CN105866376B - Real-time measurement excavates the test method of slope landslide slope-mass slide displacement stress - Google Patents
Real-time measurement excavates the test method of slope landslide slope-mass slide displacement stress Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the test method that a kind of real-time measurement excavates slope landslide slope-mass slide displacement stress, concretely comprise the following steps：Model test apparatus is installed, the model test apparatus includes Landslide Model system, displacement stress test system and PIV test systems；Soil sample is placed in the branch guard on the sliding surface of landslide, the compaction in layers since sliding surface bottom；Open PIV test systems；Slope excavates the soil body, real-time measurement landslide land movement, the change of pressure, shear stress and configuration of surface.Compared with prior art, high precision displacement, pressure and shearing stress sensor are disposed with experimental rig sliding surface disclosed by the invention, can accurately measure pressure, shear stress and the change in displacement situation of the soil body in real time；High-precision video camera is set above model, while can be with real-time measurement landslide surface overall process slope-mass slide displacement image with PIV technologies；Test method disclosed by the invention is easy to operate, and the Instrument structure being related to is simple, and adjustability is strong, is easy to grasp.
Description
Technical field
Slope excavation process of landslides can be simulated the present invention relates to one kind and different sliding surface form downslide displacement bodies, stress are answered
Become the test method that changing rule carries out real-time measurement.
Background technology
Research and exploration to different inducement downslide hill wash stressing conditions and displacement stress changing rule of gliding mass when dynamic
Key issue always in Geotechnical Engineering.Domestic and foreign scholars are usually suitable using establishing when studying this problem
When Landslide Model carry out model test, when the inducement to landslide is studied, typically to thrust load caused landslide research comparison
Deeply, the research to retrogressive landslide is less.In practice, the stressing conditions of retrogressive landslide and ess-strain changing rule
It is not quite similar with thrust load caused landslide, therefore stressing conditions to retrogressive landslide and the exploration of slopes ess-strain rule are to rock
Geotechnological journey is significant, and landslide slip caused by slope is excavated is a kind of typical retrogressive landslide sliding condition.
To landslide along certain sliding surface slide when gliding mass stressing conditions and change in displacement rule study when, using landslide
Model carries out model test, and the selected of landslide sliding surface form is focused primarily upon using assuming or similar in appearance to actual cunning in experiment
The fixation sliding surface on slope.In practice, there is diversity in landslide sliding surface form, does not only exist the spill studied in general sense and slides
Face, also linear, stairstepping, or even convex sliding surface.Landslide with different sliding surface forms, when sliding,
The version of each regional stress strain variation rule of gliding mass and slope surface form is not quite similar.Therefore, different cunnings are carried out
The research of face form downslide displacement body and ess-strain changing rule is significant to Geotechnical Engineering.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, there is provided one kind can simulate slope and excavate process of landslides
And the test method of real-time measurement is carried out to different sliding surface form downslide displacement bodies, ess-strain changing rule, the present invention discloses
Test method it is easy to operate, the Instrument structure being related to is simple, and adjustability is strong, is easy to grasp.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention uses following technical proposals：
Real-time measurement excavates the test method of slope landslide slope-mass slide displacement stress, concretely comprises the following steps：
A., model test apparatus is installed, the model test apparatus includes Landslide Model system, displacement stress test system
With PIV test systems；Landslide Model system includes landslide sliding surface and landslide sliding surface angle regulator, and landslide sliding surface includes tiltedly sliding
Face and horizontal sliding surface, landslide sliding surface angle regulator are located at below oblique sliding surface；Displacement stress test system includes displacement sensing
Device, pressure sensor and shearing stress sensor and processor, PIV measuring systems include floodlight lamp source, CCD high speed cameras,
CCD high speed cameras are connected with processor；
B. the displacement transducer demarcated, pressure sensor and shearing stress sensor are arranged in landslide sliding surface corresponding positions
Put, displacement transducer is arranged on oblique sliding surface top edge, and pressure sensor, shearing stress sensor are arranged on oblique sliding surface, displacement
Sensor, pressure sensor and shearing stress sensor are connected with processor；
C. the right angle setting branch guard on the sliding surface of landslide, soil sample is placed in the branch guard on the sliding surface of landslide, from cunning
Face bottom starts compaction in layers；
D. top is symmetrical arranged floodlight lamp source before model test apparatus, and CCD high speed cameras are arranged on model test
Before device, PIV test systems, including hardware components and software section are opened, PIV test systems are demarcated；
E. slope excavates the soil body, only excavates the soil body on model test apparatus lower horizontal sliding surface, and digging mode is substep
Excavate, excavate, static a period of time after excavation, then excavated from soil body mid-ambles to both sides from soil body centre, it is quiet after excavation
Only a period of time, until obvious sliding failure occurs for landslide；
F. while sliding surface bottom soil body slope is excavated, displacement stress test system and the work of PIV test systems, real-time amount
The change of landslide land movement, pressure, shear stress and configuration of surface is surveyed, landslide occurs to terminate to try during obvious sliding failure
Test, draw landslide obvious sliding failure occurs during land movement, pressure, the change rule of shear stress and configuration of surface
Rule.
Landslide sliding surface is articulated and connected by first, second, third and fourth sliding surface plate, and first, second, third and fourth sliding surface plate is respectively by two pieces of phases
Sliding surface plate with size be hinged forms.
The sliding surface angle regulator that come down described in step a is jack or hydraulic cylinder or pneumatic cylinder.
The sliding surface angle regulator that come down described in step a has three groups, and first group positioned at the 1/3~2/ of the first cunning panel length
At 3 horizontal centre, second group is located at the second 1/3~2/3 horizontal centre for sliding panel length, and the 3rd group slides positioned at the 3rd
At 1/3~2/3 horizontal centre of panel length, three groups of landslide sliding surface angle regulators are that bottom is fixed, and top passes through
Universal joint is connected with sliding surface plate.
Displacement transducer at least four in step b, horizontal symmetrical are arranged on oblique sliding surface, displacement transducer and landslide
The distance on sliding surface top is the 1/12~1/6 of oblique sliding surface length, and outermost displacement transducer and the distance of landslide sliding surface side are
Sliding surface width/12~1/8.
Displacement transducer has five, and horizontal symmetrical is arranged on oblique sliding surface, and first and the five, the second and the 4th displacement sensing
Device is symmetrical on triple motion sensor, and five displacement transducers and the distance on landslide sliding surface top are the 1/ of oblique sliding surface length
12~1/6, the distance of the first, the 5th displacement transducer and landslide sliding surface side is the 1/12~1/8 of sliding surface width；Secondth,
The distance of four displacement transducers and landslide sliding surface side is the 1/5~1/3 of sliding surface width.
