CN107012896B - A kind of Multifunctional pile base model assay systems and its assembling and test method - Google Patents
A kind of Multifunctional pile base model assay systems and its assembling and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107012896B CN107012896B CN201710166440.8A CN201710166440A CN107012896B CN 107012896 B CN107012896 B CN 107012896B CN 201710166440 A CN201710166440 A CN 201710166440A CN 107012896 B CN107012896 B CN 107012896B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Multifunctional pile base model assay systems and its assembling and test methods, including pedestal, guide rail, model support, loading system, measuring system, acquisition device and prefabricated pile body.Loading system includes loading device and reaction frame, can be automatically controlled, autonomous to set load and load time.Measuring system is made of a variety of different measuring devices, such as soil pressure cell, sensor, foil gauge.Automatic collection may be implemented in acquisition device, connect with digital readout system, and digital readout system contains software and is capable of providing data form and automatic drafting curve.The present invention provides a kind of experimental rigs that is easy to operate, feature-rich, can studying different situations difference supporting course different types single pile and clump of piles bearer properties.Resulting result is more acurrate, can effectively measure settling data, and the bearer properties that can successfully simulate real process pile foundation play process, to instruct Pile Foundations Design and pile foundation bearer properties theoretical research to provide effective reference frame.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Multifunctional pile base model assay systems and its assembling and test methods.
Background technique
The effect of pile foundation is transmitted to upper load in the hard rock stratum in lower part, because it is with bearing capacity height, sedimentation
Small good characteristic, so that pile foundation obtains more and more extensive make in urban skyscraper, port and pier and antiseismic engineering
With.Therefore bearing capacity of pile foundation characteristic is further studied by test, be of great significance.
The prototype stake static test of engineering site is design and determines bearing capacity of pile foundation, studies pile foundation load metamorphism performance
Most direct, most reliable method, but due to the test period is long, at high cost, boundary condition is complicated, more than influence factor and vulnerable to showing up
The limitation of the factors such as ground and duration, is only applied in less important engineering.Therefore model test is as important scientific research means
It is widely used, test specimen is reduced by prototype with certain proportion, and required space place is smaller, the requirement to testing equipments such as loads
It is relatively low, may be repeated test to eliminate test error, be that test result is more acurrate.It can accurately set as needed simultaneously
Fixed and control boundary condition, stake soil material characteristic, have very strong specific aim and purpose, obtained letter when studying pile-soil interaction
Breath is more more than prototype measurement and static test, has time saving and energy saving, economic, easy to operate, with strong points, main indicator controllability
Well, many advantages, such as accurate is tested, this becomes a kind of research methods indispensable in Bearing Behavior of Pile research process.
The research of model test about pile foundation carrying spy etc. achieves more great successes both at home and abroad at present, right
Theoretical research and engineering practice have important directive function.But still have certain shortcoming: the perimeter strip of pile foundation
The factors such as mechanical characteristic of part, soil layer, are difficult to control；When using leiomyoma cells modeling, reflect the stake soil of pile foundation mutually
Dissmilarities, the test results such as effect, mechanical characteristic and deformation characteristic cannot also reflect prototype form；It is only applied in model test
Add the load in a direction；Model test can only generally carry out limited number, can not achieve iterative cycles, therefore be badly in need of design
A kind of feature-rich, easy to operate, green circulatory pile foundation model assay systems.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide it is a kind of it is easy to operate, feature-rich, can be straight
Connect enough observe soil deformation situation, can repeat test realize different purposes, measurement it is accurate, being capable of real-time display test data
With the Multifunctional pile base model assay systems of response curve and its assembling and test method.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
A kind of Multifunctional pile base model assay systems, including pedestal；Guide rail is installed on the pedestal, described
Being equipped on guide rail can be mounted in the water tank along the water tank that it is slided back and native case, the native case, the water
Outside case and top is equipped with loading system, and the loading system can set the size and load of load according to the requirement of load
Time, and then to the test soil body filled in native case, and monitoring element is embedded in the test soil body, the monitoring element with
Data acquisition device is connected, and the data acquisition device is connected with digital readout system.
Further, in the base top, there are also installation, there are four vertical columns, are used to support loading system.
Further, the loading system includes horizontal loading apparatus and vertical loading device, the horizontal addload
Device includes a horizontal beam and level jack；The horizontal beam is mounted on vertical column；The vertical load
Device includes a reaction frame, is mounted on the top of vertical column in the reaction frame, is pacified in the bottom of the reaction frame
Mounted in vertical jack.
