CN109342698B - Test platform and test method for simulating settlement of earth covering body on shield tunnel - Google Patents
Test platform and test method for simulating settlement of earth covering body on shield tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN109342698B CN109342698B CN201811567288.5A CN201811567288A CN109342698B CN 109342698 B CN109342698 B CN 109342698B CN 201811567288 A CN201811567288 A CN 201811567288A CN 109342698 B CN109342698 B CN 109342698B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
Abstract
The invention provides a test platform for simulating the settlement of an earth covering body on a shield tunnel, which is used for simulating the whole circular shield tunnel by freely selecting a section of arc length of an actual tunnel cross section to be simulated, simulating soil bodies above an arch top in the actual excavation process by arranging soil layers with different thicknesses and different properties on the upper part of the circular tunnel, realizing excavation grouting on the upper part of a bottom plate, and controlling and simulating shield excavation by grouting pressure and pressure relief conditions in the excavation grouting layer. The upper covering pressure is uniform, the upper covering pressure of the simulated soil layer is unchanged in the shield excavation process, and the simulation is more real and is close to the actual shield excavation. The invention is convenient to manufacture, can be dismantled, recycled and reused, further explores the soil body layering sedimentation rule, and better carries out sedimentation monitoring and guides the construction of the shield tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of shield tunnel settlement tests, in particular to a test platform and a test method for simulating settlement of an upper earth covering body of a shield tunnel.
Background
With the construction of urban subways, shield technology is greatly developed. The shield construction technology is a key technology of subway construction engineering, and along with continuous track traffic construction, the shield construction occupies a place in urban track traffic construction due to the rapid, safe and rapid construction. But the earth surface subsidence becomes a non-negligible problem, and especially in the subway tunnel construction process, the control of the subsidence of the soil body is important. At present, although relevant monitoring means for earth surface subsidence exist, most structures are complex, on-site monitoring cannot be effectively implemented due to various limitations of construction conditions, and similar simulation in a shield room is difficult, so that in order to figure out the subsidence rule of an overlying soil body in the shield tunnel excavation process, and meanwhile, the influence of simulated grouting on earth surface subsidence control is important, and it is important to design a similar simulation experiment platform with an indoor 1:1.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a shield tunnel upper earth covering body settlement simulation test platform which is designed according to the scale size of an actual shield tunnel in a ratio of 1:1, can simulate layered settlement, more truly and accurately simulate the influence of shield tunnel upper earth covering body excavation settlement and grouting on settlement control, and is convenient to manufacture and assemble and capable of being dismantled for reuse.
The invention firstly provides a shield tunnel upper earth covering body settlement simulation test platform which comprises a simulation test box surrounded by a circular arc-shaped bottom plate, side plates, end plates and a top plate, wherein in the simulation test box, a lower excavation grouting gas layer is arranged at the upper part of the circular arc-shaped bottom plate, a grouting hole and a pressure relief hole which are communicated with the outside of the box are arranged at the lower excavation grouting gas layer, a simulation test soil body is filled at the upper part of the lower excavation grouting gas layer to form a soil body filling layer, an upper gas constant pressure layer is paved at the upper part of the soil body filling layer, the top plate is paved at the upper part of the upper gas constant pressure layer, and a loading system is arranged above the top plate.
Through installing upper portion gaseous constant pressure layer between roof and soil body, make the overburden pressure more even, shield excavation in-process, the earth pressure is unchangeable on the simulation soil layer.
Through setting up the lower part excavation slip casting air bed, with the help of slip casting and pressure release condition control simulation shield excavation, so make the simulation more true, press close to actual shield excavation.
