CN103454103B - Loading device for geotechnical engineering large-sized three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bed - Google Patents

Loading device for geotechnical engineering large-sized three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bed Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN103454103B
CN103454103B CN201310290041.4A CN201310290041A CN103454103B CN 103454103 B CN103454103 B CN 103454103B CN 201310290041 A CN201310290041 A CN 201310290041A CN 103454103 B CN103454103 B CN 103454103B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
loading
reaction
plate
test
scale
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN201310290041.4A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN103454103A (en
Inventor
王秋生
杜修力
闫维明
黄浩华
李振宝
许成顺
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shandong Qingyi Intelligent Equipment Manufacturing Co ltd
Original Assignee
Beijing University of Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beijing University of Technology filed Critical Beijing University of Technology
Priority to CN201310290041.4A priority Critical patent/CN103454103B/en
Publication of CN103454103A publication Critical patent/CN103454103A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN103454103B publication Critical patent/CN103454103B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Landscapes

  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台的加载装置,包括反力墙和反力梁,反力墙由钢筋混凝土制成,为双层结构,双层反力墙之间具有人员操作通道,控制管线通过所述反力墙上预留的水平安装孔穿入双层反力墙之间,并连接至地面试验建筑的控制室内;反力梁横跨所述岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台设置于所述反力墙的上端面,并与反力墙固定连接。本发明提供了一种可实现真三维加载的岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台加载装置,其可用于地下空间及其开挖模拟试验、降雨和地下水位升降条件下地基和边坡工程模拟试验、桩基和桩周土的动力响应试验、管片模拟试验、结构部件性能试验等不同功能的土工试验模拟。

A loading device for a large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench for geotechnical engineering, including a reaction wall and a reaction beam. The reaction wall is made of reinforced concrete and has a double-layer structure. There is a human operator between the double-layer reaction walls Channel, the control pipeline penetrates between the double-layer reaction walls through the horizontal installation holes reserved on the reaction walls, and is connected to the control room of the ground test building; The simulation test bench is arranged on the upper end surface of the reaction wall and is fixedly connected with the reaction wall. The invention provides a loading device for a large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench of geotechnical engineering that can realize true three-dimensional loading, which can be used for simulation tests of underground space and its excavation, foundation and slope engineering simulation tests under the conditions of rainfall and groundwater level rise and fall , dynamic response test of pile foundation and pile surrounding soil, segment simulation test, performance test of structural components and other geotechnical test simulations with different functions.

Description

用于岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台的加载装置Loading device for large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench of geotechnical engineering

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及一种可用于隧道和地铁车站、基础工程、边坡工程、挡土结构等岩土工程的物理模型试验装置,尤其是一种可对大型地质模型进行立体综合模拟试验的试验平台,特别是涉及一种用于岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台的加载装置。 The invention relates to a physical model test device which can be used in geotechnical engineering such as tunnels and subway stations, foundation engineering, slope engineering, retaining structures, etc., especially a test platform which can carry out three-dimensional comprehensive simulation tests on large-scale geological models. In particular, it relates to a loading device used for a large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench of geotechnical engineering.

背景技术 Background technique

物理模型试验是研究大型岩土工程问题的重要手段,在国内外被广泛应用,在工程研究和设计中发挥着重要作用。国内外学者针对大型矿井顶板围岩稳定、大坝坝体与坝基的岩体稳定、大型洞室围岩稳定与支护等工程问题进行了卓有成效的研究工作,并研制了规模不等的配套模型试验设备。 Physical model test is an important means to study large-scale geotechnical engineering problems. It is widely used at home and abroad, and plays an important role in engineering research and design. Scholars at home and abroad have carried out fruitful research work on engineering issues such as the stability of the surrounding rock of the roof of the large mine, the stability of the rock mass of the dam body and the dam foundation, the stability and support of the surrounding rock of the large cavern, and have developed supporting models of various scales. test equipment.

现有的各种用于物理模型试验的试验装置往往都是针对特定的工程而专门设计研制的,只能模拟某一类型的地下工程,不具备通用性。而且,对于岩土工程模型实验而言,实验模型的几何相似比是一个关键的技术指标。几何相似比取得过小,虽可以节省实验材料,但是过小的模型体量会限制传感器的布置,与较大的模型相比,更容易受到外界因素的干扰,从而影响实验结果。因此,在条件允许的情况下,应当尽量采用较大的模型几何相似比,在这种情况下,模型实验本身的复杂性也相应的增加。例如大比例模型实验需要的相似材料用量较大;在模拟大埋深复杂工况时,需要大吨位的加载系统以及刚度较大的反力系统等。随着岩土工程的规模越来越大,出现的工程问题更加复杂,现有模型试验设备已不能很好地满足工程实践的需要。 Existing various test devices for physical model tests are often specially designed and developed for specific projects, and can only simulate a certain type of underground project, which is not universal. Moreover, for geotechnical engineering model experiments, the geometric similarity ratio of the experimental model is a key technical index. If the geometric similarity ratio is too small, although the experimental materials can be saved, the too small model volume will limit the arrangement of sensors. Compared with the larger model, it is more likely to be disturbed by external factors, thus affecting the experimental results. Therefore, when conditions permit, a larger model geometric similarity ratio should be used as much as possible. In this case, the complexity of the model experiment itself will increase accordingly. For example, large-scale model experiments require a large amount of similar materials; when simulating complex working conditions with large buried depths, a large-tonnage loading system and a high-rigidity reaction system are required. With the increasing scale of geotechnical engineering and the more complex engineering problems, the existing model test equipment can no longer meet the needs of engineering practice.