Five displacement transducers and the distance on landslide sliding surface top are the 1/10 of oblique sliding surface length, the first, the 5th displacement
The distance of sensor and landslide sliding surface side is the 1/9 of sliding surface width；Secondth, the 4th displacement transducer and landslide sliding surface side
Distance is the 1/4 of sliding surface width.
Pressure sensor at least six in step b, horizontal symmetrical are evenly distributed on oblique sliding surface, and outermost lateral pressure passes
The distance of sensor and landslide sliding surface side is the 1/7~1/6 of sliding surface width, pressure sensor and the distance point on landslide sliding surface top
Not Wei oblique sliding surface length 1/6~1/4,1/3~2/3,3/4~5/6.
Pressure sensor has nine, and horizontal symmetrical is evenly distributed on oblique sliding surface, first, second and third pressure sensor water
Flat to be symmetrically distributed on the first sliding surface plate, fourth, fifth, six pressure sensor horizontal symmetricals are distributed on the second sliding surface plate,
Seven, the eight, nine pressure sensor horizontal symmetricals are distributed on the 3rd sliding surface plate, first, fourth, seven and the three, the six, nine pressure pass
Sensor is symmetrical respectively about second, five, eight pressure sensors, first, fourth, seven and the three, the six, nine pressure sensors and landslide cunning
The distance on surface side side is the 1/7~1/6 of sliding surface width, and first, second and third pressure sensor and the distance on landslide sliding surface top are equal
For the 1/6~1/4 of oblique sliding surface length, fourth, fifth, six pressure sensors and the distance on landslide sliding surface top are oblique sliding surface length
1/3~2/3, the seven, the eight, nine pressure sensors and the distance on landslide sliding surface top are the 3/4~5/6 of oblique sliding surface length.
First, fourthth, seven and the three, the six, nine pressure sensors and the distance of landslide sliding surface side be the 2/ of sliding surface width
13, first, second and third pressure sensor and the distance on landslide sliding surface top are the 1/5 of oblique sliding surface length, fourth, fifth, six pressure
The distance on sensor and landslide sliding surface top is the 1/2 of oblique sliding surface length, the seven, the eight, nine pressure sensors and landslide sliding surface
The distance on top is the 4/5 of oblique sliding surface length.
Shearing stress sensor at least four, are evenly and symmetrically distributed on oblique sliding surface in step b, shear stress sensing
Device and the distance on landslide sliding surface top are respectively 1/6~1/4, the 5/6~3/4 of oblique sliding surface length.
Four shearing stress sensors and the distance on landslide sliding surface top are respectively 1/5, the 4/5 of oblique sliding surface length.
Distance of the upper branch guard of horizontal direction apart from sliding surface top of coming down is the 1/10-2/5 of oblique sliding surface length, lower branch
The distance of guard distance landslide sliding surface bottom is the 1/3 of horizontal sliding surface length.
Branch guard is first removed in step e, then starts slope and excavates the soil body.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：1. test method disclosed by the invention can be well
Simulation causes the slope digging process that landslide is slided, and can very well the stress that is come down under different sliding surface forms of simulation and
Displacement state.
2. model test apparatus disclosed by the invention is disposed with high-precision pressure, displacement and shear stress on sliding surface and passed
Sensor, pressure, shear stress and the change in displacement situation of the soil body can be accurately measured in real time.
3. model test apparatus disclosed by the invention sets high-precision video camera above model, while with PIV technologies
Can be come down surface overall process slope-mass slide displacement image with real-time measurement.
4. test method disclosed by the invention is easy to operate, the Instrument structure being related to is simple, and adjustability is strong, is easy to grasp.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the model test apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 side view；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of present invention landslide sliding surface；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of displacement stress test system of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of PIV test systems of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is that model test apparatus slope of the present invention excavates flow chart；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 3；
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 7；
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 8；
Figure 10 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 9；
Figure 11 be in embodiment 1 land movement with the change curve of excavation width；
Figure 12 be in embodiment 1 soil pressure with the change curve of excavation width；
Figure 13 be in embodiment 1 soil body shear stress with the change curve of excavation width；
Figure 14 be in embodiment 2 land movement with the change curve of excavation width；
Figure 15 be in embodiment 2 soil pressure with the change curve of excavation width；
Figure 16 be in embodiment 3 land movement with the change curve of excavation width；
Figure 17 be in embodiment 3 soil pressure with the change curve of excavation width；
Figure 18 be in embodiment 3 soil body shear stress with the change curve of excavation width；
Figure 19 be in embodiment 4 land movement with the change curve of excavation width；
Figure 20 be in embodiment 4 soil pressure with the change curve of excavation width；
Figure 21 be in embodiment 4 soil body shear stress with the change curve of excavation width；
Figure 22 be in embodiment 5 land movement with the change curve of excavation width；
Figure 23 be in embodiment 5 soil pressure with the change curve of excavation width；
Figure 24 be in embodiment 5 soil body shear stress with the change curve of excavation width；
Figure 25 be in embodiment 6 land movement with the change curve of excavation width；
Figure 26 be in embodiment 6 soil pressure with the change curve of excavation width；
Figure 27 be in embodiment 6 soil body shear stress with the change curve of excavation width.
Embodiment
Real-time measurement excavates the test method of slope landslide slope-mass slide displacement stress, concretely comprises the following steps：
A., model test apparatus is installed, the model test apparatus includes Landslide Model system, displacement stress test system
With PIV test systems；As shown in Figure 1-2, Landslide Model system includes landslide sliding surface 1 and landslide sliding surface angle regulator 4, sliding
Hill wash face includes oblique sliding surface 2 and horizontal sliding surface 3, and landslide sliding surface 1 is articulated and connected by first, second, third and fourth sliding surface plate, first and second,
3rd, four sliding surface plates are hinged by the sliding surface plate 5 of two pieces of identical sizes form respectively, see Fig. 3, landslide sliding surface angle regulator 4
In the oblique lower section of sliding surface 2；As shown in figure 4, displacement stress test system includes displacement transducer 7, pressure sensor 8 and shear stress
Sensor 9, as shown in figure 5, PIV measuring systems include floodlight lamp source 11, CCD high speed cameras 12, CCD high speed cameras 12 and place
Manage device connection；
B. the displacement transducer demarcated, pressure sensor and shearing stress sensor are arranged in landslide sliding surface corresponding positions
To put, displacement transducer 7 is arranged on the oblique top edge of sliding surface 2, and pressure sensor 8, shearing stress sensor 9 are arranged on oblique sliding surface 2,
Affiliated sensor is each provided on sliding surface, is in contact after laying the soil body with the soil body, and displacement transducer 7, pressure sensor 8 and shearing should
Force snesor 9 is connected with processor (not shown)；C. the right angle setting branch guard on the sliding surface of landslide, soil sample is placed in
In the branch guard to come down on sliding surface, the compaction in layers since sliding surface bottom；
D. top is symmetrical arranged floodlight lamp source 11 before model test apparatus, and CCD high speed cameras 12 are arranged on model
Before experimental rig, CCD high speed cameras 12 are connected with processor；Processor includes data processor and image acquisition and processing device
13, displacement transducer, pressure sensor and shearing stress sensor are connected with the data processor in processor, and CCD is at a high speed
Camera is connected with the image acquisition and processing device 13 in processor, opens PIV test systems, including hardware components and software section,
PIV test systems are demarcated；
E. as shown in fig. 6, slope excavates the soil body, the soil body on model test apparatus lower horizontal sliding surface is only excavated, is excavated
Mode is step excavation, excavates, static a period of time after excavation, is then opened from soil body mid-ambles to both sides from soil body centre
Dig, static a period of time after excavation, until obvious sliding failure occurs for landslide, static a period of time can be 10- after excavation
30min, preferred values 10min, 15min, 20min, 25min, 30min；
F. while sliding surface bottom soil body slope is excavated, displacement stress test system and the work of PIV test systems, real-time amount
The change of landslide land movement, pressure, shear stress and configuration of surface is surveyed, landslide occurs to terminate to try during obvious sliding failure
Test, draw landslide obvious sliding failure occurs during land movement, pressure, the change rule of shear stress and configuration of surface
Rule.
