CN113281179B - Shield tunnel excavation model test box - Google Patents
Shield tunnel excavation model test box Download PDFInfo
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- CN113281179B CN113281179B CN202110555090.0A CN202110555090A CN113281179B CN 113281179 B CN113281179 B CN 113281179B CN 202110555090 A CN202110555090 A CN 202110555090A CN 113281179 B CN113281179 B CN 113281179B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/064—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with hydraulic indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0611—Hydraulic or pneumatic indicating, recording or sensing means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a shield tunnel excavation model test box, wherein the front part of a box body, the rear part of the box body, two side walls of the box body and the bottom of the box body are made of steel plates; the inner sides of the front parts of the box bodies are respectively provided with a toughened glass layer, and the toughened glass of the toughened glass layer is fixed with the steel plate at the front part of the box body through fixing bolts; the reinforcing ribs are arranged on the outer sides of the steel plates, and the simulation pipe pieces penetrate through the box body; the fiber bragg grating is arranged on the outer side of the simulation duct piece; the piston is arranged in the simulation segment and connected with loading equipment through a piston rod, a hydraulic cavity for containing hydraulic oil is formed between the piston and the sealing end of the simulation segment, soil is filled in the inner space of the box body on the outer side of the simulation segment, and the existing structure is arranged at the top of the box body; the multipoint displacement meter is buried in a soil body in the box body, and vertical uneven settlement of the soil body is monitored through the multipoint displacement meter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel excavation, in particular to a shield tunnel excavation model test box.
Background
Currently, on the background of urban traffic congestion and increasingly tense land, urban planners are tending to alleviate this conflict by building subway projects. The construction and site selection of the subway is usually the road in a busy city, so the construction and the construction of the subway by adopting the shield method are usually the choices of engineers. However, in the process of subway construction, the existing structures around are often affected. In the construction process, the surrounding soil body is not uniformly settled due to various reasons, the original stress field is destroyed, and the existing structure is destroyed. Therefore, the mechanical influence in the construction process needs to be simulated through a model test during design, so that the design is continuously perfected, and the safety of the design is ensured.
But at present, a test box capable of better simulating the mechanical influence on the existing structure in the shield construction does not exist, so that the test box can well simulate the mechanical influence on the existing structure caused by the shield construction, and can better help researchers to implement model tests.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a shield tunnel excavation model test box which simulates the shield method tunnel excavation process through duct pieces, hydraulic oil, pistons and the like. The front and back two sides of the toughened glass can adjust the section type and the section area according to the requirements of experimenters.
The shield tunnel excavation model test box simulates the whole construction process by controlling the discharge of hydraulic oil. The fiber bragg grating on the simulated duct piece displays the uneven settlement of the soil body around the simulated duct piece. The oil pressure shows the soil pressure in front of the palm surface in the model test. The flowmeter monitors the discharge flow rate of hydraulic oil so as to simulate the slag tapping speed in shield construction. The propelling speed of the piston is controlled by loading equipment, so that the tunneling speed of the shield tunneling machine is simulated. And monitoring the vertical differential settlement of the unearthed body through a multi-point displacement meter buried in the soil. The design idea is simple, the action mechanism is clear, the test operation is safe and reliable, good technical support can be provided for the shield tunnel construction to the model test influenced by the existing structure, and the method has good application prospect.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a shield tunnel excavation model test box comprises a box body, toughened glass, reinforcing ribs, fixing bolts, simulation pipe pieces, fiber bragg gratings, hydraulic oil, a piston, a multipoint displacement meter, a soil body and an existing structure; the steel plates are arranged at the front part of the box body, the rear part of the box body, two side walls of the box body and the bottom of the box body; the inner sides of the front parts of the box bodies are respectively provided with a toughened glass layer, and the toughened glass of the toughened glass layer is fixed with the steel plate at the front part of the box body through fixing bolts; the reinforcing ribs are arranged on the outer sides of the steel plates, and the simulation pipe pieces penetrate through the box body; the fiber bragg grating is arranged on the outer side of the simulation duct piece; the piston is arranged in the simulation segment and connected with loading equipment through a piston rod, a hydraulic cavity for containing hydraulic oil is formed between the piston and the sealing end of the simulation segment, soil is filled in the inner space of the box body on the outer side of the simulation segment, and the existing structure is arranged at the top of the box body; the multipoint displacement meter is buried in a soil body in the box body, and vertical uneven settlement of the soil body is monitored through the multipoint displacement meter.
