CN112485125B - Tunnel model test device and method capable of controlling soil loss rate - Google Patents
Tunnel model test device and method capable of controlling soil loss rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN112485125B CN112485125B CN202011320037.4A CN202011320037A CN112485125B CN 112485125 B CN112485125 B CN 112485125B CN 202011320037 A CN202011320037 A CN 202011320037A CN 112485125 B CN112485125 B CN 112485125B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 10
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- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0044—Pneumatic means
- G01N2203/0046—Vacuum
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/023—Pressure
- G01N2203/0234—Low pressure; Vacuum
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
Abstract
The invention discloses a tunnel model test device and a tunnel model test method capable of controlling soil loss rate, which solve the problem that soil loss rate control cannot be performed in the prior art and have the beneficial effect of accurately controlling soil loss rate, and the concrete scheme is as follows: the tunnel model test device capable of controlling the soil loss rate comprises a tunnel main body structure module, wherein the tunnel main body structure module comprises a multi-stage sleeve structure provided with at least 3 sleeves, the multi-stage sleeve structure can be installed in a model test box, the innermost sleeve in the multi-stage sleeve structure is sealed in a circumferential direction, a plurality of sleeves except the innermost sleeve are respectively hollowed out, and two adjacent sleeves can be communicated in the moving process so that sand in the model test box enters the multi-stage sleeve structure; the hydraulic control module comprises a film sealing bin in which liquid is arranged, wherein the film sealing bin is arranged on the outer side of the innermost sleeve in the multistage sleeve structure, and the liquid in the film sealing bin can flow out of the multistage sleeve structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of civil engineering model tests, in particular to a tunnel model test device and a tunnel model test method capable of controlling soil loss rate.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The subway plays an important role in relieving ground traffic pressure, saving energy and reducing emission, and building the subway becomes an indispensable link in the city construction and development process. Along with the development and construction of urban underground rail transit, subway construction can influence the surrounding environment. Because the road sections through which the subway tunnel passes are mostly dense central areas of buildings, stratum loss, surrounding pore water pressure change, deformation of shield segment lining and other reasons generated in the construction process all can lead to redistribution of surrounding soil stress fields, soil displacement is caused, thus the upper earth surface is caused to generate sedimentation deformation, and further surrounding buildings are influenced and phenomena such as cracking, tilting and sedimentation are generated. Therefore, it is important to study the problem about the environmental influence of the subway tunnel on the neighboring building.
Currently, the inventor finds that the existing tunnel test model mostly uses a self-made small-sized shield tunneling machine to simulate the tunneling process until a tunnel is formed, for example, the patent with publication number of CN107091633A simulates the tunneling process of the shield tunneling machine by adopting the pushing of a thin steel pipe, but does not relate to soil loss caused by construction factors in the tunneling process of the shield tunneling machine. For solving the problem of soil loss caused by construction or grouting non-uniformity under the real working condition, the patent with the publication number of CN111103192A proposes to wrap around a pipeline by adopting a deformation control device filled with water, dynamically simulate the interaction between tunnel excavation and surrounding rock by pumping water, but not control the soil loss rate although the soil loss in the excavation process can be simulated, and the problem that an experimental device possibly has obvious soil arch effect in the experimental process is not considered, so that the reference value for the actual engineering is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the tunnel model test device capable of controlling the soil loss rate accurately, reducing the influence of the soil arch effect on the test by controlling the liquid discharge rate, simulating the stress-strain relation of the tunnel model under the corresponding working condition, accurately reflecting the influence of the soil loss on the surrounding environment and providing data support for related theoretical research.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a tunnel model test device for controlling soil loss rate, comprising:
the tunnel main body structure module comprises a multi-stage sleeve structure provided with at least 3 sleeves, the multi-stage sleeve structure can be installed in a model test box, the innermost sleeve in the multi-stage sleeve structure is sealed in a circumferential direction, a plurality of sleeves except the innermost sleeve are respectively arranged in a hollowed-out manner, and two adjacent sleeves can be communicated in the moving process so that sand bodies in the model test box enter the multi-stage sleeve structure;
the hydraulic control module comprises a film sealing bin in which liquid is arranged, wherein the film sealing bin is arranged on the outer side of the innermost sleeve in the multistage sleeve structure, and the outflow speed of the liquid in the film sealing bin from the multistage sleeve structure is controllable;
the measuring module comprises a strain gauge arranged on the inner wall of the multistage sleeve structure.