Landslide sliding surface is articulated and connected by first, second, third and fourth sliding surface plate, and first, second, third and fourth sliding surface plate is respectively by two pieces of phases
Sliding surface plate with size be hinged forms.
The sliding surface angle regulator that come down described in step a has three groups, is jack or hydraulic cylinder or pneumatic cylinder, three groups of landslides
Sliding surface angle regulator be bottom fix on the ground or work top on, top passes through universal joint and the phase of sliding surface plate 5
Even, first group is located at the first 1/3~2/3 horizontal centre for sliding panel length, and second group slides panel length positioned at second
At 1/3~2/3 horizontal centre, the 3rd group at the 3rd 1/3~2/3 horizontal centre for sliding panel length.
Displacement transducer at least four in step b, horizontal symmetrical are arranged on oblique sliding surface, displacement transducer and landslide
The distance on sliding surface top is the 1/12~1/6 of oblique sliding surface length, and outermost displacement transducer and the distance of landslide sliding surface side are
Sliding surface width/12~1/8.
Displacement transducer has five, and horizontal symmetrical is arranged on oblique sliding surface, and first and the five, the second and the 4th displacement sensing
Device is symmetrical on triple motion sensor, and five displacement transducers and the distance on landslide sliding surface top are the 1/ of oblique sliding surface length
12~1/6, the distance of the first, the 5th displacement transducer and landslide sliding surface side is the 1/12~1/8 of sliding surface width；Secondth,
The distance of four displacement transducers and landslide sliding surface side is the 1/5~1/3 of sliding surface width.
Five displacement transducers and the distance on landslide sliding surface top are the 1/10 of oblique sliding surface length, the first, the 5th displacement
The distance of sensor and landslide sliding surface side is the 1/9 of sliding surface width；Secondth, the 4th displacement transducer and landslide sliding surface side
Distance is the 1/4 of sliding surface width.
Pressure sensor at least six in step b, horizontal symmetrical are evenly distributed on oblique sliding surface, and outermost lateral pressure passes
The distance of sensor and landslide sliding surface side is the 1/7~1/6 of sliding surface width, pressure sensor and the distance point on landslide sliding surface top
Not Wei oblique sliding surface length 1/6~1/4,1/3~2/3,3/4~5/6.
Pressure sensor has nine, and horizontal symmetrical is evenly distributed on oblique sliding surface, first, second and third pressure sensor water
Flat to be symmetrically distributed on the first sliding surface plate, fourth, fifth, six pressure sensor horizontal symmetricals are distributed on the second sliding surface plate,
Seven, the eight, nine pressure sensor horizontal symmetricals are distributed on the 3rd sliding surface plate, first, fourth, seven and the three, the six, nine pressure pass
Sensor is symmetrical respectively about second, five, eight pressure sensors, first, fourth, seven and the three, the six, nine pressure sensors and landslide cunning
The distance on surface side side is the 1/7~1/6 of sliding surface width, and first, second and third pressure sensor and the distance on landslide sliding surface top are equal
For the 1/6~1/4 of oblique sliding surface length, fourth, fifth, six pressure sensors and the distance on landslide sliding surface top are oblique sliding surface length
1/3~2/3, the seven, the eight, nine pressure sensors and the distance on landslide sliding surface top are the 3/4~5/6 of oblique sliding surface length.
First, fourthth, seven and the three, the six, nine pressure sensors and the distance of landslide sliding surface side be the 2/ of sliding surface width
13, first, second and third pressure sensor and the distance on landslide sliding surface top are the 1/5 of oblique sliding surface length, fourth, fifth, six pressure
The distance on sensor and landslide sliding surface top is the 1/2 of oblique sliding surface length, the seven, the eight, nine pressure sensors and landslide sliding surface
The distance on top is the 4/5 of oblique sliding surface length.
Shearing stress sensor at least four, are evenly and symmetrically distributed on oblique sliding surface in step b, shear stress sensing
Device and the distance on landslide sliding surface top are respectively 1/6~1/4, the 5/6~3/4 of oblique sliding surface length.
Four shearing stress sensors and the distance on landslide sliding surface top are respectively 1/5, the 4/5 of oblique sliding surface length.
Sliding surface edge come down provided with the branch guard 6 perpendicular to landslide sliding surface, the upper branch guard of horizontal direction is apart from sliding
The distance on hill wash face top is the 1/10-2/5 of oblique sliding surface length, and the distance of lower branch guard distance landslide sliding surface bottom is level
The 1/3 of sliding surface length.
Branch guard is first removed in step e, then starts slope and excavates the soil body.