在本发明的下述说明中,所谓立体综合模拟试验,指的是可实施真三轴加载,可进行地下空间及其开挖模拟试验、降雨和地下水位升降条件下地基和边坡工程模拟试验、桩基和桩周土的动力响应试验、管片模拟试验、结构部件性能试验等不同功能的物理模型试验。模型最大尺寸可达10m×6m×6m(长×宽×高),相对于现有技术的模型试验规模来说,尺寸上要大得多,因此本发明的试验台相对前述现有技术而言属于一种大型的试验平台。 In the following explanations of the present invention, the so-called three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test refers to the implementation of true triaxial loading, the simulation test of underground space and its excavation, the foundation and slope engineering simulation test under the conditions of rainfall and groundwater level rise and fall , dynamic response test of pile foundation and pile surrounding soil, segment simulation test, structural component performance test and other physical model tests with different functions. Model maximum size can reach 10m * 6m * 6m (length * width * height), compared with the model test scale of prior art, it is much larger in size, so test bench of the present invention is relative to aforementioned prior art Belongs to a large test platform.

中国专利CN202033951U提供了一种岩土工程物理模拟试验机,其采用放置于地上的钢架结构,可用于对洞室、洞群边坡进行地质力学模型试验,但是只能对模型的上下左右四个方向进行加载,不能对模型进行真三轴加载。而且,试验机置于地上,规模较小,不能用以进行大规模的物理模型试验。 Chinese patent CN202033951U provides a geotechnical engineering physical simulation testing machine, which adopts a steel frame structure placed on the ground, which can be used for geomechanical model tests on caverns and cavern slopes, but can only test the top, bottom, left, and right sides of the model. Loading in one direction, the model cannot be loaded in true triaxial. Moreover, the test machine is placed on the ground, and its scale is small, so it cannot be used for large-scale physical model tests.

中国专利CN100535267C提供了一种地基和边坡工程模型试验平台,该专利公布的试验平台的模型箱是置于地上的四周封闭的钢结构,虽然能够进行大尺寸的模型试验,但是只能对模型顶部进行加载,同时不能用于诸如隧道和地铁车站等开挖工程的物理模型试验。 Chinese patent CN100535267C provides a kind of foundation and slope engineering model test platform, the model box of the test platform announced by this patent is placed on the surrounding closed steel structure on the ground, although large-scale model tests can be carried out, but only for the model Loading is carried out at the top and cannot be used for physical model tests of excavation works such as tunnels and subway stations.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种用于岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台的加载装置,以减少或避免前面所提到的问题。 The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a loading device for a large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench of geotechnical engineering, so as to reduce or avoid the problems mentioned above.

具体来说,本发明提供了一种用于岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台的加载装置,所述岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台至少包括加载装置及模型箱,所述加载装置包括提供水平加载力的反力墙和提供垂直加载力的反力梁; Specifically, the present invention provides a loading device for a large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench for geotechnical engineering, the large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench for geotechnical engineering at least includes a loading device and a model box, and the loading device includes a Reaction walls for horizontal loading and reaction beams for vertical loading;

所述反力墙由钢筋混凝土制成,并围绕设置于由地面开挖的基坑的四个周边;所述反力墙为双层结构,双层反力墙之间设有横撑和人员操作通道,所述水平加载油缸的控制管线通过所述反力墙上预留的水平安装孔穿入双层反力墙之间,并连接至所述地面试验建筑的控制室内; The reaction wall is made of reinforced concrete and is arranged around the four perimeters of the foundation pit excavated from the ground; the reaction wall is a double-layer structure, and cross braces and personnel are arranged between the double-layer reaction walls. An operation channel, the control pipeline of the horizontal loading cylinder penetrates between the double-layer reaction walls through the horizontal installation hole reserved on the reaction wall, and is connected to the control room of the ground test building;

所述反力梁横跨所述岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台设置于所述反力墙的上端面,并与浇注于所述反力墙的混凝土内部的钢结构部件固定连接; The reaction beam is arranged on the upper end surface of the reaction wall across the large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test platform of geotechnical engineering, and is fixedly connected with the steel structure components poured in the concrete inside of the reaction wall;

所述模型箱的四周和顶部由多块加载板拼接而成,模型箱的底部与所述基坑共用底部钢筋混凝土地面;所述内侧反力墙均匀布置多个预留的水平安装孔;每个水平加载板都通过球形关节与一个水平加载油缸相连,所述水平加载油缸通过设置于所述水平安装孔中的连接螺栓与所述反力墙固定连接;每个垂直加载板都通过球形关节与一个垂直加载油缸相连,每个所述垂直加载油缸通过连接螺栓与所述反力梁固定连接; The surrounding and top of the model box are spliced by multiple loading plates, and the bottom of the model box shares the bottom reinforced concrete ground with the foundation pit; the inner reaction wall is evenly arranged with multiple reserved horizontal installation holes; each Each horizontal loading plate is connected with a horizontal loading oil cylinder through a spherical joint, and the horizontal loading oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the reaction wall through a connecting bolt arranged in the horizontal mounting hole; each vertical loading plate is connected through a spherical joint Connected with a vertical loading cylinder, each of the vertical loading cylinders is fixedly connected with the reaction beam through connecting bolts;

相邻的所述水平加载板的侧面之间预留螺栓孔,可视试验需要进行螺栓连接。 Bolt holes are reserved between the side surfaces of the adjacent horizontal loading plates, and bolted connections may be carried out depending on the needs of the test.