Preferably, the steel plates of the two side walls of the box body and the steel plate of the bottom of the box body are all one-piece steel plates.
Preferably, the front part of the box body is provided with an opening, and the steel plate at the front side of the box body is an opening steel plate.
Preferably, a plurality of multipoint displacement meters are arranged in the soil body on the upper portion of the simulation segment and are uniformly distributed in the soil body on the upper portion of the simulation segment.
Preferably, the upper end of the multipoint displacement meter is flush with soil on the top of the box body.
Preferably, a preset distance H is reserved between the lower portion of the multipoint displacement meter and the highest point of the simulated duct piece.
Preferably, a plastic sealing rubber plug is arranged between the inner side wall of the simulated duct piece and the outer edge of the piston disc of the piston. Preferably, an oil valve, a flow meter and an oil pressure meter are arranged on a piston disc of the piston.
Preferably, the plurality of grating fibers are uniformly distributed on the outer side wall of the simulation segment along the circumferential direction, and the extending direction of the fiber grating is parallel to the axis of the simulation segment.
Preferably, a tempered glass layer is arranged on the inner side of the steel plate at the rear part of the box body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
according to the shield tunnel excavation model test box, the two sides and the bottom plate of the box are made of steel plates, and the front side is made of an open steel plate. The model box is provided with a penetrating simulation pipe piece. The front and the back sides are provided with toughened glass which is connected with the steel plate through a fixing bolt. The steel plate used has reinforcing ribs to maintain the steel plate stable. According to the required simulated tunnel section, the toughened glass is provided with the required section type and area. The simulation duct piece is a duct joint, and 4 fiber gratings are longitudinally adhered to the duct joint. One end of the pipe section is sealed, the other end of the pipe section is provided with a piston with a plastic sealing rubber plug, and the interior of the pipe section is filled with hydraulic oil. The piston is provided with an oil pressure gauge and an oil valve, and the end part of the oil valve is provided with a flow meter. The section type and the section area of the toughened glass on the front side and the rear side can be adjusted according to the requirements of experimenters. The whole construction process is simulated by controlling the discharge of hydraulic oil in the experimental process. The fiber bragg grating on the simulated duct piece can well display the uneven settlement of the soil body around the duct piece. The oil pressure gauge represents the soil pressure in front of the palm surface in the model test. The flow meter monitors the discharge flow rate of hydraulic oil, and can represent the slag tapping speed in shield construction. The experimenter controls the advancing speed of the piston through the loading instrument, so that the advancing speed of the shield tunneling machine can be represented. Through the multipoint displacement meter buried in the soil, the vertical differential settlement of the unearthed body is monitored. The design idea is simple, the action mechanism is clear, the test operation is safe and reliable, good technical support can be provided for the shield tunnel construction to the model test influenced by the existing structure, and the method has good application prospect.
Drawings
The advantages of the above and/or additional aspects of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a shield tunnel excavation model test box according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of a shield tunnel excavation model test box according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a side view schematically illustrating a test box of a shield tunnel excavation model according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a shield tunnel excavation model test box according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
The shield tunnel excavation model test box provided by the embodiment of the invention is a test box for simulating the influence of the shield excavation process on the existing structure, and the shield tunnel excavation process is simulated by simulating duct pieces, hydraulic oil and pistons. As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the test chamber of the invention comprises a chamber body, a toughened glass 2, a reinforcing rib 3, a fixing bolt 4, a simulation segment 5, a fiber grating 6, hydraulic oil 7, a piston 8, a plastic sealing rubber plug 9, an oil valve 10, a flow meter 11, an oil pressure meter 12, a multipoint displacement meter 13, a soil body 14 and an existing structure 15.