Further, the reaction frame is made of four girders and a secondary beam, and four girders form one
Rectangular configuration, the secondary beam is located at the middle part of rectangular configuration, freely slidable, and the vertical jack is free on secondary beam
Sliding, to realize the load of different location, jack is directly acted on secondary beam when test loads.Reaction frame rigidity is enough
Greatly, it can guarantee overall stability.
Further, the monitoring element includes soil pressure cell, sensor and foil gauge.
Further, the digital readout system can show data form and automatic drafting curve.
Further, the pedestal, meets intensity requirement, can support the self weight and counter-force of superstructure；Guide rail
Effect is can to move freely out by main body water tank and native case, and the later period is facilitated to repeat to banket, to realize different function, to come
Study the bearer properties of pile foundation under different situations.
Further, the influence for Study of The Underground water to bearing capacity of pile foundation and ocean pile foundation bearer properties, are additionally arranged
This structure of water tank, the water tank are made of transparent glass, it is therefore an objective to the variation of later period test water level can be observed, water tank
Three faces are to practice integrally, and another side can be dismantled, and can be freely combined, so that the later period repeats back-up sand, realize different research purposes.
Need to guarantee the leakproofness of entire water tank, unlikely leak.
Further, the native case is the device of the filling test soil body, and three faces of native case are made of steel plate, steel plate piecemeal
Assembling, can be freely disassembled, the influence so as to later period research excavation of foundation pit and shield-tunneling construction to bearing capacity of pile foundation；Another side uses
Transparent glass composition, directly to be observed test earth material filling building situation and subsequent soil deformation situation, glass can be with
It is replaced, the later period alternatively carrys out influence of the Study of The Underground water to bearing capacity of pile foundation at the glass containing hole.
A kind of assembling and application method of Multifunctional pile base model assay systems, comprising the following steps:
A. come processing experiment water tank, native case, reaction frame, guide rail and pedestal according to design requirement and research purpose.
B. pre-manufactured model stake, particular number are determined according to experimental study.
C., guide rail and pedestal are installed, one is welded into, test water tank and native case spelling is good, and native case is in water tank
Side after being welded, can be fixed and mobile on guide rail.Since water tank is made of transparent glass, in order to avoid water tank receiving
It is deformed after hydraulic pressure, enough floors is set in the outside of water tank；
D. the filling test soil body in native case, and embedded measuring system, that is, monitoring element, by certain amount of prefabricated pile body
Specific position is embedded according to Research Requirements.
E., steel column, girder, secondary beam and horizontal beam are installed, and a hydraulic jack is vertically connected on secondary beam, another liquid
Pressure jack is connected laterally on horizontal beam, guarantees that jack can move freely on secondary beam and horizontal beam, secondary beam and level
Beam can also automatically move.
F. draw data line, connect acquisition device, acquisition device can automatic collection, and be connected with digital readout system, digital display
System contains software and is capable of providing data form and automatic drafting curve.
G. it is tested, show that corresponding data and curve, Rule Summary provide conclusion.
H. after the test, test water tank and native case can be moved by guide rail, the replacement soil body, steel plate or glass
Glass, can be as needed, carries out the desk research that pile foundation bearer properties are tested under different situations.
The present invention has studied model test pile foundation bearer properties, solves real process pile foundation bearing capacity and is difficult to test
The problem of, using the unique design of guide rail, the model support can be recycled, help to fully understand it is various under the conditions of pile foundation
Bearer properties, closer with engineering practice compared with forefathers' research, the research achievement obtained is for instructing Pile Foundations Design to have weight
Want meaning.
The main part of experimental rig of the present invention is detachable, facilitates filler, is conducive to reuse experimental rig, entire to fill
It sets that compact-sized, intensity is high, rigidity is big, will not deform, room size 2m × 2m × 2m.
The present invention has the advantage that compared with domestic and international same device
1. the bearer properties that can successfully simulate real process pile foundation play process, to instruct Pile Foundations Design and pile foundation
Bearer properties theoretical research provides effective reference frame；
2. using transparent toughened glass, test earth material filling building situation and subsequent soil deformation situation can be carried out direct
Observation；
3. whole device good airproof performance, strength and stiffness are big, will not deform, the stability of guarantee test rack；
4. automatic collection may be implemented in acquisition device, it is connect with digital readout system, digital readout system contains software and is capable of providing number
According to table and automatic drafting curve；
5. it is feature-rich, it can study and be opened including horizontal loading, vertical load, different types stake, different soil, foundation pit
The different conditions such as digging, shield-tunneling construction, underground water, ocean pile foundation, single pile, a clump of piles；
6. whole device structure is simple, it is easily assembled to operate, using Guide Rail Design, convenient for repeating to test.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is the present invention
Some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
These attached drawings obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is Multifunctional pile base model assay systems schematic diagram.