优选地,所述水平加载板具有一个与模型接触的面板,所述面板周边具有垂直于所述面板的侧板,所述面板和所述侧板通过加强筋板连接,所述加 强筋板具有两个对角筋板,两个中间筋板以及平行于所述侧板设置的环绕筋板,所述加强筋板的中部设有一个连接板。 Preferably, the horizontal loading plate has a panel in contact with the model, the periphery of the panel has side panels perpendicular to the panel, the panel and the side panels are connected by stiffeners, and the stiffeners There are two diagonal ribs, two middle ribs and surrounding ribs arranged parallel to the side panels, and a connecting plate is arranged in the middle of the reinforcing ribs.

本发明提出了一种用于岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台的加载装置,可用于地下空间及其开挖模拟试验、降雨和地下水位升降条件下地基和边坡工程模拟试验、桩基和桩周土的动力响应试验、管片模拟试验、结构部件性能试验等不同功能的物理模型试验,同时,应用所述加载装置可对大尺寸物理模型实现真三维加载。 The invention proposes a loading device for a large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench of geotechnical engineering, which can be used for underground space and its excavation simulation test, foundation and slope engineering simulation test under the conditions of rainfall and groundwater level rise and fall, pile foundation and Physical model tests with different functions such as dynamic response test of soil around the pile, segment simulation test, performance test of structural components, etc. At the same time, the application of the loading device can realize true three-dimensional loading of large-scale physical models.

附图说明 Description of drawings

以下附图仅旨在于对本发明做示意性说明和解释,并不限定本发明的范围。其中, The following drawings are only intended to schematically illustrate and explain the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. in,

图1显示的是根据本发明的一个具体实施例的一种岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台的立体结构示意图; What Fig. 1 shows is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a kind of geotechnical engineering large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

图2显示的是图1的横向剖视示意图; Figure 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of Figure 1;

图3显示的是图1的纵向剖视示意图; What Fig. 3 shows is the longitudinal sectional schematic diagram of Fig. 1;

图4显示的是根据本发明的一个具体实施例的模型箱的俯视示意图; What Fig. 4 shows is a schematic top view of a model box according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

图5显示的是图4中位置B处的放大示意图; Figure 5 shows an enlarged schematic view at position B in Figure 4;

图6显示的是水平加载板以及与其连接的水平加载油缸的放大结构分解示意图; Figure 6 shows a schematic exploded view of the enlarged structure of the horizontal loading plate and the horizontal loading cylinder connected thereto;

图7显示的是水平加载板的立体结构示意图。 Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the horizontal loading plate.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和效果有更加清楚的理解,现对照附图说明本发明的具体实施方式。其中,相同的部件采用相同的标号。 In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, the specific implementation manners of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein, the same parts adopt the same reference numerals.

图1显示的是根据本发明的一个具体实施案例提出的一种岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台的立体结构示意图,图中粗略显示的是本发明的岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台的大致结构,着重显示了其与相对背景技术部分提及的现有技术的主要区别。 What Fig. 1 shows is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a kind of geotechnical engineering large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test-bed proposed according to a specific implementation case of the present invention, and what show roughly among the figure is the large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test-bed of geotechnical engineering of the present invention The general structure highlights the main differences between it and the prior art mentioned in the relative background art section.

参见图1,本发明的岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台与现有技术的一个显著区别在于,本发明的岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台的主体部分设置于地面开挖的一个基坑1中(参见图2、3),其中,图1的附图标记11所表示的部分是地面,附图标记12所表示的部分是基坑1的底部。图2显示的是图1的横向剖视示意图,图3显示的是图1的纵向剖视示意图,当然,类似于图1,图2、图3采用的是简略画法,仅用于本领域技术人员阅读理解。 Referring to Fig. 1, a significant difference between the large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench for geotechnical engineering of the present invention and the prior art is that the main part of the large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench for geotechnical engineering of the present invention is arranged in a foundation pit excavated on the ground 1 (see FIGS. 2 and 3), wherein, the part indicated by the reference numeral 11 in FIG. 1 is the ground, and the part indicated by the reference numeral 12 is the bottom of the foundation pit 1. What Fig. 2 shows is the cross-sectional schematic diagram of Fig. 1, and what Fig. 3 shows is the longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram of Fig. 1, of course, similar to Fig. 1, what Fig. 2, Fig. 3 adopt is the simple drawing method, only for this field Technician reading comprehension.

如图1-3所示,本发明的岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台总体上包括位于基坑1中的地下部分和围绕基坑1设置的地上部分,其中,地下部分是试验平台的主体结构,至少包括加载装置2以及模型箱3(模型箱3在图1-3中未显示,参见图4),其中加载装置2包括提供水平加载力的反力墙21以及提供垂直加载力的反力梁22。即,本发明的岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台至少包括提供水平加载力的反力墙21、提供垂直加载力的反力梁22以及模型箱3。 As shown in Figures 1-3, the geotechnical engineering large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench of the present invention generally includes an underground part located in the foundation pit 1 and an aboveground part arranged around the foundation pit 1, wherein the underground part is the main body of the test platform structure, including at least a loading device 2 and a model box 3 (the model box 3 is not shown in Figs. force beam 22. That is, the geotechnical engineering large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench of the present invention at least includes a reaction wall 21 providing horizontal loading force, a reaction beam 22 providing vertical loading force, and a model box 3 .

