CN108107186A - Seam mining analogue experiment installation and preparation method thereof and operating method - Google Patents
Seam mining analogue experiment installation and preparation method thereof and operating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108107186A CN108107186A CN201711222865.2A CN201711222865A CN108107186A CN 108107186 A CN108107186 A CN 108107186A CN 201711222865 A CN201711222865 A CN 201711222865A CN 108107186 A CN108107186 A CN 108107186A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N13/04—Investigating osmotic effects
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of seam mining analogue experiment installation and preparation method thereof and operating methods.Seam mining analogue experiment installation disclosed by the invention includes chamber, and chamber is made of bottom plate, side plate and head cover；Floor strata is equipped on bottom plate；Coal seam is equipped on floor strata, strain gauge and displacement sensor are provided in coal seam；It is provided in the one end in coal seam and cuts eye, cut eye and connected by drainage channel with gutter；Interval rock stratum is equipped on coal seam；Water barrier is equipped with above the rock stratum of interval；Water-bearing layer that can be permeable is equipped on water barrier, water injection pipe is provided on water-bearing layer, water-level gauge is additionally provided in the one side in water-bearing layer；Topsoil is equipped with above water-bearing layer；Pressue device is provided with above topsoil.The present invention can preferably complete seam mining top water-bearing layer solid-liquid coupling simulation test, and test data is truer, and the protection for water resource during seam mining provides technical support.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal mining simulating experiment technique field more particularly to a kind of seam mining analogue experiment installation and
Its production method and operating method.
Background technology
The large scale mining of coal can cause the very big destruction of underground reservoir, bring the very big of earth's surface and groundwater resources
Waste.Meanwhile water damage causes serious economic loss and casualties to the utilization of coal resources.Therefore, it should select
Rational coal-mining method and technique are selected, while coal resources safety high-efficiency mining is realized, water conservation to greatest extent.
However, complexity and Unpredictability due to practically descending the overlying rock variation of work on the spot face, utilize simulator stand pair
The destruction in water-bearing layer carries out simulation test, by Excavation simulation coal seam, obtains the water-bearing layer in overlying rock under mining influence
It collapses, move, destroying, the rules such as crack, so as to provide technological guidance for the protection of water resource in process of coal mining.
Equivalent Materials Testing is the main experimental research method of mining engineering and geotechnical engineering, available for simulation reconstruction
Engineering site seam mining excavate it is live, and observe under the conditions of this surrouding rock stress, strain and displacement and the destruction in water-bearing layer, split
Gap is developed and water guide path.Equivalent Materials Testing is simple and practicable, visual in image, can be carried out according to different recovery schemes
Repetition test has significant advantage to aqueous fault rupture, water migration rule in research mining active process.
Although analog simulation experiment is to study the important means of water-bearing layer failure law in the recovery process of coal seam, it also has
There is the defects of some are not solved at this stage, be mainly manifested in the following：
(1) most of water-bearing layer simulation tests still concentrate on physical analogy two-dimentional, in terms of single-phase or solid-liquid；
(2) water-bearing layer is simulated only with pre-buried water pipe or water bag, it is bigger than difference with formation material, simulation can be influenced and contained
Water layer collapsing, moving, destroying under by mining influence and cranny development rule；
(3) during experiment, it is present with bottom plate surrounding leakage scenarios after the water penetration in water-bearing layer to coal working face, no
It can be discharged according to set direction, water circulation system design is not perfect；
(4) it is difficult to arbitrarily to adjust top using simulation according to the thickness change of actual overlying rock and loads size, therefore mould
It is poor to intend on-site actual situations.
In view of this, the seam mining analogue experiment installation and its making side that a kind of result is accurate, experiment effect is good are provided
Method and operating method necessitate.