Embodiment 1
The test method of slope landslide slope-mass slide displacement stress, specific steps are excavated using model test apparatus real-time measurement
For：
A. model test apparatus is installed, adjusting very heavy heights of roofs makes sliding surface be in integrally 30 ° of angles, and sliding surface is slided for linear pattern
Face, in landslide sliding surface edge-perpendicular installation branch guard；
B. the displacement transducer demarcated, pressure sensor and shearing stress sensor are arranged in landslide sliding surface corresponding positions
Put；
C. the good soil sample of pre-production is placed in the branch guard on the sliding surface of landslide, is layered and rams since sliding surface bottom
Real, the soil layer after compacting is highly 60mm, and the soil body coverage on oblique sliding surface is 900mm；
D. top is symmetrical arranged alternating current-direct current LED floodlight before model test apparatus, opens PIV test systems, including
Hardware components and software section, PIV test systems are demarcated；
E. slope excavates the soil body, only excavates the soil body on model test apparatus lower horizontal sliding surface, is 1300mm by length,
The soil body that width is 400mm is divided into the strip soil body that 26 are 50*400mm, from left to right successively marked as 1-26, the first step
The soil body 13,14 is excavated, static 10-30min after excavation, second step excavates the soil body 12,15, and static 10-30min ..., the n-th step is opened
Excavator body (14-n), (13+n), wherein n are positive integer, and n≤13, static 10-30min, until landslide occur it is obvious slide it is broken
It is bad；
F. while sliding surface bottom soil body slope is excavated, displacement stress test system and the work of PIV test systems, real-time amount
The change of landslide land movement, pressure, shear stress and configuration of surface is surveyed, landslide occurs to terminate to try during obvious sliding failure
Test, draw landslide obvious sliding failure occurs during land movement, pressure, the change rule of shear stress and configuration of surface
Rule.
Model test apparatus includes Landslide Model system, displacement stress test system and PIV test systems；Landslide Model system
System includes come down sliding surface and three groups of jack, and landslide sliding surface includes oblique sliding surface and horizontal sliding surface, and oblique sliding surface is by being by width
1300mm, thickness 20mm, length are that 400mm, 300mm, 300mm first, second and third sliding surface plate are articulated and connected respectively, and level is sliding
By same widths thickness, the one or the four sliding surface plate that length is 600mm forms, and is hinged with the 3rd sliding surface plate of oblique sliding surface in face, and the
First, two, three, four sliding surface plates are hinged by the small sliding surface plate of two pieces of identical sizes and formed respectively again, and sliding surface plate can be lucite
Or glass epoxy etc. has the smooth plates of some strength；Jack is located at below oblique sliding surface, and bottom fixes on the ground or worked
On table top, top is connected by universal joint with sliding surface plate, and jack top can do motion vertically and horizontally, the
One group of jack is apart from sliding surface top 200mm, and at the side 650mm of sliding surface two, it is highly 400mm to adjust, second group thousand
Jin is withstood on apart from the 550mm of sliding surface top at, and regulation is highly 225mm, the 3rd group of jack at the 800mm of sliding surface top,
Regulation height is 100mm, and second group, the 3rd group of jack and first group of jack are on same center line.Above-mentioned jack is also
It could alternatively be hydraulic cylinder or pneumatic cylinder.
The horizontal branch guard perpendicular to sliding surface is provided with away from sliding surface top 200mm and sliding surface bottom 200mm, along sliding surface
Both sides of the edge are provided with the vertical branch guard perpendicular to sliding surface, barrier width 10mm, are highly 60mm, the baffle plate length of two sides
Degree is respectively 300mm, 300mm, 300mm, 400mm, and horizontal supporting baffle length is 1280mm, and branch guard can be organic glass
Glass or glass epoxy etc. have a smooth plates of some strength, and branch guard is detachable.
Displacement stress test system includes displacement transducer, pressure sensor and shearing stress sensor, pressure sensor
It is connected with shearing stress sensor with data processor；The top edge for being arranged on oblique sliding surface of displacement transducer horizontal symmetrical,
First displacement transducer (h1) is arranged symmetrically with the 5th displacement transducer (h5), and sliding surface top distance 100mm, with sliding surface both sides
Back gauge is 150mm, and second displacement sensor (h2) is arranged symmetrically with the 4th displacement transducer (h4), with sliding surface top distance
100mm, it is 400mm with sliding surface both sides back gauge, triple motion sensor (h3) is positioned at second and the 4th displacement transducer
On the central point of (h2, h4)；
Pressure sensor horizontal symmetrical is uniformly arranged on oblique sliding surface, first, second and third pressure sensor (P1, P2, P3)
Horizontal symmetrical is distributed on the first sliding surface plate, and fourth, fifth, six pressure sensor (P4, P5, P6) horizontal symmetricals are distributed in
On two sliding surface plates, the seven, the eight, nine pressure sensors (P7, P8, P9) horizontal symmetrical be distributed on the 3rd sliding surface plate, first,
4th, seven (P1, P4, P7) and the three, the six, nine pressure sensors (P3, P6, P9) are respectively about second, five, eight pressure sensors
(P2, P5, P8) symmetrically, first, fourth, seven (P1, P4, P7) and the three, the six, nine (P3, P6, P9) pressure sensors and landslide sliding surface
The distance of two sides is 200mm, and the distance with sliding surface top is respectively 200mm, 500mm, 800mm；
Shearing stress sensor being arranged on oblique sliding surface symmetrically, and on the inside of branch guard, first and second
Shearing stress sensor (S1, S2) horizontal symmetrical, the distance with landslide sliding surface top are 200mm, the third and fourth shear stress
Sensor (S3, S4) horizontal symmetrical, the distance with landslide sliding surface top is 800mm；Displacement transducer uses model MLT-
38000201, range 26mm sensor；Pressure sensor uses model P306S-01, diameter 6mm, height 2.5mm, range essence
Spend for 0.1kg/cm2；Shearing stress sensor uses model S10-005, size 10mm*10mm, thickness 10mm, and range accuracy is
0.05kg/cm2。
PIV measuring systems include floodlight lamp source, CCD high speed cameras, before CCD high speed cameras are arranged on model test apparatus
Face, floodlight lamp source are arranged on the image processor company of the top before model test apparatus, CCD high speed cameras and processor
Connect.
Floodlight lamp source is rated power 30W alternating current-direct current LED floodlight；CCD high speed cameras are that German LaVision is opened
Hair, it uses SONY scientific research level chips, and resolution ratio is 1626pixel × 1236pixel, and Pixel Dimensions are 4.4 μm of 4.4 μ m,
Time for exposure is 100 μ s × 80ms, and acquisition rate provides Camlink special purpose interfaces up to 200fps；Software systems are adopted
Landslide, which is completed, with the German groupwares of LaVision companies DaVis 8.0 and PIVview2C softwares slides overall process land movement
The collection analysis of image and displaying work.
This experiment uses silty clay soil, the method that the soil body on the sliding surface of landslide uses wooden mallet compaction in layers, and every layer of compacting is thick
Spend for 2cm, be divided into 3 layers.Plank is placed in soil body upper surface, and wooden mallet uniformly taps plank, wooden mallet starting altitude and ramming times
Strictly control, influence of the different ramming times to soil body density such as table 1 below, soil layer ramming times are used as 20 in the present embodiment
Secondary, soil body density is 1.74g/cm3The soil body.