其中,反力墙21由钢筋混凝土制成,并围绕设置于由地面开挖的基坑1的四个周边;围绕基坑1的地面11上设置有地面试验建筑13(图1中显示了一部分,具体结构参见图2、3),地面试验建筑13的顶部具有横跨基坑1的可移动的吊车14;基坑1的一侧具有一个连通地面11的物料输送电梯井15;与物料输送电梯井15对应的一侧的反力墙21上设置有一个试验通道16,试验通道16与物料输送电梯井15连通。 Wherein, the reaction force wall 21 is made of reinforced concrete, and is arranged around the four peripheries of the foundation pit 1 excavated by the ground; the ground 11 around the foundation pit 1 is provided with a ground test building 13 (a part is shown in Fig. 1 , concrete structure is referring to Fig. 2,3), the top of ground test building 13 has the movable crane 14 that straddles foundation pit 1; One side of foundation pit 1 has a material delivery elevator shaft 15 that communicates with ground 11; A test channel 16 is arranged on the reaction wall 21 on the side corresponding to the elevator shaft 15 , and the test channel 16 communicates with the material conveying elevator shaft 15 .

图1中显示的反力梁22有两个,设置于反力墙21的上端面,并与浇注于反力墙21的混凝土内部的钢结构部件(图中未示出)固定连接。模型箱3设置于反力墙21和反力梁22围绕的空间内。 There are two reaction beams 22 shown in FIG. 1 , which are arranged on the upper end surface of the reaction wall 21 and are fixedly connected with the steel structure components (not shown) poured in the concrete inside of the reaction wall 21 . The model box 3 is arranged in the space surrounded by the reaction wall 21 and the reaction beam 22 .

反力梁22用于对模型顶部进行加载,图1中只显示了两个反力梁22,图3中只显示了一个反力梁22,图1-图3仅是示意,实际使用中,可根据模型箱3的大小和需要承受的顶部压力设置多个反力梁22,反力梁22两端通过螺栓与反力墙21顶部连接。 The reaction beam 22 is used to load the top of the model. Only two reaction beams 22 are shown in Figure 1, and only one reaction beam 22 is shown in Figure 3. Figures 1-3 are only schematic. In actual use, A plurality of reaction force beams 22 can be set according to the size of the model box 3 and the top pressure to be borne, and the two ends of the reaction force beams 22 are connected to the top of the reaction force wall 21 by bolts.

由上可见,本发明的岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台与现有技术的显著不同在于,本发明的岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台的试验部分,也就是加载装置2主要设置于地下,而现有的试验平台都是设置于地上。本发明将主要施力和受力的部件,主要是反力墙21及其附属钢筋混泥土结构设置于地下的基坑1中,并且背靠基坑1的周边,使得试验时施力和受力的部件被 牢牢嵌入在地下,可以确保反力墙21具备足够大的强度和刚度。另外,由于是将反力墙21围绕设置于由地面开挖的基坑1的四个周边,其本身环绕连接成一个整体,当通过反力墙21的四边同时向模型箱施加作用力时,相对的反力墙21上所承受的反力可以相互抵消,形成自平衡体系。而且,由于反力墙21及其附属钢筋混泥土结构背靠基坑1的四边,试验平台周围土体会对反力墙施加一定反力,将有效减少反力墙的变形,并显著提高试验平台的抗倾覆能力。 It can be seen from the above that the significant difference between the large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench for geotechnical engineering of the present invention and the prior art is that the test part of the large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench for geotechnical engineering of the present invention, that is, the loading device 2 is mainly arranged underground , while the existing test platforms are all set on the ground. In the present invention, the main force-applying and force-receiving parts, mainly the reaction wall 21 and its subsidiary reinforced concrete structure, are arranged in the underground foundation pit 1, and are backed against the periphery of the foundation pit 1, so that the force and force are applied and received during the test. The parts of force are firmly embedded in the ground, which can ensure that the reaction force wall 21 possesses sufficient strength and rigidity. In addition, since the reaction force wall 21 is arranged around the four peripheries of the foundation pit 1 excavated from the ground, and it is surrounded and connected as a whole, when the force is applied to the model box through the four sides of the reaction force wall 21 at the same time, The reaction forces on the opposite reaction walls 21 can cancel each other out to form a self-balancing system. Moreover, since the reaction wall 21 and its attached reinforced concrete structure are backed against the four sides of the foundation pit 1, the soil around the test platform will exert a certain reaction force on the reaction wall, which will effectively reduce the deformation of the reaction wall and significantly improve the test platform. anti-overturning ability.

另一方面,反力墙21设置于地下基坑1中,节约了地上空间,同时便于试验过程中,试验人员从地面提供试验协助和观察试验过程。 On the other hand, the reaction wall 21 is arranged in the underground foundation pit 1, which saves the above-ground space, and at the same time facilitates the test personnel to provide test assistance and observe the test process from the ground during the test process.

本发明的岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台的另一个显著特点是其结构尺寸的大型化,本发明中的最大模型尺寸可达10m×6m×6m(长×宽×高),相对于现有技术的模型试验规模来说,尺寸上要相对大得多,方便进行各种不同工程、不同工况的模型试验。为了解决大型化的问题,本发明不但将主要试验结构设置于地下,也相应的进行了进一步的结构改进,例如,通过双层预应力钢筋混凝土结构的反力墙21提供了大刚度的加载装置,从而可以提供大吨位的加载系统。 Another notable feature of the large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench for geotechnical engineering of the present invention is the enlargement of its structural size. The maximum model size in the present invention can reach 10m × 6m × 6m (length × width × height). In terms of the scale of technical model tests, the size is relatively larger, which is convenient for model tests of various projects and different working conditions. In order to solve the large-scale problem, the present invention not only arranges the main test structure underground, but also carries out further structural improvements accordingly, for example, a large rigidity loading device is provided by the reaction wall 21 of the double-layer prestressed reinforced concrete structure , so as to provide a large tonnage loading system.