The content of the invention
Technical solution of the present invention provides a kind of seam mining analogue experiment installation, and including chamber, the chamber is the bottom of by
Plate, side plate and head cover composition；
Floor strata is equipped on the bottom plate；
Coal seam is equipped on the floor strata, strain gauge and displacement sensor are provided in the coal seam；
It is provided in the one end in the coal seam and cuts eye, the eye of cutting is connected by drainage channel with gutter；
Interval rock stratum is equipped on the coal seam；
Water barrier is equipped with above the interval rock stratum；
Water-bearing layer that can be permeable is equipped on the water barrier, water injection pipe is provided on the water-bearing layer, in institute
The one side for stating water-bearing layer is additionally provided with to monitor the water-level gauge of the water level in the water-bearing layer；
Topsoil is equipped with above the water-bearing layer；
It is provided with to apply stressed pressue device to the topsoil above the topsoil.
Further, the water-bearing layer is pervious concrete layer.
Further, there are multiple permeable holes in the pervious concrete layer.
Further, pervious concrete layer is made by coarse aggregate, cement and water according to preset ratio.
Further, coated at least one layer of cement sand bed on the surface in the water-bearing layer.
Further, coated at least one layer of cement sand bed on the upper surface of the water barrier.
Further, the bottom plate tilts extension；
On the direction away from the rear end for cutting eye to the front end for cutting eye described in from the bottom plate, the bottom plate
Height continuously decrease.
Further, the gutter is parallelly arranged in the one side of the bottom plate, and the angled manner in the gutter
It is consistent with the angled manner of the bottom plate；
It is described that cut eye vertical with the gutter；
The drainage channel includes and the water guide for cutting a plurality of drainpipe that eye connect and an one side is cut described in being arranged in
Slot, the every drainpipe connect respectively with the guiding gutter, and the guiding gutter is connected with the gutter.
Further, the water injection pipe is located on the water-bearing layer away from described one end for cutting eye, and the water injection pipe is worn
Cross the topsoil.
Further, the pressue device includes pressurised airbag and the inflator pump for being inflated to the pressurised airbag.
Further, when the pressurised airbag is in unfolded state, residence is completely covered in the lower part of the pressurised airbag
The upper surface of topsoil is stated, the top of the pressurised airbag is contacted with the head cover, the side of the pressurised airbag and the side
Plate contacts.
Further, the water containing the first predetermined threshold value in the water-bearing layer in original state；
When the water level in the water-bearing layer is less than the second predetermined threshold value, continued by the water injection pipe to the water-bearing layer
Middle injection water, wherein, second predetermined threshold value is less than first predetermined threshold value.
Further, it is additionally provided with humidity sensor in the coal seam.
Further, uniformly distributed multiple strain gauges, multiple institute's displacement sensors and multiple in the coal seam
The humidity sensor.
Technical solution of the present invention also provides a kind of seam mining simulated experiment to described in any one of foregoing technical solution and fills
The production method made is put, is included the following steps：
S101：Make chamber；
S102：Floor strata is laid in the top of the bottom plate of the chamber；
S103：Coal seam is laid in the top of the floor strata, pre-buried strain gauge and displacement biography in the coal seam
Sensor；It is offered in the one end in the coal seam and cuts eye, and make described to cut eye and connect with gutter by drainage channel；
S104：Interval rock stratum is laid in the top in the coal seam；
S105：Water barrier is laid in the top of the interval rock stratum；
S106：Water-bearing layer, pre-buried water injection pipe and water-level gauge in the water-bearing layer are laid in the top of the water barrier；
S107：Topsoil is laid in the top in the water-bearing layer；
S108：In the top of the topsoil, pressue device is set.
Further, the water-bearing layer is pervious concrete layer, is made in the following way：
At least one layer of cement sand bed is coated in the upper surface of the water barrier；
The supporting module on the water barrier；
Pervious concrete material is poured into the template, and is buried in advance in the predeterminated position of pervious concrete material simultaneously
If the water-level gauge and the water injection pipe；
After the pervious concrete material solidification, pervious concrete layer is formed；
At least one layer of cement sand bed is coated on the surface of the pervious concrete layer；
The water of predetermined amount is injected into the pervious concrete layer.