The box includes a first side, a second side, a third side, a fourth side, and a bottom. The first side part is the front part of the box body, the second side part and the third side part are two side walls of the box body respectively, the fourth side part is the rear part of the box body, and the second side parts are located on two sides of the first side part respectively.
The first side, the second side, the third side, the fourth side and the bottom of the box body are steel plates 1.
The steel plates on the two side walls of the box body and the steel plate at the bottom of the box body are all integral steel plates.
The first side of the box body is provided with an opening, and the steel plate on the front side of the box body is an opening steel plate.
The inner sides of the front parts of the box bodies are provided with toughened glass layers, and preferably, the toughened glass of the toughened glass layers is connected with the steel plates 1 through fixing bolts 4.
Furthermore, the inner side of the rear part of the box body is provided with a toughened glass layer, and preferably, the toughened glass of the toughened glass layer is connected with the steel plate 1 through a fixing bolt 4.
The simulation pipe piece 5 penetrates through the box body. The inner space of the box body outside the simulated duct piece 5 is filled with soil 14, and the existing structure 15 is arranged on the top of the box body. The multipoint displacement meter 13 is buried in a soil body 14 in the box body, and the multipoint displacement meter 13 is used for monitoring the vertical uneven settlement of the unearthed body.
Preferably, the multipoint displacement gauge is buried in the earth above the simulated duct piece 5.
Preferably, a plurality of multipoint displacement meters are arranged in the soil body on the upper part of the simulation segment 5, and further, the multipoint displacement meters are uniformly distributed in the soil body on the upper part of the simulation segment.
Preferably, the multipoint displacement meters are evenly distributed in the soil around the existing structure 15, that is, the multipoint displacement meters are not arranged below the existing structure 15.
Preferably, the upper end of the multi-point displacement meter 13 is flush with the soil at the top of the box.
And a preset distance H is reserved between the lower part of the multipoint displacement meter 13 and the highest point of the simulated duct piece 5.
Preferably, the top of the box body is open, the bottom of the existing structure 15 is buried in soil at the top of the box body, and the upper part of the existing structure 15 is exposed to the air.
Arranging a fiber grating 6 on the outer side of the simulation segment 5; preferably, the number of the fiber gratings is four. Four grating fibers are uniformly distributed on the outer side wall of the simulation duct piece 5 along the circumferential direction.
Preferably, the outer surface of the steel plate is provided with a reinforcing rib 3, and the steel plate is maintained stable by the reinforcing rib 3.
Preferably, the reinforcing ribs 3 are a grid structure in which horizontal reinforcing ribs and vertical reinforcing ribs intersect vertically.
The toughened glass layer of opening play in the front portion of the box body is provided with simulation segment holes, and simulation segments 5 penetrate through the round holes to the inside of the box body.
Furthermore, the horizontal reinforcing ribs are two parallel to each other, and the length of the first horizontal reinforcing rib is equal to that of the second horizontal reinforcing rib.
The first horizontal reinforcing rib is positioned on the first edge of the opening at the front part of the box body; the second horizontal reinforcing rib is positioned on the second side of the opening in the front of the box body, the first side of the opening in the front of the box side is the upper edge of the opening, and the second side of the opening in the front of the box body is the lower edge of the opening.
The vertical reinforcing ribs comprise a first vertical reinforcing rib and a second vertical reinforcing rib, and the length of the first vertical reinforcing rib is greater than that of the second vertical reinforcing rib.
Preferably, the outer side wall of the steel plate above the first horizontal stiffener is divided into a plurality of first grids of equal size by the second vertical stiffener. The outer side of the steel plate below the second horizontal reinforcing rib is divided into a plurality of first grids with equal size by the second vertical reinforcing rib.