According to the model test device, the sleeves on the outer side of the tunnel main body structure module can be communicated, when the hollowed-out parts are staggered, the parts of the tunnel main body structure conveniently extend into the model test box, when a test is started, sand bodies in the model test box can enter the multi-stage sleeve structure through aligning the hollowed-out positions, simulation of a soil loss process is realized, liquid in the film sealing bin is pumped out through the hydraulic control module, the sand bodies further enter the outer side of the innermost sleeve, and the reduction of the volume of the film sealing bin can reflect the inflow amount of standard sand, so that the aim of controlling the soil loss rate is fulfilled; the influence of the soil arch effect on the test is reduced by controlling the outflow speed of the liquid in the film sealing bin, and the stress change condition of the inner wall of the tunnel model device in the soil loss process is recorded by the arrangement of the measuring module.
The tunnel model test device capable of controlling the soil loss rate comprises three sleeves sequentially arranged from outside to inside, wherein the primary outer sleeve at the outer side and the secondary outer sleeve at the middle part are slidably arranged so as to be convenient for communication at the hollowed-out parts of the primary outer sleeve and the secondary outer sleeve; the innermost core tube is fixedly connected with the secondary outer sleeve, and the innermost core tube and the secondary outer sleeve cannot slide relatively.
According to the tunnel model test device capable of controlling the soil loss rate, in order to accommodate the film sealing bin, a cavity is formed between the core tube and the secondary outer sleeve, and the film sealing bin is arranged in the cavity.
The tunnel model test device capable of controlling the soil loss rate comprises a film, wherein silicone oil is arranged in the film, the film is communicated with an oil pumping pipeline, and the oil pumping pipeline is arranged through the secondary outer sleeve;
the oil pumping pipeline is provided with a fluid valve at the outer side of the secondary outer sleeve, so that the outflow speed of silicone oil in the film sealing bin is controlled, and the effective control of the soil loss rate is realized.
The tunnel model test device with the controllable soil loss rate is characterized in that the measuring module further comprises a vacuum pressure gauge arranged on the outer side of the secondary outer sleeve, and the measuring end of the vacuum pressure gauge is arranged on the inner side of the film sealing bin and used for measuring the soil pressure around the tunnel model test device in the soil loss process.
According to the tunnel model test device capable of controlling the soil loss rate, the displacement limiting block is arranged on the outer side of the secondary outer sleeve and used for being matched with the end part of the same primary outer sleeve, and the secondary outer sleeve is limited when the hollow positions of the primary outer sleeve and the secondary outer sleeve are communicated.
According to the tunnel model test device capable of controlling the soil loss rate, the length of the core tube is longer than that of the secondary outer sleeve, so that the support of other sleeves is ensured.
The tunnel model test device with the controllable soil loss rate is characterized in that the tunnel main body structure module further comprises a device fixing ring arranged on the circumferential direction of the multi-stage sleeve structure, the device fixing ring is arranged on one side of the hollow part of the multi-stage sleeve structure, and the device fixing ring is provided with holes for fixing the tunnel main body structure module to the model test box.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides a tunnel model test method for controlling the soil loss rate, which comprises the tunnel model test device for controlling the soil loss rate.
The tunnel model test method capable of controlling the soil loss rate comprises the following steps:
extending the hollow section of the multi-stage sleeve structure into a model test box;
the middle sleeve is moved relative to the outermost sleeve, so that the outer sleeve is communicated at the hollowed-out position, and sand in the model test box enters the multistage sleeve structure;
the hydraulic control module extracts liquid from the film sealing bin for a plurality of times so that sand enters the secondary sleeve and acts on the outer side of the film sealing bin;
and (3) until the liquid in the film sealing bin is pumped out, recording the numerical change condition through a measuring module.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) The test device can be arranged in a model test box, can simulate the soil loss process, and the hydraulic control module is used for pumping out the liquid in the film sealing bin, so that sand body enters the inner side of the secondary sleeve, and the volume reduction of the film sealing bin can reflect the inflow amount of standard sand, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the soil loss rate; the influence of the soil arch effect on the test is reduced by controlling the liquid outflow speed of the film sealing bin, and the influence of the soil loss on the surrounding environment can be accurately reflected by recording the stress strain condition of the tunnel model test device in the soil loss process by the arrangement of the measuring module, so that data support is provided for related theoretical research;
and the test device can carry out a plurality of groups of tests according to a single variable relation, and can be matched with other equipment to carry out loading and simulation of soil excavation in a model test box test, so that a reliable test basis can be provided for theoretical research.