Technical solution of the present invention also provides a kind of seam mining simulated experiment described in using any one of foregoing technical solution
The operating method that device is tested, includes the following steps：
S201：Preset pressure is applied to the topsoil by the pressue device, and records current pressure values；
S202：Water level in water-bearing layer is monitored by the water-level gauge, and records current level value；
S203：The load being applied to by strain gauge monitoring on the coal seam, and record current load value；
S204：The displacement variable of rock stratum above the coal seam is located at by institute's displacement sensors monitoring, and is recorded
Current shift value；
S205：Using the preset pressure of different value, step S201-S204 is repeated；
S206：The comprehensive all current pressure values obtained, the current level value, the current load value and described
Current shift value is analyzed, and draws rock crack development degree and water penetration rule.
Further, in the step S202, further include：
Water containing the first predetermined threshold value in the water-bearing layer in original state；
In pressure process, water can the crack through generation permeate downwards, until be collected to it is described cut in eye, it is described to cut in eye
Water discharged through the drainage channel and gutter；
When the water level in the water-bearing layer is less than the second predetermined threshold value, continued by the water injection pipe to the water-bearing layer
Middle injection water, wherein, second predetermined threshold value is less than first predetermined threshold value.
Further, in the step S201, further include：
Gas is injected into pressurised airbag by inflator pump；
When the pressurised airbag is unfolded, the lower part of the pressurised airbag covers all the upper surface of the topsoil,
The top of the pressurised airbag is contacted with the head cover, the side of the pressurised airbag and the side plane contact.
Using above-mentioned technical proposal, have the advantages that：
This uses the seam mining analogue experiment installation, belongs to three-dimensional, large scale platform physical simulation, more can accurately be anti-
Answer on-site actual situations.
Water-bearing layer can be permeable, uses pervious concrete layer, is more nearly with real water-bearing layer, can more accurately reflect it
Collapsing, moving, destroying under mining influence and cranny development rule.
The surface layer cement sand bed of pervious concrete layer has water proof antiseepage function, the two being capable of accurate simulation coal seam after combining
Exploit the state that preceding water-bearing layer coexists with rock stratum.
The pervious concrete layer more can really reflect overburden collapse situation, not interfere with strata displacement, cranny development
With water crack field seepage flow situation.
Using water injection pipe water filling, water-bearing layer is made to form running water, and then control water, it can be according to water-bearing layer SEA LEVEL VARIATION feelings
Condition is clear to reflect overlying rock water producing fractures development degree.
During experiment, dirty water is discharged by gutter, and water circulation system design is more reasonable.
Therefore, the present invention can preferably complete seam mining top water-bearing layer solid-liquid coupling simulation test, test data
More true, the protection for water resource during seam mining provides technical support.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional view for the seam mining analogue experiment installation that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 2 is the plan view of seam mining analogue experiment installation shown in FIG. 1；
Fig. 3 is the horizontal layout schematic diagram of strain gauge, displacement sensor and humidity sensor；
Fig. 4 is pressurised airbag and inflator pump connection diagram.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment to further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Wherein identical parts are with identical
Reference numeral represents.It should be noted that word "front", "rear" used in the following description, "left", "right", "up" and "down"
Refer to the direction in attached drawing, word " interior " and " outer " are referred respectively to towards or away from the direction of particular elements geometric center.
As shown in Figs. 1-3, the seam mining analogue experiment installation that one embodiment of the invention provides, including chamber 1, experiment
Case 1 is made of bottom plate 13, side plate 14 and head cover 15.
Floor strata 2 is equipped on base 13.
Coal seam 3 is equipped on floor strata 2, strain gauge 10 and displacement sensor 12 are provided in coal seam 3.
The one end in coal seam 3, which is provided with, cuts eye 20, cuts eye 20 and is connected by drainage channel with gutter 18.
Interval rock stratum 4 is equipped on coal seam 3.Water barrier 5 is equipped in the top of interval rock stratum 4.