Table 1
The change of land movement, pressure, shear stress and configuration of surface during the obvious sliding failure of landslide generation
Rule, it is shown in Table 2-4 and Figure 11-13.
The land movement of table 2 with excavation width change
| Displacement transducer is numbered | h1 | h2 | h3 | h4 | h5 |
| Displacement transducer numerical value (mm) | |||||
| Excavation width (m) | |||||
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 |
| 0.1 | 0 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
| 0.2 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.01 |
| 0.3 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.13 | 0.04 | 0.01 |
| 0.4 | 0.02 | 0.08 | 0.17 | 0.07 | 0.01 |
| 0.5 | 0.04 | 0.11 | 0.25 | 0.13 | 0.02 |
| 0.6 | 0.05 | 0.14 | 0.32 | 0.16 | 0.03 |
| 0.7 | 0.07 | 0.18 | 0.37 | 0.18 | 0.04 |
| 0.8 | 0.09 | 0.23 | 0.45 | 0.22 | 0.06 |
The soil pressure of table 3 with excavation width change
| Pressure sensor is numbered | P1 | P2 | P3 | P4 | P5 | P6 | P7 | P8 | P9 |
| Pressure sensor numerical value（N） | |||||||||
| Excavation width (m) | |||||||||
| 0 | 336 | 411 | 356 | 756 | 754 | 776 | 1096 | 986 | 1111 |
| 0.1 | 345 | 408 | 368 | 768 | 752 | 784 | 1088 | 982 | 1169 |
| 0.2 | 341 | 399 | 365 | 771 | 748 | 781 | 1121 | 973 | 1204 |
| 0.3 | 359 | 393 | 373 | 776 | 701 | 773 | 1045 | 881 | 1304 |
| 0.4 | 353 | 384 | 381 | 781 | 646 | 800 | 1201 | 783 | 1198 |
| 0.5 | 368 | 378 | 391 | 769 | 583 | 801 | 1036 | 650 | 1265 |
| 0.6 | 369 | 375 | 402 | 776 | 501 | 799 | 1128 | 569 | 1241 |
| 0.7 | 371 | 389 | 388 | 789 | 429 | 786 | 1096 | 444 | 1209 |
| 0.8 | 337 | 383 | 397 | 795 | 343 | 812 | 1137 | 384 | 1249 |
The soil body shear stress of table 4 with excavation width change
| Shear stress sensor is numbered | S1 | S2 | S3 | S4 |
| Shear stress sensor numerical value (Pa) | ||||
| Excavation width (m) | ||||
| 0 | 139 | 156 | 288 | 301 |
| 0.1 | 153 | 186 | 286 | 321 |
| 0.2 | 175 | 167 | 274 | 286 |
| 0.3 | 173 | 153 | 246 | 279 |
| 0.4 | 162 | 177 | 253 | 309 |
| 0.5 | 180 | 182 | 297 | 316 |
| 0.6 | 199 | 159 | 261 | 333 |
| 0.7 | 201 | 199 | 241 | 299 |
| 0.8 | 191 | 176 | 266 | 278 |
Embodiment 2
6 pressure sensors are arranged in embodiment 2, to embodiment 1 compared to the one or two, three pressure sensors are removed, are come down
The upper branch guard of horizontal direction moves down on sliding surface, it is ensured that the soil body coverage on oblique sliding surface is 600mm, remaining experiment
Condition is same as Example 1, draw landslide obvious sliding failure occurs during land movement, pressure, shear stress and
The changing rule of configuration of surface, displacement transducer are arranged on outside soil body coverage, therefore displacement transducer does not measure displacement change
Change, soil pressure, shear stress are shown in Table 5-6 and Figure 14-15 with the change of excavation width, and shearing stress sensor S1, S2 are located at
Outside soil body coverage, therefore the non-data measured of shearing stress sensor S1, S2, do not shown in table 6 and Figure 15.
The soil pressure of table 5 with excavation width change
| Pressure sensor is numbered | P4 | P5 | P6 | P7 | P8 | P9 |
| Pressure sensor numerical value (N) | ||||||
| Excavation width (m) | ||||||
| 0 | 413 | 601 | 385 | 901 | 736 | 888 |
| 0.1 | 397 | 598 | 398 | 926 | 746 | 899 |
| 0.2 | 389 | 575 | 369 | 913 | 721 | 921 |
| 0.3 | 357 | 516 | 364 | 879 | 648 | 936 |
| 0.4 | 421 | 453 | 356 | 886 | 579 | 901 |
| 0.5 | 377 | 384 | 349 | 849 | 512 | 869 |
| 0.6 | 396 | 312 | 337 | 874 | 423 | 872 |
| 0.7 | 401 | 270 | 340 | 912 | 344 | 934 |
| 0.8 | 367 | 215 | 346 | 853 | 196 | 903 |
The soil body shear stress of table 6 with excavation width change
| Shear stress sensor is numbered | S3 | S4 |
| Shear stress sensor numerical value (Pa) | ||
| Excavation width (m) | ||
| 0 | 398 | 369 |
| 0.1 | 401 | 378 |
| 0.2 | 436 | 369 |
| 0.3 | 368 | 371 |
| 0.4 | 412 | 386 |
| 0.5 | 426 | 383 |
| 0.3 | 399 | 390 |
| 0.7 | 346 | 420 |
| 0.8 | 376 | 401 |
Embodiment 3
Sliding surface is set to be in integrally 50 ° as shown in fig. 7, adjusting very heavy heights of roofs, remaining experimental condition is same as Example 1, obtains
The changing rule of the land movement, pressure, shear stress and the configuration of surface that go out during obvious sliding failure occurs for landslide, is shown in
Table 7-9 and Figure 16-18.
