 13 is to implement two baffle arrangement elevation；
Figure 14 is three engineering elevation of embodiment；
Figure 15 is that three sedimentation unit plate of embodiment and non-sedimentation unit plate install top view；
Figure 16 a-16b is that schematic diagram is arranged in three push pipe of embodiment and sedimentation unit plate；
Figure 17 is example IV engineering elevation；
Figure 18 is example IV pipe culvert Longitudinal Settlement curve synoptic diagram；
Figure 19 is that example IV sedimentation unit plate and non-sedimentation unit plate install top view；
Figure 20 is example IV sedimentation unit plate displacement diagram along longitudinal direction；
Figure 21 a-21b is that schematic diagram is arranged in example IV push pipe and sedimentation unit plate；
Figure 22 a-22b is that five sedimentation unit plate of embodiment installs top view；
Figure 23 is six engineering schematic diagram of embodiment；
Figure 24 is that six sedimentation unit plate of embodiment and non-sedimentation unit plate install top view；
Figure 25 is that schematic diagram is arranged in six push pipe of embodiment and sedimentation unit plate；
Appended drawing reference: upper beam 1-1, platform beams 1-2, stringer 1-3, lower beam 1-4, column 2, bearing platform 3, test
Case 4, casing body frame 4-1, organic glass 4-2, the netted keel 5-1 of the bottom of box, square hole 5-2, non-sedimentation unit plate 5-3 sink
Cell board 5-4, lifting device 6, lifting power plant 6-1, push pipe platform board 6-2, push pipe 6-3, baffle 7 drop.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one: roadbed pipe culvert banket soil deformation simulation: pipe culvert/box culvert is vertical with road-trend, basis use
Bed course basis；
As shown in Fig. 5 to 11, soil arching effect simulation test device includes: rack, chamber 4, lifting device 6；
Wherein, rack includes two upper beam 1-1, two lower beam 1-4, two platform beams 1-2, four columns 2,6
Bearing platform 3 is set on root stringer 1-3, platform beams 1-2 and stringer 1-3, and chamber 4 is fixed on bearing platform 3；Upper cross
2 stringer 1-3 are respectively set to form rack framework at the position of lower beam 1-4 in beam 1-1；
Chamber 4 is the organic glass 4-2 for including casing body frame 4-1 and surrounding, and body frame 4-1 includes upper layer crossbeam and lower layer
Crossbeam and four columns, are arranged glass slot in lower layer's crossbeam, four columns, and organic glass 4-2 is mounted on by slot
On casing body frame 4-1, upper layer crossbeam lower surface is provided with slot, further fixes organic glass 4-2；It is drawn on organic glass backboard
It is formed with scale grid；Filler layering is carried out according to scale grid；
Netted keel 5-1 is arranged in the bottom of box, and netted keel are to be distributed in length and breadth, and the present embodiment is vertical using three cross four, netted
Keel 5-1 is fixed on casing body frame 4-1, and netted keel 5-1 and cabinet surrounding are formed with the identical square hole of 20 areas altogether
5-2；Or grid type framework is arranged in the bottom of box, setting 5 column, 4 row amounts to 20 square hole 5-2 in framework；
Cell board is placed in above-mentioned square hole 5-2；Wherein, centre one is classified as sedimentation unit plate 5-4, sedimentation unit plate 5-
4 quantity is 4 pieces (for simulating pipe culvert), the longitudinal uninterrupted connection of 4 pieces of sedimentation unit 5-4；Other are classified as non-sedimentation unit plate
5-3 (for simulating roadbed backfill basis), there is edge on non-tetra- side sedimentation unit plate 5-3 to be fixed on the keel of surrounding；Often
Block sedimentation unit plate 5-4 can be moved up and down in square hole 5-2；
Lifting device 6 includes: lifting power plant 6-1, push pipe platform board 6-2, push pipe 6-3；Lifting power plant uses
Hydraulic cylinder, can also be using other power devices such as screw rods；Push pipe platform board 6-2 is driven by lifting power plant to rise or drops
It falls；The position that square hole 5-2 is corresponding on push pipe platform board 6-2 is respectively provided with push pipe attachment device, in every piece of sedimentation unit plate 5-4
It divides into top set pipe 6-3, is not provided with push pipe 6-3 under every piece of sedimentation unit 5-4 other cell boards, push pipe 6-3 and push pipe platform board
Push pipe attachment device is using threaded connection or welding or the connection types such as clamping or grafting；
In addition, having the case where uniform load to simulate pipe culvert top, it is additionally provided with loading system above chamber 4, loads
System includes the jack being connected with upper beam 1-1, and with jack lower part device for measuring force interconnected, device for measuring force
Using proving ring, proving ring lower part is connect with the load plate of 4 top of chamber；In order to simulate the traffic loading on pipe culvert top, add
Loading system is replaced by vibration excitor；
Be provided with digital camera on front side of chamber short side direction, so as to measure test during the soil body displacement field；
In the present embodiment: sedimentation unit plate 5-4 is a hollow box body, and lower surface is provided with corresponding with the section push pipe 6-3
Jack, push pipe can directly contact the upper surface of sedimentation unit plate 5-4, and the infall process of better control settlement cell board is inserted
The effect in hole is to limit sedimentation unit plate and push pipe, and fixes sedimentation unit plate in lifting process and horizontal position does not occur
It moves.