Water-bearing layer 6 that can be permeable is equipped on water barrier 5, water injection pipe 19 is provided on water-bearing layer 6, in water-bearing layer
6 one side is additionally provided with to monitor the water-level gauge 9 of the water level in water-bearing layer 6.
Topsoil 7 is equipped in the top in water-bearing layer 6, is provided in the top of topsoil 7 and is pressed for applying to topsoil 7
The pressue device 8 of power.
Seam mining analogue experiment installation provided by the invention carries out simulated experiment, floor strata using analog material
2nd, the distribution of equivalent material simulating subterranean strata is respectively adopted in coal seam 3, interval rock stratum 4, water barrier 5, water-bearing layer 6 and topsoil 7.Its
In, not hydrophilic material that water barrier 5 is mixed in a certain ratio by stone, sand, lime-ash, gypsum and paraffin.
Chamber 1 be cuboid, the closed box being made of bottom plate 13, side plate 14 and head cover 15.Its sectional dimension 3m
× 3m, length 10m, is bolted using modularization, and individual module size is 3m × 3m × 1m.
When making, pre-buried strain gauge 10 and displacement sensor 12 in coal seam 3.It is offered in the one end in coal seam 3
Eye 20 is cut, and makes to cut eye 20 and be connected by drainage channel with gutter 18.
It cuts eye 20 and actually cuts eye for simulating in seam mining.
The magnitude of load of 3 top of coal seam can be monitored in real time by strain gauge 10, so as to study overburden collapse
With the load situation needed for destruction.The overlying rock change in displacement of 3 top of coal seam can be monitored in real time by displacement sensor 12
Situation, and then study overburden collapse degree and extent of the destruction.
When making, pre-buried water injection pipe 19 and water-level gauge 9 on water-bearing layer 6.When completing in water-bearing layer, to water-bearing layer
The water of predetermined amount is previously implanted in 6, makes it similar to the water-bearing layer with simulated experiment.
Water-level gauge 9 can monitor the SEA LEVEL VARIATION in water-bearing layer 6 at any time.It can be mended by water injection pipe 19 into water-bearing layer 6
Water so that the water in water-bearing layer 6 becomes running water, is more advantageous to analog simulation experiment.
By pressue device 8 after topsoil 7 applies load, the overlying rock of the top of coal seam 3 (for example, interval rock stratum 4,
Water barrier 5, water-bearing layer 6 and topsoil 7) crack can be generated.Water is pooled to after crack is permeated to be cut in eye 20, then passes through gutter
18 discharge water, and material is thus formed the water circulation systems of experimental rig.
The present invention utilizes 19 water filling of water injection pipe, makes to form running water in water-bearing layer 6, and then controls water, can be according to aqueous
SEA LEVEL VARIATION situation in layer 6 is clear to reflect overlying rock water producing fractures development degree.
During experiment, dirty water is discharged by gutter 18, and water circulation system design is more reasonable.
Seam mining analogue experiment installation provided by the invention belongs to three-dimensional, large scale platform physical simulation, more can be accurate
Reaction on-site actual situations.
Water-bearing layer in the present invention can be permeable, is more nearly with real water-bearing layer, can more accurately reflect it and adopt
Under the influence of collapse, move, destroying and cranny development rule.
Therefore, the present invention can preferably complete seam mining top water-bearing layer solid-liquid coupling simulation test, test data
More true, the protection for water resource during seam mining provides technical support.
It is preferred that water-bearing layer 6 is pervious concrete layer.Pervious concrete layer is more nearly the situation in real water-bearing layer, profit
In the accuracy for improving experiment.The pervious concrete layer more can really reflect overburden collapse situation, not interfere with rock stratum position
Shifting, cranny development and water are in the seepage flow situation of crack field.
It is preferred that having multiple permeable holes in pervious concrete layer, water can be oozed out through permeable hole, beneficial to the permeable work(of realization
Energy.