The invention also provides a method for simulating the settlement of the earth covering body on the shield tunnel, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a tunnel section: selecting a section of arc length of the cross section of the actual tunnel to be simulated to simulate the whole circular shield tunnel;
(2) Soil pressure calculation: selecting one or more layers of soil to be simulated, and calculating the soil pressure of the soil in the thickness h range above the arch top and the soil pressure of the soil above the h range;
(3) And (3) assembling a simulation test platform:
i. installing a circular arc bottom plate, a side plate and an end plate;
ii. Paving the lower excavation grouting gas layer on the circular arc-shaped bottom plate, and inflating to enable the air pressure in the lower excavation grouting gas layer to be consistent with the total upper earth covering pressure born above the vault to be simulated;
iii, paving arch tops with different properties and thicknesses on the lower excavation grouting gas layer to cover test soil bodies to form soil body filling layers, wherein the sum of the thicknesses h of all soil layers;
iv, installing an upper gas constant pressure layer, a top plate and a loading system;
(4) Loading and upper soil pressure constant pressure control: the soil pressure value of the soil body above the h range above the arch crown is preliminarily loaded by the loading system, the pressure applied to the top plate by the loading system is regulated, and the pressure in the upper gas constant pressure layer is consistent and uniform with the soil pressure of the soil body above the h range above the arch crown by means of the pressure stabilizing bin of the upper gas constant pressure layer, so that the undisturbed soil pressure simulation of the soil body above the arch crown is realized;
(5) And (3) grouting simulation of tunnel excavation: the grouting gas layer is excavated from the lower part through the pressure relief hole to relieve pressure for simulating excavation, synchronous grouting is carried out through the grouting hole at the same time, and simulated shield excavation is controlled through grouting pressure and gas pressure relief conditions in the grouting gas layer of the lower part excavation;
(6) And (3) shield propulsion simulation: after the simulated excavation of the pressure relief grouting of one ring is finished, the next ring is regulated and controlled in sequence at intervals, and the shield pushing process can be simulated.
The beneficial effects are that: the test platform for simulating the subsidence of the earth covering body on the shield tunnel simulates the whole circular shield tunnel by freely selecting a section of arc length of the transverse section of the actual tunnel to be simulated, simulates the soil body above the arch crown in the actual excavation process by arranging soil layers with different thicknesses and different properties on the upper part of the circular tunnel, realizes the excavation grouting on the upper part of the bottom plate, and controls the simulation of the shield excavation by grouting pressure and decompression conditions in the excavation grouting layer. Through installing upper portion gaseous constant pressure layer between roof and soil body, make the overburden pressure more even, shield excavation in-process, the earth pressure is unchangeable on the simulation soil layer. The lower excavation grouting gas layer is arranged, and the shield excavation is simulated through grouting and pressure relief conditions, so that the simulation is more real and is close to the actual shield excavation. The invention is convenient to manufacture, can be dismantled, recycled and reused, further explores the soil body layering sedimentation rule, and better carries out sedimentation monitoring and guides the construction of the shield tunnel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a first embodiment of a simulation test platform according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of the first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a B-B cross-sectional view of the first embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a second embodiment of the simulation test platform of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A of a second embodiment;
fig. 6 is a B-B sectional view of the second embodiment.
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate and together with the description serve to explain the invention. Wherein the reference numerals are as follows:
1. circular arc bottom plate, 2, curb plate, 2', curb plate unit, 3, end plate, 4, roof, 4', roof unit, 5, lower part excavation slip casting air blanket, 6, slip casting hole, 7, pressure release hole, 8, filling soil layer, 9, upper portion gaseous constant voltage layer, 10, ring division board, 11, support, 12, hydraulic jack, 13, hasp, 14, curb plate support frame, 15, bottom plate stull, 16, steady voltage storehouse.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions herein are for the purpose of explaining the present invention, but are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "comprises/comprising," "consists of … …," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product, apparatus, process, or method that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such product, apparatus, process, or method as desired. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising/including … …," "consisting of … …," and the like, does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a product, apparatus, process, or method that includes the element.