Wherein: 1. steel plate bases；2. guide rail；3. test water tank；4. testing native case；5. reaction frame；6. vertical jack；7.
Horizontal direction jack；8. secondary beam；9. horizontal beam；10. girder；11. column.
Specific embodiment
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another
It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular
Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.
As background technique is introduced, exist in the prior art the boundary condition of pile foundation, mechanical characteristic of soil layer etc. because
Element is difficult to control；When using leiomyoma cells modeling, reflect that the pile-soil interaction, mechanical characteristic and deformation of pile foundation are special
Dissmilarities, the test results such as property cannot also reflect prototype form；Only apply the load in a direction in model test；Model
Test can only generally carry out limited number, can not achieve iterative cycles, therefore be badly in need of designing a kind of feature-rich, operation letter
Single, green circulatory pile foundation model assay systems, in order to solve technical problem as above, present applicant proposes a kind of Multifunctional piles
Base model assay systems and its assembling and test method.
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples:
Fig. 1 is a kind of Multifunctional pile base model assay systems schematic diagram, including steel plate base 1, guide rail 2, test water tank 3,
Test native case 4, reaction frame 5, loading system, measuring system, acquisition device and prefabricated pile body.
Guide rail 2 is installed in the steel plate base 1, being equipped on the guide rail 2 can slide back along it
Test water tank 3 and the native case 4 of test, the native case are mounted in the water tank, are equipped with outside the water tank with top
Loading system.Loading system includes loading device and reaction frame 5, can be automatically controlled, and can independently set load and add
Carry the time.Measuring system is made of a variety of different measuring devices, such as soil pressure cell, sensor, foil gauge.Acquisition device can
It to realize automatic collection, is connect with digital readout system, digital readout system contains software and is capable of providing data form and automatic drafting curve.
The present invention provides it is a kind of it is easy to operate, feature-rich, different situations difference supporting course different types can be studied
The experimental rig of single pile and clump of piles bearer properties.Compared with forefathers' research, resulting result is more acurrate, can effectively measure sedimentation
Data realize different function, and the bearer properties that can successfully simulate real process pile foundation play process, to instruct pile foundation to set
Meter and the theoretical research of pile foundation bearer properties provide effective reference frame, and the scope of application is wider.
Influence and ocean pile foundation bearer properties for Study of The Underground water to bearing capacity of pile foundation, are additionally arranged this knot of water tank
Structure, water tank are made of transparent glass, it is therefore an objective to the variation of later period test water level can be observed, three faces of water tank are to practice integrally,
Another side can be dismantled, and can be freely combined, so that the later period repeats back-up sand, realize different research purposes.Need to guarantee entire water
The leakproofness of case, unlikely leak.
Native case is the device of the filling test soil body, and three faces of native case are made of steel plate, and the assembling of steel plate piecemeal can freely be torn open
It unloads, the influence so as to later period research excavation of foundation pit and shield-tunneling construction to bearing capacity of pile foundation；Another side is formed using transparent glass, with
Just test earth material filling building situation and subsequent soil deformation situation are directly observed, glass can be replaced, and the later period can
It is substituted for the glass containing hole, carrys out influence of the Study of The Underground water to bearing capacity of pile foundation.
Loading system is made of hydraulic jack and reaction frame, and hydraulic jack divides horizontal direction and vertical, can be autonomous
Control load size and load time.Reaction frame is made of four girders and a secondary beam, and secondary beam is located in the middle part of girder, can be free
Sliding, jack can also be free to slide on secondary beam, and to realize the load of different location, jack is direct when test loads
It acts on secondary beam.Reaction frame rigidity is sufficiently large, can guarantee overall stability.
Steel plate base 1 is 40cm high, meets intensity requirement, can support the self weight and counter-force of superstructure.
The effect of guide rail 2 is can to move freely out by main body water tank and native case, facilitates the later period to repeat to banket, to realize
Different function, thus to study the bearer properties of pile foundation under different situations.