It is preferred that pervious concrete layer is made by coarse aggregate, cement and water according to preset ratio, it is porous light
Concrete structure.In concrete, sand, stone play skeleton function, are known as aggregate or gather materials, wherein grain size is more than the aggregate claim of 5mm
For coarse aggregate.
It is preferred that coated at least one layer of cement sand bed on the surface in water-bearing layer 6.The superficial water of pervious concrete layer
Silt particle pulp layer has a water proof antiseepage function, and the two being capable of the shape that is coexisted with rock stratum of the preceding water-bearing layer of accurate simulation seam mining after combining
State.
It is preferred that water proof antiseepage function is played coated at least one layer of cement sand bed on the upper surface of water barrier 5.
It is preferred that as shown in Fig. 2, bottom plate 13 tilts extension.It is being cut from bottom plate 13 away from the rear end for cutting eye 20 to close
On the direction of the front end of eye 20, the height of bottom plate 13 continuously decreases.The default gradient specially is set along the direction of arrow A, with
It is consistent with actual seam inclination, the gradient can be 5 ‰.
It is preferred that as shown in Fig. 2, gutter 18 is parallelly arranged in the one side of bottom plate 13, and the inclination side in gutter 18
Formula is consistent with the angled manner of bottom plate 13.
It is vertical with gutter 18 to cut eye 20.
Drainage channel includes the guiding gutter 16 that 20 one side of eye is cut with cutting a plurality of drainpipe 17 that eye 20 connects and being arranged in, often
Bar drainpipe 17 connects respectively with guiding gutter 16, and guiding gutter 16 is connected with gutter 18.
Gutter 18 sets the default gradient specifically along the direction of arrow B, is consistent with the inclination with actual gutter, slope
Degree can be 5 ‰.
Guiding gutter 16 is also obliquely installed, from the end away from gutter 18 to close to the direction of the end in gutter 18
On, the height of guiding gutter 16 continuously decreases, beneficial to directing water into gutter 18.
Specifically, guiding gutter 16 sets the default gradient along the direction of arrow C, is consistent with the inclination with actual guiding gutter
It closes, the gradient can be 5 ‰.
Preferably, the water inlet of drainpipe 17 is arranged on the bottom for cutting eye 20, and the water outlet of drainpipe 17 is arranged on water guide
On slot 16, smoothly discharged beneficial to by the water cut in eye 20.
It is preferred that as shown in Fig. 2, water injection pipe 19 is located at away from the one end for cutting eye 20 on water-bearing layer 6, and water injection pipe 19 passes through
Topsoil 7.Since bottom plate 13 is along arrow A inclination arrangements, water-bearing layer 6 is consistent with the angled manner of bottom plate 13, is also
It is high away from the rear end for cutting 20 side of eye, it is low close to the front end for cutting eye 20.Water injection pipe 1 is arranged on to the rear end in water-bearing layer 6, is existed beneficial to water
Forward end flows in water-bearing layer 6.
Can a plurality of water injection pipe 19 be set in the rear end in water-bearing layer 6, a plurality of water injection pipe 19 is distributed on water-bearing layer 6, from
The top uniformly uniform water filling into water-bearing layer 6 so that water can be evenly distributed in water-bearing layer 6.
It is preferred that as shown in figure 4, pressue device 8 includes pressurised airbag 21 and the inflation for being inflated to pressurised airbag 21
Pump 22.
Top loading is realized using 21 loading system of pressurised airbag, is inflated by inflator pump 22 into pressurised airbag 21, can
To meet the requirement that experiment uniformly loads.During experiment, using side plate 14 and head cover 15 as limitation face, mechanical requirements are more in line with,
The advantage of the loading of pressurised airbag 21 can be played to the greatest extent.
