CN114659895B - Simulation device and simulation method for shield tunnel segment deformation and ground surface settlement - Google Patents
Simulation device and simulation method for shield tunnel segment deformation and ground surface settlement Download PDFInfo
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- CN114659895B CN114659895B CN202210387965.5A CN202210387965A CN114659895B CN 114659895 B CN114659895 B CN 114659895B CN 202210387965 A CN202210387965 A CN 202210387965A CN 114659895 B CN114659895 B CN 114659895B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation device and a simulation method for shield tunnel segment deformation and ground surface settlement, which comprise a stabilizing frame, a shell assembly arranged on the stabilizing frame, a limiter arranged in the shell assembly and used for limiting the shield tunnel segment in the X direction and the Y direction, and a stratum simulation assembly positioned below the shield tunnel segment and used for simulating a stratum structure; the stopper through extending structure has realized the effective prevention and control to displacement on the shield tunnel section of jurisdiction horizontal plane, utilize the multilayer stratum spring that the bottom can freely be dismantled, the subside deformation of high accuracy displacement sensor monitoring tunnel multiposition is passed through on upper portion, the stopper through extending structure after the shield tunnel section of jurisdiction is assembled to accomplish realizes the fixed to shield tunnel section of jurisdiction position with the cooperation of shell subassembly, realize the analogue test on polymorphic type stratum, it is applicable in different tunnel model diameters, different compound stratum.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological environment of tunnel construction, in particular to a simulation device and a simulation method for shield tunnel segment deformation and ground surface settlement.
Background
At present, because shield tunnel is at the tunnelling speed, have obvious advantage in traffic disturbance and construction safety to the ground, the tunnel of a large amount of shields is applied to city subway interval tunnel, and because application range is bigger and bigger, the stratum environment that the tunnel faces is also more and more complicated, the tunnel not only will pass the region of a large amount of city buildings, still can face the excavation of earth's surface foundation ditch, in addition, the discontinuous condition in soft or hard stratum also can appear, these problems not only can lead to the earth's surface differential settlement, also can influence the operation of building on the ground and underground interval tunnel.
The study of inducing surface subsidence by tunnel excavation based on composite stratum mainly focuses on two aspects of theoretical analysis and field actual measurement, a Moire Coulomb (MC) model is mostly selected for a soil body constitutive model in the actual tunnel excavation engineering design for numerical calculation, the required material parameters are simple, and the method can be obtained through a laboratory, so that the method is very widely applied to the actual engineering design.
However, it should be noted that the value prediction of the surface subsider induced by tunnel excavation using the Mohr Coulomb (MC) model is different from the gaussian empirical curve or the measured data, especially for the excavation of sandy soil tunnels. The selection of the Moire Coulomb (MC) model greatly underestimates the actual settlement of the earth surface, and the guidance on the engineering is not safe. The cambridge model or the modified cambridge (MCC) model has certain optimization function on the surface subsidence prediction. However, the stratum in nature is mostly a composite stratum or even a non-homogeneous soil stratum, which is still not suitable for engineering guidance.
This requires high costs and long cycle times with some risk if a field test or large laboratory test reduction environment is used. When the obtained theoretical or empirical formula is adopted, the error between the obtained result and the engineering result is large, so that a device for simulating the deformation of the inter-ring joint of the shield tunnel segment and the surface subsidence of different layers of the surface is urgently needed, and the deformation and the subsidence of the model are conveniently and effectively measured.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a device and a method for simulating shield tunnel segment deformation and ground surface settlement.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a simulation device for shield tunnel segment deformation and ground surface settlement comprises a stabilizing frame, a shell assembly arranged on the stabilizing frame, a limiter arranged in the shell assembly and used for limiting the shield tunnel segment in the X direction and the Y direction, and a stratum simulation assembly located below the shield tunnel segment and used for simulating a stratum structure;
the top surface of shield tunnel section of jurisdiction is provided with the load loading board, has arranged the monitoring piece that is used for monitoring deformation and subsides on the load loading board for X sets up respectively between the side of shield tunnel section of jurisdiction and shell subassembly to spacing stopper, is used for Y to set up respectively between the terminal surface of shield tunnel section of jurisdiction and shell subassembly to spacing stopper.