Test process is as follows:
(1) push pipe 6-3 is installed corresponding to the position of sedimentation unit plate 5-4 on push pipe platform board；
(2) non-sedimentation unit plate 5-3 and sedimentation unit plate 5-4 is installed, the hole of sedimentation unit intralamellar part is directed at push pipe 6-
3；Lifting device 6 is controlled, push pipe 6-3 is risen and the upper level of sedimentation unit plate 5-4 is made to reach preset height；Push pipe platform
The displacement sedimentation table zeroing of installation on plate 6-2；
(3) in sedimentation unit plate 5-4 surface layout soil pressure cell；
(4) soil sample is prepared, three kinds of colors: yellow, green, the red soil body are specifically prepared, using washing mill base by soil sample
Dyeing, takes out after placing it in baking oven 25h, rubs broken be cooled to room temperature；
(5) it fills the soil body: circulated layered the soil body being set in cabinet according to yellow, green, red；And every layer soil body thickness is identical；
(6) loading system construction power: after the completion of filler, load plate is slowly placed in soil sample, loading system is passed through
Jack or vibration excitor are connect with load plate；
(7) lifting power plant 6-1 is controlled, so that push pipe platform board 6-2 and push pipe 6-3 gradually decline, final drive is sunk
Drop cell board 5-4 gradually declines；
(8) sedimentation unit plate vertical displacement-soil pressure change curve is drawn.
Embodiment two, in conjunction with attached drawing 12-13, due to having lateral keel below sedimentation unit plate 5-4 in embodiment one,
Its vertical displacement, which can only reach sedimentation unit plate and be higher by the height of non-sedimentation unit plate, (to be equivalent to culvert to banket higher than original ground
Highly), thus embodiment one can not simulate culvert and be located at original ground height situation below, be equivalent to sedimentation unit plate 5-4 table
Face is lower than the situation of non-sedimentation unit plate 6-3.
According to attached drawing 12: sedimentation unit plate 5-4 is integral plate, compared with former embodiment one, by sedimentation unit plate
Lateral keel below 5-4 is cancelled；This set method can simulate soil arch of the sedimentation unit plate in bigger sedimentation and deformation
Effect.
And it is located at original ground height situation below to simulate culvert, sedimentation unit plate 5-4 setting is single in non-sedimentation
The lower surface first plate 6-3, baffled 7 under the surrounding contact surface of sedimentation unit plate 5-4 and non-sedimentation unit plate and cabinet, gear
Plate 7 is located at below longitudinal keel and wall box；The soil body skids off when preventing sedimentation unit plate 5-4 from moving down.
Embodiment three: understanding in conjunction with attached drawing 14-16, the single pipe culvert simulation under plane strain condition: as shown in Fig. 14,
Pipe culvert diameter 1m, backfill dignity beam overall 2m backfill height 2m；According to the scale modeling of 1:2, sedimentation unit plate 5-4 setting exists
The non-sedimentation unit plate of 0.25m is respectively arranged in the two sides sedimentation unit plate 5-4 in centre, width 0.5m, sedimentation unit plate and non-heavy
The length of drop cell board is 2m and is integral slab, and non-sedimentation unit plate is directly anchored to cabinet by screw or other modes
On side wall；
By attached drawing 15-16 it is found that being uniformly arranged 1 row push pipe 6-3 along sedimentation unit plate, the quantity of push pipe is 4, push pipe
Spacing is 0.5m；
The sectional view of sedimentation unit plate 5-4 are as follows: top is semicircle, below rectangle；Top semicircle indicates pipe culvert top
Figure, lower rectangular indicate: the shape in concrete foundation is arranged in pipe culvert lower part；
Push pipe 6-3 is the same as example 1, and is still contacted with the upper surface panel of sedimentation unit plate 5-4, accurately to control
The sedimentation deformation of sedimentation unit plate 5-4；
The test process of embodiment three is as follows:
(1) 4 push pipe 6-3 are installed corresponding to the position of sedimentation unit plate 5-4 on push pipe platform board；
(2) non-sedimentation unit plate 5-3 and sedimentation unit plate 5-4 is installed, sedimentation unit plate is placed on push pipe 6-3, is led to
The hole slot of sedimentation unit plate lower surface is crossed to fix sedimentation unit plate and push pipe；Lifting device 6 is controlled, push pipe 6-3 is risen and makes
The upper level of sedimentation unit plate 5-4 reaches preset height；The displacement sedimentation table zeroing of installation on push pipe platform board 6-2；
(3) in sedimentation unit plate 5-4 surface layout soil pressure cell；
(4) soil sample is prepared, three kinds of colors: yellow, green, the red soil body are specifically prepared, using washing mill base by soil sample
Dyeing, takes out after placing it in baking oven 25h, rubs broken be cooled to room temperature；
(5) it fills the soil body: circulated layered the soil body being set in cabinet according to yellow, green, red；
(6) lifting power plant 6-1 is controlled, so that push pipe platform board 6-2 and push pipe 6-3 gradually decline, final drive is sunk
Drop cell board 5-4 gradually declines；
(7) sedimentation unit plate vertical displacement-soil pressure change curve is drawn.