Its operation principle is：First pressurised airbag 21 is bonded with topsoil 7, be then filled with into pressurised airbag 21 gas with
Certain pressure is generated, the internal pressure of pressurised airbag 21 is transferred on topsoil 7 by the binding face of the two, to reach real
The purpose of uniformly distributed loading is applied, the size of loading force can be realized by controlling the inside and outside differential pressure of pressurised airbag 21, so as to mould
Intend the experiment of different superincumbent stratum thickness in actual production.
It is preferred that when pressurised airbag 21 is in unfolded state, the lower part of pressurised airbag 21 covers all topsoil 7
Upper surface, the top of pressurised airbag 21 are contacted with head cover 15, and the side of pressurised airbag 21 is contacted with side plate 14.
The lower part of pressurised airbag 21 covers all topsoil 7, so as to realize to 7 uniform pressurization of topsoil.Pass through
Side plate 14 and head cover 15 limit pressurised airbag 21, are more in line with mechanical requirements, can play pressurised airbag to the greatest extent
The advantage of 21 loadings.
It is preferred that the water containing the first predetermined threshold value in the water-bearing layer 6 in original state.
When the water level in water-bearing layer 6 is less than the second predetermined threshold value, continue to inject into water-bearing layer 6 by water injection pipe 19
Water, wherein, the second predetermined threshold value is less than the first predetermined threshold value.
So that the water level running water in water-bearing layer 6, closer to the truth, experiment accuracy is improved.
First predetermined threshold value and the second predetermined threshold value can be watermark threshold, beneficial to the water level value in water-bearing layer 6.
It is preferred that as shown in figure 3, being additionally provided with humidity sensor 11 in coal seam 3, water-bearing layer 6 can be monitored in real time by rising
In water whether flow to point position, so as to Study of Strata cranny development degree and current Percolation Law.
It is preferred that as shown in figure 3, in coal seam uniformly distributed multiple strain gauges 10, multiple displacement sensors 12 and multiple
Humidity sensor 11 improves monitoring effect and experiment accuracy.
One embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of production method of seam mining analogue experiment installation, with reference to shown in Fig. 1-4,
Include the following steps：
S101：Make chamber 1.
S102：Floor strata 2 is laid on the bottom plate 13 of chamber 1.
S103：Coal seam 3, pre-buried strain gauge 10 and displacement sensor 12 in coal seam 3 are laid on floor strata 2.
It is offered in the one end in coal seam 3 and cuts eye 20, and made to cut eye 20 and be connected by drainage channel with gutter 18.
S104：Interval rock stratum 4 is laid on coal seam 3.
S105：Water barrier 5 is laid in the top of interval rock stratum 4.
S106：Water-bearing layer 6, pre-buried water injection pipe 19 and water-level gauge 9 in water-bearing layer 6 are laid on water barrier 5.
S107：Topsoil 7 is laid in the top in water-bearing layer 6.
S108：In the top of topsoil 7, pressue device 8 is set.
It is preferred that water-bearing layer 6 is pervious concrete layer, it is made in the following way：
At least one layer of cement sand bed is coated in the upper surface of water barrier 5.
The supporting module on water barrier 5.
Pervious concrete material is poured into template, and simultaneously in the predeterminated position pre-plugged water of pervious concrete material
Position meter 9 and water injection pipe 19.
After pervious concrete material solidification, pervious concrete layer is formed.
At least one layer of cement sand bed is coated on the surface of pervious concrete layer.
The water of predetermined amount is injected into pervious concrete layer.
Technical solution of the present invention also provides a kind of operating method tested using seam mining analogue experiment installation, bag
Include following steps：
S201：Preset pressure is applied to topsoil 7 by pressue device 8, and records current pressure values.
S202：Water level in water-bearing layer 6 is monitored by water-level gauge 9, and records current level value.
S203：The load being applied on coal seam 3 is monitored by strain gauge 10, and records current load value.
S204：It is located at the displacement variable of the rock stratum of 3 top of coal seam by the monitoring of displacement sensor 12, and records present bit
Shifting value.
S205：Using the preset pressure of different value, step S201-S204 is repeated.