The invention discloses a shield tunnel upper earth covering body settlement simulation test platform, which has the following experimental principle:
the method comprises the steps of freely selecting a section of arc length of an actual tunnel cross section to be simulated to simulate the whole circular shield tunnel, simulating soil above an arch top in the actual excavation process by arranging soil layers with different thicknesses and different properties on the upper part of the circular tunnel, realizing excavation grouting on the upper part of a bottom plate of a lower arc, and controlling and simulating shield excavation by grouting pressure and decompression conditions in the excavation grouting layer.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a concrete implementation mode of the test platform for simulating the settlement of the earth covering body on the shield tunnel comprises a simulation test box surrounded by a circular arc-shaped bottom plate 1, a side plate 2, an end plate 3 and a top plate 4, wherein in the simulation test box, a lower excavation grouting gas layer 5 is arranged at the upper part of the circular arc-shaped bottom plate 1, a grouting hole 6 and a pressure relief hole 7 which are communicated with the outside of the box are arranged at the lower excavation grouting gas layer 5, a simulated test soil body is filled at the upper part of the lower excavation grouting gas layer 5 to form a soil body filling layer 8, an upper gas constant pressure layer 9 is paved at the upper part of the soil body filling layer 8, the top plate 4 is paved at the upper part of the upper gas constant pressure layer 9, and a loading system is arranged above the top plate.
Before the test starts, the simulation test platform of the invention freely selects a section of arc length of an actual tunnel to be simulated to simulate the whole circular shield tunnel, the width d between two end points of the arc of the section of arc length is selected, the arc-shaped bottom plate is adopted as the lower support of the simulation test platform and simulates a segment, bottom plate transverse struts 15 are arranged at two ends of the bottom of the arc-shaped bottom plate, the side plates can be rectangular steel plates, the bottom plates are hinged with the side plates, the shield tunnels with different diameters are simulated by adjusting the included angles between the side plates and the vertical direction, the top plate applies pressure to the top plate through a loading system, the top plate applies pressure to the soil body through a compressed upper gas constant pressure layer, and the upper soil covering pressure of the soil body above the thickness h range of the arch top is simulated.
In the present invention, referring to fig. 2, as a preferred embodiment, the thickness h1 of the upper gas constant pressure layer 9 may be a sealing airbag having a rectangular cross section, the upper surface of which is attached to the lower surface of the top plate, and the lower surface of which is attached to the upper surface of the soil filling layer.
As a preferred embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the upper gas constant pressure layer 9 further includes a pressure stabilizing bin 16 communicated with the sealed inflatable bag, and the pressure stabilizing bin 16 is used as a constant pressure supplement of the upper gas constant pressure layer 9, so that even if the lower excavation subsides, the pressure of the pressure stabilizing bin is consistent with that of the upper gas constant pressure layer, and the pressure of the upper gas constant pressure layer is not changed all the time.
The surge tank 16 may be a relatively large sealed reservoir filled with gas to supplement the upper gas constant pressure layer at any time, ensuring that the upper gas constant pressure layer maintains a constant pressure at any time.
Through installing gaseous constant voltage layer in upper portion between roof and soil body, make the overburden pressure more even, further insert gaseous constant voltage layer in upper portion with the steady voltage storehouse that is full of constant voltage gas simultaneously, along with tunnel excavation, the soil body sinks, gaseous constant voltage layer atmospheric pressure in upper portion can reduce, and gaseous in the steady voltage storehouse can supply gaseous constant voltage layer in upper portion this moment for shield constructs the excavation in-process, and the overburden pressure is unchangeable on the simulation soil layer.
In the invention, referring to fig. 2, as a preferred embodiment, the thickness h2 of the grouting air layer 5 is excavated at the lower part, and the specific structure can be a sealing air bag with a circular arc-shaped cross section, the shape of the sealing air bag is consistent with that of the circular arc-shaped bottom plate 1, the upper surface of the sealing air bag is attached to the lower surface of the soil body filling layer, and the lower surface of the sealing air bag is attached to the upper surface of the circular arc-shaped bottom plate.
It should be noted that, the thickness h1 of the upper gas constant pressure layer 9 and the thickness h2 of the lower excavation grouting gas layer 5 can be flexibly designed according to the actual situations on site, for example, the factors such as the upper soil covering pressure, the maximum bearing pressure of the sealed air bag and the like are fully considered, and the proper thickness is designed.