The land movement of table 7 with excavation width change
| Displacement transducer is numbered | h1 | h2 | h3 | h4 | h5 |
| Displacement transducer numerical value (mm) | |||||
| Excavation width (m) | |||||
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0.1 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.01 |
| 0.2 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.13 | 0.09 | 0.03 |
| 0.3 | 0.05 | 0.12 | 0.21 | 0.13 | 0.04 |
| 0.4 | 0.06 | 0.16 | 0.26 | 0.15 | 0.06 |
| 0.5 | 0.08 | 0.23 | 0.36 | 0.22 | 0.07 |
| 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.26 | 0.41 | 0.25 | 0.09 |
| 0.7 | 0.13 | 0.32 | 0.55 | 0.29 | 0.11 |
The soil pressure of table 8 with excavation width change
| Pressure sensor is numbered | P1 | P2 | P3 | P4 | P5 | P6 | P7 | P8 | P9 |
| Pressure sensor numerical value (N) | |||||||||
| Excavation width (m) | |||||||||
| 0 | 261 | 301 | 283 | 587 | 553 | 556 | 808 | 726 | 813 |
| 0.1 | 274 | 296 | 289 | 578 | 551 | 549 | 786 | 719 | 798 |
| 0.2 | 264 | 289 | 306 | 579 | 530 | 568 | 792 | 703 | 789 |
| 0.3 | 259 | 293 | 304 | 567 | 481 | 532 | 812 | 680 | 778 |
| 0.4 | 249 | 298 | 297 | 593 | 423 | 545 | 801 | 645 | 783 |
| 0.5 | 267 | 288 | 289 | 582 | 377 | 463 | 796 | 581 | 801 |
| 0.6 | 259 | 279 | 279 | 568 | 334 | 549 | 809 | 516 | 821 |
| 0.7 | 256 | 284 | 296 | 563 | 296 | 575 | 786 | 453 | 784 |
The soil body shear stress of table 9 with excavation width change
| Shear stress sensor is numbered | S1 | S2 | S3 | S4 |
| Shear stress sensor numerical value (Pa) | ||||
| Excavation width (m) | ||||
| 0 | 234 | 265 | 405 | 413 |
| 0.1 | 246 | 256 | 399 | 409 |
| 0.2 | 265 | 264 | 423 | 398 |
| 0.3 | 297 | 277 | 375 | 388 |
| 0.4 | 224 | 298 | 408 | 397 |
| 0.5 | 249 | 301 | 416 | 384 |
| 0.6 | 278 | 274 | 396 | 376 |
| 0.7 | 255 | 269 | 376 | 405 |
Embodiment 4
Adjusting very heavy heights of roofs makes sliding surface be in integrally 50 °, and slope excavates the soil body thousand and removes branch guard, remaining experimental condition
It is same as Example 1, show that land movement, pressure, shear stress and the surface during obvious sliding failure occur for landslide
The changing rule of form is shown in Table 10-12 and Figure 19-21.
The land movement of table 10 with excavation width change
| Displacement transducer is numbered | h1 | h2 | h3 | h4 | h5 |
| Displacement transducer numerical value (mm) | |||||
| Excavation width (m) | |||||
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0.1 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
| 0.2 | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.11 | 0.04 | 0.03 |
| 0.3 | 0.08 | 0.11 | 0.14 | 0.07 | 0.05 |
| 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.14 | 0.21 | 0.1 | 0.08 |
| 0.5 | 0.12 | 0.18 | 0.28 | 0.15 | 0.12 |
| 0.6 | 0.14 | 0.23 | 0.37 | 0.22 | 0.14 |
| 0.7 | 0.17 | 0.33 | 0.55 | 0.31 | 0.18 |
The soil pressure of table 11 with excavation width change
| Pressure sensor is numbered | P1 | P2 | P3 | P4 | P5 | P6 | P7 | P8 | P9 |
| Pressure sensor numerical value (N) | |||||||||
| Excavation width (m) | |||||||||
| 0 | 245 | 286 | 276 | 469 | 589 | 498 | 759 | 699 | 777 |
| 0.1 | 263 | 276 | 273 | 461 | 569 | 486 | 752 | 712 | 795 |
| 0.2 | 259 | 263 | 301 | 468 | 593 | 502 | 754 | 701 | 801 |
| 0.3 | 236 | 289 | 325 | 475 | 554 | 483 | 776 | 653 | 803 |
| 0.4 | 265 | 240 | 316 | 484 | 493 | 496 | 779 | 569 | 809 |
| 0.5 | 274 | 223 | 319 | 489 | 432 | 492 | 782 | 501 | 788 |
| 0.6 | 246 | 269 | 308 | 493 | 399 | 481 | 768 | 435 | 773 |
| 0.7 | 223 | 216 | 304 | 497 | 321 | 487 | 772 | 346 | 784 |
The soil body shear stress of table 12 with excavation width change
| Shear stress sensor is numbered | S1 | S2 | S3 | S4 |
| Shear stress sensor numerical value (Pa) | ||||
| Excavation width (m) | ||||
| 0 | 199 | 263 | 375 | 361 |
| 0.1 | 201 | 261 | 381 | 356 |
| 0.2 | 206 | 259 | 377 | 354 |
| 0.3 | 212 | 253 | 369 | 359 |
| 0.4 | 213 | 258 | 363 | 362 |
| 0.5 | 218 | 256 | 368 | 364 |
| 0.6 | 222 | 261 | 366 | 371 |
| 0.7 | 226 | 249 | 369 | 367 |
Embodiment 5
The inclination angle that jack elongation changes sliding surface is adjusted, makes three sections of sliding surfaces from top downwards successively in 30 °, 30 °, 50 °,
Remaining experimental condition is same as Example 1, draw landslide obvious sliding failure occurs during land movement, pressure, shearing
The changing rule of stress and configuration of surface, soil pressure, shear stress changing rule are shown in Table 13-15 and Figure 22-24.
The land movement of table 13 with excavation width change
| Displacement transducer is numbered | h1 | h2 | h3 | h4 | h5 |
| Displacement transducer numerical value (mm) | |||||
| Excavation width (m) | |||||
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0.1 | 0 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.02 |
| 0.2 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.04 | 0.02 |
| 0.3 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 0.13 | 0.05 | 0.03 |
| 0.4 | 0.02 | 0.11 | 0.17 | 0.07 | 0.03 |
| 0.5 | 0.04 | 0.15 | 0.25 | 0.11 | 0.03 |
| 0.6 | 0.06 | 0.18 | 0.32 | 0.15 | 0.04 |
| 0.7 | 0.08 | 0.21 | 0.4 | 0.17 | 0.05 |
| 0.8 | 0.11 | 0.26 | 0.53 | 0.23 | 0.08 |
The soil pressure of table 14 with excavation width change
| Pressure sensor is numbered | P1 | P2 | P3 | P4 | P5 | P6 | P7 | P8 | P9 |
| Pressure sensor numerical value (N) | |||||||||
| Excavation width (m) | |||||||||
| 0 | 286 | 330 | 277 | 588 | 607 | 605 | 864 | 812 | 880 |
| 0.1 | 297 | 324 | 269 | 612 | 601 | 615 | 869 | 803 | 889 |
| 0.2 | 269 | 336 | 289 | 576 | 597 | 639 | 886 | 792 | 875 |
| 0.3 | 299 | 319 | 286 | 604 | 559 | 651 | 863 | 730 | 869 |
| 0.4 | 312 | 308 | 321 | 598 | 513 | 598 | 877 | 672 | 899 |
| 0.5 | 288 | 299 | 309 | 608 | 449 | 631 | 926 | 591 | 924 |
| 0.6 | 304 | 287 | 296 | 593 | 410 | 654 | 915 | 509 | 930 |
| 0.7 | 319 | 291 | 306 | 587 | 362 | 613 | 888 | 413 | 901 |
| 0.8 | 309 | 304 | 293 | 603 | 275 | 641 | 904 | 308 | 912 |
The soil body shear stress of table 15 with excavation width change
| Shear stress sensor is numbered | S1 | S2 | S3 | S4 |
| Shear stress sensor numerical value (Pa) | ||||
| Excavation width (m) | ||||
| 0 | 253 | 226 | 369 | 342 |
| 0.1 | 259 | 234 | 374 | 361 |
| 0.2 | 237 | 229 | 386 | 379 |
| 0.3 | 221 | 241 | 416 | 349 |
| 0.4 | 236 | 247 | 401 | 375 |
| 0.5 | 189 | 238 | 382 | 363 |
| 0.6 | 219 | 256 | 373 | 336 |
| 0.7 | 243 | 238 | 384 | 368 |
| 0.8 | 197 | 269 | 363 | 377 |
Embodiment 6
Soil layer ramming times are used as 30 times, soil body density is 1.83g/cm3The soil body, remaining experimental condition and embodiment
1 is identical, draw landslide obvious sliding failure occurs during land movement, the change of pressure, shear stress and configuration of surface
Law is shown in Table 16-18 and Figure 25-27.