S206：Comprehensive all current pressure values, current level value, current load value and the current shift value obtained is divided
Analysis, draws rock crack development degree and water penetration rule.
It is preferred that in step S202, further include：
Water containing the first predetermined threshold value in water-bearing layer 6 in original state.
In pressure process, water can the crack through generation permeate downwards, until being collected to and cutting in eye 20, cut the water in eye 20
It is discharged through drainage channel and gutter 18.
When the water level in water-bearing layer 6 is less than the second predetermined threshold value, continue to inject water into water-bearing layer by water injection pipe 19,
Wherein, the second predetermined threshold value is less than the first predetermined threshold value.
It is preferred that it in step s 201, further includes：
Gas is injected into pressurised airbag 21 by inflator pump 22.
When pressurised airbag 21 is unfolded, the lower part of pressurised airbag 21 covers all the upper surface of topsoil 7, pressurised airbag
21 top is contacted with head cover 15, and the side of pressurised airbag 21 is contacted with side plate 14.
Water-level gauge 9, strain gauge 10, humidity sensor 11 and displacement sensor 12 in the present invention respectively with computer
Device communicates to connect, and is monitored, analyzed and calculated by computer installation.
As needed, above-mentioned each technical solution can be combined, to reach best-of-breed technology effect.
Above-described is only the principle of the present invention and preferred embodiment.It should be pointed out that the common skill for this field
For art personnel, on the basis of the principle of the invention, several other modifications can also be made, also should be regarded as the protection model of the present invention
It encloses.
Claims (19)
1. a kind of seam mining analogue experiment installation, which is characterized in that including chamber, the chamber by bottom plate, side plate and
Head cover forms；
Floor strata is equipped on the bottom plate；
Coal seam is equipped on the floor strata, strain gauge and displacement sensor are provided in the coal seam；Institute
The one end for stating coal seam is provided with and cuts eye, and the eye of cutting is connected by drainage channel with gutter；
Interval rock stratum is equipped on the coal seam；
Water barrier is equipped with above the interval rock stratum；
Water-bearing layer that can be permeable is equipped on the water barrier, water injection pipe is provided on the water-bearing layer, is contained described
The one side of water layer is additionally provided with to monitor the water-level gauge of the water level in the water-bearing layer；
Topsoil is equipped with above the water-bearing layer；
It is provided with to apply stressed pressue device to the topsoil above the topsoil.
2. seam mining analogue experiment installation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the water-bearing layer is permeable coagulation
Soil layer.
3. seam mining analogue experiment installation according to claim 2, which is characterized in that have in the pervious concrete layer
There are multiple permeable holes.
4. the seam mining analogue experiment installation according to Claims 2 or 3, which is characterized in that pervious concrete layer is by thick
Aggregate, cement and water are made according to preset ratio.
5. according to any seam mining analogue experiment installation in claim 1-3, which is characterized in that in the water-bearing layer
Surface on coated at least one layer of cement sand bed.
6. according to any seam mining analogue experiment installation in claim 1-3, which is characterized in that in the water barrier
Upper surface on coated at least one layer of cement sand bed.
7. seam mining analogue experiment installation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bottom plate tilts extension；
On the direction away from the rear end for cutting eye to the front end for cutting eye described in from the bottom plate, the height of the bottom plate
Degree continuously decreases.
8. seam mining analogue experiment installation according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the gutter is parallelly arranged
In the one side of the bottom plate, and the angled manner in the gutter is consistent with the angled manner of the bottom plate；
It is described that cut eye vertical with the gutter；
The drainage channel include with the guiding gutter for cutting a plurality of drainpipe that eye connect and an one side is cut described in being arranged in, often
Drainpipe described in item connects respectively with the guiding gutter, and the guiding gutter is connected with the gutter.
9. seam mining analogue experiment installation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the water injection pipe is located at described contain
Away from described one end for cutting eye on water layer, and the water injection pipe passes through the topsoil.