Example IV: in conjunction with shown in attached drawing 17-21: often there is also differential settlements for pipe culvert longitudinal direction in Practical Project, lead to
It is as shown in figure 18 to cross the available pipe culvert Longitudinal Settlement curve of settlement observation.In order to study the soil arching effect of longitudinal pipe culvert, in order to just
In the soil arching effect of the observation pipe culvert longitudinal direction soil body, the middle position banketed is arranged in pipe culvert, thus using pair of the left and right sides
Title property is banketed to observe pipe culvert top along the deformation of pipe culvert.
According to the scale modeling of 1:1, sedimentation unit plate 5-4 setting is on right side, and non-sedimentation unit plate setting is in left side, sedimentation
Cell board 5-4 is set as 7 rows 1 column, and non-sedimentation unit plate is set as integral slab；The width of sedimentation unit plate is 0.5m, non-sedimentation
The overall width of cell board is also 0.5m；Filled slope is 2m；There is grid in the glass drafting of cabinet surrounding, grid scale is 10
× 10cm, in order to the installation with sedimentation unit plate of banketing；This programme digital camera is not only arranged in cabinet short side direction,
To be arranged in the corresponding two sides of experiment casing longitudinal direction, with comparative study pipe culvert side and the longitudinal soil of the side two parts soil body that bankets
Difference when body slides；In addition, digital camera is also changed to CT Scanner, the plan of establishment and background of CT Scanner in this programme
Document Visualization of soil arching on reinforced embankment with rigid pile
Foundation using X-ray CT is identical.The shape of sedimentation unit plate 5-4 is as shown in figure 21.
The test process of example IV is as follows:
(1) it is provided with lifting device 6 at the corresponding position every row sedimentation plate 5-4, lifting device 6 is provided with 7 altogether；?
Push pipe 6-3 is installed corresponding to the position of sedimentation unit plate 5-4 on push pipe platform board；
(2) non-sedimentation unit plate 5-3 and sedimentation unit plate 5-4 is installed, sedimentation unit plate is placed on push pipe 6-3, is led to
The hole slot of sedimentation unit plate lower surface is crossed to fix sedimentation unit plate and push pipe；Lifting device 6 is controlled, push pipe 6-3 is risen and makes
The upper level of sedimentation unit plate 5-4 reaches preset height；The displacement sedimentation table zeroing of installation on push pipe platform board 6-2；
(3) soil pressure cell is arranged on each surface sedimentation unit plate 5-4；
(4) soil sample is prepared, three kinds of colors: yellow, green, the red soil body are specifically prepared, using washing mill base by soil sample
Dyeing, takes out after placing it in baking oven 25h, rubs broken be cooled to room temperature；Every layer soil body with a thickness of 0.1m；
(5) it fills the soil body: circulated layered the soil body being set in cabinet according to yellow, green, red；
(6) the respective lifting power plant 6-1 of above-mentioned 7 lifting devices 6 is controlled, so that push pipe platform board 6-2 and push pipe
6-3 gradually declines, final that sedimentation unit plate 5-4 is driven gradually to decline；Wherein, the sedimentation deformation of sedimentation unit plate 5-4 is different,
Effect is as shown in figure 20.
(7) sedimentation unit plate longitudinal direction vertical displacement-soil pressure change curve is drawn.