The land movement of table 16 with excavation width change
| Displacement transducer is numbered | h1 | h2 | h3 | h4 | h5 |
| Displacement transducer numerical value (mm) | |||||
| Excavation width (m) | |||||
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0.1 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0 |
| 0.2 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.01 |
| 0.3 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.11 | 0.05 | 0.03 |
| 0.4 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.13 | 0.07 | 0.03 |
| 0.5 | 0.05 | 0.09 | 0.2 | 0.08 | 0.03 |
| 0.6 | 0.06 | 0.13 | 0.26 | 0.13 | 0.04 |
| 0.7 | 0.08 | 0.17 | 0.35 | 0.16 | 0.05 |
| 0.8 | 0.11 | 0.22 | 0.47 | 0.24 | 0.08 |
The soil pressure of table 17 with excavation width change
| Pressure sensor is numbered | P1 | P2 | P3 | P4 | P5 | P6 | P7 | P8 | P9 |
| Pressure sensor data (N) | |||||||||
| Excavation width (m) | |||||||||
| 0 | 360 | 500 | 463 | 798 | 851 | 823 | 1134 | 1024 | 1157 |
| 0.1 | 368 | 501 | 456 | 801 | 846 | 846 | 1156 | 1011 | 1163 |
| 0.2 | 363 | 496 | 473 | 813 | 853 | 813 | 1162 | 989 | 1177 |
| 0.3 | 379 | 469 | 481 | 796 | 790 | 799 | 1133 | 912 | 1183 |
| 0.4 | 387 | 467 | 463 | 791 | 716 | 806 | 1106 | 826 | 1201 |
| 0.5 | 397 | 443 | 459 | 788 | 642 | 817 | 1125 | 721 | 1219 |
| 0.6 | 413 | 438 | 451 | 784 | 569 | 812 | 1129 | 634 | 1222 |
| 0.7 | 407 | 429 | 448 | 779 | 473 | 825 | 1141 | 540 | 1199 |
| 0.8 | 401 | 412 | 444 | 777 | 406 | 836 | 1146 | 439 | 1207 |
The soil body shear stress of table 18 with excavation width change
| Shear stress sensor is numbered | S1 | S2 | S3 | S4 |
| Shear stress sensor numerical value (Pa) | ||||
| Excavation width (m) | ||||
| 0 | 173 | 169 | 302 | 333 |
| 0.1 | 168 | 165 | 299 | 324 |
| 0.2 | 175 | 175 | 306 | 316 |
| 0.3 | 183 | 171 | 296 | 309 |
| 0.4 | 191 | 184 | 288 | 336 |
| 0.5 | 177 | 189 | 264 | 348 |
| 0.6 | 186 | 201 | 289 | 351 |
| 0.7 | 214 | 207 | 322 | 332 |
| 0.8 | 201 | 199 | 312 | 339 |
Conclusion：1. can significantly be found from the pressure value situation of change of all test groups, pressure sensor P5 and
P8 pressure during excavation has obvious reduction phenomenon.
2. test group 1 and test group 3 contrast it can be found that excavation width is in 0.7m~0.8m, sediment failure, with cunning
The increase of angle of slope, maximum excavation width have the trend to diminish.
3. test group 1 finds that, when soil body coverage is changed into 0.6m from 0.8m, pressure value has small with the contrast of test group 2
The reduction of width.
After 4. test group 3 is contrasted it can be found that removing branch guard with test group 4, pressure sensor removes P2, P5 and P8
Outside, there is pressure by a small margin to reduce phenomenon.
5. on a guard value of shearing with the change at model inclination angle it is big, value of shearing slightly increases；Value of shearing with
The increase of excavation width, change has fuctuation within a narrow range, but mean variation is smaller.
6. when Landslide Model angle is 30 °, there is maximum, maximum 0.45mm in top of the slope center displacement sensor 3；
When Landslide Model angle is 50 °, there is maximum, maximum 0.55mm in top of the slope center displacement sensor 3；In Landslide Model
When angle is 30 ° turns 50 °, there is maximum, maximum 0.53mm in top of the slope center displacement sensor 3.Maximum displacement value goes out
When present soil excavation width reaches maximum.
Embodiment 7
As shown in figure 8, changing the inclination angle of sliding surface by adjusting hydraulic jack elongation, make three sections of sliding surfaces downward from top
It is in successively 50 °, 40 °, 30 ° of angles, sliding surface is matrix sliding surface, can be used to slope-mass slide displacement when Study of Landslides sliding surface is matrix, surface shape
State and pressure changing.
Embodiment 8
As shown in figure 9, changing the inclination angle of sliding surface by adjusting hydraulic jack elongation, make three sections of sliding surfaces downward from top
It is in successively 60 °, 40 °, 30 ° of angles, sliding surface is matrix sliding surface, be can be used to study when angle becomes big when being equally matrix sliding surface, to slope
The influence of displacement body, configuration of surface and pressure change.
Embodiment 9
As shown in Figure 10, by adjust hydraulic jack elongation change sliding surface inclination angle, make three sections of sliding surfaces from top to
Under be in successively 50 °, 0 °, 50 ° of angles, sliding surface is stairstepping type sliding surface, be can be used to study sliding surface when being stairstepping, slope-mass slide displacement, table
Face form and pressure changing.