2) The test device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple result, convenience in operation, easiness in obtaining of model materials and capability of adjusting the size of the model according to the test requirement.
3) According to the invention, through the arrangement of the film sealing bin, soil body can enter the inner side of the secondary sleeve, the extraction speed and the extraction time of liquid in the film sealing bin are controlled through the fluid valve, the extraction amount of the liquid in the film sealing bin can be effectively controlled, and the soil body loss rate is effectively controlled.
4) According to the invention, the strain gauge is arranged in the core barrel, so that the internal force change condition of the wall of the core barrel in the soil body loss process is recorded, and the actual engineering is facilitated.
5) According to the invention, through the provision of the tunnel model test method, the soil loss rate can be accurately controlled, the influence of the soil arch effect on the test can be reduced by controlling the liquid pumping speed, meanwhile, the stress change condition of the tunnel model under the corresponding working condition can be simulated, the influence of the soil loss on the surrounding environment can be accurately reflected, and the data support is provided for related theoretical research.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a tunnel model test setup for controlling soil loss rate in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a primary outer sleeve and a secondary outer sleeve in a tunnel model test apparatus for controlling soil loss rate in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a secondary outer sleeve and core barrel in a tunnel model test setup with a controlled rate of soil loss in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure of a tunnel model test setup with a controlled rate of soil loss in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention.
In the figure: the mutual spacing or dimensions are exaggerated for the purpose of showing the positions of the various parts, and the schematic illustration is only schematic.
Wherein: 1-1 is a device fixing ring, 1-2 is a primary outer sleeve, 1-3 is a secondary outer sleeve, 1-4 is a core tube, 2-1 is a sealing ring, 2-2 is a vacuum pressure gauge, 2-3 is a displacement limiting block, 3-1 is a film sealing bin, 3-2 is a magnetic control fluid valve, 4-1 is a magnetic control fluid valve dial plate, 4-2 is a magnetic control fluid valve on-off key, 4-3 is an oil pumping pipeline, and 4-4 is the inner wall of the core tube.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular forms also are intended to include the plural forms unless the present invention clearly dictates otherwise, and furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and/or "include" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;
for convenience of description, the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" in the present invention, if they mean only that the directions are consistent with the upper, lower, left, and right directions of the drawings per se, and do not limit the structure, only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Term interpretation section: the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like in the present invention are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the terms are used herein as specific meanings as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art, and are not limited to the following terms.
As described in the background art, in order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a tunnel model test device and a tunnel model test method capable of controlling the soil loss rate.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, a tunnel model test apparatus for controlling soil loss rate includes a tunnel main body structure module, a hydraulic control module, and a measurement module. The tunnel main body structure module comprises a device fixing ring 1-1 and a multi-stage sleeve structure, the multi-stage sleeve structure can be installed in a model test box through the device fixing ring, the part of the multi-stage structure extends into the model test box, a hydraulic control module and a measuring module are arranged in the multi-stage sleeve structure, and the measuring module can be used for measuring the stress inside the multi-stage sleeve structure.
The multistage sleeve structure comprises a first-stage outer sleeve 1-2, a second-stage outer sleeve 1-3 and a core tube 1-4 which are arranged from outside to inside, wherein the three sleeves are sequentially nested, and one side of an operation end of the second-stage outer sleeve is provided with a displacement limiting block 2-3 for limiting the movement of the first-stage outer sleeve 1-2.
The hydraulic control module comprises a film sealing bin 3-1, a fluid valve and an oil pumping pipeline 4-3 for connecting the two, wherein the film sealing bin 3-1 is tightly connected with the secondary outer sleeve 1-3 and the core tube 1-4 through a sealing ring 2-1, namely a cavity is formed by a set distance between the secondary outer sleeve and the core tube, and the film sealing bin is arranged in the cavity; the measuring module comprises a vacuum pressure gauge 2-2 and a strain gauge of the inner wall 4-4 of the core tube.