In example IV: in order to enable sedimentation unit plate is interior at the same time to reach the displacement respectively set, in order to mention
The accuracy of height test, 7 lifting devices are connect with PLC, the lifting process of lifting device is controlled by PLC device.
Embodiment five: understand that different from the engineering specifications of embodiment three, pipe culvert basis is according to pile foundation etc. in conjunction with Figure 22
When basic, the sedimentation of pipe culvert is less than the sedimentation of the periphery soil body, and the test under this engineering background is also less at present.
Different from embodiment three, in the left and right sides, non-sedimentation unit plate 5-3 is arranged in centre for sedimentation unit plate 5-4 setting,
The two is integral slab, other test processes are identical as embodiment three.
In order to study the soil arching effect of foundation, the push pipe platform board under lifting unit 6 is not only corresponding heavy
Cell board 5-4 is dropped, non-sedimentation unit plate 5-3 is also corresponded to；Such as embodiment three, need to simulate soil arching effect when pipe culvert foundation settlement
When, the region where pipe culvert is sedimentation unit plate, push pipe is installed below the region corresponding to pipe culvert, to simulate pipe culvert sedimentation
When caused soil arching effect；And when in order to simulate pipe culvert using pile foundation, when soil body sedimentation in both sides is greater than pipe culvert sedimentation, pipe culvert
The region at place is non-sedimentation unit plate, only installs push pipe in the corresponding region of the both sides soil body.
The advantages of above-mentioned design, is easily to simulate the soil arching effect of foundation.
Embodiment six: in conjunction with shown in attached drawing 23-25, in Practical Project also: being embedded with two pipe culverts, each pipe culvert has certainly
Oneself basis；Base form and pipe culvert all the same, the backfill width 5m of embedded height, pipe culvert diameter is 1m, and filled slope is
2m, the cross section of pipe culvert are as follows: 1m+1m pipe culvert (basis)+1m+1m pipe culvert (basis)+1m that bankets that bankets bankets.For above-mentioned simulation
Test, the device of design are as shown in figure 24:
According to the scale modeling of 1:2, sedimentation unit plate 5-4 and non-sedimentation unit plate 5-3 are alternately arranged, and width is
0.5m, the soil body banket overall thickness as 1m；The length of sedimentation unit plate and non-sedimentation unit plate is 2m and is integral slab, non-heavy
Drop cell board is directly anchored on 4 side wall of cabinet by screw or welding manner.Figure 24 gives the push pipe 6-3 under two-tube culvert and sets
Set form.
The preferred embodiment of present aspect has already been described in detail above, it is understood that read it is of the invention it is above-mentioned in
Rong Hou, those skilled in the art can make various modifications or changes to the present invention.Such equivalent forms equally fall into the application institute
In the protection scope of attached claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of soil arching effect simulation test device, including chamber (4) and lifting device (6)；It is characterized by:
Sedimentation unit plate (5-4) and non-sedimentation unit plate (5-3) is arranged in chamber (4) bottom；Sedimentation unit plate (5-4) can on
Lower activity, non-sedimentation unit plate (5-3) can not be up and down；
The lifting device (6) includes lifting power plant (6-1), push pipe platform board (6-2), push pipe (6-3)；Push pipe platform board
(6-2) is risen or is landed by lifting power plant (6-1)；
Push pipe platform board (6-2) is corresponding with sedimentation unit plate, is arranged in push pipe platform board region corresponding with sedimentation unit plate
There is push pipe attachment device, is provided with push pipe (6-3) on the corresponding push pipe platform board of sedimentation unit plate (5-4), push pipe (6-3)
It is connect by push pipe attachment device with push pipe platform board, push pipe (6-3) is for rising and landing sedimentation unit plate (5-4)；
The sedimentation unit plate is used for model configuration object and its basis, and non-sedimentation unit plate is for simulating periphery filled ground；Or
The sedimentation unit plate is used for model configuration object and its basis for simulating periphery filled ground, non-sedimentation unit plate；
Wherein, the segment on sedimentation unit plate (5-4) divides in a longitudinal direction segment quantity and model configuration object and basis or
The segment quantity of person periphery filled ground is identical, is provided with independent lifting device below each sedimentation unit plate (5-4)
(6), lifting device (6) drives push pipe (6-3) lifting, and then reaches sedimentation unit plate (5-4) and generate different displacements, with simulation
The differential settlement that works and its basis or periphery filled ground generate.
2. a kind of soil arching effect simulation test device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: chamber is fixed on rack
On bearing platform (3), the rack includes upper beam (1-1), lower beam (1-4), platform beams (1-2), column (2), stringer
Bearing platform (3) are set on (1-3), platform beams (1-2) and stringer (1-3), the chamber (4) is fixed on bearing platform
(3) on；Stringer (1-3) is respectively set to form rack framework at the position of lower beam (1-4) in upper beam (1-1).