The first horizontal reinforcing rib, the second horizontal reinforcing rib and the first vertical reinforcing rib form a second lattice at both side surfaces of the opening of the front portion of the case body, respectively.
Preferably, the area of the second compartment is larger than the area of the first compartment.
Preferably, first holes are provided at four corners of the steel plate at the front of the cabinet, second holes are provided at four corners of the tempered glass at the inner side of the front of the cabinet, and the first holes and the second holes are provided so that the fixing bolts 4 pass through the first holes and the second holes to fix the tempered glass and the front of the cabinet.
Preferably, the first holes are provided in the first lattices at the four corners of the steel plate at the front of the case.
Preferably, the outer surfaces of the two side walls of the box body are also provided with reinforcing ribs 3, and the reinforcing ribs 3 are arranged on the outer side walls of the steel plate 1. The reinforcing ribs include horizontal reinforcing ribs and vertical reinforcing ribs. The horizontal reinforcing ribs and the horizontal reinforcing ribs are perpendicular to each other.
Furthermore, the horizontal reinforcing ribs are two parallel to each other, and the length of the first horizontal reinforcing rib is equal to that of the second horizontal reinforcing rib.
The distance between the first horizontal reinforcing rib and the second horizontal reinforcing rib is the height of the opening of the front part of the box body along the vertical direction. The first horizontal reinforcing rib of the side wall of the box body and the upper edge of the front opening of the box body are positioned in the same horizontal plane, and the second horizontal reinforcing rib and the lower edge of the front opening of the box body are positioned in the same horizontal plane.
The first vertical reinforcing rib on the side wall of the box body is parallel to the second vertical reinforcing rib on the side wall of the box body. The vertical reinforcing ribs on the side wall of the box body are uniformly distributed in the direction perpendicular to the horizontal reinforcing ribs on the side wall of the box body.
Preferably, the outer side wall of the rear part of the box is also provided with reinforcing ribs. The outer side wall of the rear part of the box body comprises a horizontal reinforcing rib and a vertical reinforcing rib, the first horizontal reinforcing rib at the rear part of the box body and the upper edge of the front opening of the box body are positioned in the same horizontal plane, and the second horizontal reinforcing rib and the lower edge of the front opening of the box body are positioned in the same horizontal plane. Preferably, the plurality of vertical reinforcing ribs at the rear of the box body are all perpendicular to the horizontal reinforcing ribs at the rear of the box body, and the vertical reinforcing ribs at the rear of the box body are uniformly distributed in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal reinforcing ribs on the side wall of the box body.
According to the required simulated tunnel section, namely, according to the section shape of the simulated duct piece 5, the required section type and area are arranged on the toughened glass.
The material of the simulated duct piece is designed and selected according to the requirements of specific experiments.
Preferably, 4 fiber gratings are adhered to the dummy pipe piece along the longitudinal direction. The longitudinal direction is a direction parallel to the axis of the mock segment.
One end of the simulation pipe piece is closed, and the other end of the simulation pipe piece is opened; the piston stretches into inside the simulation section of jurisdiction from the open end of simulation section of jurisdiction, forms the hydraulic pressure chamber between the closed end of piston 8 and simulation section of jurisdiction, set up hydraulic oil in the hydraulic pressure chamber.
Specifically, the first end of simulation section of jurisdiction is sealed, the second end of simulation section of jurisdiction sets up the piston that has the plastic seal plug, and the simulation section of jurisdiction between the first end of piston and simulation section of jurisdiction is inside to be full of hydraulic oil 7.
As shown in fig. 4, a hydraulic gauge 12 and an oil valve 10 are provided at the piston, and a flow meter 11 is attached to an end portion of the oil valve.
And a piston rod is arranged on the outer side of the piston and is connected with the loading equipment. The piston is driven by the piston rod to move. An oil pressure meter oil inlet pipe mounting hole is formed in a piston disc of the piston, and an oil inlet pipe of the oil pressure meter is arranged at the oil pressure meter inlet pipe mounting hole, so that the pressure of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cavity can be measured in real time.