The reaction frame 5 is made of four girders 10 and a secondary beam 8, and four girders 10 form a rectangle
Structure, the secondary beam 8 is located at the middle part of rectangular configuration, freely slidable, vertical jack free skating on secondary beam
Dynamic, to realize the load of different location, jack is directly acted on secondary beam when test loads.Reaction frame rigidity is sufficiently large,
It can guarantee overall stability.
The present invention also provides the assemblings and application method of a kind of Multifunctional pile base model assay systems, including following step
It is rapid:
A. come processing experiment water tank 3, native case 4, reaction frame 5, guide rail 2 and steel plate base according to design requirement and research purpose
1。
B. pre-manufactured model stake, particular number are determined according to experimental study.
C., guide rail 2 and pedestal 1 are installed, one is welded into, test water tank 3 and 4 spelling of native case is good, and native case 4 is in water tank 3
Inside, after being welded, can fix on guide rail 2 and mobile.Since water tank 3 is made of transparent glass, in order to avoid water
Case deforms after bearing hydraulic pressure, and enough floors are set in the outside of water tank 3.
D. the filling test soil body in native case 4, and embedded measuring system, that is, monitoring element, by certain amount of prefabricated pile body
Specific position is embedded according to Research Requirements.
E., steel column 11, girder 10, secondary beam 8 and horizontal beam 9 are installed, and a hydraulic jack 6 is vertically connected to secondary beam 8
On, another hydraulic jack 7 is connected laterally on horizontal beam 9, guarantees that jack 9 can freely move on secondary beam 8 and horizontal beam
Dynamic, secondary beam 8 and horizontal beam 9 can also automatically move.
F. draw data line, connect acquisition device, acquisition device can automatic collection, and be connected with digital readout system, digital display
System contains software and is capable of providing data form and automatic drafting curve.
G. it is tested, show that corresponding data and curve, Rule Summary provide conclusion.
H. after the test, test water tank 3 and native case 4 can be moved by guide rail 2, the replacement soil body, steel plate or glass
Glass can carry out the desk research that pile foundation bearer properties are tested under different situations as needed.
Further, measuring device, acquisition device and digital readout system used in the present invention are existing instrument and equipment, herein
It repeats no more.
It can be seen from the above description that the application the above embodiments realize following technical effect:
1. the bearer properties that can successfully simulate real process pile foundation play process, to instruct Pile Foundations Design and pile foundation
Bearer properties theoretical research provides effective reference frame；
2. using transparent toughened glass, test earth material filling building situation and subsequent soil deformation situation can be carried out direct
Observation；
3. whole device good airproof performance, strength and stiffness are big, will not deform, the stability of guarantee test rack；
4. automatic collection may be implemented in acquisition device, it is connect with digital readout system, digital readout system contains software and is capable of providing number
According to table and automatic drafting curve；
5. it is feature-rich, it can study and be opened including horizontal loading, vertical load, different types stake, different soil, foundation pit
The different conditions such as digging, shield-tunneling construction, underground water, ocean pile foundation, single pile, a clump of piles；
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is the present invention
Some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
These attached drawings obtain other attached drawings.
6. whole device structure is simple, it is easily assembled to operate, using Guide Rail Design, convenient for repeating to test.
Above-mentioned, although the foregoing specific embodiments of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, not protects model to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not
Need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Multifunctional pile base model assay systems, which is characterized in that including pedestal；It is equipped with and leads on the pedestal
Rail, the water tank can be mounted on along the water tank that it is slided back and native case, the native case by being equipped on the guide rail
Interior, outside the water tank and top is equipped with loading system, and the loading system can set load according to the requirement of load
Size and the load time, and then to the filling test soil body in native case, and be embedded with monitoring element in the test soil body, it is described
Monitoring element is connected with data acquisition device, and the data acquisition device is connected with digital readout system；
The native case is the device of the filling test soil body, and three faces of native case are made of steel plate, the assembling of steel plate piecemeal, can be free
Disassembly；Another side is formed using transparent glass, straight to carry out to test earth material filling building situation and subsequent soil deformation situation
Connect observation；The transparent glass can be replaced, and in influence of the Study of The Underground water to bearing capacity of pile foundation, be substituted for
Glass containing hole；
The loading system includes horizontal loading apparatus and vertical loading device, and the horizontal loading apparatus includes a water
Flat-topped ridge and level jack；The horizontal beam is mounted on vertical column；The vertical loading device includes one anti-
Power frame, the reaction frame are mounted on the top of vertical column, install vertical jack in the bottom of the reaction frame；
The reaction frame is made of four girders and a secondary beam, and four girders form a rectangular configuration, described
Secondary beam be located at the middle part of rectangular configuration, freely slidable, the vertical jack is free to slide on secondary beam, to realize
The load of different location, jack directly acts on secondary beam when test loads.