The device fixing ring 1-1 is formed by combining an outer ring and a first tube, the first tube is fixedly connected with the first tube by using strong glue, the first tube is arranged on the annular direction of the first-stage outer sleeve 1-2, the first tube is a PVC tube, the metal outer ring is arranged on the annular direction of the PVC tube, the metal outer ring can be connected to a reserved position on the side wall of the model test box through bolts to fix the whole device, meanwhile, the connecting part of the device fixing ring and the first-stage outer sleeve, namely the first tube, is also a PVC tube, the connection of the first tube and the first-stage outer sleeve is realized by using strong glue, and the strong glue can achieve a good fixedly connection effect.
Further, the length of the first pipe is smaller than that of the first-stage outer sleeve, the outer ring is fixed to the end portion of the first pipe, the outer ring is provided with holes for bolts to pass through, the holes are formed in the axis direction of the first pipe, and a plurality of reinforcing ribs can be arranged between the outer ring and the first pipe.
The primary outer sleeve 1-2 can be made of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) pipes, the secondary outer sleeve 1-3 can also be made of PVC pipes, and the primary outer sleeve and the secondary outer sleeve are hollowed out on one side of the device fixing ring, so that the primary outer sleeve and the secondary outer sleeve are arranged in the model test box at intervals, the semi-annular hollowed-out parts can be specifically hollowed out, the semi-annular hollowed-out parts of the primary outer sleeve and the secondary outer sleeve are gradually overlapped to generate gaps along with the sliding of the secondary outer sleeve 1-3, sand bodies, namely standard sand, in the model test box are flushed in along with the semi-annular hollowed-out parts, and the hollowed-out positions of the secondary outer sleeve are contacted with the film sealing bin, so that the simulation of the soil loss process is realized.
It can be understood that, because the upper part of one side of the operation end of the secondary outer sleeve 1-3 is provided with the displacement limiting block 2-3, when the secondary outer sleeve 1-3 is pushed to the position completely overlapped with the hollowed-out part of the primary outer sleeve 1-2, the displacement limiting block 2-3 acts to limit the continuous movement of the secondary outer sleeve 1-3, so that the stability of the device is maintained.
The displacement limiting block is made of PVC material and is fixed on the upper part of one side of the operation end of the secondary outer sleeve by adopting strong glue, and when the secondary outer sleeve is pushed to move until the hollowed-out part of the secondary outer sleeve is completely overlapped with the hollowed-out part of the primary outer sleeve, the displacement limiting block is clamped at the port of the primary outer sleeve, so that the secondary outer sleeve is limited to move continuously.
In addition, it can be understood that the port of the first-stage outer sleeve on one side of the model box is sealed by PVC material, so that standard sand is prevented from rushing in from one side of the first-stage outer sleeve; and meanwhile, the port of one side of the secondary outer sleeve arranged on the model box is sealed by adopting PVC material, so that standard sand is prevented from rushing in from one side.
The core tube 1-4 can also adopt PVC pipe, wherein one side is provided with a sealing ring 2-1 in a circumferential direction to realize the connection with the end part of the secondary outer sleeve, and the sealing ring is arranged on the outer side of the core tube, so that the core tube is fixedly connected with the secondary outer sleeve 1-3 at the port of one side of the embedded model test box, namely, the core tube 1-4, the film sealing bin 3-1 and the secondary outer sleeve 1-3 do not slide relatively. Strain gauges are attached to the inner wall 4-4 of the core tube and are used for measuring the stress change condition of the inner wall of the tunnel model in the test process.
The vacuum pressure gauge measures the liquid pressure in the film sealing bin through the sealing ring, and the interface position of the vacuum pressure gauge and the sealing ring should be subjected to waterproof airtight treatment.
Referring to fig. 3, a film sealing bin 3-1 is tightly attached between the secondary outer sleeve and the core tube 1-3, the film sealing bin comprises a film, oil is arranged in the film, specifically, the whole film sealing bin is filled with polytetrafluoroethylene film and silicone oil in the film, wherein the silicone oil is adopted because the volume change of the silicone oil is not easily affected by temperature effect, and the film sealing bin has good adaptability to the environment. When the amount of silicone oil in the film seal magazine 3-1 decreases, standard sand confining around it will flow into the inner cavity of the secondary sleeve and press the seal film as the volume of the film seal magazine 3-1 decreases.