The piston disc of the piston is also provided with an oil inlet hole, and the oil pipe is connected with the oil inlet hole so as to realize the inlet and outlet of hydraulic oil. An oil valve 10 is arranged at the position of the oil inlet pipe, and the inflow and outflow of hydraulic oil are realized through the opening and closing of the oil valve 10. A flow rate 11 is provided at the oil inlet pipe outside the oil valve 10 in order to meter the amount of oil flowing into the outlet hydraulic chamber.
Preferably, a plastic sealing rubber plug 9 is arranged between the piston and the dummy tube sheet so as to improve the sealing performance of the hydraulic chamber.
Preferably, the toughened glass at the front part and the rear part of the box body can adjust the section type and the section area according to the experiment requirements.
The shield tunnel excavation model test box simulates the whole construction process by controlling the discharge of hydraulic oil. The fiber bragg grating on the simulated duct piece displays the differential settlement of the soil body around the simulated duct piece. The oil pressure shows the soil pressure in front of the palm surface in the model test. The flowmeter monitors the discharge flow rate of hydraulic oil so as to simulate the slag tapping speed in shield construction. The propelling speed of the piston is controlled by loading equipment, so that the tunneling speed of the shield tunneling machine is simulated. And monitoring the vertical differential settlement of the unearthed body through a multi-point displacement meter buried in the soil. The design idea is simple, the action mechanism is clear, the test operation is safe and reliable, good technical support can be provided for the shield tunnel construction to the model test influenced by the existing structure, and the method has good application prospect.
The shield tunnel excavation model test box according to the present invention is a rectangular test box having an inner size of 2.5m × 1.5m × 1.5m, and includes 5 steel plates as a protection plate.
A steel plate supporting part of the test box is welded into a quadrilateral frame form by reinforcing ribs of a steel plate with the thickness of 1-2cm, and the side length of the frame in the steel plate is 50cm multiplied by 50cm. And installing an opening toughened glass plate on the inner side of the rectangular frame through a fixing bolt, wherein the thickness of the glass plate is 2-3cm, and the glass plate is used for simulating the type of the tunnel portal. And adhering fiber bragg gratings on the pipe piece longitudinally, filling soil, and then placing in a model box. And (5) continuously filling soil, burying a multi-point displacement meter in the process of filling soil, and measuring vertical displacement change. The experimental test system was arranged for the existing structure. And (3) placing the piston into the duct piece, and injecting hydraulic oil into the duct piece through the oil valve until the duct piece is filled. An experimenter can reach parameters required by the experimenter by applying force to the piston and controlling the oil outlet speed of the oil valve, so that the simulation of the shield construction process is realized. The pressure of soil in front of the palm surface in the model test is represented by an oil pressure gauge. The discharge flow rate of the hydraulic oil is monitored through a flow meter, and the slag tapping speed in shield construction can be represented. The experimenter controls the advancing speed of the piston through the loading instrument, so that the advancing speed of the shield tunneling machine can be represented.
It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments taken to illustrate the principles of the present invention, which is not limited thereto. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the communication may be direct, indirect via an intermediate medium, or internal to both elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art. In addition, in the description of the present invention, the meaning of "at least three" is two or more unless otherwise specified.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A shield tunnel excavation model test box is characterized by comprising a box body, toughened glass, reinforcing ribs, fixing bolts, simulation pipe pieces, fiber gratings, hydraulic oil, a piston, a multipoint displacement meter, a soil body and an existing structure;
the front part of the box body, the rear part of the box body, two side walls of the box body and the bottom of the box body are made of steel plates; the inner sides of the front part of the box body are provided with toughened glass layers; the toughened glass of the toughened glass layer is fixed with a steel plate in the front of the box body through a fixing bolt;
the reinforcing ribs are arranged on the outer sides of the steel plates, and the simulation pipe pieces penetrate through the box body; the fiber bragg grating is arranged on the outer side of the simulation segment; the piston is arranged in the simulation pipe piece and connected with loading equipment through a piston rod, and a hydraulic cavity for containing the hydraulic oil is formed between the piston and the sealing end of the simulation pipe piece; the space inside the box body at the outer side of the simulation pipe piece is filled with the soil body, and the existing structure is arranged at the top of the box body; the multipoint displacement meter is embedded in a soil body in the box body, and the vertical uneven settlement of the soil body is monitored through the multipoint displacement meter; the first end of the simulation segment is sealed, and the second end of the simulation segment is provided with a piston with a plastic sealing rubber plug; the piston extends into the simulation duct piece from the opening end of the simulation duct piece, a hydraulic cavity is formed between the piston and the closed end of the simulation duct piece, and hydraulic oil is arranged in the hydraulic cavity; the inside of the simulation segment between the piston and the first end of the simulation segment is filled with hydraulic oil.