Furtherly, the stopper includes the expansion plate support and sets up expansion plate and the spring sleeve on the expansion plate support respectively, and the flexible end of expansion plate slides and extends to in the spring sleeve to with set up the horizontal stratum spring butt in the spring sleeve, the tip of expansion plate support is connected with shell subassembly, the terminal surface and the shield tunnel section of jurisdiction of spring sleeve are connected.
Furthermore, the horizontal stratum springs are sequentially provided with a plurality of groups along the height direction of the spring sleeve, and a space is reserved between every two adjacent horizontal stratum springs.
Furthermore, the stratum simulation subassembly includes limiting plate, biography power shear plate, is located the anti-inclined to one side board that passes power shear plate and sets up the spring dismantled between limiting plate and anti-inclined to one side board, and the limiting plate sets up on the steady rest.
Furthermore, the stratum simulation subassembly is the multiunit, and sets up along the steady rest direction of height, and the power of passing of the stratum simulation subassembly of lower floor shear plate is as the limiting plate of the stratum simulation subassembly of upper strata.
Furthermore, the device also comprises universal wheels, wherein the universal wheels are arranged on the stabilizing frame through rotating connecting rods, and folding fixing supports for fixing the position of the device are arranged on the rotating connecting rods.
Furthermore, a suspension rod is arranged on the stabilizing frame, and the monitoring pieces are distributed on the suspension rod.
The invention also provides a simulation method of shield tunnel segment deformation and surface subsidence under the composite stratum, which adopts the simulation device to simulate and comprises the following steps:
s1: adjusting the position of the limiter to ensure the displacement limitation of the shield tunnel segment in the X direction and the Y direction;
s2: arranging a loading plate above a shield tunnel segment to simulate the load loading condition of the working condition, horizontally placing a load bearing plate on the shield tunnel segment, installing a multi-position monitoring piece after the load bearing plate is placed, recording the deformation and settlement conditions of a tunnel structure at different positions, fixing the monitoring piece on a reserved fixing rod at the top, and then adjusting the monitoring piece to 0 scale;
s3: according to the working condition simulated by the test, the rigidity of the stratum spring and the force transfer shear plate at the lower part is adjusted to the stratum where the simulated working condition is located, and then the stratum spring and the force transfer shear plate are installed and placed into a device to wait for loading;
s4: applying upper load, and monitoring the settlement of shield tunnel segments every 1-2 min;
s5: after the load application was completed, the device was allowed to stand and the data was monitored once at even intervals.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the simulation device and the simulation method for shield tunnel segment deformation and ground surface settlement, displacement on the horizontal plane of the shield tunnel segment is effectively prevented and controlled through the position limiter of the telescopic structure, the multi-position settlement deformation of the tunnel is monitored through the high-precision displacement sensor at the upper part by utilizing the multi-layer stratum springs with the bottoms capable of being freely disassembled, the position of the shield tunnel segment is fixed through the matching of the position limiter of the telescopic structure and the shell component after the shield tunnel segment is assembled, simulation tests of various types of strata are realized, and the simulation device and the simulation method are suitable for different tunnel model diameters and different composite strata. In addition, according to the shield tunnel loading device, the split loading plate is adopted above the shield tunnel segment, meanwhile, the foldable loading plate is adopted according to the loading range, the width of the loading plate is adjusted, and the split loading of the loading plate is carried out according to the number of the segments, so that the loading reliability is greatly improved. In addition, the folding type fixing supports are arranged on the universal wheels, so that the universal wheels can facilitate the movement of the device, the device can be fixed by the arranged folding type fixing supports, the efficiency is improved, the fixing supports at the bottom of the device can be unfolded to fix the device in