10. seam mining analogue experiment installation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pressue device includes adding
Pressuring gasbag and the inflator pump for being inflated to the pressurised airbag.
11. seam mining analogue experiment installation according to claim 10, which is characterized in that be in the pressurised airbag
During unfolded state, the lower part of the pressurised airbag covers all the upper surface of the topsoil, the top of the pressurised airbag
It is contacted with the head cover, the side of the pressurised airbag and the side plane contact.
12. seam mining analogue experiment installation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Water containing the first predetermined threshold value in the water-bearing layer in original state；
When the water level in the water-bearing layer is less than the second predetermined threshold value, continue to note into the water-bearing layer by the water injection pipe
Enter water, wherein, second predetermined threshold value is less than first predetermined threshold value.
13. seam mining analogue experiment installation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that also set up in the coal seam
There is humidity sensor.
14. seam mining analogue experiment installation according to claim 13, which is characterized in that uniformly distributed more in the coal seam
A strain gauge, multiple institute's displacement sensors and multiple humidity sensors.
15. a kind of making side that seam mining analogue experiment installation to any one of claim 1-14 is made
Method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
S101：Make chamber；
S102：Floor strata is laid in the top of the bottom plate of the chamber；
S103：Coal seam, pre-buried strain gauge and displacement sensor in the coal seam are laid in the top of the floor strata；
It is offered in the one end in the coal seam and cuts eye, and make described to cut eye and connect with gutter by drainage channel；
S104：Interval rock stratum is laid in the top in the coal seam；
S105：Water barrier is laid in the top of the interval rock stratum；
S106：Water-bearing layer is laid on the water barrier, pre-buried water injection pipe and water-level gauge in the water-bearing layer；
S107：Topsoil is laid in the top in the water-bearing layer；
S108：In the top of the topsoil, pressue device is set.
16. production method according to claim 15, which is characterized in that the water-bearing layer is pervious concrete layer, is adopted
It is made with following manner：
At least one layer of cement sand bed is coated in the upper surface of the water barrier；
The supporting module on the water barrier；
Pervious concrete material is poured into the template, and simultaneously in the predeterminated position pre-plugged institute of pervious concrete material
State water-level gauge and the water injection pipe；
After the pervious concrete material solidification, pervious concrete layer is formed；
At least one layer of cement sand bed is coated on the surface of the pervious concrete layer；
The water of predetermined amount is injected into the pervious concrete layer.
17. a kind of operation side that seam mining analogue experiment installation using any one of claim 1-14 is tested
Method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
S201：Preset pressure is applied to the topsoil by the pressue device, and records current pressure values；
S202：Water level in water-bearing layer is monitored by the water-level gauge, and records current level value；
S203：The load being applied to by strain gauge monitoring on the coal seam, and record current load value；
S204：The displacement variable of rock stratum above the coal seam is located at by institute's displacement sensors monitoring, and is recorded current
Shift value；
S205：Using the preset pressure of different value, step S201-S204 is repeated；
S206：The comprehensive all current pressure values obtained, the current level value, the current load value and described current
Shift value is analyzed, and draws rock crack development degree and water penetration rule.
18. operating method according to claim 17, which is characterized in that in the step S202, further include：
Water containing the first predetermined threshold value in the water-bearing layer in original state；
In pressure process, water can the crack through generation permeate downwards, until be collected to it is described cut in eye, the water cut in eye
It is discharged through the drainage channel and gutter；
When the water level in the water-bearing layer is less than the second predetermined threshold value, continue to note into the water-bearing layer by the water injection pipe
Enter water, wherein, second predetermined threshold value is less than first predetermined threshold value.
19. operating method according to claim 17, which is characterized in that in the step S201, further include：
Gas is injected into pressurised airbag by inflator pump；
When the pressurised airbag is unfolded, the lower part of the pressurised airbag covers all the upper surface of the topsoil, described
The top of pressurised airbag is contacted with the head cover, the side of the pressurised airbag and the side plane contact.
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Application publication date: 20180601 |