The excavation leads to soil loss and slip casting to carry out soil compensation and all is the important consideration factor of research sedimentation law, be full of gas support soil body before the excavation of lower part excavation slip casting air bed 5 for maintain the soil balance, start simulation excavation through the relief hole pressure release, carry out synchronous slip casting through the slip casting hole simultaneously, the slip casting can upwards push away the soil layer to a certain extent, outwards release and inwards slip casting's the feed-in volume is different, and can control, through slip casting pressure and the control of pressure release condition simulation shield excavation, so make the simulation more true, press close to actual shield excavation.
Referring to fig. 2, a concrete arrangement mode of the grouting holes 6 of the invention is that the grouting holes are arranged on the side plates 2 on two sides of the simulation test box and correspond to the position of the lower excavation grouting gas layer 5. Referring to fig. 5, another concrete arrangement mode of the grouting holes 6 of the invention is that the circular arc-shaped bottom plate 1 arranged on the bottom surface of the simulation test box is positioned at or near the lowest position of the two ends of the arc shape of the circular arc-shaped bottom plate. The arrangement is to ensure that grouting is started from the lowest position, prevent the failure of uniform grouting, and ensure that the slurry can uniformly and dispersedly fill the lower excavation grouting gas layer 5.
The pressure relief hole 7 is arranged on the circular arc-shaped bottom plate 1 on the bottom surface of the simulation test box and is positioned at or near the position of the arc-shaped top point of the circular arc-shaped bottom plate. This is provided to ensure that the exhaust gas starts from the highest position and is more thorough.
Referring to fig. 3 and 6, as a preferred embodiment, the side plate 2 is a rectangular steel plate and is composed of a plurality of rectangular side plate units 2', the width of each side plate unit is consistent with that of the analog segment, and the adjacent side plate units can be connected by adopting a lock catch 13 or a hinge, so that the side plate units are convenient to assemble and disassemble and can be reused.
The side plate unit 2' and the circular arc-shaped bottom plate 1 can be hinged by adopting a lock catch 13 or a hinge, and the included angle between the side plate and the vertical direction can be adjusted to simulate shield tunnels with different diameters in a hinged mode.
With further reference to fig. 3 and 6, as a preferred embodiment, the top plate 4 is also composed of a plurality of rectangular top plate units 4', the width of which corresponds to the width of the simulated duct pieces, and which are hinged to the side plate units.
The segment width a is 1.2m and 1.6m, and the practical number of rings to be simulated is flexibly selected by assembling the upper plates and the side plates in different numbers, so that various different test requirements are met, and the disassembly is convenient.
In the present invention, a ring spacer 10 is further provided between the adjacent roof units 4'. When the shield advances the simulation, when the former ring simulation advances, upper portion gas constant voltage layer 9 inflation can produce the side direction extrusion to the constant voltage layer that is close to, through setting up ring division board 10 between adjacent roof unit 4', can play the effect of cutting off this kind of side direction extrusion, after the simulation excavation of one ring pressure release slip casting is finished, the next ring pressure release slip casting excavation layer of regulation and control in proper order at certain interval, so simulation shield advances the process to can effectively avoid the mutual interference between the adjacent ring.
The loading system of the invention can adopt the bracket 11 and a plurality of hydraulic jacks 12 arranged between the bracket 11 and the top plate 4, and the hydraulic jacks have simple structure and are convenient for arrangement and loading operation.
The invention can set the side plate supporting frames 14 on two sides of the simulation test box, ensure the overall stability of the test box and prevent structural damage or overall instability in the loading process.