The fluid valve is a magnetic control fluid valve 3-2, and the oil pumping pipeline is connected to the inside of the film sealing bin through a sealing ring and is used for extracting silicone oil in the film sealing bin, measuring and controlling the volume of liquid extracted from the film sealing bin.
The hollow section of the tunnel model test device stretches into the model test box, and one side of the operating end of the tunnel model test device mainly refers to one side provided with a vacuum pressure gauge 2-2, a magnetic control fluid valve 3-2 and an oil pumping pipeline 4-3. The magnetic control fluid valve controls the silicone oil quantity in the film sealing bin 3-1, and the displacement quantity of the secondary outer sleeve 1-3 can be controlled at the operation end.
The tunnel model test method of the controllable soil loss rate is shown with reference to figures 1-4, and comprises the tunnel model test device of the controllable soil loss rate, and specifically comprises the following contents:
the hollowed positions of the first-stage outer sleeve and the second-stage outer sleeve are distributed in a staggered manner, so that the device is in a closed state at the beginning, the whole test device is installed and positioned on a model test box according to the simulation requirement and is buried by standard sand, leveling and standing are carried out after the filling is finished, the standing time is generally 12-24 hours, and the line connection on a strain box (connected with a strain gauge) can be checked again during the standing time;
when the test is carried out, the numerical value of the vacuum pressure gauge 2-2 is calibrated and zeroed, the data of the strain box is zeroed, and the data is recorded after the numerical value of the vacuum pressure gauge is stabilized. At the moment, a power supply of the magnetic control fluid valve is connected, and the oil pump is ready to be connected to the oil pumping pipeline for subsequent pumping of silicone oil;
pushing the secondary outer sleeve 1-3 to the position of the displacement limiting block 2-3 for limiting displacement, so that the hollowed-out parts of the primary outer sleeve and the secondary outer sleeve are staggered, at the moment, standard sand extrudes the film sealing bin, the numerical value change of the vacuum pressure gauge 2-2 is observed, and corresponding records are made after the numerical value is stable;
clicking a switch key 4-2 of a magnetic control fluid valve 3-2, observing whether a dial 4-1 of the magnetic control fluid valve is in a normal state or not, sequentially extracting a set amount of silicone oil from an oil pumping pipeline 4-3 according to a variable of test division, strictly controlling the oil pumping speed in the oil pumping process to avoid the adverse effect on test results caused by the fact that a large soil arch effect is generated in a model test box due to too fast soil loss, suspending oil pumping after each oil pumping is finished, observing the numerical change condition of a vacuum pressure gauge 2-2, and performing next oil pumping work after the numerical value is stable;
repeating the operation until all the silicone oil in the film sealing bin 3-1 is pumped out, closing the magnetic control fluid valve 3-2, and disconnecting the oil pump;
in the oil pumping process, the change condition of the numerical value is recorded through the strain gauge of the measuring module, so that the change condition of the internal force on the inner wall of the core tube of the tunnel model is obtained.
The strain gauge and terminal welding circuit inside the core tube can be connected to the strain box through one side of the operating end of the core tube.