另外,对于大型试验来说,模型材料的输送会变得尤其困难。本发明的岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台由于设置于固定建筑物中,不可能像现有的敞开式钢架结构那样,在需要装载物料的时候采用起重机之类的可移动设备来起吊和输送物料,因此,本发明的岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台在围绕基坑1的地面试验建筑13的顶部设置了横跨基坑1的可移动的吊车14,用于通过吊钩或者抓斗输送物料。另外,为了便于人员进出基坑1设置和安装试验设备,在基坑1的一侧还设置了物料输送电梯井15,用于通过电梯井15输送人员或者小型的试验设备和模型材料。进一步的,由于大型试验需要输送大量的模型材料,在一个具体实施例中,在基坑1的上部还设置有可向所述模型箱中输送模型材料的传送带17。显然,这些结构的设置都是为了满足大型模型试验而提出的改进,现有技术中,对于位于地面的敞开式试验平台,无需使用物料输送电梯井15、传送带17、设置于地面试验建筑13的顶部的吊车14等结构。 Additionally, for large tests, the delivery of model material can become especially difficult. Since the large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench for geotechnical engineering of the present invention is set in a fixed building, it is impossible to use movable equipment such as a crane to lift and load materials like the existing open steel frame structure. Conveying materials, therefore, the geotechnical engineering large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench of the present invention is provided with the movable crane 14 that straddles the foundation pit 1 on the top of the ground test building 13 around foundation pit 1, is used for by hook or grabs The bucket transports the material. In addition, in order to facilitate personnel to enter and exit the foundation pit 1 to set up and install test equipment, a material delivery elevator shaft 15 is also provided on one side of the foundation pit 1 for transporting personnel or small-scale test equipment and model materials through the elevator shaft 15. Further, since large-scale tests need to transport a large amount of model materials, in a specific embodiment, a conveyor belt 17 is provided on the upper part of the foundation pit 1 to deliver model materials to the model box. Obviously, the settings of these structures are improvements proposed to meet the needs of large-scale model tests. In the prior art, for the open test platform located on the ground, there is no need to use the material conveying elevator shaft 15, the conveyor belt 17, and the ground test building 13. Structures such as the crane 14 on the top.

为了安装图4中所示的提供水平加载力的水平加载作动器等结构,所述基坑1的四个周边的每个所述反力墙21面向所述基坑1内部的一侧墙壁上都 均匀分布有多个水平加载孔23;从图2、3中可见,水平加载孔23有一部分是通孔,有一部分是盲孔,通孔和盲孔的分布根据试验需要而预先设计。本领域技术人员应当理解,当水平加载孔23是通孔时,其还可以用于布放电缆、水管、传感器线缆、输油管路等管线。 In order to install structures such as horizontal loading actuators that provide horizontal loading force as shown in FIG. A plurality of horizontal loading holes 23 are evenly distributed on the top; As can be seen from Figures 2 and 3, a part of the horizontal loading holes 23 is a through hole, and a part is a blind hole, and the distribution of the through hole and the blind hole is pre-designed according to the needs of the test. Those skilled in the art should understand that when the horizontal loading hole 23 is a through hole, it can also be used for laying cables, water pipes, sensor cables, oil pipelines and other pipelines.

如图4所示,其显示的是根据本发明的一个具体实施案例的模型箱3的俯视示意图,其中,模型箱3可由多块水平加载板31拼接成所述模型箱3的四个周边,同样的,类似于图4中显示的模型箱3的俯视图,多块垂直加载板拼接成所述模型箱的顶部,而模型箱3的底部与所述岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台共用底部钢筋混凝土地面。 As shown in Figure 4, it shows a schematic top view of a model box 3 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, wherein the model box 3 can be spliced into four peripheries of the model box 3 by a plurality of horizontal loading plates 31, Similarly, similar to the top view of the model box 3 shown in Figure 4, a plurality of vertical loading plates are spliced into the top of the model box, and the bottom of the model box 3 shares the bottom with the large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench for geotechnical engineering Reinforced concrete floor.

每个所述水平加载板31都连接有一个水平加载作动器32,所述水平加载作动器32通过设置于所述水平加载孔23中的连接螺栓与所述反力墙21固定连接;同样的,类似于图4中显示的模型箱3的俯视图,每个所述垂直加载板都连接有一个垂直加载作动器,每个所述垂直加载作动器通过连接螺栓与所述反力梁22固定连接。水平加载板31与水平加载油箱32通过球形关节连接的结构可以参见图6中放大显示的视图。 Each of the horizontal loading plates 31 is connected with a horizontal loading actuator 32, and the horizontal loading actuator 32 is fixedly connected with the reaction wall 21 through the connecting bolts arranged in the horizontal loading holes 23; Similarly, similar to the top view of the model box 3 shown in Figure 4, each of the vertical loading plates is connected with a vertical loading actuator, and each of the vertical loading actuators is connected to the reaction force by connecting bolts. Beam 22 is fixedly connected. The structure of connecting the horizontal loading plate 31 and the horizontal loading oil tank 32 through a spherical joint can be referred to the enlarged view shown in FIG. 6 .

关于模型箱3的结构,其与现有技术最大的不同之处在于,模型箱3是由多块水平加载板31和垂直加载板拼接而成,这样设置是为了满足不同规模、不同加载方式的模型试验的需要。例如,对于不同尺寸的模型,需要提供不同尺寸的加载板,采用本发明的加载板拼接结构可以很容易的拼接出不同尺寸的加载板组合,解决不同尺寸的模型试验的要求。 Regarding the structure of the model box 3, its biggest difference from the prior art is that the model box 3 is spliced by a plurality of horizontal loading plates 31 and vertical loading plates, which are set up to meet different scales and different loading methods. The need for model testing. For example, for models of different sizes, it is necessary to provide loading plates of different sizes. Using the loading plate splicing structure of the present invention can easily splice load plate combinations of different sizes to meet the requirements of model tests of different sizes.