The invention provides a method for simulating the settlement of an earth covering body on a shield tunnel, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a tunnel section: selecting a section of arc length of the cross section of the actual tunnel to be simulated to simulate the whole circular shield tunnel;
(2) Soil pressure calculation: selecting one or more layers of soil to be simulated, and calculating the soil pressure of the soil in the thickness h range above the arch top and the soil pressure of the soil above the h range;
(3) And (3) assembling a simulation test platform:
i. installing a circular arc bottom plate, a side plate and an end plate;
ii. Paving the lower excavation grouting gas layer on the circular arc-shaped bottom plate, and inflating to enable the air pressure in the lower excavation grouting gas layer to be consistent with the total upper earth covering pressure born above the vault to be simulated;
paving arch tops with different properties and thicknesses on the lower excavation grouting gas layer according to actual investigation conditions to form soil filling layers by overlaying test soil, wherein the sum of the thicknesses of all soil layers is h;
iv, installing an upper gas constant pressure layer, a top plate and a loading system;
(4) Loading and upper soil pressure constant pressure control:
the soil pressure value of the soil body above the h range above the arch crown is preliminarily loaded by the loading system, the pressure applied to the top plate by the loading system is regulated, and the pressure in the upper gas constant pressure layer is consistent and uniform with the soil pressure of the soil body above the h range above the arch crown by means of the pressure stabilizing bin of the upper gas constant pressure layer, so that the undisturbed soil pressure simulation of the soil body above the arch crown is realized;
(5) And (3) grouting simulation of tunnel excavation:
the front lower part of the excavation is excavated and the grouting gas layer is filled with gas, so that the soil balance is maintained.
The grouting gas layer is excavated from the lower part through the pressure relief hole to relieve pressure for simulating excavation, synchronous grouting is carried out through the grouting hole at the same time, and simulated shield excavation is controlled through grouting pressure and gas pressure relief conditions in the grouting gas layer of the lower part excavation;
along with tunnel excavation, the soil body subsides, and upper portion gaseous constant voltage layer atmospheric pressure can reduce, and the gaseous constant voltage layer in the steady voltage storehouse can be replenished upper portion this moment for shield constructs the excavation in-process, and the last soil pressure of simulation soil layer is unchangeable.
(6) And (3) shield propulsion simulation:
after the simulated excavation of the pressure relief grouting of one ring is finished, the next ring is regulated and controlled in sequence at intervals, and the shield pushing process can be simulated.
The ring spacer 10 may be further provided to block lateral extrusion between adjacent rings, thereby effectively avoiding mutual interference between adjacent rings.
In the process of assembling the platform, the monitoring device is arranged in the soil layer, for example, the soil pressure boxes are arranged in the soil layer according to the positions to be monitored to monitor the soil pressure changes of different soil layers in the process of excavating the tunnel, the single-point displacement meters are arranged in different directions in the soil layer according to the directions to be monitored to monitor the vertical settlement and the displacement in other directions, the single-point displacement meters can be flexibly arranged, other monitoring means can also be selected, the displacement and the stress strain can be measured by using distributed optical fibers, or each layer of soil is dyed, and the cross section of the simulation test platform is opened to observe after the shield tunnel is excavated, so that the monitoring device belongs to the common monitoring principles and means in the field, is not an improvement focus of the invention, and is not focused on.
By now it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that while exemplary embodiments of the invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications which are in accordance with the principles of the invention may be directly ascertained or inferred from the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should be understood and deemed to cover all such other variations or modifications.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a shield tunnel upper cover soil body subsides analogue test platform which characterized in that: the simulation test box comprises a simulation test box surrounded by a circular arc-shaped bottom plate, side plates, end plates and a top plate, wherein in the simulation test box, a lower excavation grouting gas layer is arranged at the upper part of the circular arc-shaped bottom plate, a grouting hole and a pressure relief hole which are communicated with the outside of the box are formed in the lower excavation grouting gas layer, a simulation test soil body is filled at the upper part of the lower excavation grouting gas layer to form a soil body filling layer, an upper gas constant pressure layer is paved at the upper part of the soil body filling layer, the top plate is paved at the upper part of the upper gas constant pressure layer, and a loading system is arranged above the top plate; the lower excavation grouting air layer is a sealing air bag with an arc-shaped cross section, the upper surface of the sealing air bag is attached to the lower surface of the soil body filling layer, and the lower surface of the sealing air bag is attached to the upper surface of the arc-shaped bottom plate; the grouting holes are arranged on side plates on two sides of the simulation test box and correspond to the positions of the lower excavation grouting air layers; or the arc-shaped bottom plate is arranged on the bottom surface of the simulation test box and is positioned at or near the lowest position of the two arc-shaped ends of the arc-shaped bottom plate; the pressure relief hole is arranged on the arc-shaped bottom plate of the bottom surface of the simulation test box and is positioned at or near the arc-shaped top point of the arc-shaped bottom plate; the side plates consist of a plurality of rectangular side plate units, and the width of each side plate unit is consistent with the width of the simulated duct piece; the roof comprises a plurality of rectangular roof units, and the width of the roof units is consistent with the width of the simulated duct piece.