Before the relative sliding of the first-stage outer sleeve and the second-stage outer sleeve, the device is in a closed state to protect the film sealing bin, so that the stability of an initial pressure value of the film sealing bin is ensured, and meanwhile, the film sealing bin is not affected by adverse effects caused by operation of the device in a landfill process. When the first-stage outer sleeve and the second-stage outer sleeve slide relatively, the hollowed positions of the two-stage sleeves gradually coincide with the movement of the sleeves, at the moment, standard sand is contacted with the film sealing bin, and the standard sand surrounds the film sealing bin to generate confining pressure. When the pressure of the outer side of the film and the pressure of the liquid of the inner side reach a stable balance state, the liquid in the film sealing bin is gradually and slowly extracted, and the inflow amount of standard sand can be reflected by the volume reduction of the film sealing bin, so that the aim of controlling the soil loss rate is fulfilled.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a controllable soil body loss rate's tunnel model test device which characterized in that includes:
the tunnel main body structure module comprises a multi-stage sleeve structure provided with at least 3 sleeves, the multi-stage sleeve structure can be installed in a model test box, the innermost sleeve in the multi-stage sleeve structure is sealed in a circumferential direction, a plurality of sleeves except the innermost sleeve are respectively arranged in a hollowed-out manner, and two adjacent sleeves can be communicated in the moving process so that sand bodies in the model test box enter the multi-stage sleeve structure;
the hydraulic control module comprises a film sealing bin in which liquid is arranged, wherein the film sealing bin is arranged on the outer side of the innermost sleeve in the multistage sleeve structure, and the outflow speed of the liquid in the film sealing bin from the multistage sleeve structure is controllable;
the measuring module comprises a strain gauge arranged on the inner wall of the multistage sleeve structure;
according to the model test device, the sleeves on the outer side of the tunnel main body structure module can be communicated, when the hollowed-out parts are staggered, the parts of the tunnel main body structure conveniently extend into the model test box, when a test is started, sand bodies in the model test box can enter the multi-stage sleeve structure through aligning the hollowed-out positions, simulation of a soil loss process is realized, liquid in the film sealing bin is pumped out through the hydraulic control module, the sand bodies further enter the outer side of the innermost sleeve, and the reduction of the volume of the film sealing bin can reflect the inflow amount of standard sand, so that the aim of controlling the soil loss rate is fulfilled; the influence of the soil arch effect on the test is reduced by controlling the outflow speed of the liquid in the film sealing bin, and the stress change condition of the inner wall of the tunnel model device in the soil loss process is recorded by the arrangement of the measuring module.
2. The tunnel model test device capable of controlling soil loss rate according to claim 1, wherein the multi-stage sleeve structure comprises three sleeves sequentially arranged from outside to inside, and a primary outer sleeve on the outer side and a secondary outer sleeve on the middle are slidably arranged; the innermost core tube is fixedly connected with the secondary outer sleeve.
3. The tunnel model test device for controlling soil loss rate according to claim 2, wherein a cavity is formed between the core tube and the secondary outer sleeve, and the film sealing bin is arranged in the cavity.
4. A tunnel model test device capable of controlling soil loss rate according to claim 3, wherein the film sealing bin comprises a film, silicone oil is arranged in the film, the film is communicated with an oil pumping pipeline, and the oil pumping pipeline is arranged through the secondary outer sleeve;
the pumping pipeline is provided with a fluid valve at the outer side of the secondary outer sleeve.
5. The tunnel model test device for controlling soil loss rate according to claim 3, wherein the measuring module further comprises a vacuum pressure gauge arranged on the outer side of the secondary outer sleeve, and a measuring end of the vacuum pressure gauge is arranged on the inner side of the film sealing bin.
6. The tunnel model test device for controlling soil loss rate according to claim 2, wherein a displacement limiting block is arranged on the outer side of the secondary outer sleeve and is used for being matched with the end part of the same-stage outer sleeve.
7. The tunnel model test device for controlling soil loss rate according to claim 2, wherein the length of the core tube is longer than that of the secondary outer sleeve.
8. The tunnel model test device of controllable soil loss rate according to claim 1, wherein the tunnel main body structure module further comprises a device fixing ring arranged on the circumferential direction of the multi-stage sleeve structure, the device fixing ring is arranged on one side of the hollow part of the multi-stage sleeve structure, and the device fixing ring is provided with an opening for fixing the tunnel main body structure module to the model test box.
9. A tunnel model test method for controlling soil loss rate, characterized in that the tunnel model test device for controlling soil loss rate according to any one of claims 1-8 is adopted, comprising the following contents:
extending the hollow section of the multi-stage sleeve structure into a model test box;
the middle sleeve is moved relative to the outermost sleeve, so that the outer sleeve is communicated at the hollowed-out position, and sand in the model test box enters the multistage sleeve structure;
the hydraulic control module extracts liquid from the film sealing bin for a plurality of times so that sand bodies enter the outer side of the innermost sleeve of the multistage sleeve structure;
and (3) until the liquid in the film sealing bin is pumped out, recording the numerical change condition through a measuring module.
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| CN113281179B (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2023-03-17 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Shield tunnel excavation model test box |
| CN113341109B (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2023-02-24 | 大连海事大学 | Tunnel grouting reinforcement, lifting and excavation overall process simulation device and simulation method |
| CN114659895B (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-09-13 | 西南交通大学 | Simulation device and simulation method for shield tunnel segment deformation and ground surface settlement |
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