由于模型箱3是由多块加载板拼接而成,因此,在制作模型前,可以只在模型箱3的三面安装水平加载板31,靠近试验通道16一侧加载板可不安装,然后将传送带17安装在试验通道16处,这样模型材料就可以由电梯15运送至地下,然后经由传送带17直接运进模型箱3空间,土层按照设计分层布置,分层安装靠试验通道16一侧的加载板,上层模型材料的调运可以采用在吊车上安装抓斗机进行,直至整个试体成型。 Because the model box 3 is spliced by a plurality of loading plates, therefore, before making the model, the horizontal loading plate 31 can only be installed on three sides of the model box 3, and the loading plate can not be installed near the test channel 16 side, and then the conveyor belt 17 Installed at the test channel 16, so that the model material can be transported underground by the elevator 15, and then directly transported into the model box 3 space via the conveyor belt 17, the soil layer is arranged in layers according to the design, and the layered installation depends on the load on the side of the test channel 16. Plates and upper model materials can be transported by installing a grab machine on the crane until the entire test body is formed.

另一方面,本发明采用拼接加载板的结构,每个加载板都提供了独立的加载油缸,配合每个加载板可以提供任意组合形式的力学加载模型,这一点与背景技术提及的现有技术CN100535267C以及CN202033951U有点类似,不过这些现有技术虽然提供了多个加载油缸,但是加载板却是整体结构,无 法针对各模型试验的不同实现灵活加载。 On the other hand, the present invention adopts the structure of splicing loading plates, and each loading plate provides an independent loading oil cylinder, which can provide any combination of mechanical loading models in conjunction with each loading plate, which is different from the existing Technology CN100535267C and CN202033951U are somewhat similar, although these prior art provide a plurality of loading oil cylinders, but loading plate is an integral structure, can't realize flexibly loading for each model test difference.

另外,在一个优选实施案例中,所述反力墙21为双层结构,双层反力墙21之间具有横撑和人员操作通道211,所述水平加载作动器的控制管线通过所述反力墙21上预留的水平加载孔23穿入双层反力墙21之间,并连接至所述地面试验建筑13的控制室内。这样设置是为了适应大型模型试验的要求,一方面提供了更大刚度的反力墙21,另一方面可以提供人员通道安装调试设备。 In addition, in a preferred embodiment, the reaction force wall 21 is a double-layer structure, and there are cross braces and personnel operation channels 211 between the double-layer reaction force walls 21, and the control pipeline of the horizontal loading actuator passes through the The horizontal loading hole 23 reserved on the reaction wall 21 penetrates between the double-layer reaction walls 21 and is connected to the control room of the ground test building 13 . This setting is to meet the requirements of large-scale model tests. On the one hand, it provides a more rigid reaction wall 21, and on the other hand, it can provide personnel passages for installing and debugging equipment.

图5显示的是图4中位置B处的放大示意图;在一个优选实施例中,相邻的水平加载板31的侧面均镶有密封胶条311,即在水平加载板31的周边铣有密封槽,然后镶入密封胶条311。这样可以保证模型箱3的拼接加载板之间的密封性,类似的,相邻的所述垂直加载板的侧面之间也可以镶有密封胶条。另外,从图5中可见,相邻的所述水平加载板31的侧面之间设有螺栓孔,同样类似图6中的结构,相邻的所述垂直加载板的侧面之间也可设有螺栓孔。这样设置是为了在试验需要时将相邻的所述水平加载板的侧面之间通过螺栓连接,保证各个水平加载板31处于竖直状态且整齐并排排列,使得各个水平加载板能够同步加载移动。 What Fig. 5 shows is the enlarged schematic view of position B in Fig. 4; groove, and then insert the sealing strip 311. This can ensure the airtightness between the spliced loading plates of the model box 3, and similarly, a sealing strip can also be embedded between the sides of the adjacent vertical loading plates. In addition, it can be seen from Fig. 5 that bolt holes are provided between the sides of adjacent horizontal loading plates 31, similar to the structure in Fig. 6, adjacent sides of the vertical loading plates may also be provided with Bolt hole. This arrangement is to connect the sides of the adjacent horizontal loading plates by bolts when the test requires, to ensure that each horizontal loading plate 31 is in a vertical state and neatly arranged side by side, so that each horizontal loading plate can be loaded and moved synchronously.

图6显示的是水平加载板31以及与其连接的水平加载油缸32的放大结构分解示意图,本领域技术人员应当理解,相关结构实际上同样适用于垂直加载板和垂直加载油缸的结构。 FIG. 6 shows an enlarged exploded view of the horizontal loading plate 31 and the horizontal loading cylinder 32 connected thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that the relevant structure is actually applicable to the structure of the vertical loading plate and the vertical loading cylinder.

具体来说,每个水平加载板31都通过球形关节34与一个水平加载油缸32相连,所述水平加载油缸32通过设置于所述水平安装孔23中的连接螺栓与所述反力墙21固定连接。利用球形关节34可以在加载之前调节各个加载板的水平、垂直位置,保证各个水平加载板31处于竖直状态且整齐并排排列,使得各个水平加载板能够同步加载移动。 Specifically, each horizontal loading plate 31 is connected to a horizontal loading cylinder 32 through a spherical joint 34, and the horizontal loading cylinder 32 is fixed to the reaction wall 21 through a connecting bolt arranged in the horizontal mounting hole 23 connect. The horizontal and vertical positions of each loading plate can be adjusted before loading by using the spherical joint 34 to ensure that each horizontal loading plate 31 is in a vertical state and arranged neatly side by side, so that each horizontal loading plate can be loaded and moved synchronously.