a sufficient space, and the service performance of the device is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the stopper of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a formation simulation assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the universal wheel of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a simulation apparatus for shield tunnel segment deformation and ground surface settlement comprises a stabilizing frame 1, a housing assembly 2 arranged on the stabilizing frame 1, a stopper 3 arranged in the housing assembly 2 and used for limiting the shield tunnel segment 10 in the X direction and the Y direction, and a stratum simulation assembly 4 located below the shield tunnel segment 10 and used for simulating a stratum structure. The limiters 3 are four groups, and are used for X to be respectively arranged between the side surface of the shield tunnel segment 10 and the shell component 2 to the limiting limiters 3, and for Y to be respectively arranged between the end surface of the shield tunnel segment 10 and the shell component 2 to the limiting limiters 3, and the limiting effect of the device on the segment is realized through the shell component 2 and the limiters 3. Through wherein two sets of stopper 3 restriction tunnel left and right sides's Y direction displacement, release X, Z direction displacement, through the X direction displacement of other two sets of stopper 3 restriction tunnel left and right sides, release Y, Z direction displacement. The stratum simulation component 4 is used for simulating the stratum conditions and realizing the simulation test of various types of stratums.
The top surface of shield tunnel section of jurisdiction 10 is provided with load bearing board 5, has arranged on load bearing board 5 and has been used for monitoring the monitoring piece 6 that warp and subside. The stabilizer 1 is provided with a suspension rod 9, and the monitoring pieces 6 are distributed on the suspension rod 9. The monitoring piece 6 adopts a displacement sensor, and the deformation and settlement conditions of the tunnel structure at different positions are recorded through the displacement sensor. The load bearing plates 5 can be of a split type or a folding type, the number of the load bearing plates can be overlapped according to the number of the shield tunnel segments 10, and the load loading reliability is improved.
As shown in fig. 2, the stopper 3 includes a telescopic plate support 30, and a telescopic plate 31 and a spring sleeve 32 respectively disposed on the telescopic plate support 30, wherein a telescopic end of the telescopic plate 31 slidably extends into the spring sleeve 32 and abuts against a horizontal formation spring 33 disposed in the spring sleeve 32, an end of the telescopic plate support 30 is connected with the housing assembly 2, and an end surface of the spring sleeve 32 is connected with the shield tunnel segment 10. The stopper 3 with the telescopic structure realizes effective prevention and control of displacement on the horizontal plane of the shield tunnel segment 10. And simultaneously, the simulation of the horizontal stratum is realized by installing a horizontal spring on the limit plate 40. The horizontal ground springs 33 are sequentially arranged in a plurality of groups in the height direction of the spring sleeve 32, and a space is formed between the adjacent horizontal ground springs 33.
As shown in fig. 3, the formation simulation module 4 comprises a limiting plate 40, a force transfer shear plate 41, a deviation preventing plate 42 located inside the force transfer shear plate 41, and a detachable spring 43 arranged between the limiting plate 40 and the deviation preventing plate 42, the limiting plate 40 being arranged on the stabilizer 1. The stratum simulation assemblies 4 are in multiple groups and are arranged along the height direction of the stabilizing frame 1, and the force transmission shear plate 41 of the stratum simulation assembly 4 on the lower layer is used as the limiting plate 40 of the stratum simulation assembly 4 on the upper layer.
As shown in fig. 4, the simulation apparatus further comprises a universal wheel 20, the universal wheel 20 is arranged on the steady rest 1 through a rotating connecting rod 7, and a folding fixing support 8 for fixing the position of the apparatus is arranged on the rotating connecting rod 7. The universal wheels 20 are provided with the folding fixing supports, so that the universal wheels 20 can facilitate the movement of the device, the position of the device can be fixed by the folding fixing supports, the efficiency is improved, the fixing supports of the bottom device of the device can be unfolded to fix the position of the device in a sufficient space, and the use performance of the device is improved.