3. a kind of soil arching effect simulation test device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: chamber (4) includes cabinet
The organic glass (4-2) of body frame (4-1) and surrounding, body frame (4-1) include upper layer crossbeam and lower layer's crossbeam and four columns,
Glass slot is set on lower layer's crossbeam, four columns, organic glass (4-2) is mounted on casing body frame (4-1) by slot, on
Layer crossbeam lower surface is provided with slot；Drawing on organic glass backboard has scale grid.
4. a kind of soil arching effect simulation test device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: with sedimentation unit plate
Baffle (7) are provided with below the non-sedimentation unit plate (5-3) of (5-4) contact and/or wall box.
5. a kind of soil arching effect simulation test device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: above chamber (4) also
Equipped with loading system, box house filler system for monitoring displacement is arranged in cabinet periphery；
Loading system includes the jack being connected with upper beam (1-1), and is filled with jack lower part dynamometry interconnected
It sets, device for measuring force uses proving ring, and proving ring lower part is connect with the load plate above chamber (4)；
Box house filler system for monitoring displacement include: digital camera is provided on front side of chamber short side direction, and/or
The digital camera or CT Scanner of the corresponding two sides setting of experiment casing longitudinal direction.
6. a kind of soil arching effect simulation test device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: each lifting device
(6) it is connect with PLC, the movement of the lifting power plant (6-1) in lifting device is controlled by PLC.
7. the test method of soil arching effect simulation test device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Test procedure is as follows:
(1) push pipe (6-3) is installed at the position on push pipe platform board corresponding to sedimentation unit plate (5-4)；
(2) non-sedimentation unit plate (5-3) and sedimentation unit plate (5-4) are installed, sedimentation unit plate is placed on push pipe (6-3),
By the hole slot of sedimentation unit plate lower surface to fix sedimentation unit plate and push pipe；It controls lifting device (6), rises push pipe (6-
3) upper level of sedimentation unit plate (5-4) is made to reach preset height；The displacement of installation on push pipe platform board (6-2) is heavy
Petition of surrender zeroing；
(3) soil sample is prepared, three kinds of colors: yellow, green, the red soil body are specifically prepared, is dyed soil sample using washing mill base,
It is taken out after placing it in baking oven 25h, rubs broken be cooled to room temperature；
(4) it fills the soil body: circulated layered the soil body being set in cabinet according to yellow, green, red；After the soil body fills and reaches preset height
Carry out next step；
(5) process is tested: control lifting power plant (6-1), so that push pipe platform board (6-2) and push pipe (6-3) gradually decline,
It is final that sedimentation unit plate (5-4) is driven gradually to decline.
8. the test method of soil arching effect simulation test device as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that:
Test procedure further include:
In step (2), after completing sedimentation unit plate (5-4) installation, before banketing, in the upper surface sedimentation unit plate (5-4)
Arrange soil pressure cell；
In step (5), after on-test, loading system carries out the load of load to filler；
In step (5), digital camera shoots a soil body filler photograph, while soil pressure when push pipe (6-3) often moves down 0.1mm
Power box also acquires a data.
9. the test method of soil arching effect simulation test device as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that:
In test procedure (5), after chamber soil body upper level is reduced to preset height, lifting device and loading system stop
Work, continues to banket, and after the completion of banketing, controls lifting device and loading system running again, continues to test.
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| CN107748135B (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2024-04-12 | 山东大学 | Soil arch effect exploration device and test method in multi-displacement mode |
| CN110118648A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-08-13 | 重庆交通大学 | A kind of pipe culvert under inhomogeneous deformation-soil interaction pilot system and its test method |
| CN111636878B (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-10-22 | 广州地铁集团有限公司 | Pipe jacking construction method for double-hole door |
| CN112485125B (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2024-04-09 | 山东建筑大学 | Tunnel model test device and method capable of controlling soil loss rate |
| CN112697673B (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-09-17 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Visual test device and method for contact seepage damage of through-embankment pressureless culvert pipe |
| CN113176172B (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2023-03-31 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Device and method for measuring surface moisture content of sandstone aggregate |
| CN113776965B (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2023-10-03 | 湖北工业大学 | Simulation test device and method for change rule of culvert soil arch under load effect |
| CN114136970B (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2024-01-26 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Experimental method for researching back soil effect caused by rectangular pipe-jacking tunneling |
| CN115343448B (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2023-03-17 | 湖南大学 | Novel movable door model test device and method based on soil arch effect research |
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