图7显示的是水平加载板的立体结构示意图,其中省略了密封胶条311的连接凹槽等结构,相关结构可以参见图5,所述水平加载板31具有一个与模型接触的面板312,所述面板312周边具有垂直于所述面板的侧板313,所述面板312和所述侧板313通过加强筋板314相连,所述加强筋板314具有 两个对角筋板3141,两个中间筋板3142以及平行于所述侧板设置的环绕筋板3143,所述加强筋板314的中部具有一个连接板315。 What Fig. 7 shows is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the horizontal loading plate, wherein omits structures such as the connecting groove of the sealing strip 311, related structure can be referred to Fig. 5, and described horizontal loading plate 31 has a panel 312 that contacts with model, so The periphery of the panel 312 has a side plate 313 perpendicular to the panel, the panel 312 and the side plate 313 are connected by a rib plate 314, and the rib plate 314 has two diagonal rib plates 3141, two middle The rib plate 3142 and the surrounding rib plate 3143 arranged parallel to the side plate, the middle part of the rib plate 314 has a connecting plate 315 .

如图6所示,水平加载板31与水平加载油缸32通过球形关节34连接,其中,所述连接板315上连接有一个球形关节连接座3151,所述球形关节连接座3151与所述球形关节底座344相对,并将所述球形关节34夹持在二者之间,所述固定件341的一端通过螺栓与所述球形关节连接座3151固定连接,另一端通过螺栓与所述球形关节底座344固定连接。 As shown in Figure 6, the horizontal loading plate 31 is connected to the horizontal loading cylinder 32 through a spherical joint 34, wherein a spherical joint connecting seat 3151 is connected to the connecting plate 315, and the spherical joint connecting seat 3151 is connected to the spherical joint The base 344 is opposite and clamps the spherical joint 34 between the two. One end of the fixing member 341 is fixedly connected to the spherical joint connection seat 3151 through a bolt, and the other end is connected to the spherical joint base 344 through a bolt. Fixed connection.

类似于图7的结构,垂直加载板也可以具有上述类似的结构和功能,在此不再赘述。 Similar to the structure shown in FIG. 7 , the vertical loading plate may also have the above-mentioned similar structure and function, which will not be repeated here.

本发明提出了一种用于岩土工程大型立体综合模拟试验台的加载装置,其可用于地下空间及其开挖模拟试验、降雨和地下水位升降条件下地基和边坡工程模拟试验、桩基和桩周土的动力响应试验、管片模拟试验、结构部件性能试验等不同功能的土工试验模拟,同时,可实现真三维加载,可进行大尺寸物理模型试验。 The invention proposes a loading device for a large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench of geotechnical engineering, which can be used for underground space and its excavation simulation test, foundation and slope engineering simulation test under the conditions of rainfall and groundwater level rise and fall, pile foundation It can simulate soil engineering tests with different functions such as dynamic response test of soil around the pile, segment simulation test, and performance test of structural components. At the same time, it can realize true three-dimensional loading and large-scale physical model tests.

本领域技术人员应当理解,虽然本发明是按照多个实施例的方式进行描述的,但是并非每个实施例仅包含一个独立的技术方案。说明书中如此叙述仅仅是为了清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体加以理解,并将各实施例中所涉及的技术方案看作是可以相互组合成不同实施例的方式来理解本发明的保护范围。 Those skilled in the art should understand that although the present invention is described in terms of multiple embodiments, not each embodiment only includes an independent technical solution. The description in the description is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should understand the description as a whole, and understand the present invention by considering the technical solutions involved in each embodiment as being able to be combined with each other to form different embodiments scope of protection.

以上所述仅为本发明示意性的具体实施方式,并非用以限定本发明的范围。任何本领域的技术人员,在不脱离本发明的构思和原则的前提下所作的等同变化、修改与结合,均应属于本发明保护的范围。 The above descriptions are only illustrative specific implementations of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes, modifications and combinations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. The utility model provides a loading device for large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test platform of geotechnical engineering, large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test platform of geotechnical engineering includes loading device and mold box at least, loading device is including the counter-force wall that provides horizontal loading power and the counter-force roof beam that provides perpendicular loading power, its characterized in that:
the counterforce wall is made of reinforced concrete and surrounds four peripheries of a foundation pit excavated from the ground; the reaction walls are of double-layer structures, personnel operation channels are arranged between the double-layer reaction walls, and control pipelines of the horizontal loading oil cylinder penetrate between the double-layer reaction walls through horizontal mounting holes reserved on the reaction walls and are connected into a control room of the ground test building;
the reaction beam is arranged on the upper end surface of the reaction wall across the geotechnical engineering large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bed and is fixedly connected with a steel structure component poured in concrete of the reaction wall;
the model box is formed by splicing a plurality of horizontal loading plates into four peripheries of the model box, a plurality of vertical loading plates are spliced into the top of the model box, and the bottom of the model box and the foundation pit share the bottom reinforced concrete ground; a plurality of reserved horizontal mounting holes are uniformly distributed on one side wall of each reaction wall at the four peripheries of the foundation pit, which faces the interior of the foundation pit; each horizontal loading plate is connected with a horizontal loading oil cylinder through a spherical joint, and the horizontal loading oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the reaction wall through a connecting bolt arranged in the horizontal mounting hole; each vertical loading plate is connected with a vertical loading oil cylinder through a spherical joint, and each vertical loading oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the counter-force beam through a connecting bolt;
the side surfaces of the adjacent horizontal loading plates are connected through bolts.
2. The loading device according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal loading plate has a face plate contacting the model, the face plate has a side plate perpendicular to the face plate at the periphery, the face plate and the side plate are connected by a reinforcing rib plate, the reinforcing rib plate has two diagonal rib plates, two middle rib plates and a surrounding rib plate arranged parallel to the side plate, and a connecting plate is arranged at the middle part of the reinforcing rib plate.
CN201310290041.4A 2013-07-11 2013-07-11 Loading device for geotechnical engineering large-sized three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bed Expired - Fee Related CN103454103B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201310290041.4A CN103454103B (en) 2013-07-11 2013-07-11 Loading device for geotechnical engineering large-sized three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bed