Above in conjunction with drawings and examples, the present invention is described, but is not limited to above-described embodiment, all according to this
Change that inventive technique scheme, technical principle and inventive concept are made, modification, replacement, combination, simplification, should be equivalence replacement, all
Belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. real-time measurement excavates the test method of slope landslide slope-mass slide displacement stress, it is characterised in that concretely comprises the following steps：
A., model test apparatus is installed, the model test apparatus includes Landslide Model system, displacement stress test system and PIV
Test system；Landslide Model system include landslide sliding surface and landslide sliding surface angle regulator, landslide sliding surface include oblique sliding surface and
Horizontal sliding surface, landslide sliding surface angle regulator are located at below oblique sliding surface；Displacement stress test system includes displacement transducer, pressure
Force snesor and shearing stress sensor and processor, PIV measuring systems include floodlight lamp source, CCD high speed cameras, and CCD is high
Fast camera is connected with processor；
B. the displacement transducer demarcated, pressure sensor and shearing stress sensor are arranged in landslide sliding surface relevant position,
Displacement transducer is arranged on oblique sliding surface top edge, and pressure sensor, shearing stress sensor are arranged on oblique sliding surface, shear stress
Sensor at least four, is evenly and symmetrically distributed on oblique sliding surface, shearing stress sensor and the distance on landslide sliding surface top
1/6 ~ 1/4, the 5/6 ~ 3/4 of respectively oblique sliding surface length；Displacement transducer, pressure sensor and shearing stress sensor with place
Manage device connection；
C. the right angle setting branch guard on the sliding surface of landslide, soil sample is placed in the branch guard on the sliding surface of landslide, from sliding surface bottom
End starts compaction in layers；
D. top is symmetrical arranged floodlight lamp source before model test apparatus, and CCD high speed cameras are arranged on model test apparatus
Above, PIV test systems, including hardware components and software section are opened, PIV test systems are demarcated；
E. branch guard is first removed, then starts slope and excavates the soil body, only excavate on model test apparatus lower horizontal sliding surface
The soil body, digging mode are step excavation, are excavated from soil body centre, static a period of time after excavation, then from soil body mid-ambles
Excavated to both sides, static a period of time after excavation, until obvious sliding failure occurs for landslide；
F. while sliding surface bottom soil body slope is excavated, displacement stress test system and the work of PIV test systems, real-time measurement
The change for land movement, pressure, shear stress and the configuration of surface of coming down, landslide occur to terminate to test during obvious sliding failure,
Draw landslide obvious sliding failure occurs during land movement, pressure, the changing rule of shear stress and configuration of surface.
2. real-time measurement excavates the test method of slope landslide slope-mass slide displacement stress according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Landslide sliding surface is articulated and connected by first, second, third and fourth sliding surface plate, and first, second, third and fourth sliding surface plate is respectively by two pieces of identical sizes
Sliding surface plate is be hinged to be formed.
3. real-time measurement excavates the test method of slope landslide slope-mass slide displacement stress according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The sliding surface angle regulator that come down described in step a is jack or hydraulic cylinder or pneumatic cylinder.
4. real-time measurement excavates the test method of slope landslide slope-mass slide displacement stress according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The sliding surface angle regulator that come down described in step a has three groups, and first group in the first 1/3 ~ 2/3 level for sliding panel length
At the heart, second group is located at the second 1/3 ~ 2/3 horizontal centre for sliding panel length, and the 3rd group slides panel length positioned at the 3rd
At 1/3 ~ 2/3 horizontal centre, three groups of landslide sliding surface angle regulators are that bottom is fixed, and top passes through universal joint and cunning
Panel is connected.
5. real-time measurement excavates the test method of slope landslide slope-mass slide displacement stress according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Displacement transducer at least four in step b, horizontal symmetrical are arranged on oblique sliding surface, displacement transducer and landslide sliding surface top
Distance be the 1/12 ~ 1/6 of oblique sliding surface length, outermost displacement transducer and the distance of landslide sliding surface side are sliding surface width
/ 12 ~ 1/8.
6. real-time measurement excavates the test method of slope landslide slope-mass slide displacement stress according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：
Displacement transducer has five, and horizontal symmetrical is arranged on oblique sliding surface, first and the five, the second and the 4th displacement transducer on
Triple motion sensor is symmetrical, and five displacement transducers and the distance on landslide sliding surface top are the 1/12 ~ 1/6 of oblique sliding surface length,
Firstth, the distance of the 5th displacement transducer and landslide sliding surface side is the 1/12 ~ 1/8 of sliding surface width；Secondth, the 4th displacement sensing
The distance of device and landslide sliding surface side is the 1/5 ~ 1/3 of sliding surface width.
7. real-time measurement excavates the test method of slope landslide slope-mass slide displacement stress according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Pressure sensor at least six in step b, horizontal symmetrical are evenly distributed on oblique sliding surface, outermost side pressure sensor and cunning
The distance on hill wash surface side side is the 1/7 ~ 1/6 of sliding surface width, and pressure sensor and the distance on landslide sliding surface top are respectively tiltedly sliding
The 1/6 ~ 1/4 of face length, 1/3 ~ 2/3,3/4 ~ 5/6.
8. real-time measurement excavates the test method of slope landslide slope-mass slide displacement stress according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：
Pressure sensor has nine, and horizontal symmetrical is evenly distributed on oblique sliding surface, first, second and third pressure sensor horizontal symmetrical
It is distributed on the first sliding surface plate, fourth, fifth, six pressure sensor horizontal symmetricals are distributed on the second sliding surface plate, the seven, the eight,
Nine pressure sensor horizontal symmetricals are distributed on the 3rd sliding surface plate, first, fourth, seven and the three, the six, nine pressure sensors difference
It is symmetrical on second, five, eight pressure sensors, first, fourth, seven and the three, the six, nine pressure sensors and landslide sliding surface side
Distance is the 1/7 ~ 1/6 of sliding surface width, and first, second and third pressure sensor and the distance on landslide sliding surface top are oblique sliding surface
The 1/6 ~ 1/4 of length, fourth, fifth, six pressure sensors and the distance on landslide sliding surface top are the 1/3 ~ 2/ of oblique sliding surface length
3, the seven, the eight, nine pressure sensors and the distance on landslide sliding surface top are the 3/4 ~ 5/6 of oblique sliding surface length.
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| CN102331489A (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2012-01-25 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | System for testing physical model for large-scale landslides under action of multiple factors |
| CN102539652A (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2012-07-04 | 浙江中科依泰斯卡岩石工程研发有限公司 | Method for monitoring response systematicness of excavation of adjacent rock of deep buried tunnel |
| CN103217512A (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2013-07-24 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Experimental device with physical landslide model |
| CN103399139A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2013-11-20 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Test method and test system used for model of transferring open pit mining into underground mining |
| CN104535742A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-04-22 | 夏卫生 | Landslide critical angle measuring device and experiment method |
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