The invention also provides a simulation method of shield tunnel segment deformation and surface subsidence under the composite stratum, which adopts the simulation device to simulate and comprises the following steps:
s1: adjusting the position of the limiter 3 to ensure the displacement limitation of the shield tunnel segment 10 in the X direction and the Y direction; the displacement in the Y direction of the left side and the right side of the tunnel is limited by two groups of limiters 3, and the displacement in the X direction and the Z direction is released; the displacement in the X direction of the left side and the right side of the tunnel is limited by two groups of limiters 3, and the displacement in the Y direction and the Z direction is released;
s2: arranging a loading plate above a shield tunnel segment 10 to simulate the load loading condition of the working condition, horizontally placing a load bearing plate 5 on the shield tunnel segment 10, installing a multi-position monitoring piece 6 after the load bearing plate 5 is placed, recording the deformation and settlement conditions of a tunnel structure at different positions, fixing the monitoring piece 6 on a reserved fixing rod at the top, and then adjusting the monitoring piece 6 to 0 scale;
s3: according to the working condition simulated by the test, the rigidity of the stratum spring and the force transfer shear plate 41 at the lower part is adjusted to the stratum where the simulated working condition is located, and then the stratum spring and the force transfer shear plate 41 are installed and placed into a device to wait for loading; according to different strata rigidity, stratum springs with different lengths, different turns and different diameters are used, the shearing rigidity of a multilayer stratum is simulated by using a horizontal flat plate, and a steel plate with higher rigidity is used at the bottommost layer, so that deformation is avoided under the application of load;
s4: applying an upper load, and monitoring the settlement of the shield tunnel segment 10 every 1-2 min;
s5: after the load application is completed, the device is placed still, and data is monitored once at uniform intervals, wherein the interval is 5 min. After the test is finished, the simulation device is sequentially dismounted, and the device is moved to a proper position to save space.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A simulation device for shield tunnel segment deformation and ground surface settlement is characterized by comprising a stabilizing frame (1), a shell assembly (2) arranged on the stabilizing frame (1), a limiter (3) arranged in the shell assembly (2) and used for limiting a shield tunnel segment (10) in the X direction and the Y direction, and a stratum simulation assembly (4) located below the shield tunnel segment (10) and used for simulating a stratum structure;
the top surface of the shield tunnel segment (10) is provided with a load bearing plate (5), the load bearing plate (5) is provided with a monitoring piece (6) for monitoring deformation and settlement, the limiters (3) for limiting in the X direction are respectively arranged between the side surface of the shield tunnel segment (10) and the shell component (2), and the limiters (3) for limiting in the Y direction are respectively arranged between the end surface of the shield tunnel segment (10) and the shell component (2);
the limiting stopper (3) comprises a telescopic plate support (30), a telescopic plate (31) and a spring sleeve (32) which are arranged on the telescopic plate support (30) respectively, the telescopic end of the telescopic plate (31) extends into the spring sleeve (32) in a sliding mode and is abutted against a horizontal stratum spring (33) arranged in the spring sleeve (32), the end portion of the telescopic plate support (30) is connected with the shell assembly (2), and the end face of the spring sleeve (32) is connected with the shield tunnel segment (10);
the horizontal stratum springs (33) are sequentially provided with a plurality of groups along the height direction of the spring sleeve (32), and a space is reserved between every two adjacent horizontal stratum springs (33).
2. The simulation apparatus of shield tunnel segment deformation and surface subsidence of claim 1, wherein the formation simulation assembly (4) comprises a limiting plate (40), a force-transmitting shear plate (41), a deviation preventing plate (42) located in the force-transmitting shear plate (41), and a detachable spring (43) arranged between the limiting plate (40) and the deviation preventing plate (42), the limiting plate (40) is arranged on the stabilizing frame (1).