2. The shield tunnel excavation model test box of claim 1, wherein the steel plates of both side walls of the box body and the steel plate of the bottom of the box body are integral steel plates.
3. The shield tunnel excavation model test box of claim 2, wherein the box body has an opening at a front portion thereof, and the steel plate at the front side of the box body is an open steel plate.
4. The shield tunnel excavation model test box of claim 3, wherein a plurality of multipoint displacement meters are provided in the soil mass above the simulated segment and are uniformly distributed in the soil mass above the simulated segment.
5. The shield tunnel excavation model test box of claim 4, wherein an upper end of the multipoint displacement meter is flush with a soil mass at a top of the box body.
6. The shield tunnel excavation model test box of claim 5, wherein a preset distance H is provided between the lower portion of the multipoint displacement gauge and the highest point of the simulated segment.
7. The shield tunnel excavation model test box of claim 6, wherein an oil valve, a flow meter, and an oil pressure gauge are provided on a piston disc of the piston.
8. The shield tunnel excavation model test box of claim 7, wherein a plurality of grating fibers are uniformly distributed on the outer side wall of the simulation segment along the circumferential direction and the extending direction of the fiber gratings is parallel to the axis of the simulation segment.
9. The shield tunnel excavation model test box of claim 8, wherein a tempered glass layer is provided on an inner side of the steel plate at the rear of the box body.
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| CN114609368B (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-11-08 | 浙大城市学院 | Test device and method for researching influence of external load on soil arch effect of shield tunnel |
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| JPH0829297A (en) * | 1994-07-12 | 1996-02-02 | Nishimatsu Constr Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for test of shield excavation model |
| CN110748353A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-02-04 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Shield excavation and soil body settlement monitoring simulation test platform and simulation test method |
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| JP2009235695A (en) * | 2008-03-26 | 2009-10-15 | Ihi Corp | Crawling boring control device of shield machine |
| US10542195B2 (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2020-01-21 | Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Arkansas | Pressurized fluid-submerged, internal, close-range photogrammetry system for laboratory testing |
| CN206075696U (en) * | 2016-07-02 | 2017-04-05 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of similarity material test device of simulation shield driving |
| CN108489745A (en) * | 2018-03-11 | 2018-09-04 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of variable cross-section soil pressure balancing type tunnel shielding simulation experiment system |
| CN108625865A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-10-09 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of test method of simulation shield tunnel construction |
| CN109141265B (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2019-09-06 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of advanced monitoring device of tunnel excavation country rock overall process deformation curve and its implementation method |
| CN210244824U (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2020-04-03 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Multi-bin separated water bag drainage shield tunneling stratum loss simulation device |
| CN211784774U (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-10-27 | 长安大学 | Test device for simulating tunnel excavation deformation control |
| CN112485125B (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2024-04-09 | 山东建筑大学 | Tunnel model test device and method capable of controlling soil loss rate |
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| JPH0829297A (en) * | 1994-07-12 | 1996-02-02 | Nishimatsu Constr Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for test of shield excavation model |
| CN110748353A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-02-04 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Shield excavation and soil body settlement monitoring simulation test platform and simulation test method |
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