2. The simulation test platform of claim 1, wherein: the upper gas constant pressure layer is a sealed air bag with a rectangular cross section, the upper surface of the upper gas constant pressure layer is attached to the lower surface of the top plate, and the lower surface of the upper gas constant pressure layer is attached to the upper surface of the soil body filling layer.
3. The simulation test platform of claim 2, wherein: the upper gas constant pressure layer also comprises a pressure stabilizing bin communicated with the sealed inflatable bag.
4. The simulation test platform of claim 1, wherein: the side plate unit is hinged with the circular arc-shaped bottom plate.
5. The simulation test platform of claim 4, wherein: the top plate unit is hinged with the side plate unit.
6. The simulation test platform of claim 5, wherein: and a ring spacing plate is arranged between the adjacent top plate units.
7. The simulation test platform of claim 1, wherein: the loading system includes a bracket and a plurality of hydraulic jacks disposed between the bracket and a top plate.
8. The simulation test platform of claim 1, wherein: and side plate supporting frames are arranged on two sides of the simulation test box.
9. A method for simulating settlement of an earth covering body on a shield tunnel based on the simulation test platform according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
(1) Selecting a tunnel section: selecting a section of arc length of the cross section of the actual tunnel to be simulated to simulate the whole circular shield tunnel;
(2) Soil pressure calculation: selecting one or more layers of soil to be simulated, and calculating the soil pressure of the soil in the thickness h range above the arch top and the soil pressure of the soil above the h range;
(3) And (3) assembling a simulation test platform:
i. installing a circular arc bottom plate, a side plate and an end plate;
ii. Paving the lower excavation grouting gas layer on the circular arc-shaped bottom plate, and inflating to enable the air pressure in the lower excavation grouting gas layer to be consistent with the total upper earth covering pressure born above the vault to be simulated;
iii, paving arch tops with different properties and thicknesses on the lower excavation grouting gas layer to cover test soil bodies to form soil body filling layers, wherein the sum of the thicknesses h of all soil layers;
iv, installing an upper gas constant pressure layer, a top plate and a loading system;
(4) Loading and upper soil pressure constant pressure control: the soil pressure value of the soil body above the h range above the arch crown is preliminarily loaded by the loading system, the pressure applied to the top plate by the loading system is regulated, and the pressure in the upper gas constant pressure layer is consistent and uniform with the soil pressure of the soil body above the h range above the arch crown by means of the pressure stabilizing bin of the upper gas constant pressure layer, so that the undisturbed soil pressure simulation of the soil body above the arch crown is realized;
(5) And (3) grouting simulation of tunnel excavation: the grouting gas layer is excavated from the lower part through the pressure relief hole to relieve pressure for simulating excavation, synchronous grouting is carried out through the grouting hole at the same time, and simulated shield excavation is controlled through grouting pressure and gas pressure relief conditions in the grouting gas layer of the lower part excavation;
(6) And (3) shield propulsion simulation: after the simulated excavation of the pressure relief grouting of one ring is finished, the next ring is regulated and controlled in sequence at intervals, and the shield pushing process can be simulated.
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| CN112462033B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-09-02 | 华北科技学院 | Analog simulation experiment device for automatic mining of coal mine |
| CN112730055B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-10-21 | 三峡大学 | Testing device and method for simulating drawing of deep soil layer constant-resistance soil anchor |
| CN114183147B (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2023-08-01 | 中国建筑股份有限公司 | Tunnel environment simulation model and method |
| CN114659895B (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-09-13 | 西南交通大学 | Simulation device and simulation method for shield tunnel segment deformation and ground surface settlement |
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