3. The simulation device for shield tunnel segment deformation and ground surface settlement according to claim 2, wherein the stratum simulation modules (4) are in multiple groups and are arranged along the height direction of the stabilizing frame (1), and the force-transmitting shear plate (41) of the stratum simulation module (4) on the lower layer is used as the limiting plate (40) of the stratum simulation module (4) on the upper layer.
4. The simulation device for shield tunnel segment deformation and ground surface subsidence of claim 1, further comprising universal wheels (20), wherein the universal wheels (20) are arranged on the stabilizing frame (1) through rotating connecting rods (7), and folding fixing supports (8) for fixing the positions of the devices are arranged on the rotating connecting rods (7).
5. The simulation device for shield tunnel segment deformation and ground surface settlement according to claim 1, wherein the stabilizer (1) is provided with suspension rods (9), and the monitoring pieces (6) are distributed on the suspension rods (9).
6. A simulation method for shield tunnel segment deformation and ground surface settlement under a composite stratum is characterized in that the simulation device of any one of claims 1 to 5 is adopted for simulation, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: the position of the limiting stopper (3) is adjusted to ensure the displacement limitation of the shield tunnel segment (10) in the X direction and the Y direction;
s2: arranging a loading plate above a shield tunnel segment (10) to simulate the load loading condition of a working condition, horizontally placing a load bearing plate (5) on the shield tunnel segment (10), installing a multi-position monitoring piece (6) after the load bearing plate (5) is placed, recording the deformation and settlement conditions of a tunnel structure at different positions, fixing the monitoring piece (6) on a reserved fixing rod at the top, and then adjusting the monitoring piece (6) to 0 scale;
s3: according to the working condition simulated by the test, the rigidity of the stratum spring and the force transfer shear plate (41) at the lower part is adjusted to the stratum where the simulated working condition is located, and then the stratum spring and the force transfer shear plate (41) are installed and placed into a device to wait for loading;
s4: applying upper load, and monitoring the settlement of the shield tunnel segment (10) every 1-2 min;
s5: after the load application was completed, the device was allowed to stand and the data was monitored once at even intervals.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210387965.5A CN114659895B (en) | 2022-04-13 | 2022-04-13 | Simulation device and simulation method for shield tunnel segment deformation and ground surface settlement |
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| CN202210387965.5A CN114659895B (en) | 2022-04-13 | 2022-04-13 | Simulation device and simulation method for shield tunnel segment deformation and ground surface settlement |
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| CN114659895A CN114659895A (en) | 2022-06-24 |
| CN114659895B true CN114659895B (en) | 2022-09-13 |
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Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3960408A (en) * | 1974-03-18 | 1976-06-01 | World Oil Mining Ltd. | Tunnel layout for longwall mining using shields |
| CN103105310A (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2013-05-15 | 北京工业大学 | Testing device and method of ground deformation caused by simulating metro shield tunnel construction |
| CN108827669B (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2020-11-27 | 同济大学 | Test system for simulating deformation and damage characteristics of tunnel |
| CN108982219A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-11 | 北方工业大学 | Tunnel fault dislocation model test device and dislocation model test system |
| CN108872297B (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2023-12-05 | 中铁十五局集团有限公司 | Shield tail grouting slurry coagulation and segment floating process model test device |
| CN109269900B (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2021-10-08 | 同济大学 | Stratum simulation and loading test device for multi-ring shield tunnel structure |
| CN209838413U (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-12-24 | 中国海洋大学 | Test device for sharp bending tunnel model |
| CN109342698B (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2024-01-26 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Test platform and test method for simulating settlement of earth covering body on shield tunnel |
| CN112485125B (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2024-04-09 | 山东建筑大学 | Tunnel model test device and method capable of controlling soil loss rate |
| CN113418647B (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2022-07-12 | 腾达建设集团股份有限公司 | Floating force testing device and method for shield segment in surrounding rock |
| CN114061875B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-09-01 | 华北水利水电大学 | Goaf dynamic response experimental device under action of simulated tunnel vehicle vibration load |
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