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201310290041.4A CN103454103B (en) 2013-07-11 2013-07-11 Loading device for geotechnical engineering large-sized three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bed

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN103454103A CN103454103A (en) 2013-12-18
CN103454103B true CN103454103B (en) 2015-07-15

Family

ID=49736718

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201310290041.4A Expired - Fee Related CN103454103B (en) 2013-07-11 2013-07-11 Loading device for geotechnical engineering large-sized three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bed

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN103454103B (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103884831B (en) * 2014-04-04 2015-11-11 云南省交通规划设计研究院 A kind of roadbed side slope and underground works multifunction three-dimensional model test platform
CN104807974B (en) * 2015-05-08 2016-03-02 西安科技大学 A kind of analog material seam mining simulator stand and test method
CN106940233B (en) * 2017-04-01 2023-03-17 合肥工业大学 Underground structure waterproof test comprehensive test platform and test method thereof
CN109540688B (en) * 2019-01-10 2023-10-24 辽宁工程技术大学 Large-size true triaxial hydraulic fracturing simulation test device and test method
CN110284530B (en) * 2019-05-17 2020-06-26 同济大学 Multifunctional combined assembled model test box device combining foundation pit and tunnel and application
CN111474061B (en) * 2020-04-30 2022-09-02 淮安市计量测试中心 Water tank bearing strength test platform
CN112051133B (en) * 2020-09-03 2024-04-05 华北科技学院 Loading system for mechanical simulation test

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19521777C2 (en) * 1995-06-20 1998-08-20 Deutsch Zentr Luft & Raumfahrt Arrangement for introducing normal forces into shells
JP4399570B2 (en) * 2000-06-12 2010-01-20 東京電力株式会社 Horizontal force loading method and apparatus for substructure
CN2716851Y (en) * 2004-03-26 2005-08-10 北京工业大学 Building block type mechanical motion mechanism for simulating seismic oscillation table array system
CN100535267C (en) * 2005-06-28 2009-09-02 中国矿业大学(北京) Simulation test system for underground construction in city
CN101285808B (en) * 2008-05-29 2010-08-04 山东大学 High ground stress true three-dimensional loading model test system
CN102879549B (en) * 2012-09-29 2015-07-08 重庆大学 Three-way load large-scale three-dimensional analog simulation test system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103454103A (en) 2013-12-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN103454400B (en) Model box applied to large stereoscopic synthesis simulation test bench in geotechnical engineering
CN103452144B (en) Large-scale three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench for geotechnical engineering
CN103454103B (en) Loading device for geotechnical engineering large-sized three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bed
CN107255698B (en) Fully automatic true triaxial tunnel and underground engineering model test system
CN103398861B (en) A kind of true triaxial rockburst physical simulation experiment system for deep-lying tunnel
CN102175516B (en) Large-scale combined dynamic and static multifunctional geotechnical engineering simulation test device
CN101285808B (en) High ground stress true three-dimensional loading model test system
CN206177607U (en) Tunnel model subside with load test case
AU2017329096A1 (en) Intelligent numerically-controlled ultrahigh pressure true three-dimensional non-uniform loading/unloading and steady pressure model test system
WO2023103159A1 (en) Three-dimensional dynamic and static load test system and method for simulating deep roadway excavation
CN201352179Y (en) Integral testing apparatus of shield tunnel structural model
CN101435746A (en) Comprehensive test system of shield tunnel construction model
CN108982219A (en) Tunnel fault dislocation model test device and dislocation model test system
CN102175517A (en) Large-size freely combined model test device for high ground stress underground engineering
CN203881738U (en) Three-dimensional model test system for treating water bursting, mud bursting and grouting of tunnel
CN102620899A (en) Self-loading device for test of simulating crustal stress of surrounding rock on rock tunnel shaking table
CN112854242B (en) Concrete supporting system capable of actively controlling lateral deformation of foundation pit enclosure
CN202916109U (en) Multifunctional experimental device for simulating pipe-clay effect
CN111044375B (en) A reaction well loading device and method for large-scale full-scale test of segment
CN208934726U (en) The Work condition analogue testing stand of Bolt System
CN114859017A (en) Stratum stress field and displacement field control test device and method
CN205138985U (en) Self -balancing buried pipeline and soil body interact test device
CN103759962B (en) A kind of large tunnel simulation loading experimental platform equipment
CN212956546U (en) Zero displacement underground structure and fender soil device
CN211043379U (en) Geotechnical engineering test device

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
TR01 Transfer of patent right
TR01 Transfer of patent right

Effective date of registration: 20180508

Address after: 272200 Wang Chieh Road, Jinxiang County, Jining, Shandong Province, No. 15-1

Patentee after: SHANDONG QINGYI INTELLIGENT EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURING Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 100022 No. 100 Chaoyang District Ping Tian Park, Beijing

Patentee before: Beijing University of Technology

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20150715