2. a kind of Multifunctional pile base model assay systems as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the base top
There are also installation, there are four vertical columns, are used to support loading system.
3. a kind of Multifunctional pile base model assay systems as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the monitoring element packet
Include soil pressure cell, sensor and foil gauge.
4. a kind of Multifunctional pile base model assay systems as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the digital readout system energy
Enough show data form and automatic drafting curve.
5. a kind of Multifunctional pile base model assay systems as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the water tank is by transparent
Glass is constituted, and three faces of water tank are to be connected, and another side can be dismantled, and can be freely combined, and the leakproofness of entire water tank is full
Foot is water-tight.
6. the assembling and application method of Multifunctional pile base model assay systems described in claim 1, which is characterized in that including with
Lower step:
A. come processing experiment water tank, native case, reaction frame, guide rail and pedestal according to design requirement and research purpose；
B. pre-manufactured model stake, particular number are determined according to experimental study；
C., guide rail and pedestal are installed, one is welded into, test water tank and native case spelling is good, and native case is in the inside of water tank, weldering
After connecting, it can be fixed on guide rail and mobile；
D. the filling test soil body in native case, and embedded monitoring element, certain amount of prefabricated pile body is buried according to Research Requirements
It is located at specific position；
E., steel column, girder, secondary beam and horizontal beam are installed, and a hydraulic jack is vertically connected on secondary beam, another hydraulic thousand
Jin top is connected laterally on horizontal beam, guarantees that jack can move freely on secondary beam and horizontal beam, secondary beam and horizontal beam
It can automatically move；
F. draw data line, connect data acquisition device, data acquisition device can automatic collection, and be connected with digital readout system,
Digital readout system contains software and is capable of providing data form and automatic drafting curve；
G. it is tested, show that corresponding data and curve, Rule Summary provide conclusion；
H. after the test, test water tank and native case are moved by guide rail, the replacement soil body, steel plate or glass, according to
It needs, carries out the desk research that pile foundation bearer properties are tested under different situations.
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| CN107607578B (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2019-09-20 | 南京大学（苏州）高新技术研究院 | A kind of large scale energy wall model test apparatus and method |
| CN107806117B (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2024-01-26 | 广州建设工程质量安全检测中心有限公司 | Device and method for realizing lateral soil pressure in pile foundation model test |
| CN108316366A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-07-24 | 浙江大学城市学院 | A kind of multi-functional foundation pit model assay systems equipment and its application method |
| CN108519287A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-09-11 | 山东大学 | A kind of rotatable model test loading device and loading method |
| CN108387456A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-08-10 | 西南交通大学 | Earth and stone material filling body TERM DEFORMATION simulation test device and its analogy method |
| CN108760616B (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2020-11-03 | 福州大学 | Speed-controllable model experiment device and speed-controllable model experiment method for simulating soil body lateral movement |
| CN109612839A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-12 | 洛阳市轨道交通有限责任公司 | A kind of geotechnical model test device |
| CN109469123B (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2023-12-12 | 深圳宏业基岩土科技股份有限公司 | Self-balancing device for horizontal loading of pile foundation of double jack and testing method |
| CN110528602A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-12-03 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Earth lateral pressure experiment simulator under diaphram wall difference level of ground water operating condition |
| CN111021440A (en) * | 2020-03-07 | 2020-04-17 | 西南交通大学 | CPT integrated geotechnical packaging granular pile indoor model test device and method |
| CN112461564A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-03-09 | 山东大学 | Offshore wind power foundation model test system and method |
| CN115492172B (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2024-04-09 | 长沙理工大学 | Device and method for testing influence of traffic load on pile-net composite foundation power |
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| CN103898930A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-07-02 | 山东电力工程咨询院有限公司 | Horizontal bearing characteristics test model for prestressed concrete pipe piles and modeling method |
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| CN103898930A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-07-02 | 山东电力工程咨询院有限公司 | Horizontal bearing characteristics test model for prestressed concrete pipe piles and modeling method |
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